EP0594689B1 - Sub-calibre projectile with discarding cap - Google Patents

Sub-calibre projectile with discarding cap Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0594689B1
EP0594689B1 EP92914875A EP92914875A EP0594689B1 EP 0594689 B1 EP0594689 B1 EP 0594689B1 EP 92914875 A EP92914875 A EP 92914875A EP 92914875 A EP92914875 A EP 92914875A EP 0594689 B1 EP0594689 B1 EP 0594689B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
projectile
segments
sub
calibre
calibre projectile
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EP92914875A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0594689A1 (en
Inventor
Elmar Bilgeri
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Steyr Daimler Puch AG
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Steyr Daimler Puch AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/064—Sabots enclosing the rear end of a kinetic energy projectile, i.e. having a closed disk shaped obturator base and petals extending forward from said base

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sub-caliber projectile with a projectile core and a detachable cage, which consists of segments which pass over webs forming predetermined breaking points into foot parts which are fastened to a propelling part.
  • a detachable cage which consists of segments which pass over webs forming predetermined breaking points into foot parts which are fastened to a propelling part.
  • a sub-caliber projectile with a detachable cage which consists of segments which are torn off by air forces after leaving the barrel.
  • a conical inflow trough is provided on the cage tip at the same height as the projectile tip, the effect of which is that radially outward forces are formed by the dynamic pressure in this trough, which lead to the segments being torn apart.
  • a hypersonic flow is characterized, among other things, by the fact that the shock wave emanating from a leading edge contacts the body around which the flow is flowing, so that no back pressure can develop. In extreme cases, the segments then no longer open at all.
  • the aim of the invention to avoid the effects of the detaching cage and propelling parts on the projectile with certainty at bullets of the highest initial speed to achieve high accuracy.
  • the effect of the flow against the projectile should lead to a synchronous detachment of the segments, while the angles between the segments remain the same.
  • each of the segments has two roof-shaped inclined surfaces, which form a ridge in the weft direction, which lies in the plane of symmetry of the segment.
  • the roof-shaped design of the symmetrical guiding surfaces ensures that the resultant force of the air forces points outwards precisely in the plane of symmetry of the segment, even with hypersonic flow.
  • the ridge formed by the roof-shaped surfaces runs radially inwards to the rear (claim 2).
  • the roof-like surfaces on the outer circumference of the cage are surrounded by an essentially cylindrical wall (claim 3). This protects the roof surfaces from damage during handling and loading. Damage (especially if the segments are made of plastic) could nullify the effect of the invention.
  • the segments project forward beyond the tip of the projectile core (claim 4). This not only protects the tip of the projectile core from dirt and damage, but also provides more space for the roof-shaped surfaces.
  • the driving part engages at the rear end of the projectile (claim 5).
  • the danger of the projectile core being adversely affected by the sloping segments is further reduced, and in the case of a wing-stabilized projectile the damage to the wings.
  • the foot parts of the segments are clamped in the driving part between a pressure plate and a pressure piece (claim 6).
  • the clamping of the foot parts between the pressure piece and the pressure plate ensures that the segments are separated at the same time and precisely at the predetermined breaking points.
  • This also has the advantage that the pressure plate and the pressure piece are separate parts and you are free in the choice of materials and also the foot parts can be easily assembled.
  • the pressure plate has a centering mandrel at the rear which is pressed into the pressure piece (claim 7).
  • This attachment enables particularly high forces to be optimally transmitted to the projectile and the foot parts are particularly reliably and firmly clamped in, so that no effect can occur on the projectile even when the segment parts are torn off.
  • the core of an arrow projectile is denoted by 1 and has a tip 2, a recess 3 for positioning, a cylindrical part 4 for receiving stabilizing wings 5 and a conical rear part 6. But it could also be a spin-stabilized projectile or a projectile without a stabilizing wing.
  • the projectile 1 is surrounded by a cage 10, which can consist of a suitable plastic and which consists of segments 11, which may or may not be connected to one another and may have openings 12 or other shaped elements which are not essential to the invention.
  • the segments 11 pass over webs 13 forming predetermined breaking points into foot parts 14 which are fastened between a pressure plate 15 made of high-strength steel or titanium and a pressure piece 18 in a manner to be described.
  • the pressure plate 15 has a conical receptacle 19 at the front for a conical rear part 6 of the projectile and at the rear a centering mandrel 16 with circumferential grooves 17 of barb-like profile.
  • the pressure plate 15 is on the outer periphery of the Surround walls of the segments 11, which are very thin at this point in the present exemplary embodiments in order to create space for the stabilizing wings 5.
  • versions without such are also conceivable.
  • the front parts of the segments 11 protrude beyond the projectile tip 2 and close it together.
  • the individual segments 11 have guide surfaces 40, 41 there, the design of which significantly improves the opening of the segments 11 after leaving the barrel.
  • the pressure piece 18 is made of a suitable plastic and consists of a peripheral wall 21 which forms a driving cup 22 in its lower part. In its upper part runs a cylindrical groove 23, which are used to fasten the foot parts 14 of the segments 11. In the present case, these are individual segments 11, but all of them could also be a part connected to predetermined breaking points.
  • the segments 11 pass over the web 13 into a radially directed flange part 25, to which a collar part 24 adjoins, which is inserted into the cylindrical groove 23.
  • the peripheral wall 21 is shortened at the top to create space for the flange parts and for a mounting ring 26.
  • the centering mandrel 16 of the pressure plate 15 is pressed into a central part 27, as a result of which the foot parts 14 are held firmly between the pressure piece 18 and the pressure plate 15.
  • the centering mandrel 16 has circumferential grooves 17 with a barb-like profile, which facilitate the pressing of the mandrel into a bore in the central part 27, but prevent it from being pulled out.
  • the plastic which consists of the pressure piece 18, is selected so that there is a gas pressure acting on the driving cup easy expansion and thus sealing against the barrel results and that this plastic also has good sliding behavior.
  • the mounting ring 26 facilitates the assembly of the projectile if it consists of individual segments: the individual segments 11 are placed around the projectile 1 with the pressure plate 15 attached, and the assembly ring is then pushed over it. As a result, the individual segments 11 are connected to one another until the pressure piece 18 is pressed onto the centering mandrel 16 and the foot parts 14 are then held in this way.
  • the pressure piece 18 consists of individual disks 31 of a suitable plastic, which are firmly connected to one another by ultrasound or friction welding, and thus form a compact block which again provides the desired sealing, sliding and and has strength properties.
  • the mandrel 16 of the pressure plate 15 is also pressed into this.
  • the foot parts 14 of the sigments 11 are only flange-flange parts 32, to which a ring 33 with claws 34 is then connected again. This ring is sufficient in this embodiment to hold the flange parts 32 and also acts as a mounting ring in the manner described above.
  • FIG. 3 shows the disintegrating cage for both embodiments according to the invention after leaving the barrel. Under the action of the air flow 35, the segments are pressed apart. It can be seen that all (in this case) four segments are folded away from the projectile axis by the same angle, at which the predetermined breaking points 13 therefore break at the same time. Due to the braking effect, the speed the segments with the propelling parts are delayed so much before the predetermined breaking points take effect that the propelling parts remain with the segments without touching the projectile in any way.
  • the front part of a segment 11 is shown in detail in FIG.
  • the two surfaces 40, 41 are inclined at the same angle and form a ridge 42. In the example shown, they are flat surfaces, but they could also be spiral surfaces depending on the production method.
  • the cylindrical wall 44 only has an effect at lower speeds, but in any case protects the sensitive ridge 42 from damage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

In the sub-calibre projectile proposed, the discarding cap (10) is made up of segments (11) whose bases (14) are secured between a pressure plate (15) and a pressure piece (18). In order to ensure that all the sabot segments (11) fall away reliably and precisely, the front end of each segment (11) has two surfaces (40, 41) inclined at an angle to each other in the shape of a roof to form a head (42).

Description

Die Erfindung handelt von einem unterkalibrigem Geschoß mit einem Geschoßkern und einem abwerfbaren Käfig, der aus Segmenten besteht, die über Sollbruchstellen bildende Stege in Fußteile übergehen, die an einem Treibteil befestigt sind. Mit derartigen Geschossen können sehr hohe Anfangsgeschwindigkeiten und damit große Einsatzschußweiten erzielt werden. Dadurch spielt die Zielgenauigkeit eine noch größere Rolle und es müssen Maßnahmen getroffen werden, daß weder der Treibspiegel noch die nach Verlassen des Laufes abfallenden Teile, der Zielgenauigkeit abträgliche Wirkungen auf das Geschoß ausüben.The invention relates to a sub-caliber projectile with a projectile core and a detachable cage, which consists of segments which pass over webs forming predetermined breaking points into foot parts which are fastened to a propelling part. With such bullets, very high initial speeds and thus large firing ranges can be achieved. As a result, the target accuracy plays an even greater role and measures must be taken so that neither the sabot nor the parts falling off after leaving the barrel, the target accuracy have negative effects on the projectile.

Aus der DE-B 1 262 830 ist beispielsweise ein unterkalibriges Geschoß mit abwerfbarem Käfig bekannt, der aus Segmenten besteht, die nach dem Verlassen des Laufes durch Luftkräfte abgerissen werden. Für den Angriff der Luftkräfte ist an der Käfigspitze auf gleicher Höhe mit der Geschoßspitze eine konische Einströmmulde vorgesehen, deren Wirkung darin besteht, daß sich durch den Staudruck in dieser Mulde radial auswärts gerichtete Kräfte bilden, die zum Auseinanderreißen der Segmente führen.From DE-B 1 262 830, for example, a sub-caliber projectile with a detachable cage is known, which consists of segments which are torn off by air forces after leaving the barrel. For the attack of the air forces, a conical inflow trough is provided on the cage tip at the same height as the projectile tip, the effect of which is that radially outward forces are formed by the dynamic pressure in this trough, which lead to the segments being torn apart.

Unabhängig davon, ob diese Mulde zylindrisch oder konisch ausgebildet ist, sind diese auswärts wirkenden Kräfte über den Umfang nicht gleichmäßig genug verteilt, um ein ganz gleichzeitiges Auseinanderreißen der Segmente zu gewährleisten. Die geringste Ungleichmäßigkeit, egal ob beim Auseinanderreißen Sollbruchstellen zu überwinden sind oder nicht, führt zu Rückwirkungen der wegbrechenden Segmente auf das Geschoß, die dessen Zielgenauigkeit beeinträchtigen.Regardless of whether this trough is cylindrical or conical, these outward forces are not distributed evenly enough over the circumference to be completely simultaneous Ensure tearing apart the segments. The slightest unevenness, regardless of whether or not breaking points are to be overcome, leads to repercussions of the breaking away segments on the projectile, which impair its accuracy.

Bei extrem schnellen Geschoßen besteht außerdem das Problem, daß die Anfangsgeschwindigkeit des Geschosses MACH-Zahlen von fünf und darüber erreicht, was eine Umströmung mit Hyperschall bedeutet. Eine Hyperschallströmung ist unter anderem dadurch charakterisiert, daß sich die von einer Anströmkante ausgehende Stoßwelle an den umströmten Körper anlegt, sodaß sich kein Staudruck mehr ausbilden kann. Die Segmente öffnen sich dann im Extremfall überhaupt nicht mehr.With extremely fast projectiles there is also the problem that the initial speed of the projectile reaches MACH numbers of five and above, which means hypersonic flow around it. A hypersonic flow is characterized, among other things, by the fact that the shock wave emanating from a leading edge contacts the body around which the flow is flowing, so that no back pressure can develop. In extreme cases, the segments then no longer open at all.

Es ist daher Ziel der Erfindung, bei Geschossen höchster Anfangsgeschwindigkeit zur Erreichung hoher Treffsicherheit Wirkungen der sich ablösenden Käfig- und Treibteile auf das Geschoß mit Sicherheit zu vermeiden. Insbesondere soll die Wirkung der Anströmung des Geschoßes zu einem synchronen Ablösen der Segmente führen, währenddem auch die Winkel zwischen den Segmenten untereinander gleich bleiben.It is therefore the aim of the invention to avoid the effects of the detaching cage and propelling parts on the projectile with certainty at bullets of the highest initial speed to achieve high accuracy. In particular, the effect of the flow against the projectile should lead to a synchronous detachment of the segments, while the angles between the segments remain the same.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das dadurch erreicht, daß das Vorderende jedes der Segmente zwei dachförmig zueinander geneigte Flächen aufweist, die in Schußrichtung vorne einen First bilden, der in der Symmetrieebene des Segmentes liegt.According to the invention this is achieved in that the front end of each of the segments has two roof-shaped inclined surfaces, which form a ridge in the weft direction, which lies in the plane of symmetry of the segment.

Die dachförmige Ausbildung der symmetrischen Leitflächen gewährleistet eine genau in der Symmetrieebene des Segmentes auswärtsweisende Resultierende der Luftkräfte, auch bei hypersonischer Anströmung.The roof-shaped design of the symmetrical guiding surfaces ensures that the resultant force of the air forces points outwards precisely in the plane of symmetry of the segment, even with hypersonic flow.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung verläuft der von den dachförmigen Flächen gebildete First radial einwärts nach hinten (Anspruch 2). Durch Variation des Winkels zwischen der Geschoßachse und dem First kann die auswärtsweisende Kraftkomponente und auch die Bremswirkung am Beginn des Öffnungsvorganges genau bemessen werden. Als besonders günstig hat sich ein Winkel von rund 45 Grad erwiesen.In a further development of the invention, the ridge formed by the roof-shaped surfaces runs radially inwards to the rear (claim 2). By varying the angle between the projectile axis and the ridge, the outward force component can and the braking effect at the beginning of the opening process must be measured precisely. An angle of around 45 degrees has proven to be particularly favorable.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die dachartigen Flächen am äußeren Umfang des Käfigs von einer im wesentlichen zylindrischen Wand umgeben (Anspruch 3). Dadurch sind die Dachflächen vor Beschädigungen bei der Handhabung und beim Laden geschützt. Beschädigungen könnten (insbesondere wenn die Segmente aus Kunststoff bestehen) die Wirkung der Erfindung wieder zunichte machen.In a development of the invention, the roof-like surfaces on the outer circumference of the cage are surrounded by an essentially cylindrical wall (claim 3). This protects the roof surfaces from damage during handling and loading. Damage (especially if the segments are made of plastic) could nullify the effect of the invention.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ragen die Segmente nach vorne über die Spitze des Geschoßkernes hinaus (Anspruch 4). Dadurch ist nicht nur die Spitze des Geschoßkernes vor Schmutz und Beschädigungen geschützt, sondern es steht auch mehr Platz für die dachförmigen Flächen zur Verfügung.According to a further feature of the invention, the segments project forward beyond the tip of the projectile core (claim 4). This not only protects the tip of the projectile core from dirt and damage, but also provides more space for the roof-shaped surfaces.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung greift der Treibteil am hinteren Ende des Geschosses an (Anspruch 5). Dadurch ist die Gefahr einer Beeinträchtigung des Geschoßkernes durch die abfallenden Segmente weiter verringert, und im Falle eines flügelstabilisierten Geschosses auch die der Beschädigung der Flügel.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the driving part engages at the rear end of the projectile (claim 5). Thereby the danger of the projectile core being adversely affected by the sloping segments is further reduced, and in the case of a wing-stabilized projectile the damage to the wings.

In Weiterbildung dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Fußteile der Segmente im Treibteil zwischen einer Druckplatte und einem Druckstück eingeklemmt (Anspruch 6). Die Klemmung der Fußteile zwischen Druckstück und Druckplatte stellt sicher, daß die Abtrennung der Segmente gleichzeitig und genau an den Sollbruchstellen erfolgt. Dadurch erzielt man auch noch den Vorteil, daß Druckplatte und Druckstück getrennte Teile sind und man in der Werkstoffauswahl frei ist und außerdem die Fußteile leicht montiert werden können.In a further development of this preferred embodiment, the foot parts of the segments are clamped in the driving part between a pressure plate and a pressure piece (claim 6). The clamping of the foot parts between the pressure piece and the pressure plate ensures that the segments are separated at the same time and precisely at the predetermined breaking points. This also has the advantage that the pressure plate and the pressure piece are separate parts and you are free in the choice of materials and also the foot parts can be easily assembled.

Nach einem noch weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung hat die Druckplatte hinten einen Zentrierdorn, der in das Druckstück eingepreßt ist (Anspruch 7). Durch diese Befestigung können besonders hohe Kräfte optimal auf das Geschoß weitergeleitet werden und die Fußteile sind besonders zuverlässig und fest eingeklemmt, sodaß auch beim Abreissen der Segmentteile keine Wirkung auf das Geschoß eintreten kann.According to a still further feature of the invention, the pressure plate has a centering mandrel at the rear which is pressed into the pressure piece (claim 7). This attachment enables particularly high forces to be optimally transmitted to the projectile and the foot parts are particularly reliably and firmly clamped in, so that no effect can occur on the projectile even when the segment parts are torn off.

Schließlich liegt es im Bereich der Erfindung, die Segmente so zu gestalten, daß sie nicht miteinander verbunden sind (Anspruch 8). Die sichere Befestigung der Fußteile und die durch die besondere Gestaltung der Leitflächen an der Spitze der Segmente erzielbaren hohen Kräfte machen es möglich, die Sollbruchstellen so stark auszubilden, daß weitere Verbindungen zwischen den Segmenten nicht nötig sind. Das bringt eine erhebliche Ersparnis bei Fertigung und Montage der einzelnen Segmente.Finally, it is within the scope of the invention to design the segments so that they are not connected to one another (claim 8). The secure fastening of the foot parts and the high forces that can be achieved by the special design of the guide surfaces at the top of the segments make it possible to design the predetermined breaking points so strongly that further connections between the segments are not necessary. This brings considerable savings in the manufacture and assembly of the individual segments.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Abbildungen näher erläutert.

Fig.1:
Erfindungsgemäßes Geschoß in einer ersten Ausführungsform im Längsschnitt,
Fig.2:
erfindungsgemäßes Geschoß in einer zweiten Ausführungsform im Längsschnitt,
Fig.3:
erfindungsgemäßes Geschoß, verkleinert während der Ablösung,
Fig.4:
vergrößerte Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Leitflächen.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of figures.
Fig.1:
Projectile according to the invention in a first embodiment in longitudinal section,
Fig. 2:
projectile according to the invention in a second embodiment in longitudinal section,
Fig. 3:
projectile according to the invention, reduced during detachment,
Fig. 4:
enlarged representation of the guide surfaces according to the invention.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist der Geschoßkern eines Pfeilgeschoßes mit 1 bezeichnet und weist eine Spitze 2, eine Eindrehung 3 zur Postitionierung, einen zylindrischen Teil 4 zur Aufnahme von Stabilisierungsflügeln 5 und ein konisches Hinterteil 6 auf. Es könnte sich aber auch um ein drallstabilisiertes Geschoß oder um ein Geschoß ganz ohne Stabilisierungsflügel handeln.In Figures 1 and 2, the core of an arrow projectile is denoted by 1 and has a tip 2, a recess 3 for positioning, a cylindrical part 4 for receiving stabilizing wings 5 and a conical rear part 6. But it could also be a spin-stabilized projectile or a projectile without a stabilizing wing.

Das Geschoß 1 ist von einem Käfig 10 umgeben, der aus einem geeigneten Kunststoff bestehen kann und der aus Segmenten 11 besteht, welche miteinander verbunden sein können oder nicht und Durchbrechungen 12 oder andere Formelemente aufweisen können, die für die Erfindung unwesentlich sind. Die Segmente 11 gehen über Sollbruchstellen bildende Stege 13 in Fußteile 14 über, die zwischen einer Druckplatte 15 aus hochfestem Stahl oder Titan und einem Druckstück 18 in noch zu beschreibender Weise befestigt sind.The projectile 1 is surrounded by a cage 10, which can consist of a suitable plastic and which consists of segments 11, which may or may not be connected to one another and may have openings 12 or other shaped elements which are not essential to the invention. The segments 11 pass over webs 13 forming predetermined breaking points into foot parts 14 which are fastened between a pressure plate 15 made of high-strength steel or titanium and a pressure piece 18 in a manner to be described.

Die Druckplatte 15 weist vorne eine konische Aufnahme 19 für ein konisches Hinterteil 6 des Geschosses auf und hinten einen Zentrierdorn 16 mit Umfangsrillen 17 von widerhakenartigem Profil. Die Druckplatte 15 ist an ihrem äußeren Umfang von den Wänden der Segmente 11 umgeben, die in den vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispielen an dieser Stelle sehr dünn sind, um Raum für die Stabilisierungsflügel 5 zu schaffen. Es sind aber auch Ausführungen ohne solche denkbar.The pressure plate 15 has a conical receptacle 19 at the front for a conical rear part 6 of the projectile and at the rear a centering mandrel 16 with circumferential grooves 17 of barb-like profile. The pressure plate 15 is on the outer periphery of the Surround walls of the segments 11, which are very thin at this point in the present exemplary embodiments in order to create space for the stabilizing wings 5. However, versions without such are also conceivable.

Die Vorderteile der Segmente 11 ragen über die Geschoßspitze 2 hinaus und schließen diese gemeinsam ab. Außerdem weisen die einzelnen Segmente 11 dort Leitflächen 40,41 auf, deren Gestaltung das Öffnen der Segmente 11 nach Verlassen des Laufes wesentlich verbessert.The front parts of the segments 11 protrude beyond the projectile tip 2 and close it together. In addition, the individual segments 11 have guide surfaces 40, 41 there, the design of which significantly improves the opening of the segments 11 after leaving the barrel.

In der in Fig.1 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist das Druckstück 18 aus einem geeigneten Kunststoff hergestellt und besteht aus einer Umfangswand 21, die in ihrem unteren Teil einen Treibbecher 22 bildet. In ihrem oberen Teil verläuft eine zylindrische Nut 23, die der Befestigung der Fußteile 14 der Segmente 11 dienen. Im vorliegenden Fall handelt es sich um einzelne Segmente 11, doch könnten auch alle ein mit Sollbruchstellen verbundenes Teil sein. Die Segmente 11 gehen über den Steg 13 in einen radial gerichteten Flanschteil 25 über, an den ein Kragenteil 24 anschließt, der in die zylindrische Nut 23 eingesteckt ist. Die Umfangswand 21 ist oben gekürzt, um Raum für die Flanschteile und für einen Montagering 26 zu schaffen. In einen Zentralteil 27 ist der Zentrierdorn 16 der Druckplatte 15 eingepreßt, wodurch die Fußteile 14 fest zwischen Druckstück 18 und Druckplatte 15 gehalten werden. Um diesen Halt zu verbessern, weist der Zentrierdorn 16 Umfangsrillen 17 mit widerhakenartigem Profil auf, die das Einpressen des Dornes in eine Bohrung des Zentralteiles 27 erleichtern, dessen Herausziehen jedoch verhindern.In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the pressure piece 18 is made of a suitable plastic and consists of a peripheral wall 21 which forms a driving cup 22 in its lower part. In its upper part runs a cylindrical groove 23, which are used to fasten the foot parts 14 of the segments 11. In the present case, these are individual segments 11, but all of them could also be a part connected to predetermined breaking points. The segments 11 pass over the web 13 into a radially directed flange part 25, to which a collar part 24 adjoins, which is inserted into the cylindrical groove 23. The peripheral wall 21 is shortened at the top to create space for the flange parts and for a mounting ring 26. The centering mandrel 16 of the pressure plate 15 is pressed into a central part 27, as a result of which the foot parts 14 are held firmly between the pressure piece 18 and the pressure plate 15. In order to improve this hold, the centering mandrel 16 has circumferential grooves 17 with a barb-like profile, which facilitate the pressing of the mandrel into a bore in the central part 27, but prevent it from being pulled out.

Der Kunststoff, aus dem Druckstück 18 besteht, ist so gewählt, daß sich unter dem auf den Treibbecher wirkenden Gasdruck eine leichte Aufweitung und damit Abdichtung gegenüber dem Lauf ergibt und daß dieser Kunststoff außerdem gutes Gleitverhalten aufweist.The plastic, which consists of the pressure piece 18, is selected so that there is a gas pressure acting on the driving cup easy expansion and thus sealing against the barrel results and that this plastic also has good sliding behavior.

Der Montagering 26 erleichtert den Zusammenbau des Geschosses, wenn es aus einzelnen Segmenten besteht: Um das Geschoß 1 mit angesetzter Druckplatte 15 werden die einzelnen Segmente 11 angelegt und sodann der Montagering darübergeschoben. Dadurch sind die einzelnen Segmente 11 miteinander verbunden, bis das Druckstück 18 auf den Zentrierdorn 16 aufgepreßt ist und die Fußteile 14 dann auf diese Weise festgehalten werden.The mounting ring 26 facilitates the assembly of the projectile if it consists of individual segments: the individual segments 11 are placed around the projectile 1 with the pressure plate 15 attached, and the assembly ring is then pushed over it. As a result, the individual segments 11 are connected to one another until the pressure piece 18 is pressed onto the centering mandrel 16 and the foot parts 14 are then held in this way.

In der Ausführungsform der Fig.2 besteht das Druckstück 18 aus einzelnen Scheiben 31 eines geeigneten Kunststoffes, die fest miteinander verbunden sind, durch Ultraschall-, oder Reib-, schweißen und so einen kompakten Block bilden, der wieder die erwünschten Dicht-, Gleit- und Festigkeitseigenschaften aufweist. In diesen ist auch wieder der Dorn 16 der Druckplatte 15 eingepreßt. Ein weiterer Unterschied gegenüber der Fig.1 besteht darin, daß die Fußteile 14 der Sigmente 11 nur Flansch-Flanschteile 32 sind an die dann wieder ein Ring 33 mit Krallen 34 anschließt. Dieser Ring genügt in dieser Ausführungsform zum Festhalten der Flanschteile 32 und wirkt außerdem in der oben beschriebenen Weise als Montagering.In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the pressure piece 18 consists of individual disks 31 of a suitable plastic, which are firmly connected to one another by ultrasound or friction welding, and thus form a compact block which again provides the desired sealing, sliding and and has strength properties. The mandrel 16 of the pressure plate 15 is also pressed into this. Another difference compared to FIG. 1 is that the foot parts 14 of the sigments 11 are only flange-flange parts 32, to which a ring 33 with claws 34 is then connected again. This ring is sufficient in this embodiment to hold the flange parts 32 and also acts as a mounting ring in the manner described above.

In Figur 3 ist der zerfallende Käfig für beide erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsformen nach Verlassen des Laufes dargestellt. Unter der Wirkung des Luftstromes 35 werden die Segmente auseinander gedrückt. Es ist zu erkennen, daß alle (in diesem Falle) vier Segmente um denselben Winkel von der Geschoßachse weggeklappt sind, bei dem die Sollbruchstellen 13 daher gleichzeitig brechen. Durch die Bremswirkung wird die Geschwindigkeit der Segmente mit den Treibteilen bereits vor Wirkung der Sollbruchstellen so stark verzögert, daß die Treibteile mit den Segmenten zurückbleiben, ohne das Geschoß irgendwie zu berühren.FIG. 3 shows the disintegrating cage for both embodiments according to the invention after leaving the barrel. Under the action of the air flow 35, the segments are pressed apart. It can be seen that all (in this case) four segments are folded away from the projectile axis by the same angle, at which the predetermined breaking points 13 therefore break at the same time. Due to the braking effect, the speed the segments with the propelling parts are delayed so much before the predetermined breaking points take effect that the propelling parts remain with the segments without touching the projectile in any way.

In Fig.4 ist das Vorderteil eines Segmentes 11 genau dargestellt. Die beiden Flächen 40,41 sind um den gleichen Winkel geneigt und bilden einen First 42. Im dargestellten Beispiel handelt es sich um ebene Flächen, sie könnten jedoch auch je nach Fertigungsmethode Wendelflächen sein. Wesentlich ist, daß der First 42 in Symmetrieebene 43 des Segmentes liegt, die natürlich auch die Geschoßachse 36 enthält. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß der mit 35 angedeutete Luftstrom bei Auftreffen auf die Flächen 40,41 eine genau in dieser Symmetrieebene 43 liegende resultierende Radialkraft und, was im Falle durch Sollbruchstellen miteinander verbundener Segmente 11 auch wesentlich ist, ein paar von Umfangskräften erzeugt wodurch auch solche Sollbruchstellen genau gleichzeitig wirken. Die zylindrische Wand 44 wirkt sich nur bei geringeren Geschwindigkeiten aus, schützt aber in jedem Falle den sensiblen First 42 vor Beschädigung.The front part of a segment 11 is shown in detail in FIG. The two surfaces 40, 41 are inclined at the same angle and form a ridge 42. In the example shown, they are flat surfaces, but they could also be spiral surfaces depending on the production method. It is essential that the ridge 42 lies in the plane of symmetry 43 of the segment, which of course also contains the projectile axis 36. This ensures that the air flow indicated at 35 when it hits the surfaces 40, 41 produces a resulting radial force lying exactly in this plane of symmetry 43 and, which is also essential in the case of segments 11 connected to one another by predetermined breaking points, generates a few circumferential forces which also causes such Breakage points act exactly at the same time. The cylindrical wall 44 only has an effect at lower speeds, but in any case protects the sensitive ridge 42 from damage.

Claims (8)

  1. Sub-calibre projectile comprising a core projectile (1) and a discarding cage (10), opened by aerodynamic forces, the cage (10) consisting of segments (11) linked to bases (14) by means of webs (13) constituting breaking points, the bases (14) being secured to a pusher means (15,16,18,31) characterised in that the front end of each segment (11) has two surfaces (40,41) inclined at an angle to each other in the way of a roof which form a ridge (42) at the front end of the projectile in the plane of symmetry of the segment, the plain of symmetry containg the axis of the projectile.
  2. Sub-calibre projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that the ridge (42) is inclined towards the rear in a radially inward direction .
  3. Sub-calibre projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that the two roof-like surfaces (40,41) are encircled on their outer circumference by a cylindrical wall (44).
  4. Sub-calibre projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that the the segments (11) extend beyond the tip (2) of the core projectile (1), which they enclose between them.
  5. Sub-calibre projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that the pusher means (15,16,18) attacks the rear end (6) of the core projectile (1).
  6. Sub-calibre projectile according to claim 5, characterised in that the bases (14) of the segments (11) are secured to the pusher means between a pressure plate (15) and a pressure piece (18).
  7. Sub-calibre projectile according to claim 6, characterised in that the pressure plate (15) is provided with an alignment spike (17) pressed into the pressure piece (18).
  8. Sub-calibre projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that the individual segments (11) are not linked to each other.
EP92914875A 1991-07-17 1992-07-15 Sub-calibre projectile with discarding cap Expired - Lifetime EP0594689B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1436/91 1991-07-17
AT0143691A AT399583B (en) 1991-07-17 1991-07-17 SUB-CALIBRARY BULLET WITH REJECTABLE CAGE
PCT/AT1992/000098 WO1993002334A1 (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-15 Sub-calibre projectile with discarding cap

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0594689A1 EP0594689A1 (en) 1994-05-04
EP0594689B1 true EP0594689B1 (en) 1995-04-05

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92914875A Expired - Lifetime EP0594689B1 (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-15 Sub-calibre projectile with discarding cap

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US (1) US5493974A (en)
EP (1) EP0594689B1 (en)
AT (1) AT399583B (en)
DE (1) DE59201850D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1993002334A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5668347A (en) * 1996-09-13 1997-09-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Kinetic energy projectile with fin leading edge protection mechanisms
FR2835602B1 (en) * 2002-02-04 2006-11-10 Giat Ind Sa SABOT FOR MUNITION ARROW
US6829997B1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2004-12-14 Terry B. Hilleman Skeletonized sabot
US20040055496A1 (en) * 2002-09-24 2004-03-25 Byer Troy Lee Ammunition
US20070234925A1 (en) * 2004-09-07 2007-10-11 Dunn Robert H Sabot allowing .17-caliber projectile use in a .22-caliber weapon
US7743709B2 (en) 2006-10-28 2010-06-29 Integrity Ballistics, Llc Sabot for elastomeric projectile
FR2954485B1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2012-05-11 Nexter Munitions LAUNCHING DEVICE FOR PROJECTILE OF ARTILLERY UNDER CALIBER.
US9587922B2 (en) * 2013-04-12 2017-03-07 Raytheon Company Attack capability enhancing ballistic sabot
US9188417B2 (en) * 2013-08-01 2015-11-17 Raytheon Company Separable sabot for launching payload
US10480916B1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-11-19 Gregory Saltz Low-observable projectile

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE524168A (en) * 1953-04-27
DE1262830B (en) * 1964-09-02 1968-03-07 Bundesrep Deutschland Sabot for sub-caliber bullets
NL133127C (en) * 1965-04-01
LU57539A1 (en) * 1968-12-12 1970-06-15
BE754747A (en) * 1969-08-29 1971-01-18 Pacific Technica Corp PROJECTILE STABILIZED BY ROTATION, WITH A LOST SHOE
FR2597590B1 (en) * 1976-04-29 1988-08-26 Saint Louis Inst LAUNCHING SHOE FOR SUB-CALIBER PROJECTILES
FR2445509A1 (en) * 1978-12-28 1980-07-25 Thomson Brandt LAUNCHING MECHANISM OF A SUB-CALIBER PROJECTILE
US4709638A (en) * 1981-09-24 1987-12-01 Honeywell Inc. Discarding sabot projectile
SE444984B (en) * 1982-05-28 1986-05-20 Bofors Ab DRIVING ORGANIZATION FOR UNDER-CALIBRATED ROTATION STABILIZED PROJECTIL
FR2602042B1 (en) * 1986-07-23 1990-08-03 Sauvestre Jean Claude PROJECTILE FOR HUNTING AMMUNITION COMPRISING A LAUNCHING SHOE AND AN UNDER-CALIBRATED BALL WITH SLIDING STABILIZER.
DE3635738A1 (en) * 1986-10-21 1988-05-19 Rheinmetall Gmbh DRIVING CAGE FLYING FLOOR ARRANGEMENT
DE3811597A1 (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-10-19 Dynamit Nobel Ag DRIVING CAGE FOR A SUB-CALIBAR FLOOR

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993002334A1 (en) 1993-02-04
DE59201850D1 (en) 1995-05-11
AT399583B (en) 1995-06-26
US5493974A (en) 1996-02-27
EP0594689A1 (en) 1994-05-04
ATA143691A (en) 1994-10-15

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