EP0625283A1 - Switching pad or plate. - Google Patents

Switching pad or plate.

Info

Publication number
EP0625283A1
EP0625283A1 EP94901895A EP94901895A EP0625283A1 EP 0625283 A1 EP0625283 A1 EP 0625283A1 EP 94901895 A EP94901895 A EP 94901895A EP 94901895 A EP94901895 A EP 94901895A EP 0625283 A1 EP0625283 A1 EP 0625283A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
plate
guide
pins
path
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94901895A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0625283B1 (en
Inventor
Fritz D Buchien
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mayser GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Mayser GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mayser GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Mayser GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0625283A1 publication Critical patent/EP0625283A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0625283B1 publication Critical patent/EP0625283B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/14—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot
    • H01H3/141—Cushion or mat switches
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
    • E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
    • E05F15/44—Detection using safety edges responsive to changes in electrical conductivity
    • E05F2015/447—Detection using safety edges responsive to changes in electrical conductivity using switches in serial arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/14—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot
    • H01H3/141—Cushion or mat switches
    • H01H2003/146—Cushion or mat switches being normally closed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H2009/0083—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00 using redundant components, e.g. two pressure tubes for pressure switch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch mat or plate according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Switch mats are known, for example, from DE 38 21 305 AI, in which two switch strips are installed in a switch mat made of a rubber-elastic material, each of which consists of a plurality of contact plates which lie against one another with their end edges and pass through them Expander cords are held together.
  • a contact track runs in these contact plates, and the configuration is such that each of the contact plates has contact points at their ends, which come into contact with the contact points of the adjacent plate-shaped element. When the switching mat is touched and the plate-shaped elements move apart as a result, the contact points are separated, so that the circuit is interrupted.
  • Switch mats of this type can generally not be designed with sufficient sensitivity to effect a switching process even at low pressures.
  • a switch mat of the type according to the preamble of patent claim 1 is known from GB 1 394 064, in which leaf springs are provided either on one or on both sides of an insulating base plate, which form the current-carrying contact path.
  • the leaf springs are provided with holes at certain points, through which steel contact pins engage with a wide head, which presses from the outside against the leaf springs pressed against the head under their own elasticity. When the leaf springs are pressed, the head of the contact pin is therefore free, so that the current path is interrupted.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a switch mat or plate of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that sensitive actuation is possible, and that the entire surface of the switch mat or plate is divided into small areas can be subdivided, where a touch already leads to an interruption of the contact.
  • a safety mat or plate constructed in this way has two redundant safety systems and can therefore be used in particular where there are increased demands on safety.
  • the configuration can expediently be such that the contact path assigned to one of the plates or mats and the contact heads interacting with it run at a distance from the contact path assigned to the other plate or mat.
  • the contact path of one of the plates or mats expediently runs in the middle between the parallel branches of the meandering contact path of the other plate or mat.
  • Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in claim 4.
  • Sensors are assigned to the recesses, which are actuated by the contact head interrupting the contact path when a switching pin is actuated. This configuration namely also makes it possible to determine at which point the contact path was interrupted. This is a decisive advantage, for example, for safety devices which are also intended to determine where an operator is located.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of a first embodiment of a circuit board, which consists of two superimposed plates and a guide plate arranged between them,
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through the circuit board of FIGS. 1 and 2 along the line III-III in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows the section through another embodiment of a circuit board with two circuit boards placed one against the other and each connected to switching pins according to the invention along the section line IV-IV in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows the section through the circuit board of FIG. 4 along the section line V-V
  • Fig. 6 shows the section through the circuit board of FIGS. 4 and 5 along the section line VI-VI in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 finally shows the sectional view of a circuit board similar to Fig. 5, but with additionally arranged sensors.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 schematically show a circuit board which consists of two substantially parallel planar bodies in the form of plates (1) and (2), the upper one of which has a certain elasticity , and relative to the lower plate (2) and a guide plate (3) arranged therebetween is elastically supported by the fact that foam strips (4), which can also be part of a foam mat provided with punched-outs, for a certain small distance (a) between the upper plate (1) and the guide plate (3) if the upper plate (1) is not touched and is at rest. In the position shown in FIG. 2, a certain force is exerted on the center of the plate (1). It has therefore bent somewhat in the middle.
  • the plates (1, 2 and 3) are made of insulating material.
  • Fixed to the upper plate (1) are the ends of contact pins (5) which, in the exemplary embodiment, merge into a part of larger diameter from their respective fastening end inserted in the plate (1), which in turn is in the guide plate (3) is guided longitudinally.
  • the contact pins (5) have at their end facing away from the fastening end a disk-shaped contact head (6) which, like the contact pins (5), is made of an electrically conductive material. It would also be possible to produce the contact pins (5) themselves from non-conductive material and to place contact heads made of conductive material thereon. However, the one-piece production of the contact pins (5) from an electrically conductive material, for example from aluminum, is simpler.
  • the contact heads are, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in each case in the dimensions of the contact heads (6) adapted circular recesses (7) are provided, which are provided in the lowermost plate (2), and which have a depth that each corresponds to the maximum switching path of the contact pins (5), which is given by the distance (a) between the upper plate (1) and the guide plate (3) which is present in the idle state.
  • the contact pins (5) and the depressions (7) are each arranged in parallel rows and at the same distance from one another, so that the contact pins (5) are arranged in a grid pattern over the entire surface of the upper part Distribute the actuating plate (1).
  • a contact path (8) runs between the guide plate (3) and the lower plate (2) and is laid so that it intersects the axes of the contact pins (5) and therefore also crosses the area of the contact heads (6) .
  • the contact track (8) runs in a meandering manner through the areas of the contact heads (6), and it has the connection points (9) and (10) at which a power supply can be applied to the side of the circuit board.
  • the contact track (8) which can be firmly connected to the guide plate (3), for example, runs laterally into the area of the depressions (7) so that it extends under the contact heads (6).
  • the top plate (1) is not actuated, all switching pins (5) with their contact heads (6) are in series; the circuit connected at positions (9) and (10) is closed.
  • the upper plate (1) is bent by a force acting on it, then at least one switch head (6) is pressed into its recess (7) so far that the contact path is in its place (8) is interrupted.
  • This also breaks the circuit. 2 is chosen so that not only one of the switch heads (6) interrupts the contact path by bending the plate (1), but several switch heads.
  • the configuration can also be made without further ado that, with a larger dimension of the plate (1) and a local deformation, under certain circumstances only one switch head is pressed into its recess (7). However, this also leads to an interruption of the circuit.
  • Each of the switching pins (5) represents a disconnector. Its actuation leads to the circuit being interrupted, which can be used for monitoring.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show a modification of the circuit board of FIGS. 1 to 3 insofar as here two plates (11 and 12) are now each fixed to the ends of the switching pins (5) and (5 1 ) and rotated by 180 ° to one another by interposing the foam strips (4) so that the switching space (a) is formed between them.
  • the plate (11) and its switching pins (5) is assigned the lower plate (21) with its depressions (7), the lower plate (12) and its switching pins (5 1 ) the upper cover plate (22) with the recesses exercises (7 ').
  • the plates (11 and 12) each take on the function of a guide plate for the switch pins (5 and 5 1 ).
  • the plate (12) therefore serves as a guide plate for the switching pins (5) which are fixedly connected to the plate (11) and vice versa, the plate (11) serves as a guide plate for the switching pins (5 ') / which is fixed to the plate (12) are connected.
  • the switching pins (5) of this plate (11) are inserted into the recesses (7 ) of the lower cover plate (21), but at the same time also the switching pins (5 1 ) of the lower plate (12) into the recesses (7 ') of the upper cover plate (22).
  • FIG. 7 shows one way in which the position of the isolating switches formed by the contact pins (5), which in each case have caused the circuit to be interrupted, can also be displayed using relatively simple means.
  • sensors (15) are attached to the base of the recesses (7) of the cover plate (21), which, when the switching head of the switching pin (5) pressed down by the switching path, into the assigned recess (7) is pressed in to allow a signal to be output with which the location of the circuit breaker triggered can be located.
  • the sensors (15) can e.g. formed as piezoelectric elements and connected to a display panel via contact paths (not shown).
  • Such an embodiment also allows e.g. to display the position of an operator relative to a robot monitored by the circuit board of the invention in order, for example, to switch off the robot's movement processes in good time if the operator comes too close to the danger zone.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP93/03329 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 2, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 2, 1994 PCT Filed Nov. 26, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/12996 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 9, 1994.A switching pad or plate having electroinsulating flat bodies arranged essentially in parallel to one another, to which at least one current-conducting contact path is assigned which has disconnecting switches disposed in series and are actuated by pressure on one of the flat bodies. Contact pins are assigned to the disconnecting switches which contact pins subjected to spring force, rest against the contact path by a contact head. The contact pins are firmly connected at the end facing away from the contact head with one of the flat bodies and each contact pin is movably held in a guide which is formed by an insulating flat body.

Description

Schaltmatte oder Schaltplatte Safety mat or circuit board
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltmatte oder -platte nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a switch mat or plate according to the preamble of claim 1.
Schaltmatten sind beispielsweise aus der DE 38 21 305 AI be¬ kannt, bei der in eine Schaltmatte aus einem gummielastischen Werkstoff zwei Schaltleisten eingebaut sind, von denen jede aus einer Mehrzahl von Kontaktplatten besteht, die mit ihren End¬ kanten aneinanderliegen und durch durch sie hindurchgeführte Expanderschnüre zusammengehalten werden. In diesen Kontaktplat¬ ten verläuft eine Kontaktbahn, und die Ausgestaltung ist dabei so getroffen, daß jede der Kontaktplatten an ihren Enden Kon¬ taktstellen besitzt, die mit den Kontaktstellen des benachbar¬ ten plattenför igen Elementes in Verbindung kommen. Bei einer Berührung der Schaltmatte und bei einer dadurch bewirkten Aus¬ einanderbewegung der plattenförmigen Elemente, werden die Kon¬ taktstellen getrennt, so daß hierdurch der Stromkreis unter¬ brochen wird. Schaltmatten dieser Art lassen sich in der Regel nicht feinfüh¬ lig genug ausbilden, um einen Schaltvorgang auch bei geringen Drücken zu bewirken.Switch mats are known, for example, from DE 38 21 305 AI, in which two switch strips are installed in a switch mat made of a rubber-elastic material, each of which consists of a plurality of contact plates which lie against one another with their end edges and pass through them Expander cords are held together. A contact track runs in these contact plates, and the configuration is such that each of the contact plates has contact points at their ends, which come into contact with the contact points of the adjacent plate-shaped element. When the switching mat is touched and the plate-shaped elements move apart as a result, the contact points are separated, so that the circuit is interrupted. Switch mats of this type can generally not be designed with sufficient sensitivity to effect a switching process even at low pressures.
Eine Schaltmatte der Gattung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentan¬ spruches 1 ist aus der GB 1 394 064 bekannt, bei der Blatt¬ federn entweder auf einer oder auf beiden Seiten einer isolie¬ renden Basisplatte vorgesehen sind, welche die stromdurchflos- sene Kontaktbahn bilden. Die Blattfedern sind mit Bohrungen an bestimmten Stellen versehen, durch welche aus Stahl bestehende Kontaktstifte mit einem breiten Kopf greifen, der sich jeweils von außen an die unter ihrer Eigenelastizität gegen den Kopf gedrückten Blattfedern preßt. Bei Druck auf die Blattfedern wird daher der Kopf des Kontaktstiftes frei, so daß die Strom¬ bahn unterbrochen ist. Dies gilt sowohl für die in der geannten GB 1 394 064 gezeigte Ausführungsform mit einen fest an der Basisplatte angeordneten Kontaktstift als auch für eine eben¬ falls dort gezeigte Variante, bei der der Kontaktstift mit zwei jeweils an seinem Ende vorgesehenen Kontaktköpfen zwischen zwei beidseits der Basisplatte angeordneten Blattfedern gehalten ist. Bei solchen Bauarten kann die Auslösung eines Schaltvor¬ ganges dann gefährdet sein, wenn der Druck auf die Einrichtung unmittelbar im Bereich des Schaltkopfes eines Kontaktstiftes ausgeübt wird, da der Kontaktstift dort auch bei betätigten Blattfedern eben noch mit einem gewissen Bereich seines Umfan- ges an der Bohrung in den Blattfedern anliegen kann. Ein siche¬ rer Schaltvorgang ist daher nur durch den Einsatz entsprechen¬ der Überwachungseinrichtungen für den fließenden Strom möglich. Eine feinfühlige Betätigung ist mit solchen Bauarten nicht mög¬ lich.A switch mat of the type according to the preamble of patent claim 1 is known from GB 1 394 064, in which leaf springs are provided either on one or on both sides of an insulating base plate, which form the current-carrying contact path. The leaf springs are provided with holes at certain points, through which steel contact pins engage with a wide head, which presses from the outside against the leaf springs pressed against the head under their own elasticity. When the leaf springs are pressed, the head of the contact pin is therefore free, so that the current path is interrupted. This applies both to the embodiment shown in said GB 1 394 064 with a contact pin fixedly arranged on the base plate and also to a variant also shown there, in which the contact pin has two contact heads provided at its end between two sides of the base plate arranged leaf springs is held. In such designs, the triggering of a switching operation can be jeopardized if the pressure is exerted on the device directly in the area of the switching head of a contact pin, since the contact pin there even with actuated leaf springs still has a certain range of its circumference on the contact pin Bore in the leaf springs can lie. A safe switching operation is therefore only possible through the use of appropriate monitoring devices for the flowing current. Sensitive actuation is not possible with such designs.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schalt¬ matte oder -platte der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß eine feinfühlige Betätigung möglich ist, und daß auch die gesamte Fläche der Schaltmatte oder -platte in kleine Bereiche unterteilbar ist, an denen eine Berührung schon zu einer Kon¬ taktunterbrechung führt.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a switch mat or plate of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that sensitive actuation is possible, and that the entire surface of the switch mat or plate is divided into small areas can be subdivided, where a touch already leads to an interruption of the contact.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden bei einer Schaltmatte oder -platte der eingangs genannten Art die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 vorgesehen.To achieve this object, the characterizing features of claim 1 are provided in a switch mat or plate of the type mentioned.
Durch diese Ausgestaltungen wird es jeweils möglich, die ge¬ samte Fläche der Schaltmatte oder -platte mit Kontaktelementen zu versehen, deren Abstand nur durch die Größe der Kontaktköpfe und den zwischen benachbart verlaufenden Ästen der Kontaktbahn notwendigen Isolierabstand bestimmt ist. Diese Ausgestaltung läßt daher eine sehr feine Unterteilung der Fläche einer Schaltplatte oder -matte mit Kontaktelementen zu, die wegen ihrer geringen Größe und der direkten Verbindung der Schalt¬ stifte mit einem der Flächenkörper auch eine feinfühlige Be¬ tätigung ermöglichen.These configurations make it possible in each case to provide the entire surface of the switch mat or plate with contact elements, the spacing of which is determined only by the size of the contact heads and the insulating spacing necessary between adjacent branches of the contact track. This configuration therefore allows a very fine subdivision of the surface of a circuit board or mat with contact elements which, because of their small size and the direct connection of the switching pins to one of the planar bodies, also enable sensitive actuation.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung können die Merkmale des Patent¬ anspruch 2 vorgesehen werden, die eine kompakte und flache Bauweise ermöglichen.In a development of the invention, the features of claim 2 can be provided, which enable a compact and flat design.
Durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruch 3 werden zwei unabhängig voneinander wirkende Schaltkreise gebildet. Eine derartig auf¬ gebaute Schaltmatte oder -platte besitzt zwei redundante Sicherheitssysteme, und läßt sich daher insbesondere dort ein¬ setzen, wo erhöhte Anforderungen an die Sicherheit gestellt werden. Dabei kann die Ausgestaltung zweckmäßig jeweils so getroffen werden, daß die einer der Platten oder Matten zuge¬ ordnete Kontaktbahn und die mit ihr zusammenwirkenden Kontakt¬ köpfe im Abstand zu der der anderen Platte oder Matte zugeord¬ neten Kontaktbahn verlaufen. Zweckmäßig verläuft dabei die Kontaktbahn einer der Platten oder Matten jeweils in der Mitte zwischen den parallelen Ästen der mäanderförmigen Kontaktbahn der anderen Platte oder Matte. Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind im An¬ spruch 4 gekennzeichnet. Dabei werden den Vertiefungen Sensoren zugeordnet, die bei Betätigung eines Schaltstiftes durch den die Kontaktbahn unterbrechenden Kontaktkopf betätigt werden. Diese Ausgestaltung nämlich erlaubt es zusätzlich auch noch, jeweils festzustellen, an welcher Stelle die Unterbrechung der Kontaktbahn erfolgt ist. Dies ist z.B. für Sicherheitseinrich¬ tungen, mit denen auch festgestellt werden soll, wo sich eine Bedienungsperson befindet, ein entscheidender Vorteil.Due to the features of claim 3, two independent circuits are formed. A safety mat or plate constructed in this way has two redundant safety systems and can therefore be used in particular where there are increased demands on safety. The configuration can expediently be such that the contact path assigned to one of the plates or mats and the contact heads interacting with it run at a distance from the contact path assigned to the other plate or mat. The contact path of one of the plates or mats expediently runs in the middle between the parallel branches of the meandering contact path of the other plate or mat. Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in claim 4. Sensors are assigned to the recesses, which are actuated by the contact head interrupting the contact path when a switching pin is actuated. This configuration namely also makes it possible to determine at which point the contact path was interrupted. This is a decisive advantage, for example, for safety devices which are also intended to determine where an operator is located.
Die Erfindung ist anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is illustrated in the drawing using exemplary embodiments and is explained below. Show it:
Fig. 1 die Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform einer Schaltplatte, die aus zwei aufeinanderliegenden Platten und einer dazwischen angeordneten Führungs¬ platte besteht,1 is a top view of a first embodiment of a circuit board, which consists of two superimposed plates and a guide plate arranged between them,
Fig. 2 die Darstellung des Schnittes nach der Linie II-II der Fig. 1,2 shows the section along the line II-II of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 den Schnitt durch die Schaltplatte der Fig. 1 und 2 längs der Linie III-III in Fig. 2,3 shows a section through the circuit board of FIGS. 1 and 2 along the line III-III in FIG. 2,
Fig. 4 den Schnitt durch eine andere Ausführungsform einer Schaltplatte mit zwei gegeneinandergelegten und je¬ weils mit Schaltstiften verbundenen Schaltplatten gemäß der Erfindung längs der Schnittlinie IV-IV in Fig. 5,4 shows the section through another embodiment of a circuit board with two circuit boards placed one against the other and each connected to switching pins according to the invention along the section line IV-IV in FIG.
Fig. 5 den Schnitt durch die Schaltplatte der Fig. 4 längs der Schnittlinie V-V,5 shows the section through the circuit board of FIG. 4 along the section line V-V,
Fig. 6 den Schnitt durch die Schaltplatte der Fig. 4 und 5 längs der Schnittlinie VI-VI in Fig. 5, und Fig. 7 schließlich die Schnittdarstellung einer Schaltplatte ähnlich Fig. 5, jedoch mit zusätzlich angeordneten Sensoren.Fig. 6 shows the section through the circuit board of FIGS. 4 and 5 along the section line VI-VI in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 finally shows the sectional view of a circuit board similar to Fig. 5, but with additionally arranged sensors.
In den Fig. 1 bis 3 ist schematisch eine Schaltplatte darge¬ stellt, die aus zwei im wesentlichen parallel zueinander ange¬ ordneten Flächenkörpern in der Form von Platten (1) und (2) be¬ steht, von denen die obere eine gewisse Elastizität aufweist, und gegenüber der unteren Platte (2) und einer dazwischen ange¬ ordneten Führungsplatte (3) elastisch dadurch gelagert ist, daß Schaumstoffstreifen (4) , die auch Teil einer mit Ausstanzungen versehenen Schaumstoffmatte sein können, für einen gewissen geringen Abstand (a) zwischen der oberen Platte (1) und der Führungsplatte (3) sorgen, wenn die obere Platte (1) nicht be¬ rührt wird und im Ruhezustand ist. In der in der Fig. 2 darge¬ stellten Lage, wird auf die Mitte der Platte (1) eine gewisse Kraft ausgeübt. Sie hat sich daher in der Mitte etwas durchge¬ bogen.1 to 3 schematically show a circuit board which consists of two substantially parallel planar bodies in the form of plates (1) and (2), the upper one of which has a certain elasticity , and relative to the lower plate (2) and a guide plate (3) arranged therebetween is elastically supported by the fact that foam strips (4), which can also be part of a foam mat provided with punched-outs, for a certain small distance (a) between the upper plate (1) and the guide plate (3) if the upper plate (1) is not touched and is at rest. In the position shown in FIG. 2, a certain force is exerted on the center of the plate (1). It has therefore bent somewhat in the middle.
Die Platten (1, 2 und 3) bestehen aus isolierendem Material. Fest mit der oberen Platte (1) sind die Enden von Kontakt¬ stiften (5) verbunden, die beim Ausführungsbeispiel von ihrem in der Platte (1) jeweils steckenden Befestigungsende aus in einen Teil größeren Durchmessers übergehen, der wiederum in der Führungsplatte (3) längsverschiebbar geführt ist. Die Kontakt¬ stifte (5) besitzen an ihrem vom Befestigungsende abgewandten Ende einen scheibenförmigen Kontaktkopf (6) , der ebenso wie die Kontaktstifte (5) aus einem elektrisch leitfähigem Material be¬ steht. Es wäre auch möglich, die Kontaktstifte (5) selbst aus nicht leitfähigem Material herzustellen, und hierauf aus leit¬ fähigem Material bestehende Kontaktköpfe aufzusetzen. Die ein¬ teilige Herstellung der Kontaktstifte (5) aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material, z.B. aus Aluminium, ist jedoch einfacher. Die Kontaktköpfe sind, wie die Fig. 2 und 3 zeigt, jeweils in den Abmessungen der Kontaktköpfe (6) angepassten kreisförmigen Vertiefungen (7) aufgenommen, die in der untersten Platte (2) vorgesehen sind, und die eine Tiefe aufweisen, die jeweils dem maximalen Schaltweg der Kontaktstifte (5) entspricht, der durch den im Ruhezustand vorhandenen Abstand (a) zwischen der oberen Platte (1) und der Führungsplatte (3) gegeben ist.The plates (1, 2 and 3) are made of insulating material. Fixed to the upper plate (1) are the ends of contact pins (5) which, in the exemplary embodiment, merge into a part of larger diameter from their respective fastening end inserted in the plate (1), which in turn is in the guide plate (3) is guided longitudinally. The contact pins (5) have at their end facing away from the fastening end a disk-shaped contact head (6) which, like the contact pins (5), is made of an electrically conductive material. It would also be possible to produce the contact pins (5) themselves from non-conductive material and to place contact heads made of conductive material thereon. However, the one-piece production of the contact pins (5) from an electrically conductive material, for example from aluminum, is simpler. The contact heads are, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in each case in the dimensions of the contact heads (6) adapted circular recesses (7) are provided, which are provided in the lowermost plate (2), and which have a depth that each corresponds to the maximum switching path of the contact pins (5), which is given by the distance (a) between the upper plate (1) and the guide plate (3) which is present in the idle state.
Die Kontaktstifte (5) und die Vertiefungen (7) sind, wie den Figuren 1 und 3 zu entnehmen ist, jeweils in parallelen Reihen und in gleichem Abstand zueinander angeordnet, so daß sich die Kontaktstifte (5) rastermäßig auf der gesamten Fläche der obe¬ ren, zur Betätigung dienenden Platte (1) verteilen.1 and 3, the contact pins (5) and the depressions (7) are each arranged in parallel rows and at the same distance from one another, so that the contact pins (5) are arranged in a grid pattern over the entire surface of the upper part Distribute the actuating plate (1).
Zwischen der Führungsplatte (3) und der unteren Platte (2) ver¬ läuft eine Kontaktbahn (8) , die so gelegt ist, daß sie jeweils die Achsen der Kontaktstifte (5) schneidet, und daher auch den Bereich der Kontaktkδpfe (6) durchquert. Die Kontaktbahn (8) verläuft mäanderförmig durch die Bereiche der Kontaktköpfe (6) , und sie besitzt die Anschlußstellen (9) und (10) , an denen je¬ weils eine Stromversorgung seitlich an die Schaltplatte angelegt werden kann.A contact path (8) runs between the guide plate (3) and the lower plate (2) and is laid so that it intersects the axes of the contact pins (5) and therefore also crosses the area of the contact heads (6) . The contact track (8) runs in a meandering manner through the areas of the contact heads (6), and it has the connection points (9) and (10) at which a power supply can be applied to the side of the circuit board.
Wie die Fig. 3 und die Fig. 2 zeigt, verläuft die Kontaktbahn (8) , die beispielsweise fest mit der Führungsplatte (3) verbun¬ den sein kann, seitlich in den Bereich der Vertiefungen (7) he¬ rein, so daß sie bis unter die Kontaktköpfe (6) reicht. Bei nicht betätigter oberer Platte (1) liegen daher alle Schalt¬ stifte (5) mit ihren Kontaktköpfen (6) in Serie; der an den Stellen (9) und (10) angeschlossene Schaltkreis ist geschlossen.As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 2, the contact track (8), which can be firmly connected to the guide plate (3), for example, runs laterally into the area of the depressions (7) so that it extends under the contact heads (6). When the top plate (1) is not actuated, all switching pins (5) with their contact heads (6) are in series; the circuit connected at positions (9) and (10) is closed.
Wird nun, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, die obere Platte (1) durch eine auf sie wirkende Kraft durchgebogen, dann wird mindestens ein Schaltkopf (6) so weit in seine Vertiefung (7) hereinge¬ drückt, daß an seiner Stelle die Kontaktbahn (8) unterbrochen ist. Damit ist auch der Schaltkreis unterbrochen. Die Darstellung der Fig. 2 ist so gewählt, daß nicht nur einer der Schaltkδpfe (6) durch das Durchbiegen der Platte (1) die Kontaktbahn unterbricht, sondern mehrere Schaltköpfe. Die Aus¬ gestaltung kann aber ohne weiteres auch so getroffen werden, daß bei einer größeren Abmessung der Platte (1) und einer örtlichen Verformung unter Umständen auch nur ein Schaltkopf in seine Ver¬ tiefung (7) gedrückt wird. Auch dies führt aber zu einer Unter¬ brechung des Schaltkreises. Jeder der Schaltstifte (5) stellt einen Trennschalter dar. Seine Betätigung führt zur Unterbre¬ chung des Schaltkreises, der zur Überwachung eingesetzt werden kann.If, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper plate (1) is bent by a force acting on it, then at least one switch head (6) is pressed into its recess (7) so far that the contact path is in its place (8) is interrupted. This also breaks the circuit. 2 is chosen so that not only one of the switch heads (6) interrupts the contact path by bending the plate (1), but several switch heads. However, the configuration can also be made without further ado that, with a larger dimension of the plate (1) and a local deformation, under certain circumstances only one switch head is pressed into its recess (7). However, this also leads to an interruption of the circuit. Each of the switching pins (5) represents a disconnector. Its actuation leads to the circuit being interrupted, which can be used for monitoring.
Die Fig. 4 bis 6 zeigen eine Abwandlung der Schaltplatte der Fig. 1 bis 3 insofern, als hier nun zwei Platten (11 und 12) jeweils fest mit den Enden der Schaltstifte (5) bzw. (51) und um 180° zueinanderverdreht durch Zwischenfügung der Schaumstreifen (4) so aufeinandergelegt sind, daß zwischen ihnen der Schalt¬ zwischenraum (a) gebildet wird. Der Platte (11) und ihren Schaltstiften (5) ist dabei die untere Platte (21) mit ihrem Vertiefungen (7) zugeordnet, der unteren Platte (12) und ihren Schaltstiften (51) die obere Abdeckplatte (22) mit den Vertie¬ fungen (7') . Bei dieser Ausführungsform, die also in etwa der doppelten Ausführung der Schaltplatte der Fig. 1 bis 3 ent¬ spricht, übernehmen jeweils die Platten (11 und 12) die Funktion einer Führungsplatte für die Schaltstifte (5 und 51) . Die Platte (12) dient daher als Führungsplatte für die Schaltstifte (5) , die fest mit der Platte (11) verbunden sind und umgekehrt, dient die Platte (11) als Führungsplatte für die Schaltstifte (5') / die fest mit der Platte (12) verbunden sind. Wie Fig. 5 zeigt, werden daher bei einer Ausübung einer Kraft auf die obere Ab¬ deckplatte (22) und bei einer dadurch bewirkten Verformung der Platte (11) die Schaltstifte (5) dieser Platte (11) in die Ver¬ tiefungen (7) der unteren Abdeckplatte (21) gedrückt, gleich¬ zeitig aber auch die Schaltstifte (51) der unteren Platte (12) in die Vertiefungen (7') der oberen Abdeckplatte (22) . Da je¬ weils an der der Platte (21) zugewandten Seite der Platte (12) die Kontaktbahn (8) , und an der der Platte (22) zugewandten Seite der Platte (11) die Kontaktbahn (81) in der gleichen Weise verläuft, wie das schon anhand der Fig. 2 und 3 erläutert wurde, wird daher bei der Ausgestaltung der Schaltplatte der Fig. 4 bis 6 sowohl der an den Anschlußstellen (9 und 10) anliegende Schaltkreis, als auch der Schaltkreis unterbrochen, der an den Stellen (13 und 14) der oberen Platte (11) angelegt ist. Die Ausführungsform der Fig. 4 bis 6 eröffnet daher in einfacher Weise die Möglichkeit einer mit zwei redundanten Sicherheits¬ kreisen ausgerüsteten Schaltplatte.4 to 6 show a modification of the circuit board of FIGS. 1 to 3 insofar as here two plates (11 and 12) are now each fixed to the ends of the switching pins (5) and (5 1 ) and rotated by 180 ° to one another by interposing the foam strips (4) so that the switching space (a) is formed between them. The plate (11) and its switching pins (5) is assigned the lower plate (21) with its depressions (7), the lower plate (12) and its switching pins (5 1 ) the upper cover plate (22) with the recesses exercises (7 '). In this embodiment, which corresponds approximately to the double design of the switch plate of FIGS. 1 to 3, the plates (11 and 12) each take on the function of a guide plate for the switch pins (5 and 5 1 ). The plate (12) therefore serves as a guide plate for the switching pins (5) which are fixedly connected to the plate (11) and vice versa, the plate (11) serves as a guide plate for the switching pins (5 ') / which is fixed to the plate (12) are connected. As shown in FIG. 5, when a force is exerted on the upper cover plate (22) and the plate (11) is deformed as a result, the switching pins (5) of this plate (11) are inserted into the recesses (7 ) of the lower cover plate (21), but at the same time also the switching pins (5 1 ) of the lower plate (12) into the recesses (7 ') of the upper cover plate (22). Since on the side of the plate (12) facing the plate (21) the contact path (8), and on the side of the plate (11) facing the plate (22) the contact path (8 1 ) runs in the same manner as that which has already been explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, is therefore in the Design of the circuit board of FIGS. 4 to 6, both the circuit at the connection points (9 and 10) and the circuit interrupted, which is applied at the points (13 and 14) of the upper plate (11). The embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6 therefore opens up the possibility of a circuit board equipped with two redundant safety circuits in a simple manner.
Die Fig. 7 schließlich zeigt eine Möglichkeit, wie mit verhält¬ nismäßig einfachen Mitteln auch die Lage der durch die Kontakt¬ stifte (5) gebildeten Trennschalter angezeigt werden kann, die jeweils die Unterbrechung des Schaltkreises bewirkt haben. Es sind zu diesem Zweck jeweils am Grund der Vertiefungen (7) der Abdeckplatte (21) Sensoren (15) angebracht, die dann, wenn der Schaltkopf des um den Schaltweg nach unten gedrückten Schalt¬ stiftes (5) in die zugeordnete Vertiefung (7) hereingedrückt ist, ein Signal abzugeben erlauben, mit dem die Stelle des je¬ weils ausgelösten Trennschalters lokalisierbar ist. Die Sensoren (15) können z.B. als piezoelektrische Elemente ausgebildet und über nicht nähergezeigte Kontaktwege mit einer Anzeigetafel ver¬ bunden sein. Eine solche Ausführungsform erlaubt es auch, z.B. die Position einer Bedienungsperson relativ zu einem durch die Schaltplatte der Erfindung überwachten Roboter anzuzeigen, um beispielsweise rechtzeitig Bewegungsvorgänge des Roboters abzu¬ schalten, wenn die Bedienungsperson dem Gefahrenbereich zu nahe kommt. Finally, FIG. 7 shows one way in which the position of the isolating switches formed by the contact pins (5), which in each case have caused the circuit to be interrupted, can also be displayed using relatively simple means. For this purpose, sensors (15) are attached to the base of the recesses (7) of the cover plate (21), which, when the switching head of the switching pin (5) pressed down by the switching path, into the assigned recess (7) is pressed in to allow a signal to be output with which the location of the circuit breaker triggered can be located. The sensors (15) can e.g. formed as piezoelectric elements and connected to a display panel via contact paths (not shown). Such an embodiment also allows e.g. to display the position of an operator relative to a robot monitored by the circuit board of the invention in order, for example, to switch off the robot's movement processes in good time if the operator comes too close to the danger zone.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Schaltmatte oder -platte bestehend aus im wesent¬ lichen parallel zueinander angeordneten elektrisch isolierenden Flächenkörpern (1, 2 bzw. 11, 12) , denen mindestens eine strom- durchflossene Kontaktbahn (8, 81) zugeordnet ist, die in Serie liegende Trennschalter aufweist, die bei Druck auf einen der Flächenkörper betätigt werden, wobei den Trennschaltern Kon¬ taktstifte (5, 5') zugeordnet sind, die unter Federkraft mit einem Kontaktkopf (6) an der Kontaktbahn anliegen, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktstifte (5, 5') mit dem von dem Kontaktkopf (6) angewandten Ende mit einem der Flächenkörper1. Switch mat or plate consisting of electrically insulating sheet-like bodies (1, 2 or 11, 12) arranged essentially parallel to one another, to which at least one current-carrying contact path (8, 8 1 ) is assigned, the isolating switch located in series which are actuated when pressure is exerted on one of the flat bodies, the isolating switches being assigned contact pins (5, 5 ') which bear under spring force with a contact head (6) on the contact track, characterized in that the contact pins ( 5, 5 ') with the end used by the contact head (6) with one of the flat bodies
(1 bzw. 11, 12) fest verbunden sind und daß jeder Kontaktstift in einer Führung beweglich gehalten ist, die von einem isolie¬ renden Flächenkörper (3, 11, 12) gebildet ist.(1 or 11, 12) are firmly connected and that each contact pin is movably held in a guide which is formed by an insulating sheet (3, 11, 12).
2. Schaltmatte oder -platte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der von dem mit den Kontaktstiften (5) verbundenen Flächenkörper (1) abgewandten Seite der Führung Vertiefungen (7) für die Bewegung der Kontaktköpfe (6) vorge¬ sehen sind, die in dem nicht mit den Kontaktstiften verbundenen Flächenkörper (2) vorgesehen sind, daß die Führung für die Kon¬ taktstifte zwischen den beiden Flächenkörpern (1, 2) angeordnet ist, und daß zwischen dem die Vertiefungen (7) aufweisenden Flächenkörper (2) und der Führung (3) die Kontaktbahn (8) ange¬ ordnet ist, die mäanderförmig über die Fläche verläuft und den Bereich der Konktaktköpfe (6) durchquert.2. Switching mat or plate according to claim 1, characterized in that on the side of the guide facing away from the surface body (1) connected to the contact pins (5) depressions (7) for the movement of the contact heads (6) are provided, that are provided in the sheet (2) not connected to the contact pins, that the guide for the contact pins is arranged between the two sheets (1, 2), and that between the recesses (7) The body (2) and the guide (3) are arranged with the contact path (8), which runs in a meandering shape over the surface and crosses the area of the contact heads (6).
3. Schaltmatte oder -platte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Führung für die Kontaktstifte (5, 5') von einem der beiden Flächenkörper (11, 12) gebildet ist, daß je¬ weils auf der von dem mit den Kontaktstiften (5, 5') verbunde¬ nen Flächenkörper abgewandten Seite der Führung Vertiefungen (7, 71) für die Bewegung der Kontaktköpfe (6) vorgesehen sind, die in zusätzlichen, als Abdeckung dienenden Flächenkörpern3. Switching mat or plate according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the guide for the contact pins (5, 5 ') is formed by one of the two flat bodies (11, 12), that in each case on the one with the Contact pins (5, 5 ') connected flat body facing away from the guide recesses (7, 7 1 ) for the movement of the contact heads (6) are provided, which in additional, serving as a cover flat bodies
(21, 22) vorgesehen sind, und daß zwischen diesen die Vertie¬ fungen (7, 7') aufweisenden Flächenkörpern (21, 22) und der Führung (11, 12) jeweils eine Kontaktbahn (8, 8*) angeordnet ist, die mäanderförmig über die Fläche verläuft und den Bereich der Kontaktköpfe (6) durchquert, so daß zwei unabhängig vonein¬ ander wirkende Schaltkreise gebildet sind.(21, 22) are provided, and that between these flat bodies (21, 22), which have the recesses (7, 7 ') and the guide (11, 12), a contact track (8, 8 *) is arranged in each case meanders over the surface and crosses the area of the contact heads (6), so that two circuits which act independently of one another are formed.
4. Schaltmatte oder -platte nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Vertiefungen (7) jeweils Sen¬ soren (15) angeordnet sind, die bei Betätigung eines Schalt¬ stiftes (5) durch den die Kontaktbahn (8) unterbrechenden Kontaktkopf (6) betätigt werden.4. Switching mat or plate according to claim 2 or 3, da¬ characterized in that in the recesses (7) each Sen¬ sensors (15) are arranged, the actuation of a Schalt¬ pin (5) through which the contact track (8th ) interrupting contact head (6).
5. Schaltmatte oder -platte nach Anspruch 3, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die einem der Flächenkörper (11, 12) zugeord¬ nete Konkakbahn (8, 81) und die mit ihr zusammenwirkenden Kon¬ taktköpfe (6) im Abstand zu der dem anderen Flächenkörper zu¬ geordneten Kontaktbahn verlaufen.5. Switching mat or plate according to claim 3, characterized ge indicates that the one of the sheet body (11, 12) zugeord¬ ned concave track (8, 8 1 ) and the interacting with it Kon¬ contact heads (6) at a distance from the the contact path assigned to the other sheet.
6. Schaltmatte oder -platte nach Anspruch 5, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktbahn (8, 8') eines der Flächenkör¬ per (12) jeweils in der Mitte zwischen den parallelen Ästen der mäanderförmigen Kontaktbahn (8) des anderen Flächenkörpers (11) verläuft. 6. Switching mat or plate according to claim 5, characterized ge indicates that the contact path (8, 8 ') of one of the surface body (12) each in the middle between the parallel branches of the meandering contact path (8) of the other surface body ( 11) runs.
EP94901895A 1992-12-03 1993-11-26 Switching pad or plate Expired - Lifetime EP0625283B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4240622 1992-12-03
DE4240622A DE4240622C2 (en) 1992-12-03 1992-12-03 Safety mat or circuit board
PCT/EP1993/003329 WO1994012996A1 (en) 1992-12-03 1993-11-26 Switching pad or plate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0625283A1 true EP0625283A1 (en) 1994-11-23
EP0625283B1 EP0625283B1 (en) 1996-10-30

Family

ID=6474265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94901895A Expired - Lifetime EP0625283B1 (en) 1992-12-03 1993-11-26 Switching pad or plate

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5512716A (en)
EP (1) EP0625283B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07503575A (en)
KR (1) KR950700599A (en)
AT (1) ATE144858T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4240622C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2094041T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1994012996A1 (en)

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DE19604128C1 (en) * 1996-02-06 1997-08-07 Mayser Gmbh & Co Circuit arrangement with two contact surfaces e.g. for switch- mat or switch-plate
GB2331627B (en) * 1997-11-22 2001-09-12 Draftex Ind Ltd Force-responsive detectors and systems
DE10110643C1 (en) * 2001-03-06 2002-04-25 Andre Haake Safety switch rail has contact between adjacent contact elements broken by deformation of switch rail by external force
JP4545635B2 (en) * 2005-05-06 2010-09-15 株式会社アイデル Film switch
US9234979B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2016-01-12 Magna Closures Inc. Wide activation angle pinch sensor section
US8493081B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2013-07-23 Magna Closures Inc. Wide activation angle pinch sensor section and sensor hook-on attachment principle
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59304362D1 (en) 1996-12-05
DE4240622A1 (en) 1994-06-09
KR950700599A (en) 1995-01-16
DE4240622C2 (en) 1995-12-14
ES2094041T3 (en) 1997-01-01
ATE144858T1 (en) 1996-11-15
US5512716A (en) 1996-04-30
WO1994012996A1 (en) 1994-06-09
EP0625283B1 (en) 1996-10-30
JPH07503575A (en) 1995-04-13

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