Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2/60—Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
  • A61F2/66—Feet; Ankle joints
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2/68—Operating or control means
  • A61F2/74—Operating or control means fluid, i.e. hydraulic or pneumatic
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2/76—Means for assembling, fitting or testing prostheses, e.g. for measuring or balancing, e.g. alignment means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
  • A61F2/30—Joints
  • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
  • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
  • A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
  • A61F2002/30112—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
  • A61F2002/30131—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners horseshoe- or crescent- or C-shaped or U-shaped
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
  • A61F2/30—Joints
  • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
  • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
  • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
  • A61F2002/30433—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2002/5003—Prostheses not implantable in the body having damping means, e.g. shock absorbers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2002/5007—Prostheses not implantable in the body having elastic means different from springs, e.g. including an elastomeric insert
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2/5044—Designing or manufacturing processes
  • A61F2002/5055—Reinforcing prostheses by embedding particles or fibres during moulding or dipping, e.g. carbon fibre composites
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2002/5072—Prostheses not implantable in the body having spring elements
  • A61F2002/5073—Helical springs, e.g. having at least one helical spring
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2/60—Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
  • A61F2/66—Feet; Ankle joints
  • A61F2002/6614—Feet
  • A61F2002/6657—Feet having a plate-like or strip-like spring element, e.g. an energy-storing cantilever spring keel
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2/60—Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
  • A61F2/66—Feet; Ankle joints
  • A61F2002/6614—Feet
  • A61F2002/6657—Feet having a plate-like or strip-like spring element, e.g. an energy-storing cantilever spring keel
  • A61F2002/6671—C-shaped
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
  • A61F2/60—Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
  • A61F2/66—Feet; Ankle joints
  • A61F2002/6614—Feet
  • A61F2002/6657—Feet having a plate-like or strip-like spring element, e.g. an energy-storing cantilever spring keel
  • A61F2002/6685—S-shaped
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
  • A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
  • A61F2220/0041—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels or rivets, e.g. connecting screws
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
  • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
  • A61F2230/0004—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
  • A61F2230/0013—Horseshoe-shaped, e.g. crescent-shaped, C-shaped, U-shaped

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a foot prosthesis made of composite material.
• Prostheses made of composite material make it possible to obtain flexibility without appreciable dissipation of energy, so that the prosthesis restores the energy which led to its bending when the stress ceases.
• the composite prosthesis tightens and locks, then the load is reduced and, when the foot leaves the step, the prosthesis restores the energy which was supplied to it, thus facilitating the recovery of the body for the next step.
• the object of the present invention is to propose a prosthesis of a composite material which overcomes the drawbacks of the prostheses set out above.
• the invention relates to a prosthetic foot made of composite material, comprising on the one hand a "C" shaped heel, intended to serve as a rear support for the prosthesis on the ground, the opening of the "C “being directed towards the rear of the prosthesis, and on the other hand a spatula comprising a front part and a rear part, the front part of the spatula being intended to serve as a front support of the prosthesis against the ground, the heel being arranged below the rear part of the spatula.
• the heel may include an upper arm and a lower arm, both of substantially planar and parallel shapes.
• the lower arm of the heel may be longer than the upper arm.
• the spatula may have the shape of a stretched "S", comprising a front part, a rear part and an intermediate part having a zone of inflection of the curvature, the front part of the spatula being able to comprise a surface substantially flat lower.
• the tip and / or the heel may include a plurality of layers of carbon fibers, glass or aramid.
• At least part of the layers of fibers of the spatula can be truncated at the front, so as to constitute a gradation of the thickness of the spatula.
• All of the fiber layers of the tip and / or all of the fiber layers of the heel can be respectively covered with at least one layer of woven material and then be impregnated and shaped.
• the prosthesis can be arranged so that its attachment to the tibia is effected by means of a fastening element passing through the upper arm of the heel and the rear part of the spatula and fixed in a connection device mounted on a tibia. .
• the prosthesis may include an element placed on the upper surface of the rear part of the spatula and intended to serve as a base for fixing the prosthesis on the connecting element mounted on the tibia.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of three quarters before a schematic example of a prosthetic foot according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a side view of the prosthesis of Figure 1 covered with a cosmetic coating
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the design of the spatula of the prosthesis of Figure 1 in progress;
• FIG. 4 is a side view of a schematic example of prosthesis according to the invention comprising a shock absorber device of a first type
• FIG. 5 is a side view of a schematic example of prosthesis according to the invention comprising a cushioning device of a second type;
• FIG. 6 is a side view of a schematic example of prosthesis according to the invention comprising a shock absorber device of a third type.
• the frame shown in Figure 1 includes a spatu ⁇ 1, a heel 2 and a plate 3 serving as a base for fixing the prosthesis to an artificial tibia.
• the spatula 1 and the heel 2 are made separately from composite material, then are assembled using a screw 4 when the prosthesis is fixed to the artificial tibia, the screw 4 passing through the upper arm 7 of the heel, the part rear 11 of the spatula, then the base plate 3 and being screwed into a connecting device, known per se, fixed on the tibia.
• the profile of the spatula recalls the shape of a stretched "S", comprising a front support part 10, constituting the spatula proper, and a rear part 11 , substantially planar, of smaller dimensions than those of the front part, the intermediate part 13 connecting the front and rear parts having a zone of inflection of the curvature of the spatula.
• the front support part 10 of the spatula has a substantially planar lower surface 12.
• Spatula 1 has a plurality of layers of fibers carbon, glass fibers or aramid fibers arranged lengthwise and / or widthwise depending on the degree of flexibility desired. Each layer, with a thickness of about 0.5 millimeters, is cut to the shape of the foot. The front part of the upper layers is truncated in an upward gradient, so as to gradually decrease the thickness of the spatula between its front end and its rear end, as shown in Figure 3. The assembly is then covered with a or several layers of woven materials, for example tres ⁇ its carbon fibers or any other suitable fiber, such as glass or aramid fibers. The percentage of each kind of fibers and the direction of these fibers determine the different models of prostheses according to the weight and the level of activity of the patient.
• the percentage of glass fibers will be increased to increase the flexibility of the prosthesis or, on the contrary, the percentage of carbon fibers will be increased to reduce said flexibility.
• the assembly obtained is then treated by the RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) molding process, a process known per se, so as to impregnate the assembly with epoxy resin by injection into a closed mold, while giving it the desired shape. .
• the assembly is then cut at its ends according to the desired size and shape.
• the heel 2 has the shape of a "C" whose opening 5 is directed towards the rear of the prosthesis. It is arranged below the rear part 11 of the spatula. According to a preferred embodiment, the two arms of the C are of planar and parallel shape, the lower arm 6 being substantially longer than the upper arm 7.
• the heel can be produced according to the same process as the spatula, the only difference is that the fiber layers all have the same surface, that is to say that a thickness gradient is not necessarily provided.
• a circular hole 8 for handling the screw 4 is provided in the lower arm 6 of the heel. This hole is arranged so that its center coincides with the axis 9 of the screw 4.
• the fixing base 3 can for example be machined in a glass fiber / epoxy plate with a thickness of the order of four millimeters or molded in glass-carbon / epoxy. It can be attached to the upper rear end of the spatula by gluing, for example using an epoxy resin.
• the "S" shape of the spatula is particularly well suited for placing the foot on a stair step.
• the "S" shape presents a curve and a counter-curve allowing an optimal restitution of the energy supplied to the prosthesis when the foot is pressed on the step. This restitution is done in a way in two places thanks to the double curve.
• the reduction in the thickness of the spatula towards the front of the latter allows good flexibility of the forefoot when the foot is flexed.
• the implementation of several preformed curves has the advantage of printing both a bending in accentuation of the curve and a bending fighting against the curve.
• connection zone between the heel 1 and the tip 2 does not deform and there is consequently no relative movement between the heel and the tip in this area, therefore no friction, which prevents squeaking while walking.
• the very limited number of elements making up the prosthesis has two immediately perceptible advantages. Firstly, there is a simplicity of manufacture, assembly and maintenance, and secondly, the extreme reliability of the assembly. The manufacturing technique used, as well as the simplicity of the shapes of the elements, allow industrial production and consequently a substantial reduction in manufacturing costs. Finally, and this is undoubtedly the most important, by using only a limited number of parts of simple shapes and by using only a relatively simple manufacturing technology, the prosthesis according to the invention offers truly versatile characteristics of use, expressed in perfect harmony with each other, thanks precisely to the combination of simple and intimately complementary lines that fully enhance the inherent performance of the materials used.
• the prosthesis which has been described above can be used as it is, without coating, as shown in Figure 1, or provided with a cosmetic coating 15, as shown in Figure 2. Thanks to the simplicity of the shapes of its elements , the prosthesis of the invention can be very easily dressed and allows an almost perfect reconstruction of a foot, in particular thanks to the narrowness of the prosthesis at the ankle.
• a filling foam 16 can be arranged in the volume limited on the one hand by the intermediate part 13 of the spatula and on the other hand by the bent part of the heel 2.
• a filling foam can also be provided in the interior volume of the heel defined by its two arms 6 and 7.
• a shock absorbing device adjustable or not, can be inserted into the heel of the prosthesis so as to allow progressive attack on the heel.
• This shock absorbing device can for example comprise an independent base support plate connected to the heel by a shock absorbing element.
• the shock absorbing device comprises a base support plate 41 disposed below the lower arm 6 of the heel and integral with a shock absorbing cylinder 42, for example made of polyurethane, mounted under the upper arm 7 of the heel.
• the damping device comprises a base support plate 51 similar to the plate 41 and arranged in a similar manner.
• the plate 51 is connected to a damping element 52 secured to the upper arm 7 of the heel and comprising a spring 53.
• the damping device comprises a base support plate 61 disposed below the lower arm 6 of the heel and mounted in articulation 62 at the front part of said lower arm 6.
• the plate 61 acts against a hydraulic shock absorber 64 secured to the lower arm 6 of the heel.
• This damper can be adjustable via an adjustment device 65.
• a compensation foam can be placed under the base support plate 41, 51, 61 to compensate for the irregularities of the cosmetic coating.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Transplantation (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Cardiology (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Prostheses (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 1993
  • 1993-11-05 CA CA002127691A patent/CA2127691A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-11-05 EP EP93923999A patent/EP0625033A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1993-11-05 WO PCT/CH1993/000254 patent/WO1994010942A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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