EP0606798A1 - Proportioning devices for distributing volumes of products and method for mixing them - Google Patents

Proportioning devices for distributing volumes of products and method for mixing them Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0606798A1
EP0606798A1 EP93403097A EP93403097A EP0606798A1 EP 0606798 A1 EP0606798 A1 EP 0606798A1 EP 93403097 A EP93403097 A EP 93403097A EP 93403097 A EP93403097 A EP 93403097A EP 0606798 A1 EP0606798 A1 EP 0606798A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
piston
cylinder
channel
volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93403097A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0606798B1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Esclar
Gérard Braque
Pierre Carmona
Michel Gaubert
Franck Leitman
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LOreal SA
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LOreal SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/451—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by means for moving the materials to be mixed or the mixture
    • B01F25/4512—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by means for moving the materials to be mixed or the mixture with reciprocating pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
    • B01F35/88—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by feeding the materials batchwise
    • B01F35/882—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by feeding the materials batchwise using measuring chambers, e.g. volumetric pumps, for feeding the substances

Definitions

  • Such a device can be used to collect and distribute a single product in a metered amount. It is advantageous, however, that such a device can be used, without having to be modified appreciably, for a sequential sampling of several different products, for mixing these products and for distributing the mixture.
  • US-A-5,078,302 relates to an apparatus for taking metered amounts of paints of different colors from different tanks and for mixing the metered amounts.
  • the tanks containing the paints of different colors are mounted on a turntable allowing to place, successively, each tank in which a sample must be taken at the level of a sample station.
  • Each pump is associated with a pump constituted by a piston / cylinder assembly.
  • a valve of a particular type is provided to cooperate with a cylinder base and allow, for one position, the suction of the liquid to be withdrawn from the reservoir and, in another position, the delivery of the withdrawn quantity of liquid.
  • Such a device is relatively complicated, bulky and expensive.
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to provide a metering device for withdrawing a volume of product and then for dispensing all or part of the volume withdrawn, of the kind defined above, which is as simple as possible, compact, robust, of a reliable operation, and which ensures the integration of several functions: intake-suction, controlled distribution. It is moreover desirable that such a metering device make it possible to ensure, with additional means that are as small as possible, the integration of the function of sampling several determined volumes of different products, and of the mixing function, with agitation, of these different volumes withdrawn, which are then to be distributed.
  • the entry of the withdrawn product, into the variable volume chamber takes place in a different location from that through which the product passes for distribution.
  • variable volume chamber can be limited by the internal wall of a cylinder and by a piston constituting said closure member, the cylinder and the piston being able to have a movement of relative displacement in translation in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder. , the piston being crossed by at least one channel substantially parallel to the axis of the cylinder.
  • the piston is kept fixed relative to the reservoir, while the control means ensure displacement alternative in translation of the cylinder, along its axis, relative to the piston.
  • the selection means may comprise a rotary shutter provided with a passage hole suitable for being brought to the right of one end of a channel of the piston associated with the reservoir from which it is desired to withdraw a volume of product.
  • the shutter can be placed at the internal end of the piston, this shutter being mounted rotatably around the geometric axis of the piston, the control of the rotation of the shutter being able to be carried out from outside the cylinder.
  • the shutter constitutes the bottom of a cylindrical barrel, in which the piston is engaged, said barrel having an axial length greater than that of the cylinder so as to keep a part outside of the cylinder, when the barrel is completely pressed into the cylinder, the outer part of the barrel comprising means for driving this barrel in rotation about the geometric axis of the cylinder, the piston having a part which remains outside the barrel.
  • these drive means comprise a ring gear whose mean plane is orthogonal to the axis of the barrel, this ring gear being able to cooperate with a pinion driven by an electric motor, in particular a stepping motor.
  • the shutter and the barrel are centered and fixed on the end of a rod mounted to rotate in an axial bore of the piston.
  • the chamber closing member in particular the piston, comprises several parallel channels distributed around the axis, each channel, except one, being connected to a different liquid reservoir. , the last of these channels being connected to a mixing chamber.
  • Each channel of the piston connected to a product reservoir may be provided, at its lower end, with a non-return valve while the channel connected to the mixing chamber is devoid of such a non-return valve.
  • the means for closing the dispensing orifice is itself constituted by a valve calibrated at a sufficient level, in particular at 4 newtons (400 grams force), so as to open only for one pressure much higher than that required to pass the product (s) into the mixing chamber.
  • the movement in translation of the cylinder can be controlled by an electric motor, in particular step by step, controlling a screw, for example of the ball type, which acts on a nut linked to the cylinder.
  • the device may comprise a multi-compartment reservoir, each compartment being connected to a channel of the closure member, in particular of the piston, all the compartments except one being assigned to a product, the last of these compartments constituting a mixing chamber, this multi-compartment container being fixed directly above the outer face of the closure member, or of the piston, where the channels open.
  • a thermostat with heating resistance can be provided, in the heart of the tank, and be integrated into the system.
  • the different products can be contained in reservoirs separated from each other, each reservoir being connected by a tube, as small as possible, at the end of a channel of the piston, a reservoir, initially devoid of product, serving as a mixing tank and also being connected to a piston channel.
  • the invention also relates to a method for mixing the various products with a device as defined above.
  • the necessary volumes of the different products are sequentially withdrawn from the chamber of variable volume to carry out the mixing, and all of these sampled products are discharged into a mixing chamber and, by successive alternating movements, they are aspirated and discharged mixing from the mixing chamber to the variable volume chamber and vice versa, so as to homogenize the mixture.
  • Figure 1 of these drawings is a partial sectional view, axial vertical and schematic of a metering device according to the invention, the variable volume chamber having an average volume.
  • Figure 2 is a section along line II-II of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows, similarly to Figure 1, the device while the volume of the chamber is minimum.
  • Figure 4 is a section along line IV-IV of Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 shows, similarly to Figure 1, the device while the volume of the chamber is substantially maximum.
  • Figure 6 is a section along line VI-VI of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is an exploded sectional view, on a larger scale, of the metering device equipped with a multi-compartment reservoir.
  • Figure 8 finally, is a section along line VIII-VIII of Figure 7.
  • a metering device D for withdrawing a volume of liquid or pasty product, or even powder, from at least one reservoir R very schematically represented.
  • the viscosity of the liquid or pasty products concerned by the invention can vary from 1 cp (one centipoise) to several thousand cp (centipoise).
  • the device D also makes it possible to distribute all or part of the volume withdrawn.
  • This device D comprises a chamber 1 of variable volume closed at one end, namely the upper end according to the representation in FIG. 1, by a closing member F.
  • Chamber 1 is limited by the internal wall of a cylinder 2 which has a bottom 3 provided with a dispensing orifice 4 equipped with a closure means C suitable for opening for dispensing, and advantageously constituted by a valve 5.
  • the cylinder 2 is fixed, towards its upper end, to a plate 6.
  • This plate has a hole receiving the upper edge of the cylinder 2 which has a flange 7 crossed by holes allowing the cylinder to be fixed under the plate 6 using of screws engaged in tapped holes of said plate.
  • the plate 6 and the cylinder 2 can be moved in translation in a vertical direction relative to a frame 8 of which only a part is shown.
  • Means for driving the plate 6 and the cylinder 2 comprise an electric motor 9, preferably of the stepping type, the stator of which is fixed to the frame 8, for example with its vertical axis.
  • the motor 9 rotates a screw 10, in particular a ball screw, of vertical axis, which cooperates with a corresponding nut carried by the plate 6 to transform the rotational movement into vertical translational movement.
  • the closing member F comprises a piston 11 whose axial length is greater than that of the cylinder 2.
  • the upper part 12 of the piston 11 remains permanently outside the cylinder 2. This part 12 is fixed to the frame 8.
  • the length of the piston 11 engaged in the cylinder 2 depends on the position, in the vertical direction, of the plate 6.
  • the piston 11 is crossed by at least one channel 13 which on one side, that is to say at its lower end, opens out towards the chamber 1 while on the other side, that is to say at its upper end, the channel 13 opens out towards the reservoir, forming a collar 14.
  • six channels similar to the channel 13, with axes parallel to that of the piston 11, are distributed regularly around this axis . Five of these channels have the same function, namely to allow the chamber 1 to be connected to a different liquid reservoir; these five channels are designated by the same reference numeral 13, possibly followed by one of the letters ad.
  • Each of these channels 13, 13a-13d is provided, at its lower end, with a non-return valve 15 allowing a flow of liquid from the channel 13 towards the chamber 1 but opposing a flow in the opposite direction.
  • the non-return valves 15 are calculated, in closing, in order to ensure a sufficient seal to prevent any flow of product under its own gravity, the opening of the valve having to be ensured only when there is suction by descent of the cylinder 2.
  • the closing force of a non-return valve 15 is chosen to be approximately 0.1 N for a passage diameter of approximately 3 mm.
  • the sixth channel, designated by the reference numeral 16 does not have a non-return valve and is intended to be connected to a reservoir M forming a mixing chamber.
  • a selection means S is provided for connecting one of the channels 13, 13a-13d, 16, to the chamber 1, while the other channels are closed by this selection means.
  • the selection means S comprises a rotary shutter 17, in the form of a disc, applied against the end of the piston 11 situated inside the cylinder 2.
  • the shutter 17 has a passage hole 18 suitable for coming in line with one end of a channel 13, 13a-13d or 16, to put this channel in communication with the chamber 1; a single channel can be put in communication through the hole 18 with said chamber, all the other channels being closed by the shutter 17.
  • the hole 18 is located between two channels, at which in this case all the channels of the piston 11 are closed by the shutter 17.
  • This shutter 17 constitutes the bottom of a cylindrical barrel 19 in which the piston 11 is engaged.
  • the barrel 19 has an axial length greater than that of the cylinder 12 so as to keep a part 20 outside of the cylinder 12 when the barrel is fully inserted into the cylinder 2 as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the axial length of the barrel 19 is however less than that of the piston 11.
  • the shutter 17, and therefore the barrel 19, are centered and fixed on the lower end of a rod 21 rotatably guided by means of ball bearings, in the vicinity of each of these ends, in an axial bore of the piston 11.
  • the shutter 17 is fixed, in its central part, on the lower end of the rod 21, for example using screws, while the upper end of the rod 21 is linked, according to the axial direction, to piston 11.
  • Means for rotating the barrel 19 and the shutter 17 around the axis of the piston 11 are provided.
  • These drive means comprise a toothed crown 22 externally fixed to the barrel 19 at its upper end.
  • the drive means further comprise an electric motor 23, preferably of the stepping type, the stator of which is fixed to the frame 8; the axis of this motor 23 is preferably vertical and drives a pinion 24 which, by an intermediate gear system 25, can cause the crown 22 to rotate about the axis of the piston.
  • the different channels such as 13 can be connected, at their upper end, by a conduit 1 , of reduced length, to a liquid reservoir, specific to each channel.
  • a multi-compartment tank is fixed on the upper part 12 of the piston.
  • This reservoir 26 comprises as many compartments 27, 27a-27d, 28 as there are channels in the piston 11.
  • the reservoir 26 is constituted, for example, by a cylinder inside which are provided cylindrical chambers 27, 27a-27d and 28 regularly distributed around the axis of the cylinder. The lower end of these chambers is closed by the bottom of the tank which has inclined passages such as 29 connecting each compartment with the upper end of the corresponding channel of the piston 11.
  • the upper ends of the compartments 27 Vietnamese 28 are open.
  • Each compartment 27, 27a-27d is intended for a different liquid product, while the compartment 28 constitutes a mixing chamber.
  • a central cylindrical housing 30 is provided to receive, if necessary, an electrical resistance for thermostating the tank 26.
  • the volume of the chamber 1 is zero, or almost zero, the cylinder 2 being raised as much as possible so that the shutter 17 is pressed against the bottom 3, conjugate form, of cylinder 2.
  • a rotation of the barrel 19 and of the shutter 17 is controlled, using the motor 23, itself controlled by instructions from an electronic assembly E, so as to place the orifice 18 in alignment with the channel 13 connected to the reservoir R from which it is desired to withdraw the liquid.
  • the descent of the plate 6 and of the piston 2 is controlled by the activation of the motor 9 in the proper direction.
  • the amplitude of the stroke of the cylinder 2 is determined by the calculation unit E to ensure the desired sampling.
  • the plate 6 and the cylinder 2 are stopped when this sampling has been carried out, for example when the chamber 1 occupies the average volume shown in FIG. 1.
  • the closing of the chamber 1 is then controlled by rotation of the shutter 17 in order to bring the orifice 18 between two channels, in a position similar to that illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the rise of the plate 6 and of the cylinder 2 is then controlled by turning the motor 9 in the opposite direction.
  • the pressure of the liquid contained in the chamber 1, completely closed, increases as soon as the rise of the cylinder 2 begins and causes the opening of the valve 5 and the distribution of the product by this valve.
  • the assembly formed by the frame 8 and the device D can be movable, using one or more electric motors and suitable guide means, in two directions X, Y not shown, located in a horizontal plane, so that the distribution through the valve 5 can take place along any desired line or surface.
  • the distribution of the product can be controlled by adjusting the ascent speed of the cylinder 2 and of the plate 6 controlled by the motor 9 and the screw 10.
  • a first product is pumped, dosed in the chamber 1 as explained above but is not dispensed.
  • the cylinder 2 will remain in the position it occupies at the end of aspiration of the first product, for example the position illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the shutter 17 is then rotated so as to bring the hole 18 in alignment with another channel corresponding to another product we want to take a dose of.
  • the rotation of the shutter 17 caused the closure of the channel used for the previous sampling.
  • non-return valves 15 at the lower end of the sampling channels makes it possible to avoid, during the rotation of the selection barrel 19, any contamination of the products relative to the other.
  • the barrel 19 and the shutter 17 are rotated, by the motor 23, until the hole 18 corresponds to the channel 16 corresponding to the chamber mixture.
  • the position of the shutter 17 corresponds to that illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the mixing chamber constituted by a compartment 28 in the case of FIG. 7, or by the independent tank M in the case of FIG. 1, has a sufficient volume, at least equal to the maximum possible volume of the chamber 1.
  • the rise of the cylinder 2 is then controlled by the motor 9 so as to discharge the mixture of products into the mixing chamber.
  • This is possible because the valve 5 is calibrated, in the direction of opening, to a value greater than the pressure necessary to pass the products from chamber 1 to the mixing chamber such as 28.
  • the valve 5 is tared at the opening to 400 grams force (4 N).
  • the mixing chamber 28 therefore fills with the entire volume of the discharged products.
  • suction and discharge operations between the chamber 1 and the mixing chamber 28 are repeated a certain number of times to ensure good homogenization of the mixture, the number of aspirations and discharges depending on the nature of the products to be mixed.
  • the rise of the cylinder 2 is then controlled by the motor 9 and the screw 10, which causes the distribution of the mixture through the valve 5 which opens under the pressure increase.
  • the device therefore makes it possible to produce, in addition to a volumetric pumping-metering and a controlled distribution, a homogeneous mixture of different products before distributing them.
  • All the products can be either in the open air, that is to say at atmospheric pressure, or under overpressure, and even under inert gas. If the products are pressurized in the tanks, the calibration of the non-return valves 15 and 5 should be adjusted accordingly.
  • non-return valves 15 could be omitted in favor of an additional barrel, which would serve, by slight rotation, to close the end orifices of the channels such as 13 of the piston, during the selection of the product by rotation of the selection barrel 19.
  • the chamber 1 instead of being delimited by a cylinder 2 and a piston 11, could be delimited by a bellows-membrane whose upper end would be closed by a sort of fixed plate, and whose lower part could be approached or away from the top plate to vary the internal volume of the bellows.
  • the device can be used for the production of automatic formulators, or for personalized distribution in hair cosmetics, or in the pharmaceutical, food, or paint, make-up cosmetics, household products.
  • the device can also be used for technical distribution in a hair salon or in hospitals.
  • the device of the invention makes it possible to produce automatic machines, in particular for formulation laboratories in general, for carrying out automatic distributions of personalized mixtures (at hairdressers for example), as well as for manufacturing activities.

Abstract

The proportioning (metering) device comprises a variable-volume chamber (1) closed at one end by a closure member (F); means for linking the chamber with outside, and means for controlling the variations in volume of the chamber making it possible to ensure intake (suction) or delivery (discharge) depending on whether the chamber increases or decreases in volume. The closure member (F) has passing through it at least one channel (13) emerging, on the one side, in the chamber (1) and, on the other side, towards a reservoir (R); selection means (S) are provided either for connecting the channel (13) to the reservoir (R) of product, or for closing the channel (13); a distribution orifice (4) is provided in the wall of the chamber, this orifice being equipped with a stopper means (C) capable of being closed during intake into the chamber, and of being opened for distributing. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention est relative à un dispositif doseur pour prélever un volume de produit liquide, pâteux ou pulvérulent, à partir d'au moins un réservoir et pour distribuer ensuite tout ou partie du volume prélevé, du genre de ceux qui comprennent :

  • une chambre de volume variable, fermée à une extrémité par un organe de fermeture,
  • des moyens de liaison de la chambre avec l'extérieur,
  • et des moyens de commande des variations du volume de la chambre pour assurer une aspiration ou un refoulement selon que la chambre augmente ou diminue de volume.
The invention relates to a metering device for withdrawing a volume of liquid, pasty or pulverulent product, from at least one reservoir and for then dispensing all or part of the volume withdrawn, of the type of those which include:
  • a chamber of variable volume, closed at one end by a closure member,
  • means of connecting the room with the outside,
  • and means for controlling variations in the volume of the chamber to ensure suction or discharge depending on whether the chamber increases or decreases in volume.

Un tel dispositif peut servir à prélever et à distribuer un seul produit suivant une quantité dosée. Il est intéressant cependant qu'un tel dispositif puisse servir, sans avoir à être modifié de manière sensible, à un prélèvement séquentiel de plusieurs produits différents, au mélange de ces produits et à la distribution du mélange.Such a device can be used to collect and distribute a single product in a metered amount. It is advantageous, however, that such a device can be used, without having to be modified appreciably, for a sequential sampling of several different products, for mixing these products and for distributing the mixture.

US-A-5 078 302 concerne un appareil pour prélever des quantités dosées de peintures de couleurs différentes, provenant de différents réservoirs et pour assurer le mélange des quantités dosées. Les réservoirs contenant les peintures de différentes couleurs sont montés sur un plateau tournant permettant de placer, successivement, chaque réservoir dans lequel un prélèvement doit être effectué au droit d'un poste de prélèvement. A chaque réservoir est associée une pompe constituée par un ensemble piston/cylindre. Une vanne d'un type particulier est prévue pour coopérer avec une embase de cylindre et permettre, pour une position, l'aspiration du liquide à prélever à partir du réservoir et, dans une autre position, le refoulement de la quantité prélevée de liquide.US-A-5,078,302 relates to an apparatus for taking metered amounts of paints of different colors from different tanks and for mixing the metered amounts. The tanks containing the paints of different colors are mounted on a turntable allowing to place, successively, each tank in which a sample must be taken at the level of a sample station. Each pump is associated with a pump constituted by a piston / cylinder assembly. A valve of a particular type is provided to cooperate with a cylinder base and allow, for one position, the suction of the liquid to be withdrawn from the reservoir and, in another position, the delivery of the withdrawn quantity of liquid.

Un tel appareil est relativement compliqué, encombrant et coûteux.Such a device is relatively complicated, bulky and expensive.

L'invention a pour but, surtout, de fournir un dispositif doseur pour prélever un volume de produit et pour distribuer ensuite tout ou partie du volume prélevé, du genre défini précédemment, qui soit aussi simple que possible, compact, robuste, d'un fonctionnement fiable, et qui assure l'intégration de plusieurs fonctions : admission-aspiration, distribution contrôlée. Il est souhaitable, en outre, qu'un tel dispositif doseur permette d'assurer, avec des moyens supplémentaires aussi réduits que possible, l'intégration de la fonction de prélèvement de plusieurs volumes déterminés de produits différents, et de la fonction mélange, avec agitation, de ces différents volumes prélevés, qui sont ensuite à distribuer.The object of the invention is, above all, to provide a metering device for withdrawing a volume of product and then for dispensing all or part of the volume withdrawn, of the kind defined above, which is as simple as possible, compact, robust, of a reliable operation, and which ensures the integration of several functions: intake-suction, controlled distribution. It is moreover desirable that such a metering device make it possible to ensure, with additional means that are as small as possible, the integration of the function of sampling several determined volumes of different products, and of the mixing function, with agitation, of these different volumes withdrawn, which are then to be distributed.

Selon l'invention, un dispositif doseur pour prélever un volume de produit, liquide, pâteux ou pulvérulent, à partir d'au moins un réservoir et pour distribuer ensuite tout ou partie du volume prélevé, du genre défini précédemment, est caractérisé par le fait :

  • que ledit organe de fermeture est traversé par au moins un canal débouchant d'un côté dans la chambre et, de l'autre côté, vers le réservoir ;
  • que des moyens de sélection sont prévus pour soit relier le canal au réservoir de produit, soit fermer le canal ;
  • et qu'un orifice de distribution est prévu dans la paroi de la chambre, cet orifice étant équipé d'un moyen d'obturation propre à être fermé lors de l'aspiration dans la chambre et à être ouvert pour la distribution,
       l'ensemble étant tel que, lors de l'aspiration le produit arrive dans la chambre en passant par le canal de l'organe de fermeture tandis que lors de la distribution par refoulement, le susdit canal est fermé, alors que l'orifice de distribution s'ouvre.
According to the invention, a metering device for withdrawing a volume of product, liquid, pasty or pulverulent, from at least one reservoir and for then dispensing all or part of the volume withdrawn, of the kind defined above, is characterized by the fact :
  • that said closure member is traversed by at least one channel opening on one side into the chamber and, on the other side, towards the reservoir;
  • that selection means are provided for either connecting the channel to the product reservoir, or closing the channel;
  • and that a dispensing orifice is provided in the wall of the chamber, this orifice being equipped with a closure means capable of being closed during suction in the chamber and of being open for distribution,
    the assembly being such that, during the aspiration the product arrives in the chamber passing through the channel of the closure member while during the delivery by discharge, the aforesaid channel is closed, while the orifice of distribution opens.

Ainsi, selon l'invention, l'entrée du produit prélevé, dans la chambre de volume variable, s'effectue en un endroit différent de celui où passe le produit pour la distribution.Thus, according to the invention, the entry of the withdrawn product, into the variable volume chamber, takes place in a different location from that through which the product passes for distribution.

La chambre de volume variable peut être limitée par la paroi interne d'un cylindre et par un piston constituant ledit organe de fermeture, le cylindre et le piston pouvant avoir un mouvement de déplacement relatif en translation suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe du cylindre, le piston étant traversé par au moins un canal sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du cylindre.The variable volume chamber can be limited by the internal wall of a cylinder and by a piston constituting said closure member, the cylinder and the piston being able to have a movement of relative displacement in translation in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder. , the piston being crossed by at least one channel substantially parallel to the axis of the cylinder.

Avantageusement, le piston est maintenu fixe par rapport au réservoir, tandis que les moyens de commande assurent un déplacement alternatif en translation du cylindre, suivant son axe, relativement au piston.Advantageously, the piston is kept fixed relative to the reservoir, while the control means ensure displacement alternative in translation of the cylinder, along its axis, relative to the piston.

Le moyen de sélection peut comprendre un obturateur rotatif muni d'un trou de passage propre à être amené au droit d'une extrémité d'un canal du piston associé au réservoir dont on veut prélever un volume de produit.The selection means may comprise a rotary shutter provided with a passage hole suitable for being brought to the right of one end of a channel of the piston associated with the reservoir from which it is desired to withdraw a volume of product.

L'obturateur peut être placé à l'extrémité interne du piston , cet obturateur étant monté rotatif autour de l'axe géométrique du piston, la commande de la rotation de l'obturateur pouvant être effectuée depuis l'extérieur du cylindre.The shutter can be placed at the internal end of the piston, this shutter being mounted rotatably around the geometric axis of the piston, the control of the rotation of the shutter being able to be carried out from outside the cylinder.

Avantageusement, l'obturateur constitue le fond d'un barillet cylindrique, dans lequel est engagé le piston, ledit barillet ayant une longueur axiale supérieure à celle du cylindre de manière à conserver une partie à l'extérieur du cylindre, lorsque le barillet est totalement enfoncé dans le cylindre, la partie extérieure du barillet comportant des moyens d'entraînement en rotation de ce barillet, autour de l'axe géométrique du cylindre, le piston présentant une partie qui reste à l'extérieur du barillet.Advantageously, the shutter constitutes the bottom of a cylindrical barrel, in which the piston is engaged, said barrel having an axial length greater than that of the cylinder so as to keep a part outside of the cylinder, when the barrel is completely pressed into the cylinder, the outer part of the barrel comprising means for driving this barrel in rotation about the geometric axis of the cylinder, the piston having a part which remains outside the barrel.

De préférence, ces moyens d'entraînement comprennent une couronne dentée dont le plan moyen est orthogonal à l'axe du barillet, cette couronne dentée étant propre à coopérer avec un pignon entraîné par un moteur électrique, en particulier un moteur pas à pas.Preferably, these drive means comprise a ring gear whose mean plane is orthogonal to the axis of the barrel, this ring gear being able to cooperate with a pinion driven by an electric motor, in particular a stepping motor.

Avantageusement, l'obturateur et le barillet sont centrés et fixés sur l'extrémité d'une tige montée rotative dans un alésage axial du piston.Advantageously, the shutter and the barrel are centered and fixed on the end of a rod mounted to rotate in an axial bore of the piston.

De préférence, pour un prélèvement séquentiel de plusieurs produits, l'organe de fermeture de la chambre, en particulier le piston, comporte plusieurs canaux parallèles répartis autour de l'axe, chaque canal, sauf un, étant relié à un réservoir de liquide différent, le dernier de ces canaux étant relié à une chambre de mélange. Chaque canal du piston relié à un réservoir de produit peut être muni, à son extrémité inférieure, d'un clapet anti-retour tandis que le canal relié à la chambre de mélange est dépourvu d'un tel clapet anti-retour.Preferably, for a sequential sampling of several products, the chamber closing member, in particular the piston, comprises several parallel channels distributed around the axis, each channel, except one, being connected to a different liquid reservoir. , the last of these channels being connected to a mixing chamber. Each channel of the piston connected to a product reservoir may be provided, at its lower end, with a non-return valve while the channel connected to the mixing chamber is devoid of such a non-return valve.

Le moyen d'obturation de l'orifice de distribution est lui-même constitué par un clapet taré à un niveau suffisant, notamment à 4 newtons (400 grammes force), de manière à ne s'ouvrir que pour une pression largement supérieure à celle nécessaire pour faire passer le ou les produits dans la chambre de mélange.The means for closing the dispensing orifice is itself constituted by a valve calibrated at a sufficient level, in particular at 4 newtons (400 grams force), so as to open only for one pressure much higher than that required to pass the product (s) into the mixing chamber.

La commande du déplacement en translation du cylindre peut être assurée par un moteur électrique, en particulier pas à pas, commandant une vis, par exemple du type à billes, qui agit sur un écrou lié au cylindre.The movement in translation of the cylinder can be controlled by an electric motor, in particular step by step, controlling a screw, for example of the ball type, which acts on a nut linked to the cylinder.

Le dispositif peut comprendre un réservoir multi-compartiment, chaque compartiment étant relié à un canal de l'organe de fermeture, notamment du piston, tous les compartiments sauf un étant affectés à un produit, le dernier de ces compartiments constituant une chambre de mélange, ce récipient multi-compartiments étant fixé directement au-dessus de la face extérieure de l'organe de fermeture, ou du piston, où débouchent les canaux.The device may comprise a multi-compartment reservoir, each compartment being connected to a channel of the closure member, in particular of the piston, all the compartments except one being assigned to a product, the last of these compartments constituting a mixing chamber, this multi-compartment container being fixed directly above the outer face of the closure member, or of the piston, where the channels open.

Un thermostat avec résistance chauffante peut être prévu, au coeur du réservoir, et être intégré au système.A thermostat with heating resistance can be provided, in the heart of the tank, and be integrated into the system.

En variante, les différents produits peuvent être contenus dans des réservoirs séparés les uns des autres, chaque réservoir étant relié par une tubulure, aussi réduite que possible, à l'extrémité d'un canal du piston, un réservoir, initialement dépourvu de produit, servant de réservoir de mélange et étant relié également à un canal du piston.As a variant, the different products can be contained in reservoirs separated from each other, each reservoir being connected by a tube, as small as possible, at the end of a channel of the piston, a reservoir, initially devoid of product, serving as a mixing tank and also being connected to a piston channel.

L'invention est également relative à un procédé pour réaliser le mélange des divers produits avec un dispositif tel que défini précédemment.The invention also relates to a method for mixing the various products with a device as defined above.

Selon ce procédé, on prélève séquentiellement, dans la chambre de volume variable, les volumes nécessaires des différents produits pour réaliser le mélange, et on refoule tous ces produits prélevés dans une chambre de mélange et, par mouvements alternatifs successifs, on aspire et on refoule le mélange de la chambre de mélange vers la chambre de volume variable et inversement, de manière à homogénéiser le mélange.According to this method, the necessary volumes of the different products are sequentially withdrawn from the chamber of variable volume to carry out the mixing, and all of these sampled products are discharged into a mixing chamber and, by successive alternating movements, they are aspirated and discharged mixing from the mixing chamber to the variable volume chamber and vice versa, so as to homogenize the mixture.

L'invention consiste, mises à part les dispositions exposées ci-dessus, en un certain nombre d'autres dispositions dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après à propos d'exemples de réalisation décrits avec référence aux dessins ci-annexés, mais qui ne sont nullement limitatifs.The invention consists, apart from the arrangements set out above, of a certain number of other arrangements which will be more explicitly discussed below in connection with embodiments described with reference to the attached drawings, but which are in no way limiting.

La figure 1, de ces dessins, est une vue en coupe partielle, verticale axiale et schématique d'un dispositif doseur selon l'invention, la chambre à volume variable ayant un volume moyen.Figure 1 of these drawings is a partial sectional view, axial vertical and schematic of a metering device according to the invention, the variable volume chamber having an average volume.

La figure 2 est une coupe suivant la ligne II-II, de la figure 1.Figure 2 is a section along line II-II of Figure 1.

La figure 3 montre, semblablement à la figure 1, le dispositif alors que le volume de la chambre est minimum.Figure 3 shows, similarly to Figure 1, the device while the volume of the chamber is minimum.

La figure 4 est une coupe suivant la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3.Figure 4 is a section along line IV-IV of Figure 3.

La figure 5 montre, semblablement à la figure 1, le dispositif alors que le volume de la chambre est sensiblement maximum.Figure 5 shows, similarly to Figure 1, the device while the volume of the chamber is substantially maximum.

La figure 6 est une coupe suivant la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5.Figure 6 is a section along line VI-VI of Figure 5.

La figure 7 est une vue en coupe éclatée, à plus grande échelle, du dispositif doseur équipé d'un réservoir multi-compartiment.Figure 7 is an exploded sectional view, on a larger scale, of the metering device equipped with a multi-compartment reservoir.

La figure 8, enfin, est une coupe suivant la ligne VIII-VIII de la figure 7.Figure 8, finally, is a section along line VIII-VIII of Figure 7.

En se reportant aux dessins, notamment aux figures 1 et 2, on peut voir un dispositif doseur D pour prélever un volume de produit liquide ou pâteux, ou même pulvérulent, à partir d'au moins un réservoir R très schématiquement représenté. A titre indicatif, la viscosité des produits liquides ou pâteux concernés par l'invention peut varier de 1 cp (une centipoise) à plusieurs milliers de cp (centipoises). Le dispositif D permet, en outre, de distribuer tout ou partie du volume prélevé.Referring to the drawings, in particular to FIGS. 1 and 2, one can see a metering device D for withdrawing a volume of liquid or pasty product, or even powder, from at least one reservoir R very schematically represented. As an indication, the viscosity of the liquid or pasty products concerned by the invention can vary from 1 cp (one centipoise) to several thousand cp (centipoise). The device D also makes it possible to distribute all or part of the volume withdrawn.

Ce dispositif D comprend une chambre 1 de volume variable fermée à une extrémité, à savoir l'extrémité supérieure selon la représentation de la figure 1, par un organe de fermeture F.This device D comprises a chamber 1 of variable volume closed at one end, namely the upper end according to the representation in FIG. 1, by a closing member F.

La chambre 1 est limitée par la paroi interne d'un cylindre 2 qui comporte un fond 3 muni d'un orifice de distribution 4 équipé d'un moyen d'obturation C propre à s'ouvrir pour la distribution, et avantageusement constitué par un clapet 5.Chamber 1 is limited by the internal wall of a cylinder 2 which has a bottom 3 provided with a dispensing orifice 4 equipped with a closure means C suitable for opening for dispensing, and advantageously constituted by a valve 5.

Le cylindre 2 est fixé, vers son extrémité supérieure, à une plaque 6. Cette plaque comporte un trou recevant le bord supérieur du cylindre 2 lequel comporte une collerette 7 traversée par des trous permettant la fixation du cylindre sous la plaque 6 à l'aide de vis engagées dans des trous taraudés de ladite plaque.The cylinder 2 is fixed, towards its upper end, to a plate 6. This plate has a hole receiving the upper edge of the cylinder 2 which has a flange 7 crossed by holes allowing the cylinder to be fixed under the plate 6 using of screws engaged in tapped holes of said plate.

La plaque 6 et le cylindre 2 peuvent être déplacés en translation suivant une direction verticale par rapport à un bâti 8 dont seulement une partie est représentée.The plate 6 and the cylinder 2 can be moved in translation in a vertical direction relative to a frame 8 of which only a part is shown.

Des moyens d'entraînement de la plaque 6 et du cylindre 2 comprennent un moteur électrique 9, de préférence du type pas à pas, dont le stator est fixé sur le bâti 8, par exemple avec son axe vertical. Le moteur 9 entraîne en rotation une vis 10, en particulier une vis à billes, d'axe vertical, qui coopère avec un écrou correspondant porté par la plaque 6 pour transformer le mouvement de rotation en mouvement de translation vertical.Means for driving the plate 6 and the cylinder 2 comprise an electric motor 9, preferably of the stepping type, the stator of which is fixed to the frame 8, for example with its vertical axis. The motor 9 rotates a screw 10, in particular a ball screw, of vertical axis, which cooperates with a corresponding nut carried by the plate 6 to transform the rotational movement into vertical translational movement.

L'organe de fermeture F comprend un piston 11 dont la longueur axiale est supérieure à celle du cylindre 2. La partie haute 12 du piston 11 demeure en permanence à l'extérieur du cylindre 2. Cette partie 12 est fixée sur le bâti 8. La longueur du piston 11 engagée dans le cylindre 2 dépend de la position, suivant la direction verticale, de la plaque 6.The closing member F comprises a piston 11 whose axial length is greater than that of the cylinder 2. The upper part 12 of the piston 11 remains permanently outside the cylinder 2. This part 12 is fixed to the frame 8. The length of the piston 11 engaged in the cylinder 2 depends on the position, in the vertical direction, of the plate 6.

Le piston 11 est traversé par au moins un canal 13 qui d'un côté, c'est-à-dire à son extrémité inférieure, débouche vers la chambre 1 tandis que de l'autre côté, c'est-à-dire à son extrémité supérieure, le canal 13 débouche vers le réservoir, en formant une collerette 14. Dans l'exemple de réalisation considéré, six canaux semblables au canal 13, d'axes parallèles à celui du piston 11, sont répartis régulièrement autour de cet axe. Cinq de ces canaux ont la même fonction, à savoir permettre de relier la chambre 1 à un réservoir de liquide différent ; ces cinq canaux sont désignés par la même référence numérique 13, éventuellement suivie de l'une des lettres a-d. Chacun de ces canaux 13, 13a-13d est muni, à son extrémité inférieure, d'un clapet anti-retour 15 autorisant un écoulement de liquide du canal 13 vers la chambre 1 mais s'opposant à un écoulement en sens inverse. Les clapets anti-retour 15 sont calculés, en fermeture, afin d'assurer une étanchéité suffisante pour éviter tout écoulement de produit sous sa propre gravité, l'ouverture du clapet ne devant être assurée que lorsqu'il y a aspiration par descente du cylindre 2. A titre d'exemple, la force de fermeture d'un clapet anti-retour 15 est choisie d'environ 0,1 N pour un diamètre de passage de 3 mm environ.The piston 11 is crossed by at least one channel 13 which on one side, that is to say at its lower end, opens out towards the chamber 1 while on the other side, that is to say at its upper end, the channel 13 opens out towards the reservoir, forming a collar 14. In the embodiment considered, six channels similar to the channel 13, with axes parallel to that of the piston 11, are distributed regularly around this axis . Five of these channels have the same function, namely to allow the chamber 1 to be connected to a different liquid reservoir; these five channels are designated by the same reference numeral 13, possibly followed by one of the letters ad. Each of these channels 13, 13a-13d is provided, at its lower end, with a non-return valve 15 allowing a flow of liquid from the channel 13 towards the chamber 1 but opposing a flow in the opposite direction. The non-return valves 15 are calculated, in closing, in order to ensure a sufficient seal to prevent any flow of product under its own gravity, the opening of the valve having to be ensured only when there is suction by descent of the cylinder 2. By way of example, the closing force of a non-return valve 15 is chosen to be approximately 0.1 N for a passage diameter of approximately 3 mm.

Le sixième canal, désigné par la référence numérique 16 ne comporte pas de clapet anti-retour et est destiné à être relié à un réservoir M formant chambre de mélange.The sixth channel, designated by the reference numeral 16 does not have a non-return valve and is intended to be connected to a reservoir M forming a mixing chamber.

Un moyen de sélection S est prévu pour relier l'un des canaux 13, 13a-13d, 16, à la chambre 1, alors que les autres canaux sont fermés par ce moyen de sélection.A selection means S is provided for connecting one of the channels 13, 13a-13d, 16, to the chamber 1, while the other channels are closed by this selection means.

Le moyen de sélection S comprend un obturateur rotatif 17, en forme de disque, appliqué contre l'extrémité du piston 11 située à l'intérieur du cylindre 2. L'obturateur 17 comporte un trou de passage 18 propre à venir au droit d'une extrémité d'un canal 13, 13a-13d ou 16, pour mettre en communication ce canal avec la chambre 1 ; un seul canal peut être mis en communication par le trou 18 avec ladite chambre, tous les autres canaux étant fermés par l'obturateur 17. Dans une position angulaire intermédiaire, illustrée sur la figure 6, le trou 18 se trouve entre deux canaux, auquel cas tous les canaux du piston 11 sont fermés par l'obturateur 17.The selection means S comprises a rotary shutter 17, in the form of a disc, applied against the end of the piston 11 situated inside the cylinder 2. The shutter 17 has a passage hole 18 suitable for coming in line with one end of a channel 13, 13a-13d or 16, to put this channel in communication with the chamber 1; a single channel can be put in communication through the hole 18 with said chamber, all the other channels being closed by the shutter 17. In an intermediate angular position, illustrated in FIG. 6, the hole 18 is located between two channels, at which in this case all the channels of the piston 11 are closed by the shutter 17.

Cet obturateur 17 constitue le fond d'un barillet cylindrique 19 dans lequel est engagé le piston 11. Le barillet 19 a une longueur axiale supérieure à celle du cylindre 12 de manière à conserver une partie 20 à l'extérieur du cylindre 12 lorsque le barillet est totalement enfoncé dans le cylindre 2 comme illustré sur la figure 3. La longueur axiale du barillet 19 est toutefois inférieure à celle du piston 11.This shutter 17 constitutes the bottom of a cylindrical barrel 19 in which the piston 11 is engaged. The barrel 19 has an axial length greater than that of the cylinder 12 so as to keep a part 20 outside of the cylinder 12 when the barrel is fully inserted into the cylinder 2 as illustrated in FIG. 3. The axial length of the barrel 19 is however less than that of the piston 11.

L'obturateur 17, et donc le barillet 19, sont centrés et fixés sur l'extrémité inférieure d'une tige 21 guidée de manière rotative à l'aide de paliers à billes, au voisinage de chacune de ces extrémités, dans un alésage axial du piston 11. L'obturateur 17 est fixé, dans sa partie centrale, sur l'extrémité inférieure de la tige 21, par exemple à l'aide de vis, tandis que l'extrémité supérieure de la tige 21 est liée, suivant la direction axiale, au piston 11.The shutter 17, and therefore the barrel 19, are centered and fixed on the lower end of a rod 21 rotatably guided by means of ball bearings, in the vicinity of each of these ends, in an axial bore of the piston 11. The shutter 17 is fixed, in its central part, on the lower end of the rod 21, for example using screws, while the upper end of the rod 21 is linked, according to the axial direction, to piston 11.

Des moyens d'entraînement en rotation du barillet 19 et de l'obturateur 17 autour de l'axe du piston 11 sont prévus. Ces moyens d'entraînement comprennent une couronne 22 dentée extérieurement fixée au barillet 19 à son extrémité supérieure. Les moyens d'entraînement comprennent, en outre, un moteur électrique 23, de préférence du type pas à pas, dont le stator est fixé sur le bâti 8 ; l'axe de ce moteur 23 est de préférence vertical et entraîne un pignon 24 qui, par un système d'engrenage intermédiaire 25, peut entraîner la couronne 22 en rotation autour de l'axe du piston.Means for rotating the barrel 19 and the shutter 17 around the axis of the piston 11 are provided. These drive means comprise a toothed crown 22 externally fixed to the barrel 19 at its upper end. The drive means further comprise an electric motor 23, preferably of the stepping type, the stator of which is fixed to the frame 8; the axis of this motor 23 is preferably vertical and drives a pinion 24 which, by an intermediate gear system 25, can cause the crown 22 to rotate about the axis of the piston.

Comme illustré schématiquement sur la figure 1, les différents canaux tels que 13 peuvent être reliés, à leur extrémité supérieure, par un conduit 1, de longueur réduite, à un réservoir de liquide, propre à chaque canal.As illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 1, the different channels such as 13 can be connected, at their upper end, by a conduit 1 , of reduced length, to a liquid reservoir, specific to each channel.

Selon la variante illustrée sur la figure 7, un réservoir multi-compartiment est fixé sur la partie supérieure 12 du piston. Ce réservoir 26 comporte autant de compartiments 27, 27a-27d, 28 qu'il y a de canaux dans le piston 11. Le réservoir 26 est constitué, par exemple, par un cylindre à l'intérieur duquel sont prévues des chambres cylindriques 27, 27a-27d et 28 régulièrement réparties autour de l'axe du cylindre. L'extrémité inférieure de ces chambres est fermée par le fond du réservoir qui comporte des passages inclinés tels que 29 reliant chaque compartiment avec l'extrémité supérieure du canal correspondant du piston 11. Les extrémités supérieures des compartiments 27.....28 sont ouvertes.According to the variant illustrated in Figure 7, a multi-compartment tank is fixed on the upper part 12 of the piston. This reservoir 26 comprises as many compartments 27, 27a-27d, 28 as there are channels in the piston 11. The reservoir 26 is constituted, for example, by a cylinder inside which are provided cylindrical chambers 27, 27a-27d and 28 regularly distributed around the axis of the cylinder. The lower end of these chambers is closed by the bottom of the tank which has inclined passages such as 29 connecting each compartment with the upper end of the corresponding channel of the piston 11. The upper ends of the compartments 27 ..... 28 are open.

Chaque compartiment 27, 27a-27d est destiné à un produit liquide différent, tandis que le compartiment 28 constitue une chambre de mélange.Each compartment 27, 27a-27d is intended for a different liquid product, while the compartment 28 constitutes a mixing chamber.

Un logement cylindrique central 30 est prévu pour recevoir, le cas échéant, une résistance électrique pour thermostater le réservoir 26.A central cylindrical housing 30 is provided to receive, if necessary, an electrical resistance for thermostating the tank 26.

Ceci étant, le fonctionnement du dispositif doseur est le suivant.However, the operation of the metering device is as follows.

On considère tout d'abord le cas ou le dispositif D de la figure 1 est utilisé pour prélever et distribuer un seul produit.We first consider the case where the device D of Figure 1 is used to collect and distribute a single product.

Dans la position repos du dispositif D, illustrée sur la figure 3, le volume de la chambre 1 est nul, ou quasiment nul, le cylindre 2 étant remonté au maximum de sorte que l'obturateur 17 s'applique contre le fond 3, de forme conjuguée, du cylindre 2.In the rest position of the device D, illustrated in FIG. 3, the volume of the chamber 1 is zero, or almost zero, the cylinder 2 being raised as much as possible so that the shutter 17 is pressed against the bottom 3, conjugate form, of cylinder 2.

En vue du prélèvement souhaité, une rotation du barillet 19 et de l'obturateur 17 est commandée, à l'aide du moteur 23, lui-même commandé par des instructions venant d'un ensemble électronique E, de manière à placer l'orifice 18 dans l'alignement du canal 13 relié au réservoir R dont on veut prélever du liquide.In view of the desired sampling, a rotation of the barrel 19 and of the shutter 17 is controlled, using the motor 23, itself controlled by instructions from an electronic assembly E, so as to place the orifice 18 in alignment with the channel 13 connected to the reservoir R from which it is desired to withdraw the liquid.

Lorsque le positionnement angulaire de l'obturateur 17 est correct, la descente de la plaque 6 et du piston 2 est commandée par la mise en action du moteur 9 dans le sens convenable. L'amplitude de la course du cylindre 2 est déterminée par l'ensemble de calcul E pour assurer le prélèvement souhaité.When the angular positioning of the shutter 17 is correct, the descent of the plate 6 and of the piston 2 is controlled by the activation of the motor 9 in the proper direction. The amplitude of the stroke of the cylinder 2 is determined by the calculation unit E to ensure the desired sampling.

La plaque 6 et le cylindre 2 sont arrêtés lorsque ce prélèvement a été effectué, par exemple lorsque la chambre 1 occupe le volume moyen représenté sur la figure 1.The plate 6 and the cylinder 2 are stopped when this sampling has been carried out, for example when the chamber 1 occupies the average volume shown in FIG. 1.

La fermeture de la chambre 1 est alors commandée par rotation de l'obturateur 17 afin d'amener l'orifice 18 entre deux canaux, dans une position semblable à celle illustrée sur la figure 6.The closing of the chamber 1 is then controlled by rotation of the shutter 17 in order to bring the orifice 18 between two channels, in a position similar to that illustrated in FIG. 6.

Pour distribuer le volume prélevé, on commande alors la montée de la plaque 6 et du cylindre 2 en faisant tourner le moteur 9 en sens inverse. La pression du liquide contenu dans la chambre 1, totalement fermée, augmente dès que la montée du cylindre 2 s'amorce et provoque l'ouverture du clapet 5 et la distribution du produit par ce clapet.To distribute the withdrawn volume, the rise of the plate 6 and of the cylinder 2 is then controlled by turning the motor 9 in the opposite direction. The pressure of the liquid contained in the chamber 1, completely closed, increases as soon as the rise of the cylinder 2 begins and causes the opening of the valve 5 and the distribution of the product by this valve.

Il est à noter que l'ensemble formé par le bâti 8 et le dispositif D peut être déplaçable, à l'aide d'un ou plusieurs moteurs électriques et de moyens de guidage appropriés, suivant deux directions X,Y non représentées, situées dans un plan horizontal, de sorte que la distribution à travers le clapet 5 peut s'effectuer suivant toute ligne ou surface souhaitée.It should be noted that the assembly formed by the frame 8 and the device D can be movable, using one or more electric motors and suitable guide means, in two directions X, Y not shown, located in a horizontal plane, so that the distribution through the valve 5 can take place along any desired line or surface.

Ceci permet de réaliser soit un dépôt ponctuel, soit un dépôt suivant une ligne ou sur une surface de forme quelconque.This makes it possible to carry out either a point deposition or a deposition along a line or on a surface of any shape.

Il est à noter que la distribution du produit peut être contrôlée en ajustant la vitesse de remontée du cylindre 2 et de la plaque 6 commandée par le moteur 9 et la vis 10.It should be noted that the distribution of the product can be controlled by adjusting the ascent speed of the cylinder 2 and of the plate 6 controlled by the motor 9 and the screw 10.

Dans le cas où l'on souhaite effectuer un prélèvement dosé de plusieurs produits, suivi d'un mélange, et d'une distribution de ce mélange, les opérations sont les suivantes.In the case where it is desired to carry out a metered withdrawal of several products, followed by a mixture, and a distribution of this mixture, the operations are as follows.

Un premier produit est pompé, dosé dans la chambre 1 comme expliqué précédemment mais n'est pas distribué. Autrement dit, le cylindre 2 va rester dans la position qu'il occupe en fin d'aspiration du premier produit, par exemple la position illustrée sur la figure 1.A first product is pumped, dosed in the chamber 1 as explained above but is not dispensed. In other words, the cylinder 2 will remain in the position it occupies at the end of aspiration of the first product, for example the position illustrated in FIG. 1.

On fait alors tourner l'obturateur 17 de manière à amener le trou 18 dans l'alignement d'un autre canal correspondant à un autre produit dont on veut prélever une dose. La rotation de l'obturateur 17 a provoqué la fermeture du canal ayant servi au prélèvement précédent.The shutter 17 is then rotated so as to bring the hole 18 in alignment with another channel corresponding to another product we want to take a dose of. The rotation of the shutter 17 caused the closure of the channel used for the previous sampling.

On commande alors la descente du cylindre 2, par le moteur 9 et la vis 10, d'une distance correspondant au volume que l'on souhaite prélever pour ce deuxième produit.Then the descent of the cylinder 2 is controlled by the motor 9 and the screw 10, by a distance corresponding to the volume which it is desired to take for this second product.

Lorsque cette opération de pompage-dosage est terminée sur le deuxième produit, on recommence l'opération décrite pour un troisième produit. On pompe ainsi précisément d'une façon séquentielle tous les composants du mélange souhaité. Le volume maximum possible pour le mélange prélevé correspond au volume maximum de la chambre 1.When this pumping-dosing operation is completed on the second product, the operation described for a third product is repeated. All the components of the desired mixture are thus pumped precisely in a sequential manner. The maximum possible volume for the sample taken corresponds to the maximum volume of chamber 1.

Il est à noter que la présence de clapets anti-retour 15 à l'extrémité inférieure des canaux de prélèvement permet d'éviter, lors de la rotation du barillet de sélection 19, une quelconque contamination des produits l'un par rapport à l'autre.It should be noted that the presence of non-return valves 15 at the lower end of the sampling channels makes it possible to avoid, during the rotation of the selection barrel 19, any contamination of the products relative to the other.

Lorsque les opérations de pompage et de dosage des différents composants du mélange sont terminées, le barillet 19 et l'obturateur 17 sont mis en rotation, par le moteur 23, jusqu'à faire correspondre le trou 18 avec le canal 16 correspondant à la chambre de mélange. La position de l'obturateur 17 correspond à celle illustrée sur la figure 4.When the pumping and metering operations of the various components of the mixture are completed, the barrel 19 and the shutter 17 are rotated, by the motor 23, until the hole 18 corresponds to the channel 16 corresponding to the chamber mixture. The position of the shutter 17 corresponds to that illustrated in FIG. 4.

La chambre de mélange constituée par un compartiment 28 dans le cas de la figure 7, ou par le réservoir indépendant M dans le cas de la figure 1, a un volume suffisant, au moins égal au volume maximum possible de la chambre 1.The mixing chamber constituted by a compartment 28 in the case of FIG. 7, or by the independent tank M in the case of FIG. 1, has a sufficient volume, at least equal to the maximum possible volume of the chamber 1.

La montée du cylindre 2 est alors commandée par le moteur 9 de façon à refouler le mélange de produits dans la chambre de mélange. Ceci est possible car le clapet 5 est taré, dans le sens de l'ouverture, à une valeur supérieure à la pression nécessaire pour faire passer les produits de la chambre 1 à la chambre de mélange tel que 28. A titre indicatif, le clapet 5 est taré à l'ouverture à 400 grammes force (4 N).The rise of the cylinder 2 is then controlled by the motor 9 so as to discharge the mixture of products into the mixing chamber. This is possible because the valve 5 is calibrated, in the direction of opening, to a value greater than the pressure necessary to pass the products from chamber 1 to the mixing chamber such as 28. As a guide, the valve 5 is tared at the opening to 400 grams force (4 N).

La chambre de mélange 28 se remplit donc de l'intégralité du volume des produits refoulés.The mixing chamber 28 therefore fills with the entire volume of the discharged products.

Lorsque cette opération est terminée, le mélange est réaspiré dans la chambre 1 par un mouvement de descente du cylindre 2 ; puis ce mélange est refoulé de nouveau dans la chambre de mélange 28 par remontée du cylindre 2.When this operation is finished, the mixture is sucked back into the chamber 1 by a downward movement of the cylinder 2; then this mixture is pushed back into the mixing chamber 28 by raising the cylinder 2.

Ces opérations d'aspiration et de refoulement entre la chambre 1 et la chambre de mélange 28 sont répétées un certain nombre de fois pour assurer une bonne homogénéisation du mélange, le nombre d'aspirations et de refoulements dépendant de la nature des produits à mélanger.These suction and discharge operations between the chamber 1 and the mixing chamber 28 are repeated a certain number of times to ensure good homogenization of the mixture, the number of aspirations and discharges depending on the nature of the products to be mixed.

Lorsque l'opération de mélange par va-et-vient de la chambre 1 à la chambre de mélange 28 est terminée, l'intégralité du mélange est aspirée à nouveau dans la chambre 1. Le barillet 19 et l'obturateur 17 sont mis en rotation par le moteur 23 jusqu'à atteindre une position intermédiaire telle que celle illustrée sur la figure 6, pour laquelle le trou 18 est situé entre deux orifices de canaux. La chambre 1 est alors fermée de manière étanche.When the mixing operation back and forth from the chamber 1 to the mixing chamber 28 is complete, the entire mixture is sucked back into chamber 1. The barrel 19 and the shutter 17 are put in place. rotation by the motor 23 until it reaches an intermediate position such as that illustrated in FIG. 6, for which the hole 18 is located between two channel orifices. Chamber 1 is then sealed.

La montée du cylindre 2 est alors commandée par le moteur 9 et la vis 10, ce qui provoque la distribution du mélange à travers le clapet 5 qui s'ouvre sous l'augmentation de pression.The rise of the cylinder 2 is then controlled by the motor 9 and the screw 10, which causes the distribution of the mixture through the valve 5 which opens under the pressure increase.

Le dispositif permet donc de réaliser, en plus d'un pompage-dosage volumétrique et d'une distribution contrôlée, un mélange homogène de différents produits avant de les distribuer.The device therefore makes it possible to produce, in addition to a volumetric pumping-metering and a controlled distribution, a homogeneous mixture of different products before distributing them.

Il est clair qu'il est possible de préparer une quantité de produit supérieure à la quantité exacte à distribuer, le produit en excès pouvant alors faire l'objet d'un stockage via la chambre de mélange 28.It is clear that it is possible to prepare a quantity of product greater than the exact quantity to be dispensed, the excess product then being able to be stored via the mixing chamber 28.

L'ensemble des produits peut être soit à l'air libre, c'est-à-dire à la pression atmosphérique, soit en surpression, et même sous gaz inerte. Dans le cas d'une mise sous pression des produits, dans les réservoirs, il convient de régler en conséquence le tarage des clapets anti-retour 15 et 5.All the products can be either in the open air, that is to say at atmospheric pressure, or under overpressure, and even under inert gas. If the products are pressurized in the tanks, the calibration of the non-return valves 15 and 5 should be adjusted accordingly.

En variante, les clapets anti-retour 15 pourraient être supprimés au bénéfice d'un barillet supplémentaire, qui servirait, par légère rotation, à obturer les orifices d'extrémité des canaux tels que 13 du piston, lors de la sélection du produit par rotation du barillet de sélection 19.As a variant, the non-return valves 15 could be omitted in favor of an additional barrel, which would serve, by slight rotation, to close the end orifices of the channels such as 13 of the piston, during the selection of the product by rotation of the selection barrel 19.

En variante également, la chambre 1, au lieu d'être délimitée par un cylindre 2 et un piston 11, pourrait être délimitée par un soufflet-membrane dont l'extrémité supérieure serait fermée par une sorte de plaque fixe, et dont la partie inférieure pourrait être approchée ou éloignée de la plaque supérieure pour faire varier le volume interne du soufflet.Alternatively also, the chamber 1, instead of being delimited by a cylinder 2 and a piston 11, could be delimited by a bellows-membrane whose upper end would be closed by a sort of fixed plate, and whose lower part could be approached or away from the top plate to vary the internal volume of the bellows.

De nombreuses applications sont possibles par exemple pour la préparation de mélanges liquides, d'émulsions, de pâtes, en chimie de synthèse, en chimie de formulation. Ce dispositif peut également servir à la fabrication de produits liquides ou pâteux, ou comme accessoire d'instrumentation, ou intervenir dans le génie chimique.Many applications are possible, for example for the preparation of liquid mixtures, emulsions, pastes, in synthetic chemistry, in formulation chemistry. This device can also be used for the manufacture of liquid or pasty products, or as an instrumentation accessory, or intervene in chemical engineering.

Le dispositif peut servir à la réalisation d'automates de formulation, ou à une distribution personnalisée en cosmétique capillaire, ou dans le domaine pharmaceutique, alimentaire, ou pour la peinture, la cosmétique de maquillage, les produits ménagers.The device can be used for the production of automatic formulators, or for personalized distribution in hair cosmetics, or in the pharmaceutical, food, or paint, make-up cosmetics, household products.

Le dispositif peut également servir à une distribution technique en salon de coiffure ou dans les hôpitaux.The device can also be used for technical distribution in a hair salon or in hospitals.

En résumé, le dispositif de l'invention permet de réaliser des automates, notamment pour les laboratoires de formulation en général, pour réaliser des distributions automatiques de mélanges personnalisés (chez les coiffeurs par exemple), ainsi que pour les activités de fabrication.In summary, the device of the invention makes it possible to produce automatic machines, in particular for formulation laboratories in general, for carrying out automatic distributions of personalized mixtures (at hairdressers for example), as well as for manufacturing activities.

Claims (15)

Dispositif doseur pour prélever un volume de produit liquide, pâteux ou pulvérulent, à partir d'au moins un réservoir, et pour distribuer ensuite tout ou partie du volume prélevé, comprenant : - une chambre de volume variable délimitée par la paroi interne d'un cylindre et par un piston constituant un organe de fermeture, le cylindre et le piston pouvant avoir un mouvement de déplacement relatif en translation, suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe du cylindre, ledit organe de fermeture étant traversé par au moins un canal sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du cylindre, - des moyens de liaison de la chambre avec l'extérieur, - des moyens de commande des variations du volume de la chambre permettant d'assurer une aspiration ou un refoulement selon que la chambre augmente ou diminue de volume, - et un moyen de sélection prévu à une extrémité du canal de l'organe de fermeture, caractérisé par le fait : - que le canal (13) débouche, à son autre extrémité, vers le réservoir (R) ; - que le moyen de sélection (S) est prévu pour relier l'un des canaux (13, 13a-13d, 16) à la chambre (1) et comprend un obturateur rotatif (17) muni d'un trou de passage (18) propre à être amené au droit d'une extrémité d'un canal (13, 13a-13d, 16) du piston (11) associé au réservoir dont on veut prélever un volume de produit ; - et qu'un orifice de distribution (4) est prévu dans la paroi de la chambre, cet orifice étant équipé d'un moyen d'obturation (C) propre a être fermé lors de l'aspiration dans la chambre et à être ouvert pour la distribution. Dosing device for withdrawing a volume of liquid, pasty or powdery product, from at least one reservoir, and for then dispensing all or part of the volume withdrawn, comprising: a chamber of variable volume delimited by the internal wall of a cylinder and by a piston constituting a closure member, the cylinder and the piston being able to have a movement of relative displacement in translation, in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder , said closure member being traversed by at least one channel substantially parallel to the axis of the cylinder, - means of connecting the room with the outside, means for controlling variations in the volume of the chamber making it possible to ensure suction or discharge according to whether the chamber increases or decreases in volume, - And a selection means provided at one end of the channel of the closing member, characterized by the fact : - That the channel (13) opens, at its other end, towards the reservoir (R); - that the selection means (S) is provided for connecting one of the channels (13, 13 a -13 d , 16) to the chamber (1) and comprises a rotary shutter (17) provided with a through hole (18) suitable for being brought to the right of one end of a channel (13, 13a-13d, 16) of the piston (11) associated with the reservoir from which a volume of product is to be taken; - And that a dispensing orifice (4) is provided in the wall of the chamber, this orifice being equipped with a closure means (C) suitable for being closed during suction in the chamber and for being open for distribution. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le piston (11) est fixe par rapport à un bâti (8) tandis que les moyens de commande assurent un déplacement alternatif en translation du cylindre (2) suivant son axe.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (11) is fixed relative to a frame (8) while the control means ensure an alternative displacement in translation of the cylinder (2) along its axis. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'obturateur (17) est placé à l'extrémité interne du piston (11), cet obturateur étant monté rotatif autour de l'axe géométrique du piston, la commande de la rotation de l'obturateur (17) pouvant être effectuée de l'extérieur du cylindre (2).Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the obturator (17) is placed at the internal end of the piston (11), this obturator being rotatably mounted around the geometric axis of the piston, the control of the rotation of the shutter (17) which can be carried out from outside the cylinder (2). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'obturateur (17) constitue le fond d'un barillet cylindrique (19), dans lequel est engagé le piston (11), ledit barillet (19) ayant une longueur axiale supérieure à celle du cylindre (2) de manière à conserver une partie (20) à l'extérieur du cylindre, lorsque le barillet est totalement enfoncé dans le cylindre.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shutter (17) constitutes the bottom of a cylindrical barrel (19), in which the piston (11) is engaged, said barrel (19) having an axial length greater than that of the cylinder (2) so as to keep a part (20) outside the cylinder, when the barrel is fully inserted into the cylinder. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que la partie extérieure (20) du barillet (19) comporte des moyens (22) d'entraînement en rotation de ce barillet, autour de l'axe géométrique du cylindre, le piston (11) présentant une partie qui reste à l'extérieur du barillet.Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the external part (20) of the barrel (19) comprises means (22) for driving this barrel in rotation, around the geometric axis of the cylinder, the piston (11 ) with a part which remains outside the barrel. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens d'entraînement comprennent une couronne dentée (22) dont le plan moyen est orthogonal à l'axe du barillet (19), cette couronne dentée (22) étant propre à coopérer avec un pignon (25) entraîné par un moteur électrique (23), en particulier un moteur pas à pas.Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the drive means comprise a toothed ring (22) whose mean plane is orthogonal to the axis of the barrel (19), this toothed ring (22) being adapted to cooperate with a pinion (25) driven by an electric motor (23), in particular a stepping motor. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'obturateur (17) et le barillet (19) sont centrés et fixés sur l'extrémité d'une tige(21) montée rotative dans un alésage axial du piston (11).Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the shutter (17) and the barrel (19) are centered and fixed on the end of a rod (21) rotatably mounted in an axial bore of the piston (11). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que pour un prélèvement séquentiel de plusieurs produits, l'organe de fermeture (F) de la chambre, en particulier le piston (11), comporte plusieurs canaux parallèles (13, 13a-13d, 16) répartis autour de l'axe, chaque canal (13, 13a-13d), sauf un (16), étant relié à un réservoir de liquide différent (27, 27a-27d), le dernier (16) de ces canaux étant relié à une chambre de mélange (28).Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for a sequential sampling of several products, the closing member (F) of the chamber, in particular the piston (11), comprises several parallel channels (13, 13a -13d, 16) distributed around the axis, each channel (13, 13a-13d), except one (16), being connected to a different liquid reservoir (27, 27a-27d), the last (16) of these channels being connected to a mixing chamber (28). Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que chaque canal (13, 13a-13d) du piston relié à un réservoir de produit est muni, à son extrémité inférieure, d'un clapet anti-retour (15) tandis que le canal (16) relié à la chambre de mélange (28) est dépourvu d'un tel clapet anti-retour.Device according to claim 8, characterized in that each channel (13, 13a-13d) of the piston connected to a product reservoir is provided, at its lower end, with a non-return valve (15) while the channel (16) connected to the mixing chamber (28) is devoid of such a non-return valve. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen d' obturation (C) de l'orifice de distribution (4) est constitué par un clapet (5) taré à un niveau suffisant, de manière à ne s'ouvrir que pour une pression largement supérieure à celle nécessaire pour faire passer le ou les produits dans la chambre de mélange (28).Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing means (C) of the dispensing orifice (4) consists of a valve (5) calibrated to a sufficient level, so as to open only for a pressure much higher than that necessary to pass the product or products in the mixing chamber (28). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que la commande du déplacement en translation du cylindre (2) est assurée par un moteur électrique (9), en particulier pas à pas, commandant une vis (10) qui agit sur un écrou lié au cylindre.Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the control of the displacement in translation of the cylinder (2) is ensured by an electric motor (9), in particular step by step, controlling a screw (10) which acts on a linked nut to the cylinder. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif comprend un réservoir multi-compartiment (26), chaque compartiment (27, 27a-27d,28) étant relié à un canal (13, 13a-13d, 16) de l'organe de fermeture (F), notamment du piston (11), tous les compartiments (27, 27a-27d) sauf un (28) étant affectés à un produit, le dernier (28) de ces compartiments constituant une chambre de mélange, ce récipient multi-compartiment (26) étant fixé directement au-dessus de la face extérieure de l'organe de fermeture (F), ou du piston (11), où débouchent les canaux.Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the device comprises a multi-compartment tank (26), each compartment (27, 27a-27d, 28) being connected to a channel (13, 13a-13d, 16) of the closing member (F), in particular of the piston (11), all the compartments (27, 27a-27d) except one (28) being assigned to a product, the last (28) of these compartments constituting a mixing chamber, this multi-compartment container (26) being fixed directly above the external face of the closure member (F), or of the piston (11), where the channels open. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait qu'un thermostat avec résistance chauffante est prévu, au coeur (30) du réservoir, et est intégré au système.Device according to claim 12, characterized in that a thermostat with a heating resistance is provided, at the heart (30) of the tank, and is integrated into the system. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que les différents produits sont contenus dans des réservoirs (R) séparés les uns des autres, chaque réservoir (R) étant relié par une tubulure, aussi réduite que possible, à l'extrémité d'un canal (13) du piston (11), un réservoir (M), initialement dépourvu de produit, servant de réservoir de mélange et étant relié également à un canal (16) du piston.Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the different products are contained in tanks (R) separated from each other, each tank (R) being connected by a tube, as small as possible, at the end of a channel (13) of the piston (11), a reservoir (M), initially devoid of product, serving as a mixing reservoir and also being connected to a channel (16) of the piston. Procédé pour réaliser le mélange des divers produits avec un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8, 12 ou 14, caractérisé par le fait que l'on prélève séquentiellement, dans la chambre (1) de volume variable, les volumes nécessaires des différents produits pour réaliser le mélange, et que l'on refoule tous ces produits prélevés dans une chambre de mélange (28, M) et que, par mouvements alternatifs successifs, on aspire et on refoule le mélange de la chambre de mélange (28, M) vers la chambre de volume variable (1) et inversement, de manière à homogénéiser le mélange.Method for mixing the various products with a device according to one of Claims 8, 12 or 14, characterized in that the necessary volumes of the various products are taken sequentially from the chamber (1) of variable volume to carry out the mixing, and that all of these products withdrawn into a mixing chamber (28, M) and that, by successive reciprocating movements, the mixture is drawn up and discharged from the mixing chamber (28, M) towards the variable volume chamber (1) and vice versa, so as to homogenize the mixture.
EP93403097A 1993-01-06 1993-12-20 Proportioning devices for distributing volumes of products and method for mixing them Expired - Lifetime EP0606798B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9300045A FR2700160B1 (en) 1993-01-06 1993-01-06 Metering device for withdrawing and distributing a volume of product and method for mixing several products using such a metering device.
FR9300045 1993-01-06

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DE102007024028A1 (en) * 2007-05-22 2008-11-27 Bühler AG Device for pouring consumed products
US10947105B2 (en) * 2018-11-22 2021-03-16 Maksim Nilov Hand held, volumetric multi material dispenser

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EP0606798B1 (en) 1997-04-09
FR2700160B1 (en) 1995-03-10
FR2700160A1 (en) 1994-07-08
ES2099929T3 (en) 1997-06-01
US5429276A (en) 1995-07-04
DE69309643D1 (en) 1997-05-15
JP2530419B2 (en) 1996-09-04

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