EP0591854A1 - Device for putting out of action a sea mine - Google Patents

Device for putting out of action a sea mine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0591854A1
EP0591854A1 EP93115860A EP93115860A EP0591854A1 EP 0591854 A1 EP0591854 A1 EP 0591854A1 EP 93115860 A EP93115860 A EP 93115860A EP 93115860 A EP93115860 A EP 93115860A EP 0591854 A1 EP0591854 A1 EP 0591854A1
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Prior art keywords
charge
mine
destruction
destruction charge
sea
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EP93115860A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0591854B1 (en
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Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
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Diehl GmbH and Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63GOFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G7/00Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G7/02Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such devices are known as mine destruction charges, which are deposited by remote-controlled underwater drones in the vicinity of sea-bed mines for remote-controlled blasting; see. the PLUTO system (Naval Mine Warfare-Supplement to IDR 11/1989, page 29, legend to the picture above) or the PINGUIN system in WEHRTECHNIK, issue 9/1981, pages 64, 67.
  • the mine hunting flotilla can verify the actually triggered detonation of the destruction charge carried by the remote-controlled carrier vehicle through underwater listening systems, as well as visually on the basis of the water fountain raised during the detonation - but whether the object (which is located with a greater or lesser degree of uncertainty than an intact seabed mine) really became inoperable as a result of our own explosion, or at least as a result of severe equipment damage, is very uncertain.
  • only a very small proportion of the detonation pressure wave to be transmitted via the water affects an adjacent lake bed mine.
  • the object of the invention is to create a device of the generic type which can be used equally against anchor mines as well as against sea mines and, in particular if sea mines are partially or completely silted into the soft soil, yields a significantly greater likelihood of destruction than they do with charge of destruction can be reached, which are deposited and ignited in a conventional manner near a located mine on the ground.
  • the effect of the annihilation charge is primarily oriented upwards.
  • the extermination charge can be brought close to an anchor mine using a non-reusable carrier vehicle.
  • the detonation with effect from below becomes the anchor mine render it inoperable at least by damage, but as a rule also tear it free from its anchoring so that it floats and can be fired at in a conventional manner from the mine hunting flotilla.
  • the remotely controllable carrier vehicle is expediently equipped with an upward-facing proximity or impact ignition device in order to immediately trigger the detonation when maneuvering under the anchor mine when a favorable positioning is reached.
  • At least one blow nozzle is provided on the underside of the structure of the destruction charge.
  • the extermination charge is again brought by means of a remote-controlled carrier vehicle to the location at which a seabed mine was previously identified with sufficient probability, for example by using a mine hunting sonar, as described in DE-OS 32 21 013.
  • the precise localization of the remote control vehicle designed in the manner of an underwater drone is carried out using on-board means, which can also be a sonar, or simply a metal sensor.
  • the annihilation charge is placed close to or above the sea mine, whereupon at least one blowing nozzle oriented downward on the structure of the annihilation charge is activated in order to drive the soil under the annihilation charge laterally in the case of a soft bottom of the water and thereby flush it in. So the extermination charge comes to lie laterally below the sea mine, and from this position the sea mine can be fought particularly reliably with the upward-oriented effect of the extermination charge, especially since the sediment beneath the bottom of the body of water has a performance-enhancing effect in the direction of the overlying mine .
  • an annihilation charge 11 is brought as close as possible to a sea mine 13, which rests on or in the water bottom 14, by means of a carrier vehicle 12.
  • the extermination charge 11 is intended for the warhead 15 of the sea mine 13 detonate or in any case damage the sea mine 13 in terms of its essential functional parts in such a way that it can no longer be detonated by the signature of a passing vehicle, ie no longer represents an effective mine block.
  • the position of the sea mine 13 on the body of water 14 is usually first recorded and measured by mine hunting units in order to then spend the carrier vehicle 12 - typically an underwater drone - remotely controlled via this position for the actual combat.
  • the carrier vehicle 12 has a sensor system 16, for example a sediment sonar or a metal detector, in order to be able to detect sea mines 13 that have been fully sent in at the bottom of the water 14.
  • the remote control of the carrier vehicle 12 is expediently carried out via a cable 17 in order to transmit the classification and position information present on the command ship to the sensor system 16 at a high data rate and to be able to send current sensor information to be correlated therefrom.
  • the cable remote control has the advantage of greater intrinsic safety because it can reliably prevent the carrier vehicle 12 from being oriented against an escort ship from the mine-hunting flotilla due to inaccuracies in the location specification.
  • the destruction charge 11 is dropped or deposited at the location of the relocalized sea mine 13 above the water bed 14.
  • it is provided according to FIG. 2 to place the carrier vehicle 12 on the water bed 14 and open it after charging the electrical ignition circuits for the destruction charge 11 in such a way that the destruction charge 11 remains exactly in the right position.
  • the carrier vehicle 12 with respect to its drive part 18 (rear area) and with regard to its navigation part 19 (front area), for example, by means of to lift pyrotechnically activated force elements in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle from the destruction charge 11 so that it is then exposed.
  • the carrier vehicle 12 as such is a loss if these structural parts 18, 19 are not equipped with buoyancy chambers 20, from which ballast water is displaced, for example, by means of pyrotechnic reaction gases in order to cause the parts 18, 19 to rise hydrostatically from the body of water 14 so that they then can be salvaged on the water surface for new equipment with a destruction charge 11.
  • At least one blowing nozzle 21 oriented downwards is activated.
  • This can be a water jet effect, but preferably the reaction gas jet of a pyrotechnic incendiary device. If the sea mine 13 rests on a solid surface, the function of the blowing nozzle 21 has no special effect. However, if the sea mine 13 has sunk into compliant subsoil (in particular sand or silt), then this soil 22 is blown away by the nozzle 21 under the deposited destruction charge 11, so that it is washed into the water bed 14 to a certain extent (as illustrated in FIG. 3) .
  • the blowing nozzle 21 In terms of equipment, it is entirely sufficient for the blowing nozzle 21 to be effective over a predetermined period of time, which is given, for example, by the capacity of a fire. Because the dimensions of the annihilation charge 11 are significantly smaller than those of the sea mine 13, it is more than likely that the annihilation charge 11 will have sunk deeper into the bottom of the water 14 than the closely adjacent sea mine 13 itself at the end of the effectiveness of the blowing nozzle 21. With the burning out of the blowing nozzle 21 is therefore then the detonator 23 of the annihilation charge 11 is initiated and the sea mine 13 is thus strained from below by the detonation pressure waves.
  • the pressure wave propagation is bundled in the direction of the still open flushing funnel 24, so that it has an increased performance against the sea mine 13 and disables it by detonation or in any case serious equipment damage. Because of the detonation pressure of the extermination charge 11, which detonation pressure 11 acts against the mine 13 with a performance-enhancing effect from below, this is reliably achieved even when the stretched-cylindrical mine 13 is more or less upright partially sunk into the soil 22 and only partially out of the water bed 14 is a constellation that is often encountered in practice, but which offers too little of an attack surface for the mechanisms of action of the conventional control methods.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

Sea mines (13), specifically not only anchor-cable mines but also in particular ground mines, are reliably put out of action by the destruction charge (11) moved up by means of a remote-controlled carrier vehicle (12) when the detonation pressure action of the destruction charge (11) is optimised from the bottom upwards with a substantial force component. An anchor-cable mine laid in a deep position can be combatted by the destruction charge (11) being moved under the mine by means of the carrier vehicle (12). In order to combat a ground mine more effectively than by a destruction charge put down next to it, irrespective of whether the ground mine is lying on the bottom of the stretch of water or is sent more or less deep into its ground (22), the destruction charge is equipped with a blow nozzle (21) orientated downwards for jetting the destruction charge into soft ground (22) next to the sea mine (13) before its PBX main charge is detonated. For defined laying of as large a destruction charge (11) as possible, this destruction charge can make up the centre body area of the carrier vehicle (12), from which a propulsion part (18) and if need be also a navigation part (19) are separated at the bottom (14) of the stretch of water. When equipped with buoyancy chambers (20), the propulsion part (18) and the navigation part (19) can be recovered and used again. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Einrichtungen sind als Minenvernichtungsladungen, die mittels ferngelenkter Unterwasser-Drohnen in der Nähe von Seegrundminen zur fernausgelösten Sprengung abgelegt werden, bekannt; vgl. das System PLUTO (Naval Mine Warfare-Suplement to IDR 11/1989, Seite 29, Legende zum oberen Bild) oder das System PINGUIN in WEHRTECHNIK, Heft 9/1981, Seiten 64, 67.Such devices are known as mine destruction charges, which are deposited by remote-controlled underwater drones in the vicinity of sea-bed mines for remote-controlled blasting; see. the PLUTO system (Naval Mine Warfare-Supplement to IDR 11/1989, page 29, legend to the picture above) or the PINGUIN system in WEHRTECHNIK, issue 9/1981, pages 64, 67.

Zwar kann die Minenjagdflottille die tatsächlich ausgelöste Detonation der vom ferngesteuerten Trägerfahrzeug verbrachten Vernichtungsladung durch Unterwasser-Horchanlagen, sowie visuell aufgrund der bei der Detonation aufgeworfenen Wasserfontaine, verifizieren - aber ob das (mit einer mehr oder weniger großen Ungewißheit als noch intakte Seegrundmine geortete) Objekt dadurch wirklich infolge eigener Explosion oder wenigstens infolge schwerer Gerätebeschädigungen funktionsuntüchtig wurde, ist sehr ungewiß. Denn in der Praxis ist es außerordentlich schwierig, die Vernichtungsladung sehr dicht an das als Seegrundmine identifizierte Objekt heranzubringen. Und nur ein sehr kleiner Anteil der über das Wasser zu übertragenden Detonationsdruckwelle wirkt auf eine danebenliegende Seegrundmine. Dieser Wirkmechanismus ist sogar noch ungünstiger, wenn die zu vernichtende Seemine nicht frei auf dem Gewässergrund liegt, sondern in den Boden eingesandet ist. Denn der zum Boden hin orientierte Teil der bei der Detonation der Vernichtungsladung als Wirkmechanismus ausgelösten Druckwelle wird im sandigen oder schlickigen Untergrund stark gedämpft; und der Volumenanteil des Detonationsdruckfeldes, der zum Gewässergrund hin orientiert ist, wird dort teilweise noch reflektiert, so daß die ohnehin größte Wirkung in Richtung auf die Wasseroberfläche zu dadurch noch verstärkt wird. Trotz ordnungsgemäßer Detonation der Vernichtungsladung ist dann eine für die Funktionsgefährdung hinreichende Druckimpulsbeanspruchung der benachbart liegenden oder gar eingesandeten Seemine möglicherweise gar nicht aufgetreten, was aber auch mittels eines Minenjagd-Sedimentsonars nicht eindeutig feststellbar ist. Um die hier lokalisierte Seeminensperre zuverlässig zu räumen, wird es erforderlich sein, mehrere derartige zeitaufwendige Einsätze zu fahren, ohne daß dadurch tatsächlich eine größere Erfolgssicherheit erzielbar wäre.The mine hunting flotilla can verify the actually triggered detonation of the destruction charge carried by the remote-controlled carrier vehicle through underwater listening systems, as well as visually on the basis of the water fountain raised during the detonation - but whether the object (which is located with a greater or lesser degree of uncertainty than an intact seabed mine) really became inoperable as a result of our own explosion, or at least as a result of severe equipment damage, is very uncertain. In practice, it is extremely difficult to bring the extermination charge very close to the object identified as the bottom of the lake. And only a very small proportion of the detonation pressure wave to be transmitted via the water affects an adjacent lake bed mine. This mechanism of action is even more unfavorable if the sea mine to be destroyed is not free on the bottom of the body of water, but is sunk into the ground. Because the part of the pressure wave triggered by the detonation of the destructive charge as a mechanism of action oriented towards the ground is strongly dampened in the sandy or silty subsoil; and the volume fraction of the detonation pressure field, which is oriented towards the bottom of the water, is partially still reflected there, so that the greatest effect in the direction of the water surface is thereby increased. In spite of the proper detonation of the extermination charge, a sufficient pressure pulse stress for the functionally jeopardizing the neighboring or even sanded-in sea mine may not have occurred, but this cannot be clearly determined by means of a mine hunting sediment sonar. In order to reliably clear the sea mine block located here, it will be necessary to drive several such time-consuming operations without actually achieving greater certainty of success.

Gegen als Tauchbootsperre in niedriger Höhe über dem Gewässergrund ausgebrachte Ankertauminen schließlich ist eine am Meeresgrund abgelegte Vernichtungsladung praktisch gar nicht wirksam, wenn nicht zufällig durch deren Detonation eine Verankerung gelöst und dadurch die Mine aufgetrieben wird.Finally, against anchoring mines deployed as a submarine barrier at a low height above the water floor, an annihilation charge deposited on the sea floor is practically ineffective unless an anchorage is accidentally released by its detonation and the mine is thus blown up.

In Erkenntnis dieser Gegebenheiten liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung gattungsgemäßer Art zu schaffen, die gleichermaßen gegen Ankertauminen wie auch gegen Seegrundminen einsetzbar ist und insbesondere bei teilweise oder ganz in den weichen Boden eingesandeten Seegrundminen eine wesentlich größere Vernichtungswahrscheinlichkeit erbringt, als sie mit Vernichtungsladungen erreichbar ist, die in herkömmlicher Weise in der Nähe einer georteten Mine auf dem Grund abgelegt und gezündet werden.In recognition of these circumstances, the object of the invention is to create a device of the generic type which can be used equally against anchor mines as well as against sea mines and, in particular if sea mines are partially or completely silted into the soft soil, yields a significantly greater likelihood of destruction than they do with charge of destruction can be reached, which are deposited and ignited in a conventional manner near a located mine on the ground.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß im wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß die Einrichtung gattungsgemäßer Art nach dem Kennzeichnungsteil des Anspruches 1 ausgelegt ist.This object is essentially achieved in that the device of the generic type is designed according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Nach dieser Lösung ist die Wirkung der Vernichtungsladung konstruktiv vor allem nach oben orientiert. So kann die Vernichtungsladung mittels eines nicht-wiederverwendbaren Trägerfahrzeugs dicht unter eine Ankertaumine verbracht werden. Die Detonation mit Wirkung von unten wird die Ankertaumine zumindest durch Beschädigung funktionsuntüchtig machen, in der Regel aber auch von ihrer Verankerung losreißen, so daß sie auftreibt und in herkömmlicher Weise von Bord der Minenjagdflottille beschossen werden kann. Dafür ist das fernsteuerbare Trägerfahrzeug zweckmäßigerweise mit einer nach oben orientierten Annäherungs- oder Aufschlagzündeinrichtung ausgestattet, um beim Heranmanövrieren unter die Ankertaumine die Detonation bei Erreichen einer günstigen Positionierung sofort auszulösen.According to this solution, the effect of the annihilation charge is primarily oriented upwards. For example, the extermination charge can be brought close to an anchor mine using a non-reusable carrier vehicle. The detonation with effect from below becomes the anchor mine render it inoperable at least by damage, but as a rule also tear it free from its anchoring so that it floats and can be fired at in a conventional manner from the mine hunting flotilla. For this purpose, the remotely controllable carrier vehicle is expediently equipped with an upward-facing proximity or impact ignition device in order to immediately trigger the detonation when maneuvering under the anchor mine when a favorable positioning is reached.

Um eine solche Vernichtungsladung erfolgreich gegen eine Seemine einzusetzen, die auf dem Gewässergrund liegt oder in dessen sandigen oder schlammigen Boden eingespült ist, ist an der Unterseite der Struktur der Vernichtungsladung wenigstens eine Blasdüse vorgesehen. Die Vernichtungsladung wird wieder mittels eines ferngesteuerten Trägerfahrzeugs an den Ort verbracht, an dem zuvor mit hinreichender Wahrscheinlichkeit eine Seegrundmine identifiziert wurde, beispielsweise durch Einsatz eines Minenjagdsonars, wie es in der DE-OS 32 21 013 beschrieben ist. Die genaue Lokalisierung des nach Art einer Unterwasserdrohne ausgelegten Fernsteuerfahrzeugs erfolgt mit bordeigenen Mitteln, bei denen es sich ebenfalls wieder um ein Sonar, oder aber einfach um einen Metallsensor handeln kann. Die Vernichtungsladung wird dicht neben oder über der Seemine abgelegt, woraufhin wenigstens eine an der Struktur der Vernichtungsladung nach unten orientierte Blasdüse in Funktion gesetzt wird, um im Falle eines weichen Gewässergrundes den Boden unter der Vernichtungsladung seitlich wegzutreiben und diese dadurch einzuspülen. So kommt die Vernichtungsladung seitlich unterhalb der Seemine zu liegen, und aus dieser Position kann die Seemine mit der nach oben orientierten Wirkung der Vernichtungsladung besonders zuverlässig bekämpft werden, zumal das Sediment unter dem Boden des Gewässergrundes eine leistungssteigernde Wirkung in Richtung auf die darüber gelegene Seemine erbringt.In order to successfully use such a destruction charge against a sea mine that lies on the bottom of the water or is washed into its sandy or muddy bottom, at least one blow nozzle is provided on the underside of the structure of the destruction charge. The extermination charge is again brought by means of a remote-controlled carrier vehicle to the location at which a seabed mine was previously identified with sufficient probability, for example by using a mine hunting sonar, as described in DE-OS 32 21 013. The precise localization of the remote control vehicle designed in the manner of an underwater drone is carried out using on-board means, which can also be a sonar, or simply a metal sensor. The annihilation charge is placed close to or above the sea mine, whereupon at least one blowing nozzle oriented downward on the structure of the annihilation charge is activated in order to drive the soil under the annihilation charge laterally in the case of a soft bottom of the water and thereby flush it in. So the extermination charge comes to lie laterally below the sea mine, and from this position the sea mine can be fought particularly reliably with the upward-oriented effect of the extermination charge, especially since the sediment beneath the bottom of the body of water has a performance-enhancing effect in the direction of the overlying mine .

Aufgrund dieser wirkoptimierten Bekämpfungssituation können große Seeminen, auch solche mit den modernen gegossenen plastikgebundenen Sprengstoffen, von einer relativ kleinen Vernichtungsladung zuverlässig außer Funktion gesetzt werden, wobei auch diese Vernichtungsladung den relativ unkritischen PBX-Sprengstoff enthalten kann. Letzteres ist wegen der einfachen Guß-Fertigungstechnologie von wirtschaftlichem Vorteil; es ist aber vor allem auch ein Sicherheitsaspekt, weil wegen der erheblich gesteigerten Schiffssicherheit auf einem Minenjagdboot dann ein großer Vorrat an Vernichtungsladungen mitgeführt werden kann.Due to this effectively optimized control situation, large sea mines, even those with the modern cast plastic-bound explosives, can be reliably put out of function by a relatively small destruction charge, whereby this destruction charge can also contain the relatively uncritical PBX explosive. The latter is of economic advantage because of the simple cast manufacturing technology; But above all it is also a safety aspect, because due to the significantly increased ship safety on a mine hunt boat, a large stock of destruction charges can then be carried.

Zusätzliche Alternativen und Weiterbildungen sowie weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen und, auch unter Berücksichtigung der Darlegungen in der Zusammenfassung, aus nachstehender Beschreibung einer in der Zeichnung unter Beschränkung auf das Wesentliche anhand der Funktionsfolge eines Einsatz-Szenario aufgezeigten bevorzugten Anwendung einer Lösung nach der Erfindung. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Figur 1
eine Plattform mit Vernichtungsladung bei der Ankunft über einer relokalisierten eingesandeten Seegrundmine,
Figur 2
das Absetzen der Vernichtungsladung,
Figur 3
das Einspülen der Vernichtungsladung und
Figur 4
die Vernichtungsladung in Funktionsposition seitlich unterhalb der außer Gefecht zu setzenden Seegrundmine.
Additional alternatives and further developments as well as further features and advantages of the invention result from the further claims and, also taking into account the explanations in the summary, from the following description of a preferred application shown in the drawing, limited to the essentials based on the functional sequence of an application scenario a solution according to the invention. The drawing shows:
Figure 1
a platform with a cargo of destruction upon arrival over a relocalized, sanded bottom mine,
Figure 2
the deposition of the extermination charge,
Figure 3
flushing in the destruction charge and
Figure 4
the extermination charge in the functional position to the side below the sea bed mine to be disabled.

Wie als solches bekannt, wird eine Vernichtungsladung 11 mittels eines Trägerfahrzeuges 12 möglichst dicht an eine Seemine 13 verbracht, die am oder im Gewässergrund 14 ruht. Die Vernichtungsladung 11 soll den Gefechtskopf 15 der Seemine 13 zur Detonation bringen oder jedenfalls die Seemine 13 hinsichtlich ihrer wesentlichen Funktionsteile apparativ derart schädigen, daß sie nicht mehr von der Signatur eines passierenden Fahrzeugs zur Detonation gebracht werden kann, also keine wirksame Minensperre mehr darstellt.As is known as such, an annihilation charge 11 is brought as close as possible to a sea mine 13, which rests on or in the water bottom 14, by means of a carrier vehicle 12. The extermination charge 11 is intended for the warhead 15 of the sea mine 13 detonate or in any case damage the sea mine 13 in terms of its essential functional parts in such a way that it can no longer be detonated by the signature of a passing vehicle, ie no longer represents an effective mine block.

Die Lage der Seemine 13 am Gewässergrund 14 wird üblicherweise zunächst von Minenjagdeinheiten erfaßt und eingemessen, um dann für die eigentliche Bekämpfung das Trägerfahrzeug 12 - typischerweise eine Unterwasser-Drohne - ferngesteuert über diese Position zu verbringen. Zum genauen Relokalisieren der Seemine 13 verfügt das Trägerfahrzeug 12 über ein Sensorsystem 16, beispielsweise ein Sedimentsonar oder ein Metallsuchgerät, um auch im Schlick am Gewässergrund 14 voll eingesendete Seeminen 13 erfassen zu können. Die Fernsteuerung des Trägerfahrzeugs 12 erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise über ein Kabel 17, um mit hoher Datenrate die auf dem Kommandoschiff vorliegenden Klassifikations- und Positionsinformationen an das Sensorsystem 16 übermitteln und von dort aktuelle, damit zu korrelierende Sensorinformationen rücksenden zu können. Außerdem weist die Kabel-Fernsteuerung den Vorteil größerer Eigensicherheit auf, weil darüber zuverlässig verhindert werden kann, daß aufgrund von Ungenauigkeiten bei der Ortungsvorgabe das Trägerfahrzeug 12 sich gegen ein Begleitschiff aus der Minenjagd-Flottille orientiert.The position of the sea mine 13 on the body of water 14 is usually first recorded and measured by mine hunting units in order to then spend the carrier vehicle 12 - typically an underwater drone - remotely controlled via this position for the actual combat. For the precise relocalization of the sea mine 13, the carrier vehicle 12 has a sensor system 16, for example a sediment sonar or a metal detector, in order to be able to detect sea mines 13 that have been fully sent in at the bottom of the water 14. The remote control of the carrier vehicle 12 is expediently carried out via a cable 17 in order to transmit the classification and position information present on the command ship to the sensor system 16 at a high data rate and to be able to send current sensor information to be correlated therefrom. In addition, the cable remote control has the advantage of greater intrinsic safety because it can reliably prevent the carrier vehicle 12 from being oriented against an escort ship from the mine-hunting flotilla due to inaccuracies in the location specification.

Bei einem wiederverwendbaren Fahrzeug 12 wird die Vernichtungsladung 11 am Ort der relokalisierten Seemine 13 über dem Gewässergrund 14 abgeworfen oder abgelegt. Für genauere Positionierung ist gemäß Fig. 2 vorgesehen, das Trägerfahrzeug 12 am Gewässergrund 14 abzusetzen und nach Aufladen der elektrischen Zündkreise für die Vernichtungsladung 11 derart zu öffnen, daß die Vernichtungsladung 11 genau in der rechten Position liegenbleibt. Im Interesse einer großvolumigen Vernichtungsladung 11 kann dafür, wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich, vorgesehen sein, das Trägerfahrzeug 12 hinsichtlich seines Antriebsteiles 18 (Heckbereich) sowie hinsichtlich seines Navigationsteiles 19 (Frontbereich) etwa mittels pyrotechnisch aktivierbarer Kraftelemente in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung von der Vernichtungsladung 11 abzuheben, so daß diese dann freiliegt. Das Trägerfahrzeug 12 als solches ist dann ein Verlustartikel, wenn diese Konstruktionsteile 18, 19 nicht mit Auftriebskammern 20 ausgestattet sind, aus denen beispielsweise Ballastwasser mittels pyrotechnischer Reaktionsgase verdrängt wird, um die Teile 18, 19 vom Gewässergrund 14 hydrostatisch aufsteigen zu lassen, damit sie dann an der Wasseroberfläche für neue Bestückung mit einer Vernichtungsladung 11 geborgen werden können.In the case of a reusable vehicle 12, the destruction charge 11 is dropped or deposited at the location of the relocalized sea mine 13 above the water bed 14. For more precise positioning, it is provided according to FIG. 2 to place the carrier vehicle 12 on the water bed 14 and open it after charging the electrical ignition circuits for the destruction charge 11 in such a way that the destruction charge 11 remains exactly in the right position. In the interest of a large-volume destruction charge 11, it can be provided for this, as can be seen from the drawing, that the carrier vehicle 12 with respect to its drive part 18 (rear area) and with regard to its navigation part 19 (front area), for example, by means of to lift pyrotechnically activated force elements in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle from the destruction charge 11 so that it is then exposed. The carrier vehicle 12 as such is a loss if these structural parts 18, 19 are not equipped with buoyancy chambers 20, from which ballast water is displaced, for example, by means of pyrotechnic reaction gases in order to cause the parts 18, 19 to rise hydrostatically from the body of water 14 so that they then can be salvaged on the water surface for new equipment with a destruction charge 11.

Infolge des Freiliegens der Vernichtungsladung 11 wird wenigstens eine nach unten orientierte Blasdüse 21 in Funktion gesetzt. Hierbei kann es sich um eine Wasserstrahlwirkung handeln, bevorzugt jedoch um den Reaktionsgasstrahl eines pyrotechnischen Brandsatzes. Sollte die Seemine 13 auf festem Untergrund ruhen, dann erbringt die Funktion der Blasdüse 21 keine besondere Wirkung. Ist die Seemine 13 aber in nachgiebigen Untergrund (insbesondere Sand oder Schlick) eingesunken, dann wird dieser Boden 22 von der Düse 21 unter der abgesetzten Vernichtungsladung 11 weggeblasen, so daß diese sich gewissermaßen in den Gewässergrund 14 einspült (wie in Fig. 3 veranschaulicht).As a result of the exposure of the destruction charge 11 being exposed, at least one blowing nozzle 21 oriented downwards is activated. This can be a water jet effect, but preferably the reaction gas jet of a pyrotechnic incendiary device. If the sea mine 13 rests on a solid surface, the function of the blowing nozzle 21 has no special effect. However, if the sea mine 13 has sunk into compliant subsoil (in particular sand or silt), then this soil 22 is blown away by the nozzle 21 under the deposited destruction charge 11, so that it is washed into the water bed 14 to a certain extent (as illustrated in FIG. 3) .

Es reicht apparativ völlig aus, die Blasdüse 21 über eine fest vorgegebene Zeitspanne hinweg wirksam sein zu lassen, die beispielsweise durch die Kapazität eines Brandsatzes gegeben ist. Denn da die Abmessungen der Vernichtungsladung 11 wesentlich kleiner sind als diejenige der Seemine 13, ist mit hinreichender Wahrscheinlichkeit die Vernichtungsladung 11 beim Ende der Wirksamkeit der Blasdüse 21 tiefer in den Gewässergrund 14 eingesunken als die dicht benachbarte Seemine 13 selbst. Mit dem Ausbrennen der Blasdüse 21 wird deshalb dann der Zünder 23 der Vernichtungsladung 11 initiiert und so die Seemine 13 von schräg unten durch die Detonationsdruckwellen beansprucht. Aufgrund der Verdämmung durch das umgebende und darunter befindliche Sediment wird die Druckwellen-Ausbreitung in Richtung auf den noch offenen Einspültrichter 24 gebündelt, so daß sie leistungsgesteigert gegen die Seemine 13 wirkt und diese durch Detonation oder jedenfalls schwerwiegende apparative Schädigung außer Wirkung setzt. Das wird, aufgrund des mit leistungssteigernder Umgebungswirkung von unten gegen die Seemine 13 wirksamen Detonationsdruckes der Vernichtungsladung 11, auch dann noch zuverlässig erreicht, wenn die gestreckt-zylindrische Seemine 13 mehr oder weniger aufrecht teilweise in den Boden 22 eingesandet ist und nur teilweise aus dem Gewässergrund 14 vorsteht, eine in der Praxis häufig anzutreffende Konstellation, die aber für die herkömmlichen Bekämpfungsverfahren eine zu geringe Angriffsfläche für deren Wirkmechanismen bietet.In terms of equipment, it is entirely sufficient for the blowing nozzle 21 to be effective over a predetermined period of time, which is given, for example, by the capacity of a fire. Because the dimensions of the annihilation charge 11 are significantly smaller than those of the sea mine 13, it is more than likely that the annihilation charge 11 will have sunk deeper into the bottom of the water 14 than the closely adjacent sea mine 13 itself at the end of the effectiveness of the blowing nozzle 21. With the burning out of the blowing nozzle 21 is therefore then the detonator 23 of the annihilation charge 11 is initiated and the sea mine 13 is thus strained from below by the detonation pressure waves. Due to the damming by the surrounding and underlying sediment, the pressure wave propagation is bundled in the direction of the still open flushing funnel 24, so that it has an increased performance against the sea mine 13 and disables it by detonation or in any case serious equipment damage. Because of the detonation pressure of the extermination charge 11, which detonation pressure 11 acts against the mine 13 with a performance-enhancing effect from below, this is reliably achieved even when the stretched-cylindrical mine 13 is more or less upright partially sunk into the soil 22 and only partially out of the water bed 14 is a constellation that is often encountered in practice, but which offers too little of an attack surface for the mechanisms of action of the conventional control methods.

Claims (9)

Einrichtung zum Außer-Gefecht-Setzen einer lokalisierten Seemine (13) mittels einer von einem Trägerfahrzeug (12) in ihre Nähe verbrachten Vernichtungsladung (11),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vernichtungsladung (11) für Detonationsdruckwirkung von seitlich unterhalb der Seemine (13) optimiert ist.
Device for putting a localized sea mine (13) out of action by means of a destruction charge (11) brought into its vicinity by a carrier vehicle (12),
characterized,
that the annihilation charge (11) is optimized for the detonation pressure effect from below the sea mine (13).
Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vernichtungsladung (11) bei Annäherung oder Begegnung unterhalb einer Ankertauseemine initiierbar ist.
Device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the extermination charge (11) can be initiated when approaching or encountering an anchor dewing event.
Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vernichtungsladung (11) einen Gefechtskopf aus gegossenem plastikgebundenen Sprengstoff (PBX) aufweist.
Device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the extermination charge (11) has a warhead made of molded plastic-bound explosives (PBX).
Einrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vernichtungsladung (11) mit nach unten orientierter Blasdüse (21), zum Einspülen in den weichen Boden (22) des Gewässergrundes (14) in der Nachbarschaft der Seemine (13), ausgestattet ist.
Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the extermination charge (11) is equipped with a downwardly oriented blowing nozzle (21) for flushing into the soft soil (22) of the water bed (14) in the vicinity of the sea mine (13).
Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Blasdüse (21) auf Wasserstrahlwirkung beruht.
Device according to claim 4,
characterized,
that the blowing nozzle (21) is based on the water jet effect.
Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Blasdüse (21) auf Gasstrahlwirkung beruht.
Device according to claim 4,
characterized,
that the blowing nozzle (21) is based on the gas jet effect.
Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Blasdüse (21) mit einem pyrotechnischen Brennsatz zur Abgabe von Reaktionsgas ausgestattet ist.
Device according to claim 6,
characterized,
that the blowing nozzle (21) is equipped with a pyrotechnic fuel set for the delivery of reaction gas.
Einrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vernichtungsladung (11) aus dem Trägerfahrzeug (12) verbringbar ist, indem ein Antriebsteil (18) und/oder ein Navigationsteil (19) von der Vernichtungsladung (11) abgetrennt wird.
Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the destruction charge (11) can be brought out of the carrier vehicle (12) by separating a drive part (18) and / or a navigation part (19) from the destruction charge (11).
Einrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die von der Vernichtungsladung (11) abgetrennten Verbringungs-Teile (18,19) mit Auftriebskammern (20) ausgestattet sind.
Device according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the shipment parts (18, 19) separated from the destruction charge (11) are equipped with buoyancy chambers (20).
EP19930115860 1992-10-05 1993-10-01 Device for putting out of action a sea mine Expired - Lifetime EP0591854B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924233444 DE4233444A1 (en) 1992-10-05 1992-10-05 De-naval facility
DE4233444 1992-10-05

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EP0591854A1 true EP0591854A1 (en) 1994-04-13
EP0591854B1 EP0591854B1 (en) 1996-03-06

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WO2002037140A2 (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-05-10 Westerngeco, L.L.C. A method and apparatus for an ocean bottom seismic acquisition technique

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FR2479129A1 (en) * 1980-03-27 1981-10-02 Eca Cable system for submarine communication and energy transfer - has probe assembly attached containing observation and measuring instrumentation and cable wound brakable drum mechanism
WO1990001445A1 (en) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-22 Rheinmetall Gmbh Mine-sweeping means for removing anchor cable mines
DE3915577A1 (en) * 1989-05-12 1990-11-15 Rheinmetall Gmbh DEVICE FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF ANCHOR DREAMS

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US3117518A (en) * 1947-04-15 1964-01-14 Louis F Porter Apparatus for cutting encased explosives
DE2314772C3 (en) * 1973-03-24 1984-08-30 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Underwater explosive devices

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2479129A1 (en) * 1980-03-27 1981-10-02 Eca Cable system for submarine communication and energy transfer - has probe assembly attached containing observation and measuring instrumentation and cable wound brakable drum mechanism
WO1990001445A1 (en) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-22 Rheinmetall Gmbh Mine-sweeping means for removing anchor cable mines
DE3915577A1 (en) * 1989-05-12 1990-11-15 Rheinmetall Gmbh DEVICE FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF ANCHOR DREAMS

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002037140A2 (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-05-10 Westerngeco, L.L.C. A method and apparatus for an ocean bottom seismic acquisition technique
WO2002037140A3 (en) * 2000-11-01 2003-03-13 Westerngeco Llc A method and apparatus for an ocean bottom seismic acquisition technique
GB2384560A (en) * 2000-11-01 2003-07-30 Westerngeco Llc A method and apparatus for an ocean bottom seismic acquisition technique
GB2384560B (en) * 2000-11-01 2005-01-19 Westerngeco Llc A method and apparatus for an ocean bottom seismic acquisition technique
US6951138B1 (en) 2000-11-01 2005-10-04 Westerngeco L.L.C. Method and apparatus for an ocean bottom seismic acquisition technique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0591854T3 (en) 1996-07-22
EP0591854B1 (en) 1996-03-06
DE4233444A1 (en) 1994-04-07
DE59301787D1 (en) 1996-04-11

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