EP0613159A2 - Switching device for mounting and switching load break switches - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is based on a switching arrangement having a housing (1, 2) for accommodating and for switching load interrupter switches, and having connecting block operation. The invention has the object of structurally and functionally improving such an arrangement. In particular, it is intended to be capable of being used for accommodating and switching load interrupter switches of different construction, and of reducing storage. To this end, it is initially provided according to the invention that two connecting blocks (3) are arranged side by side and parallel to one another in a common housing (1, 2) and that both connecting blocks can be operated, that is to say can be displaced. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a switching arrangement with a housing for accommodating and switching load switches, and with a switching strip actuation (preamble of claim 1). The load switches can be of various types, for example designed as switch disconnectors or as diverter switches. These load switches can be provided with fuses. Different designs are known for this. Versions of such switches are required to be as versatile as possible, and a large number of installation advantages are also required. As far as the known load switches can meet these requirements at all, there is the disadvantage of a large number of device versions for the different applications. This, in turn, requires a considerable amount of extra work in production and especially in warehousing. Another major disadvantage of the prior art switch is that they have only one switching strip and thus only have two switching contacts. This limits the size of the currents to be switched, since otherwise an impermissibly large arcing would occur.

From DE-OS 28 33 497 an electrical low-voltage load switch is known in which a slide carrying contact pieces can be displaced perpendicular to its longitudinal direction in such a way that its contact bridges with fixed contacts attached to the housing either in the "on" switch position or in the " Moved from "switch position.

Compared to the prior art, the object of the invention is to improve structurally and functionally an arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1. In particular, it should be designed in such a way that it can be used for receiving and switching load switches of different designs and thereby avoids the considerable additional effort and the large inventory of the prior art explained above.

The solution to this problem, starting from the above-mentioned preamble of claim 1, is first seen in the fact that two switching strips are arranged next to one another and parallel to one another in a common housing, and that both switching strips are to be actuated, ie moved. The arrangement of two switching strips makes it possible to accommodate different load switches in one and the same housing, which is larger than previously customary housings, and to have them switched by the two switching strips. As a result, the manufacturing effort is significantly reduced. The common housing is dimensioned according to the space requirements of the two safety edges. The result is a modular system in which the user always has housings of the same dimensions, so that he can always configure the same dimensions in his systems to accommodate the switches. One can, for example, switch disconnectors with fuses (so-called Fuse switch) and diverter switch in the same housing and operate with the safety edges mentioned. Thus, with the same switching capacity, the arrangement of a common housing and two switching strips according to the invention can be built considerably more compact than the housing of previously known switches with only one switching strip. If necessary, some individual parts still need to be replaced and switch contacts positioned.

The invention enables another goal to be achieved, namely to be able to double the strength of the current to be switched with a load switch of approximately the same dimensions as in previously known switches provided with only one isolating strip. The features of claim 2 are used for this purpose. Instead of two switching contacts so far, four switching contacts have been provided, with the synchronous actuation of the two switching strips ensuring simultaneous power interruptions. You also have twice the number of switching options. In this way, compared to correspondingly large, previously known switches with only two switch contacts and while maintaining the same size of the arc development, currents can be switched with approximately twice the strength. Preferably, a synchronous and opposite movement of the two switching strips is recommended for this.

The features of claim 5 not only allow easy interchangeability in the case of repairs, but also the possibility of removing a safety edge and, if necessary, to be able to work only with one safety edge.

An advantageous and preferred embodiment of the invention is the subject of claim 6. This achieves the advantage of attaching such an arrangement to a busbar system (see FIG. 5 of the drawing) also for attachment to the central busbar to have free access directly from above, for example to a fastening screw for a claw-like screw fastening. The distance between the two switching strips provided according to claim 6 also makes it possible to accommodate a spring switching mechanism approximately in the middle of this distance (see claim 7 in this regard). You can also provide N contacts in the area between the two safety edges.

A 2 x 4-pole switch is thus created with a small footprint and the possibility of free space to the two safety edges.

If for some reason independence in the actuation of the two switching strips should be desired, this is possible with the features of claim 8.

Fig. 1:

eine Draufsicht auf das Gehäuseunterteil mit den beiden Schaltleisten, Schaltkontakten und Teilen des Schaltwerkes in der Schaltstellung "Aus",

Fig. 2:

einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie II-II in Fig. 1, aber in Schaltstellung "Ein",

Fig. 3:

eine Seitenansicht zu einer Ausführung analog Fig. 1, 2 mit seitlichem Antrieb,

Fig. 4:

eine Variante einer solchen Seitenansicht, mit mittigen Antrieb,

Fig. 5:

eine Draufsicht einer weiteren Ausführung der Erfindung,

Fig. 6:

einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5 (Verbindung Phase L1),

Fig. 7:

einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie VII-VII in Fig. 5 (Verbindung Phase L2),

Fig. 8:

einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 5 (Verbindung Phase L3) und

Fig. 9 bis 9d:

prinzipielle Darstellungen, wie ein und dasselbe Gehäuse, das mit zwei Schaltleisten versehen ist, unterschiedliche Formen von Lastschaltern aufnehmen und schalten kann.

With regard to further features of the invention, reference is expressly made to the further subclaims and also to the content of the following description and the associated drawings of design options according to the invention. This also provides further explanations of the functions and advantages of the invention. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1:

a plan view of the lower housing part with the two switching strips, switching contacts and parts of the switching mechanism in the switching position "off",

Fig. 2:

2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1, but in the switch position "on",

Fig. 3:

2 shows a side view of an embodiment analogous to FIGS. 1, 2 with a lateral drive,

Fig. 4:

a variant of such a side view, with central drive,

Fig. 5:

a plan view of a further embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 6:

a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5 (connection phase L1),

Fig. 7:

a section along the line VII-VII in Fig. 5 (connection phase L2),

Fig. 8:

a section along the line VIII-VIII in Fig. 5 (connection phase L3) and

9 to 9d:

basic representations of how one and the same housing, which is provided with two switching strips, can accommodate and switch different forms of load switches.

The housing, which is frame-like in plan view (see FIG. 1), consists of the lower housing part 1 and an upper housing part 2. In the lower housing part 1, two switching strips 3 are longitudinally displaceable 3'-3 'next to each other and parallel to each other. This shift takes place synchronously and in opposite directions by means of a spring switching mechanism 4 which is common here and whose structure and function will be explained in more detail below. The connection contacts 5 are located in the lower housing part 1. The counter-connection contacts 6 are mounted in the upper housing part 2 and lead, for example, to the network or to the consumer. Depending on their sliding position, the switching strips 3 connect with their switching contacts 7, the connection contacts 5 with the counter-connection contacts 6 or they separate such a connection. This is known from the prior art when using only one safety edge and is therefore not yet here explained in more detail and shown in the drawing. Compared to the aforementioned prior art, however, there is the already mentioned difference that here switching strips with two switching contacts 7 are provided per phase, so that a total of four switching contacts are obtained. The switching contacts 7 are pressed against the connection contacts 5, 6 by means of a pressure spring 8. According to FIG. 1, the mating contacts 6 lead to a fuse 9, ie in this exemplary embodiment the circuit of a fuse switch is involved. 1 are in the disconnected position, in which they do not contact the contact points 5 'of the connection contacts 5 and also have no contact to the corresponding contact points of the mating connection contacts 6, the fuse 9 can then be removed from the Counter terminal contacts 6 can be removed without the risk of voltage contact and / or the occurrence of a correspondingly high electric arc which injures the person. A variant of such a fuse is shown above FIG. 2 in accordance with number 9 '.

The switching strip 3 consists of an insulating material, the carrier 10 of the switching contacts 7, on the other hand, consists of a conductive material, e.g. a metal like copper.

9 - 9d, the same housing 1, 2 can be used to accommodate different load switches. Thus, its width B and its length l can be a standard measure for the planning of electrical systems in which such switches are to be used. In the transverse direction, i.e. Viewed in the direction of the width B, the two switching strips 3 are at a distance from one another which enables the connection contacts 5, 6 to be detected by means of the switching contacts 7.

This distance creates free spaces 16 between the two switching strips, which in several respects Are advantage. So you can accommodate N contacts in the area between these safety edges. For the rest, reference is made to the later explanations.

The spring switching mechanism 4 already mentioned above has two switching arms 11 on a drive disk 14, which end in driver pins 12 which are approximately circular in cross section. These move in recesses 13 of the ends of the switching strips 3 located at the bottom in FIG. 1. In this position of the switching strips 3, the right switching strip is shifted upwards and the left switching strip is shifted downwards ("off" position of the contacts). If the selector shaft 14 of the rear derailleur 4 is rotated clockwise, after driving through a certain angle of rotation (calculated freewheel) the driver pins 12 come to rest against the surfaces 13 'of the recesses 13, whereby the springs of the rear derailleur have already been partially tensioned. After passing through another small swivel angle of, for example, 10 °, the spring switching mechanism triggers and suddenly moves the two switching strips 3 in the arrow directions 14, 15 in opposite directions upwards and downwards into the switching position "on", in which the switching contacts 7 of the switching strips Establish contact (see Fig. 2). A current can then flow from the left connection contact 5 via the connection counter contacts 6 and the fuse 9 to the connection contact 5 shown on the right in FIG. 2. During the aforementioned swiveling movement by a small angle of 10 °, the switching strips are forcibly moved somewhat in the direction of the arrows 14, 15 in order to forcibly separate contacts welded to one another. Due to the synchronicity of this opposing movement of the safety edges, disconnection and contacting on both safety edges will take place at the same time, ie a common quadruple interruption or quadruple connection with the above-mentioned effect of reducing the arc or increasing the current to be switched. With a slight leading separation of the switching contacts 7 from the mating contacts 6, the arcing is still a further reduced.

For manufacturing reasons, it is advisable to make the switching strips 3, which are dark in their front edges in FIG. 1, congruent or congruent so that one and the same switching strip can be used with the same envelope for the left and for the right switching strip by by Corresponding rotation of this switching strip around its longitudinal axis achieves that the two switching strips lie side-by-side within the switching arrangement.

The side view of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 3, the numbering from FIG. 1, 2 being adopted and the cutting line being guided through the longitudinal central axis according to the dash-dotted line III-III in FIG. 1. The switching strip 3 according to FIG. 3 is, according to FIG. 1, the right half in the position in which it does not connect the contacts 6, 5 or 5 'to one another, i.e. Switch position "Off". A shift of this switching strip shown in FIG. 3 by means of the switching mechanism 4 to the right (this would correspond to the displacement of the switching strip shown on the right in FIG. 1 downwards) then brings its two switching contacts 7 into contact with the connecting contacts 5, 5 'and 6.

The fuses 9 are inserted or pulled out from above into a fork-like plug holder 15 of the mating contacts 6.

Fig. 4 shows the side view of Fig. 3, but with the modification that Fig. 4 shows the variant of the invention to provide the spring mechanism 4 in the middle. The respective square selector shaft 14 is rotatably supported at one end in the lower housing part 1 and at the other end in the upper housing part 2. The above-mentioned distance between the two switching strips enables such a spring switching mechanism in this distance range between the two switching strips to accommodate. The aforementioned free spaces 16 and also free spaces 17 provided below the switching strips in the lower housing part can also be configured in a different configuration or function than shown in the drawings. In this way, 16 switching contacts can be led directly down to conductor rails via the free space (see the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 5-8 explained below). Magnets can also be accommodated in the free space. In the open spaces 17 one can have space for the collection and later discharge of ionized gases and the like and more.

The embodiment of FIGS. 5-8 shows how a load switch according to the invention can be placed directly on busbars L1, L2 and L3 and can thus be connected mechanically and electrically. Each of these three busbars is electrically connected via an adaptation in the form of a claw-like screw fastening 19, 19 'for the busbar L1, L2 and L3 and associated contacts 24, 25 and 26 to the respective switching strip 3 (two switching strips are also provided here). Four-contact circuits also take place here, with counter-connection contacts 6 likewise being led upward out of the switch in accordance with the previous exemplary embodiment. Instead of the described fastening by means of screwing to the busbars, contacting with the busbars L1, L2 and L3 could also be provided by means of conventional, separate adapter plates.

The clamping claws 19 'are positioned with their contact fastening screws 19 in such a way that they are accessible from the outside of the switching device, as indicated by the arrows 20. In particular, this also applies to the connection to the middle rail L2, which would be difficult to reach from the sides. 6-8 it can also be seen that the connections or adapters 19 'are located on the bottom surface 1' of the lower housing part 1.

The top view of FIG. 5 shows that the rails L1, L2 and L3 form the current leads, while the current leads are formed by connection contacts 5, which are shown in FIG. 5 below. The neutral conductor, on the other hand, has a connection contact 5 (N) for the input as well as for the output.

9 - 9d schematically show how the invention can provide the user with various switchgear designs with one and the same housing and, if necessary, still exchanging individual parts such as connection contacts and removing a safety edge. This is the formation of different switches, but each provided with a housing and two switching strips, the switching strips interacting with the various connection and counter-connection contacts 5, 6. These contacts can be exchanged and exchanged for other contacts, which is easily possible after loosening and lifting off the upper housing part 2 from the lower housing part 1. As a rule, the switching strips 3 can remain in the lower housing part.

Fig. 9 shows a four-contact version with contacts 5, 6 and the two switching strips 3, each switching strip being represented by two parallel lines. This corresponds to the embodiment according to Figs. 1-4, i.e. a switch disconnector with fuse.

Fig. 9a shows a switch disconnector, which essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to Fig. 9, only that the fuse 9 is missing here and instead a contact bridge 21 is provided between the two mating contacts 6, e.g. with on-off switches.

A further embodiment is shown in FIG. 9b in which the connection contacts 5 leading to the consumer (only one of which is shown) are optionally connected to a network 22 or an emergency power supply 23 via the switching strips 3 can, for example with switches. 9 and 9a, the switching strips 3 are actuated synchronously and in opposite directions to one another (see here the explanations for FIGS. 1-4), in the embodiment according to FIG. 9b the timing of the movement of the switching strips is different. Assuming that the power supply fails, the right-hand safety edge 3 in FIG. 9b is first moved from the "on" position to the "off" position, and only then is the left-hand safety edge 3, which switches on the emergency power generator, from the "position". Switched from "to the position" On ". This does not run synchronously with the shifting of the right safety edge, but after that.

9c shows an on-off switch which is provided with only one switching strip which is moved up and down in accordance with the arrows shown. This embodiment serves to demonstrate that a housing designed according to the invention for accommodating two switching strips can also be used in this way, which increases the universality of the application.

Finally, FIG. 9d shows the switching principle of the embodiment of FIGS. 5-8, the numbering of FIGS. 5-8 in FIG. 9d being adopted for better understanding.

All the features explained and illustrated, as well as their combinations with one another, are essential to the invention.

Claims (20)

Switch arrangement with housing (1, 2) for receiving and switching load switches, as well as with a switching strip actuation, characterized in that two switching strips (3) are arranged side by side and parallel to each other in a common housing (1, 2), and that both switching strips to be operated, ie to be moved. Switching arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that four connection contacts (5, 5 ', 6) are provided on the load switch, that each switching strip has switching contacts or switching contact pairs (7) with which they connect two of the aforementioned connection contacts (5, 5', 6) switches and that a common switching actuation (4) is provided, which shifts both switching strips. Switching arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the shifting of the switching strips (3) takes place synchronously and in opposite directions by means of the switching actuation (4). Switching arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distances between the regions of the connecting contacts (5, 5 ', 6) to be contacted Switch are equal to the distances between the switching contacts (7) of the two switching strips from each other, the longitudinal direction of any fuse (9, 9 ') extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the switching strips. Switching arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the switching strips (3) are detachably accommodated in the housing (1, 2) and can be removed from the housing independently of one another. Switching arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the switching strips (3) are arranged at a distance from one another. Switching arrangement according to Claim 6, characterized in that a spring switching mechanism (4) with a square switching shaft actuation (14) is provided in the center in the distance between the two switching strips (3). Switch arrangement according to one of claims 1, 4 to 7, characterized in that a separate switching operation is provided for each switching strip (3). Switching arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a switching operation in the form of a spring switching mechanism (4) with two switching arms (11) which end in driver pins (12) which engage in recesses (13) in the respective switching strip (3). Switching arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the switching actuation has a switching function which is prior to the spring circuit taking effect, and which has the switching strips, forcibly displacing a relatively short distance. Switching arrangement according to one of Claims 1, 2, 4 to 10, characterized by a switching actuation (4) and associated arrangement of switching strips (3) such that first one of the switching strips is in the required position and only after this displacement has ended is the other of the two switching strips is moved to its new switching position. Switching arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the two switching strips (3) are congruent, but lie side by side inside the switching arrangement. Switching arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing is separated into an upper housing part (2) and a lower housing part (1), the switching strips (3) and associated connecting contacts (5, 5 ') being located in the lower housing part (1 ) and the mating contacts (6) and, if applicable, fuses are in the upper part of the housing (2). Switching arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that the connection contacts (5) are led laterally out of the housing at the joint between the upper housing part (2) and lower housing part (1) and are held between the two housing parts. Switching arrangement according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the counter-connection contacts (6) are led out of the upper housing part. Switching arrangement according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the connection contacts (5, 5 ', 6) are detachably and removably arranged in or between the housing parts (1, 2). Switching arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing (1, 2) is provided with connection contacts (24, 25, 26) which are led out downwards and these are mechanically and electrically connected to power supply rails (L1, L2, L3). Switching arrangement according to claim 17, characterized in that the connection between the connection contacts (24, 25, 26) and the power supply rails (L1, L2, L3) is made by adapter claws (19 '). Switching arrangement according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that contact fastening screws (19) of the power supply rails (L1, L2, L3) on the connection contacts (24, 25, 26) are positioned outside the housing or below an opening in the housing such that they are from are accessible outside the housing for their actuation. Switching arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized by one or more free spaces (16, 17) in the lower housing part (1).

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