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• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K7/50—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link
  • C07K7/54—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link with at least one abnormal peptide link in the ring
  • C07K7/56—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link with at least one abnormal peptide link in the ring the cyclisation not occurring through 2,4-diamino-butanoic acid
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
  • C07K7/22—Tachykinins, e.g. Eledoisins, Substance P; Related peptides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K7/64—Cyclic peptides containing only normal peptide links

Definitions

• the invention refers to cyclic hexapeptide analogues of tachykinines of general formula (I)
• R 1 H, linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl
• R 3 H, natural or not natural amino acid free or protected side chain
• R 3 ((H 2 ) n -R"
• n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• R" cyclooctyl, adamantyl, cyclohexyl, naphthyl
• R" phenyl when n is other than 1
• a 2 Trp, DTrp
• W CO-NR' , CH 2 -NR'
• R' H, CH 3 and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts with acids or organic or inorganic bases.
• Tachykinins antagonist compounds of foraula (I) prove to be effective in the treatment of diseases where tachykinins play a pathogenic role, in particular in the treatment of arthritis , asthma, inflammations, tumor growth, gastrointestinal hypermotility, Huntington's disease, neuritis, neuralgia, migraine, hypertension, incontinence of urine, urticaria, carcinoid syndrome symptoms , influenza, and cold.
• X stands for an amino acid characterizing each of the tachykinins.
• tachykinins The pharmacological and biochemical results conveyed by the literature show that the biological activity of tachykinins is mediated, in mammals' tissues, by three distinct receptors at least, called NK-1, NK-2, NK-3. Natural tachykinines exhibit a different affinity with such three receptors. Highly potent tachykinins antagonists seem to be effective to reduce or antagonize pathological effects due to an excess of tachykinins in animals or man.
• the first generation tachykinins antagonists described, for instance, in US-A-4,481,139 - scarcely selective - were followed by the second generation ones (EP-A-401,177; EP-A-347,802; GB-A- 2,216,529), more selective.
• This invention refers to cyclic hexapeptide analogues of tachykinins of general formula (I)
• R 1 H, linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl
• R 3 natural or not natural amino acid free or protected side chain or
• R 3 (CH 2 ) n -R"
• n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• R" cyclooctyl, adamantyl, cyclohexyl, naphthyl
• R" phenyl when n is other than 1
• a 2 Trp, DTrp
• W CO-NR' , CH 2 -NR'
• R' H, CH 3 and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts with acids or organic or inorganic bases.
• linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl are selected in the group consisting of : methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl.
• Natural amino acid is selected in the group consisting of : glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, serine. threonine, cysteine. tyrosine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine , arginine, histidine, in their L or D forms.
• Not natural amino acid is selected in group consisting of ⁇ -alanine, D or L 2-aminoisobutyric acid, D or L 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, D or L norleucine, D or L alloisoleucine, D or L pyroglutamic acid, L or D 3-hydroxyproline, L or D 4-hydroxyproline, L or D phenylalanine substituted in the ortho, meta, or para position, L or D thienylalanine, L or D pyridylalanine, ⁇ (2- or 3- benzothienylalanine) , 1,2,3,4 tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxyl acid.
• amino acid chain protectors the following are given special consideration: Mbs, Mtr, NO2, Z, Tos, Pmc, For, Me, Ac. 2- Br-Z, 2-Cl-Z, Bzl, 2,6-dichloro-Bzl, SO3H, Fmoc, OMe, OBzl, OFm, ONp, OSu.
• Protected side chain of a natural or not natural amino acid means, in particular, L or D Arg (Mbs), L or D Arg(Mtr), L or D Arg(NO 2 ), L or D Arg (Z), L or D Arg(Tos), L or D Arg(Pmc), L or D Trp(For), L or D Trp(Mts), L or D Tyr(Me), L or D Tyr(Ac), L or D Tyr(2-Br-Z), L or D Tyr(Bzl), L or D Tyr(2,6-dichloro-Bzl), L or D Tyr(SO 3 H), L or D Ser(Me), L or D Ser(Ac), L or D Ser(Bzl), L or D Ser(2,2-dichloro- Bzl), L or D Ser(SO3H), L or D Lys(Ac), L or D Lys(2-Br-Z), L or D Lys(2-Cl-Z), L or D Lys(Fmoc), L or D Ly
• Substituted carboxamide group means a CONR 5 R 6 group, where R 5 and R 6 are equal or different and represent H or a linear or branched or cyclic alkyl, arylalkyl, aryl residue.
• R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom can form a 5- or 6- terminal cycle including 4 or 5 carbon atoms or groups - CH 2 CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 C H 2 -.
• NR 5 R 6 can mean the residue of benzylamine, phenylethylamine even substituted with a halogen, 1- or 2- naphthylamine, cyclohexylamine, cyclooctylamine, adamantanamine, adamantyl-methylamine.
• the cyclic peptide analogues covered by the present invention can be prepared by known synthetic techniques in the solid phase or in solution.
• solid supports such as resin phenylacetamidomethyl (PAM) or the resin p- hydroxymethylphenoxymethyl (Hang), can be used.
• PAM resin the amine function of amino acids is protected by the t- butyloxycabonyl group which can be selectively deprotected by trifluoracetic acid, whilst final deprotection - with simultaneous peptide detachment from the polymer support - is secured by anhydrous hydrofluoric acid.
• the amino acid amine function is protected by the 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group (Fmoc), selectively deprotected by piperidine, whilst final deprotonation - with simultaneous peptide detachment from the polymer support - is secured by trifluoracetic acid.
• Fmoc 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group
• each amino acid is made to react in the form of free acid, in the presence of a suitable coupling agent , e . g. dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC) , used with additives , if any, such as hydroxybenzothiazole (HOBT) or benzothiazolyl-N- oxytridlmethylaminophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) ; as an alternative, the amino acid can be made to react in the form of symmetric anhydride, activated ester, or according to any of the other methods described in literature. Amino acid coupling reaction completion can be ninhydrin tested, as described by E.T. Kaiser et al. , Anal.Biochem. , 1970, 34 , 595.
• DCC dicyclohexyl carbodiimide
• BOP benzothiazolyl-N- oxytridlmethylaminophosphonium hexafluorophosphate
• Amino acids whose side chain is represented by the (CH 2 ) n -R" group can be synthesized by known organic chemistry techniques, such as, e.g., those described by Evans et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112 (1990) 4011-4030; G.C. Barret, Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Amino Acids, Ed. G.C. Barret, Chapman & Hall, London, 1985, 246-296.
• N- methoxymethylamide as per formula 2 is prepared from the corresponding N-protected amino acid.
• the said amino acid is dissolved in methylene chloride; the solution is added with an equimolar amount of hydroxybenzotriazole and stirred for 20 minutes.
• a sterically hindered tertiary amine e.g. diisopropylethylamine
• the resulting mixture is kept under stirring for about 16 hours, after which it is washed with dilute aqueous HCl, with an NaHCO3 saturated solution, as well as with an NaCl saturated solution.
• the desired product can be purified, e.g. by chromatography on silica gel.
• N-methoxymethylamide as per formula 3 is reduced to produce the corresponding aldehyde as per formula 4.
• the mixture is treated with a solution of acid potassium sdphate in water.
• the product is then isolated by extraction, with
• ether of the aqueous phase: for this purpose the ether phase is washed with dilute aqueous HCl, with NaCO 3 saturated solution, and with an NaCl saturated solution.
• the aldehyde as per formula 4 is allowed to react with the compound as per formula 6, or with the N-terminal end of a pentapeptide chain bound to the resin by a ⁇ -alanine residue.
• the initial Schiff base is reduced in situ, e.g. by sodium cyanoborohydride, to give a modified hexapeptide bound to the resin as per formula 7.
• the suitably freeze-dried raw peptide is purified to homogeneity, e.g. by high pressure reversed-phase preparative chromatography.
• Cyclic peptide synthesis can be obtained via cyclization in solution after preparation - according to one of the aforementioned methods, in the solution or solid phase - of the linear precursor of the desired cyclic peptide. Cyclization is performed with condensing agents and, if necessary, by activating the C-terminal carboxyl group of the cyclic precursor.
• Carboxyl group deprotection is obtained by dissolving 300 mg benzyl ester in 40 mL aqueous 952 ethyl alcohol and adding the solution to a suspension of 100 mg Pd/C (10% Pd) in 6 mL 95% aqueous ethyl alcohol. The environment is saturated with hydrogen and the reacting mixture is kept under hydrogen environment for 2 hours. Then, the solution is filtered and dried.
• Boc- ⁇ Ala-PAM resin (Bachem, Switzerland), equal to 0.45 mmoles of amine groups, is fed to a Labortec SP 640 semi-automatic peptide synthesis reactor.
• the resin is washed as described in Table 1, cydes 6-7.
• symmetric anhydride is prepared by dissolution of 0.48 g Boc-Phe-OH in 5 mL dichloromethane. The solution temperature is brought to 0oC and added with 0.9 mL of a 1M solution of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in dichloromethane. After 15 minutes, dlcyclohexylurea is filtered and the resulting solution is added to the deprotected resin. The resin is kept under stirring at ambient temperature for 60 minutes (cycle 8). The procedure is completed by washing (cycles 9-12) and the reaction is ninhydrin-tested by the Kaiser method.
• Boc-Trp-OH (0.548 g)
• Boc-Gln-OH (0.443 g)
• Boc- Asp(NHBzl)-OH (0.581 g).
• Boc-Leu-H (0.242 g) dissolved in a dimethylformamide solution containing 5 mL 1% acetic acid is added to the resin; 5 mL of an NaBH 3 CN solution (70 mg) in a dimethylformamide solution containing 5 mL 1% acetic acid is allowed to drip under stirring for 40 minutes.
• the resin is kept under stirring at ambient temperature for about 6 hours.
• the procedure ends with washing (cycles 9-12) after which the ninhydrin test as by the Kaiser method is performed.
• the Boc group is hydrolyzed with 50% TFA.
• the resin is washed (cycles 9-12) and dried under vacuum, with the obtainment of 1.25 g dry product.
• the product is placed in a Teflon reactor with 1.5 mL anisole and 0.75 mL dimethyl sulphide.
• the mixture temperature is brought to -50oC and 15 mL hydrofluoric acid is distilled therein; then the mixture is kept under stirring for 60 min. in an ice bath.
• Hydrofluoric acid is removed by nitrogen blowing.
• the raw product is dried under suction for about 2 hours, is washed with ethyl ether (15 mL twice), extracted in 50% acetic acid (15 mL three times) and filtered in a fritted disc filter funnel to remove the exhaust resin.
• the resdting solution is diluted with water and freeze-dried to yield 0.210 g raw product.
• the cyclic peptide (ii) is purified by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and characterized by andyticd HPLC, Waters C18 Deltapack 3.9 ⁇ 150 mm column with an acetonitrile gradient containing 0.1% (v/v) trifluoracetic acid (phase B) vs. 0.1% (v/v) aqueous trifluoracetic acid (phase A), as well as 20 to 80% phase B, in 20 min., at a rate of 1 mL/min., with 210 nm UV monitoring.
• Retention time (Rt) 10.6': chromatographic purity: >99%.
• the ability of the peptides described in the present invention to interact with the neurokinine A receptor as agodsts or antagodsts was assessed through an in vitro test.
• the preparation used for the test was characterized by the fact that the biological response produced by tachykinins and related peptides was exclusively determined by the neurokinine A receptor (receptor NK-2).
• the sdd preparation consisted of isolated rabbit pulmonary artery affected by a dose dependent contraction brought about by tachykinins (Rovero et d., Neuropeptides, 1989, 13, 263-270).
• the determination of peptide activity in the test preparation was based on the use of an NKA concentration (3 nm) causing a response equd to 45% of max.
• the peptides considered herein were added to the preparation in growing concentrations. Their activity was assessed as inhibition of response to NKA.
• the capacity of the peptides described herein to interact with the P substance receptor (receptor NK-1) as agonists or antagonists was assessed through an in vitro test, where the biological response produced by tachykinins and related peptides was exclusively determined at the SP receptor.
• the test preparation consisted of isolated guinea pig ileum affected by a dose-dependent contraction (Lee et al. , Schnied. Arch. Pharmacol. , 1982, 318, 281-287) .
• the determination of peptide activity in the test preparation was based on the use of an SP methyl ester concentration (10 nm) causing a response equal to 45% of max. response (S. Dion et al. , Life Sc ., 1987 , 41 , 2269-2278) .
• the peptides considered herein were added to the preparation in growing concentrations. Their activity was assessed as inhibition of response to SP with satisfactory results .
• the compounds covered by the invention are suitable for therapeutical administration to higher animals and nan by the parenteral. oral, dermic, nasal , inhalatory and sublingual ways, with pharmaceutical effects matching the described properties.
• parenteral administration intravenous, intramuscular, intradermal
• sterile solutions or freeze-dried preparations of the compounds are to be used.
• oral administration preparations such as tablets, capsul es and syrups are convedently used.
• Suitably dosed ointments and creams are utilizable by the dermic way.
• the compounds to be used are respectively aqueous solutions, aerosol preparations, or capsul es.
• Doses for therapeutical treatment range from 0.1 to 10 mg/kg body weight .

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• 1992
  • 1992-08-03 WO PCT/EP1992/001760 patent/WO1993003059A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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