EP0613817A1 - Ship propulsion unit with a propeller placed underneath the hull bottom, which is preferably totally flat, or just in the area of the propulsion unit - Google Patents

Ship propulsion unit with a propeller placed underneath the hull bottom, which is preferably totally flat, or just in the area of the propulsion unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0613817A1
EP0613817A1 EP94102988A EP94102988A EP0613817A1 EP 0613817 A1 EP0613817 A1 EP 0613817A1 EP 94102988 A EP94102988 A EP 94102988A EP 94102988 A EP94102988 A EP 94102988A EP 0613817 A1 EP0613817 A1 EP 0613817A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
propulsion system
ship propulsion
ship
propeller
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Granted
Application number
EP94102988A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0613817B1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Heer
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Schottel GmbH and Co KG
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Schottel GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0613817A1 publication Critical patent/EP0613817A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B17/0018—Arrangements or devices specially adapted for facilitating access to underwater elements, e.g. to propellers ; Externally attached cofferdams or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/42—Steering or dynamic anchoring by propulsive elements; Steering or dynamic anchoring by propellers used therefor only; Steering or dynamic anchoring by rudders carrying propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/42—Steering or dynamic anchoring by propulsive elements; Steering or dynamic anchoring by propellers used therefor only; Steering or dynamic anchoring by rudders carrying propellers
    • B63H2025/425—Propulsive elements, other than jets, substantially used for steering or dynamic anchoring only, with means for retracting, or otherwise moving to a rest position outside the water flow around the hull

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a ship propulsion system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is based on a ship propulsion system that includes a rudder propeller.
  • propulsion systems are generally assigned to watercraft that are intended for traffic even in shallow water.
  • Such watercraft have a flat bottom, at least in part, and a vertical drive shaft train is passed through this floor, sealed against water, which connects the motor housed inside the ship to the propeller below the ship's bottom and outside the watercraft. Rotating around its horizontal axis, the propeller propels the watercraft.
  • the ability to run in shallow water is now limited when the propeller is below of the ship's floor. In such cases, the propeller can therefore be moved into a shaft integrated into the ship's contour. If the watercraft comes into correspondingly shallow water, the propeller is raised into the shaft to such an extent that it comes behind the level in which the ship's floor is located. Although the watercraft can no longer be directed using the propeller, it can still drive with other means in an area where it would otherwise not be able to get because the water depth is too shallow.
  • the problem was solely a problem of shipping traffic.
  • the watercraft should enter very shallow water and be able to be moved there temporarily, for example in order to be loaded or unloaded as close as possible to the shore.
  • the invention addresses the problem in a completely different aspect. She wants to further develop a watercraft, the drive of which is designed as required, so that repairs can be carried out on the underwater part of the drive with as little effort as possible. With the previous watercraft, the need for a repair on the outboard part of the drive always resulted in the vehicle being brought ashore or into a dock or was this a prerequisite for a repair if one did not want to remove the entire drive, which in turn included was associated with a considerable effort. This is now changed with the invention in such a way that a considerable part, in particular minor repairs, is possible without the vehicle being brought ashore, into a dock or the drive must be removed when the vehicle remains in the water.
  • the entirety of the invention makes this possible in that when the propeller is pulled up into the shaft, the shaft is sealed off from the water surrounding the watercraft, the water is pumped out of it and the chamber thus emptied can be made accessible to maintenance personnel.
  • the invention which was initially defined more generally with regard to the task, then increasingly more specifically, results from the patent claims.
  • the invention in its more general definition, is a prerequisite for the ultimately defined invention to solve the problem in its entirety, but also results in the solution of several problems, including in particular the protected accommodation of the propeller in its non-use position.
  • the energy generation part that is to say the engine, transmission, etc., is arranged in the interior 2 of the watercraft enclosed by the outer skin 1 and since it can be of any desired type, it is not shown.
  • the vertical drive shaft train 3 leads from the inboard energy generation part to the outboard propeller 4, which can be rotated about its horizontal axis of rotation 5 in order to propel the watercraft.
  • Drive shaft train 3 with vertical longitudinal axis 6 and propeller shaft with horizontal axis of rotation 5 are non-positively connected in a known manner via an angular gear (not shown).
  • the propeller 4 is a rudder propeller and with its help the direction of propulsion of the watercraft is to be determined, which is why it can be pivoted by up to 360 ° about the longitudinal axis 6 of the drive shaft train 3, which in turn is known per se, for which reason the means for this are not shown.
  • the rudder propeller 4 is surrounded by a nozzle 7.
  • a shaft 8, which is a rotationally symmetrical cylinder, is arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 6 of the drive shaft train 3 in the supporting structure of the watercraft. In this shaft 8 the rudder propeller 4 with the nozzle 7 surrounding it is vertically adjustable.
  • the drive shaft train 3 is variable in length or longitudinally adjustable.
  • the rudder propeller 4 with nozzle 7 is located completely within the shaft 8 behind the plane which is determined by the flat, level bottom of the ship's outer skin 1. 1 is the rudder propeller in its non-operating position. In its other end position, the rudder propeller 4 and nozzle 7 are below the aforementioned level, which is determined by the flat, level bottom of the outer skin 1 of the watercraft. In this position according to FIG. 2, the rudder propeller is in its operating position, in which the propulsion of the watercraft and the propulsion direction can be determined with it.
  • the shaft 8 is closed watertight by a cover 9 and the drive shaft assembly 3 is carried out watertight through this cover 9.
  • the rudder propeller 4 is now attached to the nozzle 7 by means of a frame 11 in the lower nozzle area.
  • the plate 10 is assigned to the nozzle 7 so that it is located in the plane already mentioned several times, which is determined by the flat bottom of the outer skin 1 of the watercraft when the rudder propeller 4 is in its inoperative position, that is to say according to FIG. 1 in the shaft 8 is retracted.
  • the lower cover of the shaft formed by the plate 10 protects the rudder propeller from being damaged by coarse flotsam in the retracted state, a danger which does exist when the watercraft is in shallow water.
  • an all-round strand-shaped sealing profile 12 is assigned to the lower edge of the shaft wall.
  • This sealing profile 12 is a hollow profile made of elastic material and with variable internal pressure, the internal pressure can be determined with a pump 13 and a reservoir 14 for hydraulic or pneumatic pressure medium outside the shaft, but inboard so that the optimal, ie complete sealing effect is then given is when the lid 10 is located exactly in the plane of the bottom of the outer skin of the watercraft (Fig.
  • the drainage and ventilation system is activated as part of the further development of the invention.
  • this has a feed pump 15 with which the shaft 8 which is closed by the lower cover 10 is emptied.
  • the water pumped out of the shaft 8 with the pump from the shaft is pumped out into the water surrounding the watercraft.
  • a liquid level switch 17 which on the one hand indicates the complete emptying of the shaft of water and also switches off the pump 15.
  • manhole 18 In the upper manhole cover 9 there is a manhole 18 which is usually closed by a manhole cover 19. If the water is completely pumped out of the closed shaft, personnel can enter the dry shaft 8 for maintenance and inspection work on the underwater part of the drive by removing the manhole cover 19.
  • the shaft for starting up the drive can be filled with water again, the propeller in the shaft lowered and extended out of the shaft to reach the operating position shown in FIG. 2 reach.
  • the shaft can be filled with water using the reversible pump 15 before the propeller moves out of the shaft.
  • a non-reversible suction pump can be used, in which case the shaft 8 is then refilled in a simple manner by releasing the lower shaft end by lowering the lower shaft cover 10 with the propeller 4 and its nozzle 7.
  • the shaft 8 and the parts assigned to it, that is to say in particular the lower cover or the plate 10, can in principle be of any design without this having any effect on the invention. It can be a "well” or “container” as is usually used in the relevant subject area.
  • sealing profile 12 should expediently be arranged in an annular groove 20 which surrounds the lower edge of the shaft and springs back so far relative to the bottom of the outer skin 1 surrounding the shaft 8 that the lower shaft cover 10 in with an optimal sealing effect can lie on the ground level and spring back against the shaft wall to such an extent that the sealing profile 12 does not protrude into the shaft opposite the shaft wall at any time.
  • the annular groove 20 forms a channel which is open towards the plate 10 and has a U-shaped cross section, in which the profile 12 is held under prestress over its entire circumference by a strip 21, the fixing being carried out in the axial hose direction by a foot plate 22 with which the profile on Channel base is supported.
  • This base plate 22 is located between the retaining strip 21 and a neck ring 23, which leads to the actual hose part 24.
  • the surface of the profile facing the plate 10 has a plurality of annular sealing lips 26 one behind the other in the diameter direction.

Abstract

The propeller (5) can be retracted behind the plane of the hull bottom into a shaft (8). When the propeller (4) is retracted into it, the shaft (8) can be closed lid-like in the plane of the hull bottom (1) by a plate (10). The shaft (8) can preferably be closed water-tight by the plate (10), the water trapped in the closed shaft can preferably be pumped out, and the shaft (8) pumped empty is preferably accessible through a manhole (18) in a top shaft cover (9) for inspection and maintenance work at the propeller (4), the manhole in turn being closable by a cover (19). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung geht von einer Schiffsantriebsanlage gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 1 aus.The invention is based on a ship propulsion system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Im engeren Sinn geht die Erfindung von einer Schiffsantriebsanlage aus, die einen Ruderpropeller einschließt. Solche Antriebsanlagen werden im allgemeinen Wasserfahrzeugen zugeordnet, die zum Verkehr auch im flachen Wasser bestimmt sind. Solche Wasserfahrzeuge haben einen zumindest in Teilen flachen Boden und durch diesen Boden ist gegen Wasser abgedichtet ein vertikaler Antriebswellenstrang hindurchgeführt, der den im Schiffsinneren untergebrachten Motor mit dem Propeller unterhalb des Schiffsbodens und außerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs verbindet. Im Drehen um seine horizontale Achse bewirkt der Propeller den Vortrieb des Wasserfahrzeugs. Damit es sich um einen Ruderpropeller handelt, ist er nicht nur um seine horizontale Achse drehbar, sondern um die Längsachse des Antriebswellenstranges schwenkbar, um durch Schwenken um diese Längsachse die Fahrtrichtung des Wasserfahrzeugs verändern bzw. neu bestimmen zu können.In a narrower sense, the invention is based on a ship propulsion system that includes a rudder propeller. Such propulsion systems are generally assigned to watercraft that are intended for traffic even in shallow water. Such watercraft have a flat bottom, at least in part, and a vertical drive shaft train is passed through this floor, sealed against water, which connects the motor housed inside the ship to the propeller below the ship's bottom and outside the watercraft. Rotating around its horizontal axis, the propeller propels the watercraft. So that it is a rudder propeller, it is not only rotatable about its horizontal axis, but can also be pivoted about the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft train in order to be able to change or redetermine the direction of travel of the watercraft by pivoting about this longitudinal axis.

Die Möglichkeit, auch im flachen Wasser verkehren zu können ist nun beschränkt, wenn sich der Propeller unterhalb des Schiffsbodens befindet. Für solche Fälle ist deshalb der Propeller in einen in die Schiffskontur integrierten Schacht einfahrbar. Kommt das Wasserfahrzeug in entsprechend flaches Wasser, so wird der Propeller in den Schacht so weit hochgefahren, daß er hinter die Ebene kommt, in der sich der Schiffsboden befindet. Das Wasserfahrzeug kann nun zwar nicht mehr mittels des Propellers gerichtet gefahren werden, aber immerhin mit anderen Mitteln in einem Bereich noch fahren, in den es sonst nicht gelangen könnte, weil die Wassertiefe zu gering ist.The ability to run in shallow water is now limited when the propeller is below of the ship's floor. In such cases, the propeller can therefore be moved into a shaft integrated into the ship's contour. If the watercraft comes into correspondingly shallow water, the propeller is raised into the shaft to such an extent that it comes behind the level in which the ship's floor is located. Although the watercraft can no longer be directed using the propeller, it can still drive with other means in an area where it would otherwise not be able to get because the water depth is too shallow.

Die Problematik war bisher, wie beschrieben, allein eine Problematik des Schiffsverkehrs. Das Wasserfahrzeug sollte in sehr flaches Wasser einfahren und dort behelfsmäßig bewegt werden können, beispielsweise um in geringstmöglicher Entfernung vom Ufer be- oder entladen zu werden.As previously described, the problem was solely a problem of shipping traffic. The watercraft should enter very shallow water and be able to be moved there temporarily, for example in order to be loaded or unloaded as close as possible to the shore.

Die Erfindung greift die Problematik unter einem völlig anderen Aspekt auf. Sie will ein Wasserfahrzeug, dessen Antrieb voraussetzungsgemäß ausgebildet ist, so weiter ausbilden, daß mit möglichst geringem Aufwand am Unterwasserteil des Antriebs Reparaturen ausgeführt werden können. Bei den bisherigen Wasserfahrzeugen hatte die Notwendigkeit einer Reparatur am außenbords befindlichen Teil des Antriebs stets die Verbringung des Fahrzeuges an Land bzw. in ein Dock zur Folge bzw. war dies Voraussetzung für eine Reparatur, wenn man nicht den ganzen Antrieb ausbauen wollte, was wiederum mit einem erheblichen Aufwand Verbunden war. Dies wird nun mit der Erfindung dahingehend geändert, daß ein erheblicher Teil insbesondere kleinerer Reparaturen möglich ist, ohne daß das Fahrzeug an Land, in ein Dock verbracht werden oder der Antrieb bei im Wasser verbleibendem Fahrzeug ausgebaut werden muß. Die Gesamtheit der Erfindung macht das möglich, indem bei in den Schacht hochgezogenem Propeller der Schacht zu einer gegen das das Wasserfahrzeug umgebende Wasser herum abgeschottet, das Wasser aus ihm abgepumpt und die so wasserleer gemachte Kammer für Wartungspersonal zugänglich gemacht werden kann.The invention addresses the problem in a completely different aspect. She wants to further develop a watercraft, the drive of which is designed as required, so that repairs can be carried out on the underwater part of the drive with as little effort as possible. With the previous watercraft, the need for a repair on the outboard part of the drive always resulted in the vehicle being brought ashore or into a dock or was this a prerequisite for a repair if one did not want to remove the entire drive, which in turn included was associated with a considerable effort. This is now changed with the invention in such a way that a considerable part, in particular minor repairs, is possible without the vehicle being brought ashore, into a dock or the drive must be removed when the vehicle remains in the water. The entirety of the invention makes this possible in that when the propeller is pulled up into the shaft, the shaft is sealed off from the water surrounding the watercraft, the water is pumped out of it and the chamber thus emptied can be made accessible to maintenance personnel.

Die im Hinblick auf die Aufgabe zunächst eher allgemein, dann zunehmend spezieller definierte Erfindung ergibt sich aus den Patentansprüchen. Die Erfindung in der eher generellen Definition ist Voraussetzung für die letztendlich definierte Erfindung zur Lösung der Aufgabe in ihrer Gesamtheit, hat aber auch selbst die Lösung mehrerer Probleme zur Folge, wozu insbesondere die geschützte Unterbringung des Propellers in seiner Nichtgebrauchsstellung gehört.The invention, which was initially defined more generally with regard to the task, then increasingly more specifically, results from the patent claims. The invention, in its more general definition, is a prerequisite for the ultimately defined invention to solve the problem in its entirety, but also results in the solution of several problems, including in particular the protected accommodation of the propeller in its non-use position.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, in der zeigen in schematischer Darstellung

Fig. 1
den in einen Schacht eingefahrenen Propeller in seiner Nichtgebrauchsstellung,
Fig. 2
die Anlage gemäß Fig. 1 in der Gebrauchsstellung des Propellers,
Fig. 3
die Anlage gemäß Fig. 1,2 in größerer Darstellung und in der Propellerstellung gemäß Fig. 1 und
Fig. 4
die Einzelheit X in Fig. 3 in größerer Darstellung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which show a schematic illustration
Fig. 1
the propeller retracted into a shaft in its non-use position,
Fig. 2
1 in the use position of the propeller,
Fig. 3
1.2 in a larger representation and in the propeller position according to FIG. 1 and
Fig. 4
the detail X in Fig. 3 in a larger representation.

Der Energiegewinnungsteil, also Motor, Getriebe usw. ist in dem von der Außenhaut 1 umschlossenen Innenraum 2 des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordnet und da er von jeder beliebigen zweckgerichteten Art sein kann, ist er nicht dargestellt. Vom Energiegewinnungsteil innenbords führt der vertikale Antriebswellenstrang 3 zu dem außenbords angeordneten Propeller 4, der um seine horizontale Drehachse 5 drehbar ist, um den Vortrieb des Wasserfahrzeugs zu bewirken. Antriebswellenstrang 3 mit vertikaler Längsachse 6 und Propellerwelle mit horizontaler Drehachse 5 sind in bekannter Weise über ein Winkelgetriebe (nicht dargestellt) kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden. Der Propeller 4 ist ein Ruderpropeller und mit seiner Hilfe soll die Vortriebsrichtung des Wasserfahrzeugs bestimmt werden, weshalb er um bis zu 360° um die Längsachse 6 des Antriebswellenstranges 3 schwenkbar ist, was wiederum an sich bekannt ist, weshalb die Mittel hierzu nicht dargestellt sind. Der Ruderpropeller 4 ist von einer Düse 7 umgeben. Konzentrisch zur Längsachse 6 des Antriebswellenstranges 3 ist in die tragende Konstruktion des Wasserfahrzeuges ein Schacht 8 angeordnet, der ein rotationssymmetrischer Zylinder ist. In diesem Schacht 8 ist der Ruderpropeller 4 mit der ihn umgebenden Düse 7 vertikal verstellbar. Der Antriebswellenstrang 3 ist hierzu längenveränderbar oder längsverstellbar. In der einen Endstellung befindet sich der Ruderpropeller 4 mit Düse 7 vollständig innerhalb des Schachtes 8 hinter der Ebene, die durch den flachen, ebenen Boden der Schiffsaußenhaut 1 bestimmt ist. In dieser Stellung gemäß Fig. 1 befindet sich der Ruderpropeller in seiner Nichtbetriebsstellung. In seiner anderen Endstellung befinden sich Ruderpropeller 4 und Düse 7 unterhalb der vorgenannten Ebene, die durch den flachen, ebenen Boden der Außenhaut 1 des Wasserfahrzeugs bestimmt ist. In dieser Stellung gemäß Fig. 2 befindet sich der Ruderpropeller in seiner Betriebsstellung, in der mit ihm der Vortrieb des Wasserfahrzeugs und die Vortriebsrichtung bestimmt werden können.The energy generation part, that is to say the engine, transmission, etc., is arranged in the interior 2 of the watercraft enclosed by the outer skin 1 and since it can be of any desired type, it is not shown. The vertical drive shaft train 3 leads from the inboard energy generation part to the outboard propeller 4, which can be rotated about its horizontal axis of rotation 5 in order to propel the watercraft. Drive shaft train 3 with vertical longitudinal axis 6 and propeller shaft with horizontal axis of rotation 5 are non-positively connected in a known manner via an angular gear (not shown). The propeller 4 is a rudder propeller and with its help the direction of propulsion of the watercraft is to be determined, which is why it can be pivoted by up to 360 ° about the longitudinal axis 6 of the drive shaft train 3, which in turn is known per se, for which reason the means for this are not shown. The rudder propeller 4 is surrounded by a nozzle 7. A shaft 8, which is a rotationally symmetrical cylinder, is arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 6 of the drive shaft train 3 in the supporting structure of the watercraft. In this shaft 8 the rudder propeller 4 with the nozzle 7 surrounding it is vertically adjustable. For this purpose, the drive shaft train 3 is variable in length or longitudinally adjustable. In one end position, the rudder propeller 4 with nozzle 7 is located completely within the shaft 8 behind the plane which is determined by the flat, level bottom of the ship's outer skin 1. 1 is the rudder propeller in its non-operating position. In its other end position, the rudder propeller 4 and nozzle 7 are below the aforementioned level, which is determined by the flat, level bottom of the outer skin 1 of the watercraft. In this position according to FIG. 2, the rudder propeller is in its operating position, in which the propulsion of the watercraft and the propulsion direction can be determined with it.

Am oberen Ende ist der Schacht 8 durch einen Deckel 9 wasserdicht verschlossen und die Durchführung des Antriebswellenstranges 3 durch diesen Deckel 9 erfolgt wasserdicht.At the upper end, the shaft 8 is closed watertight by a cover 9 and the drive shaft assembly 3 is carried out watertight through this cover 9.

Insoweit handelt es sich um eine konventionelle Anlage. Erfindungsgemäß ist nun dem Ruderpropeller 4 eine starre, ebene Platte 10 mittels eines Gerüstes 11 im unteren Düsenbereich an der Düse 7 befestigt ist. Die Platte 10 ist der Düse 7 so zugeordnet, daß sie sich in der schon mehrfach erwähnten Ebene befindet, die durch den flachen Boden der Außenhaut 1 des Wasserfahrzeugs bestimmt ist, wenn sich der Ruderpropeller 4 in seiner Außerbetriebsstellung befindet, also gemäß Fig. 1 in den Schacht 8 eingefahren ist. In dieser Ausgestaltung schützt der von der Platte 10 gebildete untere Deckel des Schachtes, daß der Ruderpropeller im eingefahrenen Zustand durch grobes Treibgut beschädigt wird, einer Gefahr, die durchaus besteht, wenn das Wasserfahrzeug sich im flachen Wasser befindet.In this respect, it is a conventional system. According to the invention, the rudder propeller 4 is now attached to the nozzle 7 by means of a frame 11 in the lower nozzle area. The plate 10 is assigned to the nozzle 7 so that it is located in the plane already mentioned several times, which is determined by the flat bottom of the outer skin 1 of the watercraft when the rudder propeller 4 is in its inoperative position, that is to say according to FIG. 1 in the shaft 8 is retracted. In this embodiment, the lower cover of the shaft formed by the plate 10 protects the rudder propeller from being damaged by coarse flotsam in the retracted state, a danger which does exist when the watercraft is in shallow water.

Da sich das Wasserfahrzeug auch in flachem Wasser durchaus mit einer Geschwindigkeit bewegen kann, bei der eine Wirbelbildung im Ringspalt zwischen Deckel 10 und unterem Schachtrand störend ist, besonders wenn dieser Ringspalt aus verständlichen Gründen schmal gehalten wird, soll er in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung verschließbar sein. Hierzu ist dem unteren Rand der Schachtwand ein ringsumlaufendes strangförmiges Dichtungsprofil 12 zugeordnet. Dieses Dichtungsprofil 12 ist ein Hohlprofil aus elastischem Werkstoff und mit veränderbarem Innendruck, wobei der Innendruck mit einer Pumpe 13 und einem Speicher 14 für hydrauliches oder pneumatisches Druckmittel außerhalb des Schachtes, aber innenbords so bestimmt werden kann, daß die optimale, d.h. vollständige Dichtwirkung dann gegeben ist, wenn sich der Deckel 10 genau in der Ebene des Bodens der Außenhaut des Wasserfahrzeugs befindet (Fig. 1,3) und an der Dichtung 12 anliegt und diese angemessen komprimiert. Hiermit ist nun ein verwirbelungsarmer Abschluß des Schachtes 8 mit dem hinter der Platte bzw. dem unteren Schachtdeckel 10 liegenden Propeller 4 durch die Platte bzw. den unteren Schachtdeckel 10 gegen das Umgebungswasser gegeben.Because even in shallow water the watercraft can move at a speed at which one Vortex formation in the annular gap between cover 10 and the lower edge of the shaft is disruptive, especially if this annular gap is kept narrow for understandable reasons, it should be closable in a further embodiment of the invention. For this purpose, an all-round strand-shaped sealing profile 12 is assigned to the lower edge of the shaft wall. This sealing profile 12 is a hollow profile made of elastic material and with variable internal pressure, the internal pressure can be determined with a pump 13 and a reservoir 14 for hydraulic or pneumatic pressure medium outside the shaft, but inboard so that the optimal, ie complete sealing effect is then given is when the lid 10 is located exactly in the plane of the bottom of the outer skin of the watercraft (Fig. 1.3) and abuts the seal 12 and compresses it appropriately. This now provides a low-turbulence closure of the shaft 8 with the propeller 4 located behind the plate or the lower manhole cover 10 through the plate or the lower manhole cover 10 against the ambient water.

Ist dieser Zustand erreicht, so wird im Rahmen der weiteren Ausbildung der Erfindung das Entwässerungs- und Belüftungssystem aktiviert. Dieses weist einerseits eine Förderpumpe 15 auf, mit dem das in dem durch den unteren Deckel 10 verschlossene Schacht 8 entleert wird. Das aus dem Schacht 8 mit der Pumpe aus dem Schacht gepumpte Wasser wird nach außen in das das Wasserfahrzeug umgebende Wasser gepumpt. In dem Maße, wie Wasser aus dem Schacht 8 abgepumpt wird, strömt durch ein Rückschlagventil 16 Luft in den Schacht ein. Im Bereich des unteren Schachtendes befindet sich ein Flüssigkeitsniveauschalter 17, der einerseits das völlige Entleeren des Schachtes von Wasser anzeigt und außerdem die Pumpe 15 abschaltet.If this state is reached, the drainage and ventilation system is activated as part of the further development of the invention. On the one hand, this has a feed pump 15 with which the shaft 8 which is closed by the lower cover 10 is emptied. The water pumped out of the shaft 8 with the pump from the shaft is pumped out into the water surrounding the watercraft. To the extent that water is pumped out of the shaft 8, air flows into the shaft through a check valve 16. In the area of the lower shaft end there is a liquid level switch 17 which on the one hand indicates the complete emptying of the shaft of water and also switches off the pump 15.

Im oberen Schachtdeckel 9 befindet sich ein Mannloch 18, das üblicherweise von einem Mannlochdeckel 19 verschlossen ist. Ist aus dem verschlossenen Schacht das Wasser vollständig abgepumpt, so kann durch Abnehmen des Mannlochdeckels 19 der trockengelegte Schacht 8 für Wartungsund Inspektionsarbeiten am Unterwasserteil des Antriebes durch Personal betreten werden.In the upper manhole cover 9 there is a manhole 18 which is usually closed by a manhole cover 19. If the water is completely pumped out of the closed shaft, personnel can enter the dry shaft 8 for maintenance and inspection work on the underwater part of the drive by removing the manhole cover 19.

In entsprechender Weise, was deshalb im einzelnen nicht beschrieben werden muß, kann der Schacht für die Inbetriebnahme des Antriebes wieder mit Wasser befüllt werden, der Propeller im Schacht nach unten abgesenkt und aus dem Schacht ausgefahren werden, um in die Betriebsstellung gemäß Fig. 2 zu gelangen. Das Befüllen des Schachtes mit Wasser kann vor dem Ausfahren des Propellers aus dem Schacht mit der reversierbaren Pumpe 15 bewirkt werden. Es kann jedoch eine nicht reversierbare Saugpumpe verwendet werden, wobei dann das Wiederbefüllen des Schachtes 8 in einfacher Weise durch Freigabe des unteren Schachtendes durch Absenken des unteren Schachtdeckels 10 mit dem Propeller 4 und dessen Düse 7 erfolgt.In a corresponding manner, which therefore does not need to be described in detail, the shaft for starting up the drive can be filled with water again, the propeller in the shaft lowered and extended out of the shaft to reach the operating position shown in FIG. 2 reach. The shaft can be filled with water using the reversible pump 15 before the propeller moves out of the shaft. However, a non-reversible suction pump can be used, in which case the shaft 8 is then refilled in a simple manner by releasing the lower shaft end by lowering the lower shaft cover 10 with the propeller 4 and its nozzle 7.

Der Schacht 8 und die ihm zugeordneten Teile, also insbesondere der untere Deckel bzw. die Platte 10 kann im Prinzip beliebig ausgebildet sein, ohne daß dies einen Einfluß auf die Erfindung hätte. Es kann sich um einen "Brunnen" oder "Container" handeln, wie sie auf dem hier relevanten Sachgebiet üblicherweise zur Anwendung kommen.The shaft 8 and the parts assigned to it, that is to say in particular the lower cover or the plate 10, can in principle be of any design without this having any effect on the invention. It can be a "well" or "container" as is usually used in the relevant subject area.

Darauf hingewiesen soll noch werden, daß das Dichtungsprofil 12 zweckmäßigerweise in einer Ringnut 20 angeordnet sein sollte, die den unteren Schachtrand umgibt und gegenüber dem den Schacht 8 umgebenden Boden der Außenhaut 1 so weit nach hinten zurückspringt, daß bei optimaler Dichtwirkung der untere Schachtdeckel 10 in der Bodenebene liegen kann und gegenüber der Schachtwand soweit zurückspringt, daß das Dichtungsprofil 12 zu keiner Zeit in den Schacht gegenüber der Schachtwand vorsteht.It should also be pointed out that the sealing profile 12 should expediently be arranged in an annular groove 20 which surrounds the lower edge of the shaft and springs back so far relative to the bottom of the outer skin 1 surrounding the shaft 8 that the lower shaft cover 10 in with an optimal sealing effect can lie on the ground level and spring back against the shaft wall to such an extent that the sealing profile 12 does not protrude into the shaft opposite the shaft wall at any time.

Es soll auch noch auf die Möglichkeit der Ausbildung des einen in sich geschlossenen ringförmigen Schlauch bildenden Dichtungsprofils 12 und der dieses Dichtungsprofil 12 aufnehmenden Ringnut 20 gemäß Fig. 4 hingewiesen werden, den in Fig. 3 mit x gekennzeichneten Bereich. Die Ringnut 20 bildet eine zur Platte 10 hin offene, im Querschnitt Uförmige Rinne, in der das Profil 12 auf seinem ganzen Umfang durch eine Leiste 21 unter Vorspannung gehalten, wobei die Fixierung in axialer Schlauchrichtung durch eine Fußplatte 22 erfolgt, mit der das Profil am Rinnengrund sich abstützt. Diese Fußplatte 22 befindet sich zwischen der Halteleiste 21 und einem Halsring 23, der zum eigentlichen Schlauchteil 24 führt. Angesichts der zu erwartenden Anforderungen an die Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit genügt es, an einer Stelle des Gesamtumfangs das Innere des Schlauchteiles 24 durch den Halsring 23, die Fußplatte 22 und die Halteleiste 21 hindurch an die Pumpe 13 bzw. den Vorratsbehälter 14 für hydraulisches oder pneumatisches Druckmittel anzuschließen, obwohl auf den Gesamtumfang verteilt auch mehrere solcher Durchbrechungen des Dichtungsprofils angeordnet und vor dem Anschluß an die Speisevorrichtung 13,14 an einen Sammelkanal 25 angeschlossen sein können.Attention should also be drawn to the possibility of forming the sealing profile 12 forming a self-contained annular tube and the annular groove 20 receiving this sealing profile 12 according to FIG. 4, the area marked with an x in FIG. 3. The annular groove 20 forms a channel which is open towards the plate 10 and has a U-shaped cross section, in which the profile 12 is held under prestress over its entire circumference by a strip 21, the fixing being carried out in the axial hose direction by a foot plate 22 with which the profile on Channel base is supported. This base plate 22 is located between the retaining strip 21 and a neck ring 23, which leads to the actual hose part 24. In view of the expected requirements for the working speed, it is sufficient to connect the interior of the hose part 24 through the neck ring 23, the base plate 22 and the retaining strip 21 to the pump 13 or the reservoir 14 for hydraulic or pneumatic pressure medium at one point on the entire circumference, although distributed over the entire circumference, several such openings of the sealing profile are also arranged and connected to a collecting duct 25 before connection to the feed device 13, 14 could be.

Die der Platte 10 zugekehrte Fläche des Profils weist mehrere in Durchmesserrichtung hintereinanderliegende ringförmige Dichtlippen 26 auf.The surface of the profile facing the plate 10 has a plurality of annular sealing lips 26 one behind the other in the diameter direction.

Claims (19)

Schiffsantriebsanlage mit einem unter dem vorzugsweise im wesentlichen oder im Bereich der Antriebsanlage ebenen Schiffsboden angeordneten Antriebspropeller, der hinter die Ebene des Schiffsbodens in einen Schacht einfahrbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schacht (8) bei in ihn eingefahrenem Propeller (4) in der Ebene des Schiffsbodens (1) durch eine Platte (10) deckelartig verschließbar ist.Ship propulsion system with a propeller arranged beneath the ship's floor, which is preferably essentially flat or in the area of the propulsion system, which can be moved into a shaft behind the plane of the ship's floor, characterized in that the shaft (8) is in the plane when the propeller (4) is inserted into it of the ship's bottom (1) can be closed like a lid by a plate (10). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schacht (8) durch die Platte (10) wasserdicht verschließbar ist.Ship propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (8) can be closed watertight by the plate (10). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schacht (8) am unteren Rand von einer taschenförmigen Ringnut (20) umgeben ist, die so weit gegenüber der Schachtwand und dem Schiffsboden zurückspringt, daß ein in die Ringnut eingelegtes Dichtungsmittel (12) eine Dichtwirkung ergibt, wenn die Platte in der Ebene des Schiffsbodens liegt und an dem Dichtungsmittel anliegt, ohne daß dieses in den Schacht vorspringt.Ship propulsion system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaft (8) is surrounded at the lower edge by a pocket-shaped annular groove (20) which springs back so far relative to the shaft wall and the ship's bottom that a sealing means (12) inserted into the annular groove a sealing effect results when the plate lies in the plane of the ship's floor and is in contact with the sealant without it protruding into the shaft. Schiffsantriebsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platte (10) mit dem Propeller (4) vertikal heb- und senkbar ist.Ship propulsion system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plate (10) with the propeller (4) can be raised and lowered vertically. Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Plate (10) einem der Schiffsantriebsanlage im Bereich des Propellers (4) zugeordneten Bauteil (7) zugeordnet ist, dem der Propeller gegenüber drehbar ist.Ship propulsion system according to claim 4, characterized in that the plate (10) is assigned to a component (7) assigned to the ship propulsion system in the area of the propeller (4), against which the propeller can be rotated. Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platte (10) mit dem Bauteil (7) starr und fest verbunden ist.Ship propulsion system according to claim 5, characterized in that the plate (10) is rigidly and firmly connected to the component (7). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bauteil eine den Propeller (4) umgebende Düse (7) ist.Ship propulsion system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the component is a nozzle (7) surrounding the propeller (4). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dichtungsmittel ein aufblähbarer, ringförmiger Schlauch (12) ist.Ship propulsion system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sealing means is an inflatable, annular hose (12). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlauchdichtung (12) mit einem hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Fluid blähfähig und bei Nichtgebrauch entlüftbar ist.Ship propulsion system according to claim 8, characterized in that the hose seal (12) is expandable with a hydraulic or pneumatic fluid and can be vented when not in use. Schiffsantriebsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, gekennzeichnet durch eine Pumpvorrichtung (15) zum Entleeren des Schachtes (8), nachdem die Platte (10) in die den Schacht deckelförmig verschließende Stellung gebracht worden ist.Ship propulsion system according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized by a pump device (15) for emptying the shaft (8) after the plate (10) has been brought into the position in which the shaft is closed in a lid-like manner. Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schacht (8) nach dem Schiffsinneren hin durch einen festen Deckel (9) verschlossen ist, in dem sich ein verschließbares Mannloch (18) befindet.Ship propulsion system according to claim 10, characterized in that the shaft (8) is closed towards the inside of the ship by a fixed cover (9) in which there is a closable manhole (18). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der durch die Platte (10) verschlossene Schacht (8) über ein Ventil (16) in dem Maße mit Luft befüllt wird, wie Wasser aus dem verschlossenen Schacht abgepumpt wird.Ship propulsion system according to claim 11, characterized in that the shaft (8) closed by the plate (10) is filled with air via a valve (16) to the extent that water is pumped out of the closed shaft. Schiffsantriebsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 11,12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pumpe (15) zum Leerpumpen des Schachtes (8) von einem Sensor (17) im Bereich des unteren Schachtendes gesteuert wird.Ship propulsion system according to one of Claims 11, 12, characterized in that the pump (15) for pumping out the shaft (8) is controlled by a sensor (17) in the region of the lower end of the shaft. Schiffsantriebsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dichtungsmittel (12) ein in sich geschlossener Ring aus einem in sich geschlossenen Hohlkammerprofil (24) ist.Ship propulsion system according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the sealing means (12) is a self-contained ring made of a self-contained hollow chamber profile (24). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hohlkammerprofil (24) mit einer Halteleiste (21) in einer Nut der Schachtwand unter Vorspannung gehalten ist.Ship propulsion system according to claim 14, characterized in that the hollow chamber profile (24) is held under tension in a groove in the shaft wall with a retaining strip (21). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die axiale Festlegung des Hohlkammerprofils (24) mittels einer Fußleiste (22) erfolgt, die am Grund der Ringnut (20) anliegt.Ship propulsion system according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the axial fixing of the hollow chamber profile (24) takes place by means of a baseboard (22) which bears against the base of the annular groove (20). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fußleiste (22) zwischen der Halteleiste (21) und einem Halsring (23) sich befindet, wobei die Fußleiste, die Halsleiste und der Halsring zumindest eine Strömungsmittelverbindung zwischen dem Inneren des Hohlkammerprofils (24) und einer Fluidmittelpumpvorrichtung (13,14) umschließen.Ship propulsion system according to one of claims 14 to 15, characterized in that the skirting board (22) is located between the retaining bar (21) and a neck ring (23), the skirting board, the neck bar and the neck ring at least one fluid connection between the interior of the hollow chamber profile (24) and a fluid pump device (13, 14) enclose. Schiffsantriebsanlage nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei mehreren Strömungsmittelverbindungen diese an einen gemeinsamen Sammelkanal (25) angeschlossen sind, ehe sie an die Fluidmittelpumpvorrichtung (13,14) angeschlossen sind.Ship propulsion system according to Claim 17, characterized in that, in the case of a plurality of fluid connections, these are connected to a common collecting duct (25) before they are connected to the fluid medium pumping device (13, 14). Schiffsantriebsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das als in sich geschlossener Ring aus einem in sich geschlossenen Hohlkammerprofil (24) ausgebildete Dichtungsmittel auf seiner der Platte (10) zugekehrten Fläche mehrere in Durchmesserrichtung konzentrisch hintereinanderliegende ringförmige Dichtlippen (26) aufweist.Ship propulsion system according to one of claims 3 to 18, characterized in that the sealing means formed as a self-contained ring from a self-contained hollow chamber profile (24) has on its surface facing the plate (10) a plurality of annular sealing lips (26) lying one behind the other in the diameter direction .
EP94102988A 1993-03-01 1994-02-28 Ship propulsion unit with a propeller placed underneath the hull bottom, which is preferably totally flat, or just in the area of the propulsion unit Expired - Lifetime EP0613817B1 (en)

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DE4306323A DE4306323A1 (en) 1993-03-01 1993-03-01 Ship propulsion system with a propeller arranged beneath the ship's floor, which is preferably essentially flat or in the area of the propulsion system
DE4306323 1993-03-01

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US (1) US5397255A (en)
EP (1) EP0613817B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06316289A (en)
CN (1) CN1095681A (en)
AT (1) ATE152407T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2116610A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4306323A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0613817T3 (en)
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CA2116610A1 (en) 1994-09-02
DE59402573D1 (en) 1997-06-05
FI940943A0 (en) 1994-02-28
ES2102704T3 (en) 1997-08-01
DE4306323A1 (en) 1994-09-08
DK0613817T3 (en) 1997-07-28
GR3024085T3 (en) 1997-10-31
NO940687L (en) 1994-09-02
NO940687D0 (en) 1994-02-28
JPH06316289A (en) 1994-11-15
EP0613817B1 (en) 1997-05-02
CN1095681A (en) 1994-11-30
ATE152407T1 (en) 1997-05-15
US5397255A (en) 1995-03-14
FI940943A (en) 1994-09-02

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