EP0590008A1 - Extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted internal bores. - Google Patents

Extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted internal bores.

Info

Publication number
EP0590008A1
EP0590008A1 EP92913017A EP92913017A EP0590008A1 EP 0590008 A1 EP0590008 A1 EP 0590008A1 EP 92913017 A EP92913017 A EP 92913017A EP 92913017 A EP92913017 A EP 92913017A EP 0590008 A1 EP0590008 A1 EP 0590008A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
extrusion tool
bores
thread
mouthpiece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92913017A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0590008B1 (en
Inventor
Arno Friedrichs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Konrad Friedrichs GmbH and Co KG
Gottlieb Guehring KG
Original Assignee
Konrad Friedrichs GmbH and Co KG
Gottlieb Guehring KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Konrad Friedrichs GmbH and Co KG, Gottlieb Guehring KG filed Critical Konrad Friedrichs GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0590008A1 publication Critical patent/EP0590008A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0590008B1 publication Critical patent/EP0590008B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/14—Making other products
    • B21C23/147—Making drill blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/004—Article comprising helical form elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an extrusion tool for the manufacture of a hard metal or ceramic rod with at least one twisted inner bore, in which the mouthpiece of the press nozzle has a smooth cylindrical channel.
  • Tungsten carbide or ceramic rods with twisted, i.e. H. screw-shaped inner bores are further processed, for example, into bores.
  • the twisted inner bores form the later rinsing or cooling channels for introduction
  • ⁇ 35 press tool on a nozzle on the inner jacket at least one helically running web is arranged in the pressing direction, which forces the extruded material pressed through the nozzle from the outside radially a swirl movement.
  • the twisted bores are provided with elastic pins which protrude into the interior of the nozzle and which have the desired rinsing bore diameter.
  • an extrusion tool which has a swirl device designed as a swirl screw on the inside, with the aid of which the extrusion mass already undergoes a swirl movement within the extrusion tool during the extrusion process and which leaves a nozzle mouthpiece with swirl which has a smooth cylindrical channel.
  • the helical inner bores are formed by elastic threads attached to the swirl device or by thread-like material emerging from the swirl device and pressed into the mass flow.
  • the object of the invention is to further simplify the extrusion tool according to the preamble of claim 1 and to further improve the quality of the rod blanks produced therewith.
  • a carrier is arranged coaxially within the press nozzle of the extrusion tool, which corresponds to the number of desired inner bores carries several threads protruding into the nozzle mouthpiece, which in different ways depending on the position of the inner bores
  • Thread carrier and / or nozzle mouthpiece rotate about the longitudinal axis. It is therefore not necessary to have a special swirl device which imposes a swirl on the entire mass pressed through the nozzle.
  • the extrusion compound rotates
  • the pitch angle of the swirl channels generated is thus determined by the rotational speed of the thread carrier or the nozzle mouthpiece and the flow speed of the press
  • the thread carrier is designed according to a further feature of the invention as a hub tapering towards the nozzle mouthpiece, i. H. it has the shape of a propeller hub without wings.
  • the hub is expediently a hollow hub
  • these threads carry metallic or other parts which influence a magnetic or electrical field at their ends projecting into the nozzle mouthpiece.
  • the rotation speed of the threads and thus indirectly the twist pitch can be measured indirectly with known extrusion speed of the plastic mass.
  • the threads in the mass flow are arranged in predetermined distances and in a predetermined number of threads of the thread carrier
  • the swirl channels can also be produced by plastic material emerging from the thread carrier.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the extrusion tool in a schematic broken view
  • FIG 2 shows the front view of the thread carrier with fastening points for the threads on different pitch circles.
  • the extrusion tool essentially consists of the housing 1, which merges into the conically tapering nozzle 2 which is formed in one piece with it.
  • the nozzle mouthpiece 3 has a smooth cylindrical channel 4 and is either formed in one piece with the nozzle 2 or as a separate part, as shown.
  • a mandrel 5 is provided in a coaxial arrangement, to which the thread carrier 6 is attached.
  • This thread carrier 6 is approximately paraboloid-shaped in the manner of a propeller hub and hollow.
  • a plurality of fastening bores 7 are arranged on the thread carrier 6 and lie on different pitch circles, that is to say they have a different radial distance from the longitudinal axis 8.
  • Elastic threads 9 are fastened in each of these holes 7, namely in a number which corresponds to the number of later twisted inner bores.
  • the threads 9 protrude into the nozzle mouthpiece 3.
  • the nozzle mouthpiece 3 can be designed to be stationary. But it can also be rotatable.
  • the thread carrier 6 can also be designed to be stationary or rotatable.
  • a drive is provided in each case in order to set the thread carrier 8 or the nozzle mouthpiece 3 in rotation.
  • a drive 10 is arranged inside the mandrel 5, which drives the thread carrier 6 via the shaft 11 communicates and rotates it, as indicated by arrow A.
  • the rotation of the nozzle mouthpiece 3 is symbolized by the arrow B.
  • the ceramic or hard metal mass located within the annular gap 12 between the mandrel 5 and the housing 1 or nozzle 2 is pressed by a pressing device (extruder, piston, etc.) not shown further past the thread carrier 6 into the nozzle mouthpiece 3 and emerges as a rod blank 13 which is then further treated by sintering.
  • the thread carrier 6 can be set in rotation.
  • the carrier 6 is driven from the inside by the drive 10 at a certain angular velocity in order to produce the desired swirl shape.
  • the extrusion is pressed out and does not rotate.
  • the rotation speed of the thread carrier 6 and the (axial) flow speed of the molding compound determine the pitch angle of the swirl channels 13 generated.
  • the nozzle mouthpiece 3 is fixed, ie does not rotate.
  • the smooth nozzle mouthpiece 3 is set in rotation according to arrow B.
  • both the thread carrier 6 and the nozzle mouthpiece 3 can be designed to rotate, so that a superimposition of the rotational movement of the nozzle 3 and the thread carrier 6 is obtained. If the nozzle and thread carrier rotate in the same direction, the rotation is amplified, and if the nozzle and thread carrier rotate in opposite directions, the rotation is weakened Rotation and thus the swirl of the inner holes instead.
  • the thread carrier 6 can, for example, rotate at a constant speed, while the speed of rotation of the nozzle 3 is variable and possibly compensates for twist errors.
  • the ends of the threads 9 carry metallic or other parts influencing a magnetic field or an electric field in the area within the nozzle mouthpiece 3.
  • the rotational speed can then be determined with an externally arranged measuring device (not shown further) and changed depending on the requirements. All in all, this results in a simply removed extrusion tool, with which completely smooth rod blanks with highly precise, twisted inner bores can be produced on the lateral surface.
  • plastic material can also be pressed into the mass flow to produce the swirl channels 14.
  • This plastic material emerges in a thread-like manner from the bores 7 of the carrier 6, the bores 7 still being connected to channels (not shown in further detail) and a correspondingly designed press chamber or the like.
  • the plastic thread-like material contains a metallic powder as the filling compound, which influences the magnetic or electric field of a measuring device, also not shown, and is used to determine the speed of rotation.
  • This variant of the extrusion tool can also be used to produce rod blanks with a smooth outer surface and exact swirl bores.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP92/01379 Sec. 371 Date May 2, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date May 2, 1994 PCT Filed Jun. 17, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/24190 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 9, 1993.The invention relates to a extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with at least one twisted internal bore (14). The nose (3) of the nozzle (2) has a smooth cylindrical channel (4). A bearer (6) is fitted coaxially inside the nozzle (2) which has a plurality of elastic threads (9) and/or channels or bores corresponding to the desired number of internal bores for the thread-shaped pressing of a plastic material into the extruded material. The bearer (6) and the nozzle nose (3) are rotary, i.e. they rotate about their longitudinal axes. The pitch of the twisted internal bores (14) produced is thus determined by the rotation speed of the thread bearer (6) and/or the nozzle nose (3) and the rate of flow of the extruded material. Rod blanks with high-precision helical internal bores (14) can thus be produced.

Description

_ 5 _ 5
Strangpreßwerkzeug zur Herstellung eines Hartmetall¬ oder Keramikstabes mit gedrallten InnenbohrungenExtrusion tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted inner bores
1010
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Strangpreßwerkzeug zur Herstel¬ lung eines Hartmetall- oder Keramikstabes mit mindestens einer gedrallten Innenbohrung, bei dem das Mundstück der Preßdüse einen glatten zylindrischen Kanal aufweist.The invention relates to an extrusion tool for the manufacture of a hard metal or ceramic rod with at least one twisted inner bore, in which the mouthpiece of the press nozzle has a smooth cylindrical channel.
1515
Hartmetall- oder Keramikstäbe mit gedrallten, d. h. schrau¬ benförmigen, Innenbohrungen, werden beispielsweise zu Boh¬ rern weiterverarbeitet. Die gedrallten Innenbohrungen bilden dabei die späteren Spül- bzw. Kühlkanäle zur HeranführungTungsten carbide or ceramic rods with twisted, i.e. H. screw-shaped inner bores are further processed, for example, into bores. The twisted inner bores form the later rinsing or cooling channels for introduction
20 des Kühl- und Spülmittels. Aus der EP 01 18 035 ist es bekannt, den aus der Strangpreßeinrichtung austretenden Roh¬ ling mittels entsprechender Verdrilleinrichtungen mit einer auf den Materialfluß, auf die gewünschte Bohrergeometrie und auf den Wendelverlauf der Kühlkanäle abgestimmten Winkelge-20 of the coolant and detergent. It is known from EP 01 18 035 that the blank emerging from the extrusion device can be twisted by means of appropriate twisting devices with an angular angle that is matched to the material flow, the desired drill geometry and the spiral profile of the cooling channels.
25 schwindigkeit zu verdrillen. Hierfür werden neben dem eigentlichen Strangpreßwerkzeug noch zusätzliche Verdrill¬ einrichtungen und hierauf abgestimmte Steuer- und Regelor¬ gane benötigt. Durch die von außen an dem aus dem Strang¬ preßwerkzeug austretenden Rohling angreifende Verdrillein-25 twisting speed. For this purpose, in addition to the actual extrusion tool, additional twisting devices and control and regulating organs matched to them are required. As a result of the twisting engagement from the outside of the blank emerging from the extrusion die
30 richtung kommt es zu unerwünschter Bildung von Riefen, Anpreßmarken und Einschnürungen. Aus der DE 36 00 681 AI ist ein Strangpreßwerkzeug bekanntgeworden, bei dem die Strang¬ preßmasse bereits während des Strangpreßvorgangs wendeiför¬ mig verdrillt wird. Zu diesem Zweck weist das Strang-30 direction, there is an undesirable formation of grooves, contact marks and constrictions. From DE 36 00 681 AI an extrusion tool has become known in which the extrusion compound is twisted in a helical manner already during the extrusion process. For this purpose, the strand
^35 preßwerkzeug eine Düse auf, an deren Innenmantel wenigstens ein in Preßrichtung wendeiförmig velaufender Steg angeordnet ist, der der durch die Düse gepreßten Stangpreßmasse von radial außen her eine Drallbewegung aufzwingt. Zur Bildung der gedrallten Bohrungen sind elastische Stifte vorgesehen, die in den Düseninnenraum ragen und den gewünschten Spülboh- rungsdurchmesser aufweisen. Mit diesem Strangpreßwerkzeug läßt sich keine gleichmäßige, über den gesamten Querschnitt des Rohlings wirkende Drallbewegung erzeugen, so daß die notwendige Geometrie der gedrallten Innenbohrungen kaum ein¬ gehalten und erhalten werden kann. Wegen der am Düseninnen- antel angeordneten Stege läßt sich auch kein Stabmaterial mit glatter Mantelfläche erzeugen; vielmehr weist das erzeugte Stabmaterial an seiner Mantel- oder Außenfläche ausgeprägte wendeiförmige Eindrückungen auf. Außerdem kommt es wegen des abrasiven Verhaltens der verarbeiteten Hartme¬ tall- bzw. Keramikmasse zu einem schnellen Verschleiß der Drallstege, so daß die Standzeit des Werkzeugs gering ist. Die Wiederaufarbeitung der Düsen z. B. durch Innenerodieren ist kostspielig und verteuert damit die Herstellung der Hartmetall- bzw. Keramikstäbe. Schließlich wurde auch schon ein Strangpreßwerkzeug vorgeschlagen, das im Inneren eine als Drallschnecke ausgebildete Dralleinrichtung aufweist, mit deren Hilfe die Strangpreßmasse während des Strang¬ preßvorgangs schon innerhalb des Strangpreßwerzeugs eine Drallbewegung erhält und das einen glatten zylindrischen Kanal aufweisende Düsenmundstück mit Drall verläßt. Die Bil¬ dung der wendeiförmigen Innenbohrungen erfolgt durch an der Dralleinrichtung befestigten elastischen Fäden oder durch aus der Dralleinrichtung austretendes und in den Massestrom eingepreßtes fadenförmiges Material. ^ 35 press tool on a nozzle, on the inner jacket at least one helically running web is arranged in the pressing direction, which forces the extruded material pressed through the nozzle from the outside radially a swirl movement. For education the twisted bores are provided with elastic pins which protrude into the interior of the nozzle and which have the desired rinsing bore diameter. With this extrusion tool it is not possible to produce a uniform swirl movement which acts over the entire cross section of the blank, so that the necessary geometry of the twisted inner bores can hardly be maintained and maintained. Because of the webs arranged on the inside of the nozzle, it is also not possible to produce rod material with a smooth surface; rather, the rod material produced has pronounced helical indentations on its outer or outer surface. In addition, because of the abrasive behavior of the processed hard metal or ceramic mass, the swirl webs wear out quickly, so that the tool life is short. The reprocessing of the nozzles z. B. by internal erosion is expensive and therefore expensive to manufacture the hard metal or ceramic rods. Finally, an extrusion tool has also already been proposed which has a swirl device designed as a swirl screw on the inside, with the aid of which the extrusion mass already undergoes a swirl movement within the extrusion tool during the extrusion process and which leaves a nozzle mouthpiece with swirl which has a smooth cylindrical channel. The helical inner bores are formed by elastic threads attached to the swirl device or by thread-like material emerging from the swirl device and pressed into the mass flow.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, das Strangpreßwerk- zeug nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 weiter zu verein¬ fachen und die Qualität der hiermit hergestellten Stab¬ rohlinge weiter zu verbessern.The object of the invention is to further simplify the extrusion tool according to the preamble of claim 1 and to further improve the quality of the rod blanks produced therewith.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß koaxial innerhalb der Preßdüse des Strangpreßwerkzeugs ein Träger angeordnet ist, der entsprechend der Anzahl der gewünschten Innenbohrungen mehrere in das Düsenmundstück hineinragende Fäden trägt, die entsprechend der Lage der Innenbohrungen in verschiedenemThis object is achieved in that a carrier is arranged coaxially within the press nozzle of the extrusion tool, which corresponds to the number of desired inner bores carries several threads protruding into the nozzle mouthpiece, which in different ways depending on the position of the inner bores
* radialen Abstand von der Längsachse angeordnet und befestigt sind. Dabei ist der Fadenträger und/oder das Düsenmundstück* radial distance from the longitudinal axis are arranged and fixed. Here is the thread carrier and / or the nozzle mouthpiece
' 5 drehbar ausgebildet, d. h. Fadenträger und/oder Düsenmund¬ stück rotieren um die Längsachse. Es ist also keine beson¬ dere Dralleinrichtung erforderlich, die der gesamten durch die Düse gepreßten Masse einen Drall aufzwingt. Beim Strang¬ preßwerkzeug nach der Erfindung rotiert die Strangpreßmasse'5 rotatable, d. H. Thread carrier and / or nozzle mouthpiece rotate about the longitudinal axis. It is therefore not necessary to have a special swirl device which imposes a swirl on the entire mass pressed through the nozzle. In the extrusion die according to the invention, the extrusion compound rotates
10 nicht, während der Fadenträger und/oder das innen glatte Düsenmundstück in Rotation gebracht wird bzw. werden. Der Steigungswinkel der erzeugten Drallkanäle wird also durch die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Fadenträgers bzw. des Düsenmundstücks und die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Preß-10 not while the thread carrier and / or the inside smooth nozzle mouthpiece is or are being rotated. The pitch angle of the swirl channels generated is thus determined by the rotational speed of the thread carrier or the nozzle mouthpiece and the flow speed of the press
15 masse bestimmt. Bei rotierender glatter Düse, also einer Düse bzw. einem Düsenmundstück ohne Vorsprünge, Stege oder dergleichen, wird unter dem hohen Preßdruck der Presse und durch die Oberflächenreibung der Düse erreicht, daß die aus¬ tretende Preßmasse nahezu schlupffrei mitrotiert. Zum Drehen15 mass determined. In the case of a rotating smooth nozzle, that is to say a nozzle or a nozzle mouthpiece without projections, webs or the like, under the high pressing pressure of the press and due to the surface friction of the nozzle, the emerging molding compound rotates almost without slip. For turning
20 des Fadenträgers ist innerhalb der Preßdüse ein Antrieb angeordnet. Der Fadenträger ist nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung als sich zum Düsenmundstück hin verjüngende Nabe gestaltet, d. h. sie weist die Form einer Propellernabe ohne Flügel auf. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Nabe als Hohlnabe20 of the thread carrier, a drive is arranged within the press nozzle. The thread carrier is designed according to a further feature of the invention as a hub tapering towards the nozzle mouthpiece, i. H. it has the shape of a propeller hub without wings. The hub is expediently a hollow hub
25 ausgebildet und weist mehrere, auf verschiedenen Teilkreisen liegende Bohrungen auf, in die die Fäden eingehängt sind. Diese Fäden tragen nach einem weiteren Merkmal an ihren in das Düsenmundstück ragenden Enden metallische oder andere, ein Magnet- oder elektrisches Feld beeinflussende Teile.25 formed and has a plurality of holes lying on different pitch circles, in which the threads are hung. According to a further feature, these threads carry metallic or other parts which influence a magnetic or electrical field at their ends projecting into the nozzle mouthpiece.
30 Hierdruch kann die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Fäden und damit indirekt bei bekannter Auspreßgeschwindigkeit der plastischen Masse die Drallsteigung gemessen werden. Durch die in vorbestimmten Abständen und in vorbestimmter Anzahl angeordneten Fäden des Fadenträgers werden im Massestrom30 The rotation speed of the threads and thus indirectly the twist pitch can be measured indirectly with known extrusion speed of the plastic mass. The threads in the mass flow are arranged in predetermined distances and in a predetermined number of threads of the thread carrier
35 stromabwärts rotationssymmetrisch angeordnete schraubenför¬ mig verlaufende Kanäle erzeugt, die hohe Präzision aufwei- sen. Die Drallkanäle können auch durch aus dem Fadenträger austretendes plastisches Material erzeugt werden.35 downstream, rotationally symmetrical screw-shaped channels are produced, which have high precision sen. The swirl channels can also be produced by plastic material emerging from the thread carrier.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention will now be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment in connection with the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch das Strangpreßwerkzeug in schematischer abgebrochener Darstellung undFig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the extrusion tool in a schematic broken view and
Fig. 2 die Vorderansicht des Fadenträgers mit Befestigungs¬ punkten für die Fäden auf verschiedenen Teilkreisen.2 shows the front view of the thread carrier with fastening points for the threads on different pitch circles.
Das Strangpreßwerkzeug besteht im wesentlichen aus dem Gehäuse 1, das in die einstückig mit ihm ausgebildete, sich konisch verjüngende Düse 2 übergeht. Das Düsenmundstück 3 weist einen glatten zylindrischen Kanal 4 auf und ist entwe¬ der einstückig mit der Düse 2 oder aber als getrenntes Teil, wie dargestellt, ausgebildet. Innerhalb der Preßdüse 2 ist in koaxialer Anordnung ein Dorn 5 vorgesehen, an dem der Fadenträger 6 befestigt ist. Dieser Fadenträger 6 ist in der Art einer Propellernabe etwa paraboloidförmig gestaltet und hohl ausgebildet. Wie in Fig. 2 zu erkennen, sind am Faden¬ träger 6 mehrere Befestigungsbohrungen 7 angeordnet, die auf verschiedenen Teilkreisen liegen, d. h. von der Längsachse 8 verschieden großen radialen Abstand besitzen. In diesen Boh¬ rungen 7 sind jeweils elastische Fäden 9 befestigt, und zwar in einer Anzahl, die der Anzahl der späteren gedrallten Innenbohrungen entspricht. Die Fäden 9 ragen in das Düsen¬ mundstück 3 hinein. Das Düsenmundstück 3 kann feststehend ausgebildet sein. Es kann aber auch drehbar sein. Auch der Fadenträger 6 kann feststehend oder aber drehbar ausgebildet sein. Im Falle der drehbaren Ausbildung von Fadenträger 8 und Düsenmundstück 3 ist jeweils ein Antrieb vorgesehen, um den Fadenträger 8 bzw. das Düsenmundstück 3 in Rotation zu versetzen. In Fig. 1 ist innerhalb des Dorns 5 ein Antrieb 10 angeordnet, der über die Welle 11 mit dem Fadenträger 6 in Verbindung steht und diesen in Rotation versetzt, wie durch den Pfeil A angedeutet. Die Rotation des Düsenmund¬ stücks 3 ist durch den Pfeil B symbolisiert. Die innerhalb des Ringsspalts 12 zwischen Dorn 5 und Gehäuse 1 bzw. Düse 2 befindliche Keramik- bzw. Hartmetallmasse wird durch eine nicht weiter gezeigte Preßvorrichtung (Extruder, Kolben usw. ) am Fadenträger 6 vorbei in das Düsenmundstück 3 gepreßt und tritt als Stabrohling 13 aus, der anschließend durch Sintern weiterbehandelt wird.The extrusion tool essentially consists of the housing 1, which merges into the conically tapering nozzle 2 which is formed in one piece with it. The nozzle mouthpiece 3 has a smooth cylindrical channel 4 and is either formed in one piece with the nozzle 2 or as a separate part, as shown. Within the press nozzle 2, a mandrel 5 is provided in a coaxial arrangement, to which the thread carrier 6 is attached. This thread carrier 6 is approximately paraboloid-shaped in the manner of a propeller hub and hollow. As can be seen in FIG. 2, a plurality of fastening bores 7 are arranged on the thread carrier 6 and lie on different pitch circles, that is to say they have a different radial distance from the longitudinal axis 8. Elastic threads 9 are fastened in each of these holes 7, namely in a number which corresponds to the number of later twisted inner bores. The threads 9 protrude into the nozzle mouthpiece 3. The nozzle mouthpiece 3 can be designed to be stationary. But it can also be rotatable. The thread carrier 6 can also be designed to be stationary or rotatable. In the case of the rotatable formation of the thread carrier 8 and the nozzle mouthpiece 3, a drive is provided in each case in order to set the thread carrier 8 or the nozzle mouthpiece 3 in rotation. In FIG. 1, a drive 10 is arranged inside the mandrel 5, which drives the thread carrier 6 via the shaft 11 communicates and rotates it, as indicated by arrow A. The rotation of the nozzle mouthpiece 3 is symbolized by the arrow B. The ceramic or hard metal mass located within the annular gap 12 between the mandrel 5 and the housing 1 or nozzle 2 is pressed by a pressing device (extruder, piston, etc.) not shown further past the thread carrier 6 into the nozzle mouthpiece 3 and emerges as a rod blank 13 which is then further treated by sintering.
Es bestehen nun verschiedene Möglichkeiten, um in diesem Stabrohling 13 die gedrallten Innenbohrungen 14 zu erzeugen. Zum einen kann der Fadenträger 6 in Rotation versetzt wer¬ den. Hierbei wird der Träger 6 von innen her durch den Antrieb 10 mit einer bestimmten Winkelgeschwindigkeit ange¬ trieben, um die gewünschte Drallform zu erzeugen. Die Strangpreßmasse wird ausgepreßt und rotiert nicht. Die Rota¬ tionsgeschwindigkeit des Fadenträgers 6 und die (axiale) Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Preßmasse bestimmen den Stei- gungswinkel der erzeugten Drallkanäle 13. Das Düsenmundstück 3 steht fest, d. h. rotiert nicht. In einem anderen Falle, bei dem das Düsenmundstück 3 drehbar ist und der Fadenträger 6 feststeht, d. h. keinen Antrieb aufweist, wird das glatte Düsenmundstück 3 in Rotation gemäß Pfeil B versetzt. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß durch den hohen Preßdruck der Presse und die Obeflächenreibung in der glatten rotierenden Düse 3, obwohl diese keinerlei Vorsprünge oder dergleichen aufweist, die austretende Preßmasse fast schlupffrei mitrotiert. Es werden deshalb auch auf diese Weise Rohlinge mit exakt gedrallten Innenbohrungen erzielt. Schließlich können sowohl der Fadenträger 6 als auch das Düsenmundstück 3 rotierend ausgebildet sein, so daß eine Überlagerung der Rotationsbe¬ wegung der Düse 3 und des Fadenträger 6 erhalten wird. Bei gleichgerichteter Rotation von Düse und Fadenträger findet also eine Verstärkung der Rotation, bei entgegengesetzter Rotation von Düse und Fadenträger eine Abschwachung der Rotation und damit des Dralls der Innenbohrungen statt. Der Fadenträger 6 kann beispielsweise mit konstanter Geschwin¬ digkeit rotieren, während die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Düse 3 variabel ist und eventuell Drallfehler ausgleicht. Um die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Fäden 9 zu messen und damit bei bekannter Auspreßgeschwindigkeit der Masse die Drall¬ steigung festzustellen, tragen die Enden der Fäden 9 im Bereich innerhalb des Düsenmundstücks 3 metallische oder andere, ein Magnetfeld oder ein elektrisches Feld beeinflus- sende Teile. Mit einer außen angeordneten, nicht weiter gezeigten Meßeinrichtung kann sodann die Rotationsgeschwin¬ digkeit bestimmt und je nach den Erfordernissen geändert werden. Insgesamt ergibt sich also ein einfach ausfgebautes Strangwerkzeug, mit dem an der Mantelfläche völlig glatte Stabrohlinge mit hochpräzis gedrallten Innenbohrungen erzeugt werden können.There are now various possibilities for producing the twisted inner bores 14 in this rod blank 13. On the one hand, the thread carrier 6 can be set in rotation. Here, the carrier 6 is driven from the inside by the drive 10 at a certain angular velocity in order to produce the desired swirl shape. The extrusion is pressed out and does not rotate. The rotation speed of the thread carrier 6 and the (axial) flow speed of the molding compound determine the pitch angle of the swirl channels 13 generated. The nozzle mouthpiece 3 is fixed, ie does not rotate. In another case, in which the nozzle mouthpiece 3 is rotatable and the thread carrier 6 is fixed, ie has no drive, the smooth nozzle mouthpiece 3 is set in rotation according to arrow B. It has been shown that, due to the high pressing pressure of the press and the surface friction in the smooth rotating nozzle 3, although the latter has no projections or the like, the emerging molding compound rotates almost slip-free. Blanks with precisely twisted inner bores are therefore also obtained in this way. Finally, both the thread carrier 6 and the nozzle mouthpiece 3 can be designed to rotate, so that a superimposition of the rotational movement of the nozzle 3 and the thread carrier 6 is obtained. If the nozzle and thread carrier rotate in the same direction, the rotation is amplified, and if the nozzle and thread carrier rotate in opposite directions, the rotation is weakened Rotation and thus the swirl of the inner holes instead. The thread carrier 6 can, for example, rotate at a constant speed, while the speed of rotation of the nozzle 3 is variable and possibly compensates for twist errors. In order to measure the rotational speed of the threads 9 and thus to determine the twist pitch when the mass is squeezed out, the ends of the threads 9 carry metallic or other parts influencing a magnetic field or an electric field in the area within the nozzle mouthpiece 3. The rotational speed can then be determined with an externally arranged measuring device (not shown further) and changed depending on the requirements. All in all, this results in a simply removed extrusion tool, with which completely smooth rod blanks with highly precise, twisted inner bores can be produced on the lateral surface.
Anstelle der elastischen Fäden 9 kann zur Erzeugung der Drallkanäle 14 auch plastisches Material in den Massestrom eingepreßt werden. Dabei tritt dieses plastische Material fadenförmig aus den Bohrungen 7 des Trägers 6 aus, wobei die Bohrungen 7 noch mit nicht weiter dargestellten Kanälen und einer entsprechend ausgebildeten Preßkammer oder dergleichen in Verbindung stehen. Das plastische fadenförmige Material enthält als Füllmasse ein metallisches Pulver, das das Magnet- oder elektrische Feld einer ebenfalls nicht weiter gezeigten Meßeinrichtung beeinflußt und zur Bestimmung der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit herangezogen wird. Auch mit dieser Variante des Strangpreßwerkzeugs lassen sich Stabrohlinge mit glatter Mantelfläche und exakten Drallbohrungen herstel¬ len. Instead of the elastic threads 9, plastic material can also be pressed into the mass flow to produce the swirl channels 14. This plastic material emerges in a thread-like manner from the bores 7 of the carrier 6, the bores 7 still being connected to channels (not shown in further detail) and a correspondingly designed press chamber or the like. The plastic thread-like material contains a metallic powder as the filling compound, which influences the magnetic or electric field of a measuring device, also not shown, and is used to determine the speed of rotation. This variant of the extrusion tool can also be used to produce rod blanks with a smooth outer surface and exact swirl bores.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Strangpreßwerkzeug zur Herstellung eines Harmetall- oder Keramikstabes mit mindestens einer gedrallten Innenbohrung, bei dem das Mundstück der Preßdüse einen glatten zylindrischen Kanal aufweist, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß koaxial innerhalb der Preßdüse (2) ein Träger (6) angeordnet ist, der entsprechend der Anzahl der gewünschten Innenbohrungen (14) mehrere in das Düsenmundstück (3) hineinragende elastische Fäden (9) und/oder Kanäle bzw. Bohrungen (7) zum fadenförmigen Einpressen eines plastischen Materials in den Masse- ström aufweist, die entsprechend der Lage der Innenboh¬ rungen (14) in verschiedenen radialen Abständen von der Achse (8) befestigt bzw. angeordnet sind.1. extrusion tool for producing a metal or ceramic rod with at least one twisted inner bore, in which the mouthpiece of the press nozzle has a smooth cylindrical channel, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a carrier (6) is arranged coaxially within the press nozzle (2) corresponding to the number of desired inner bores (14), a plurality of elastic threads (9) and / or channels or bores (7) projecting into the nozzle mouthpiece (3) for thread-like pressing of a plastic material into the mass flow, which according to the position of the Inner bores (14) are fastened or arranged at different radial distances from the axis (8).
2. Strangpreßwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß der Träger (6) drehbar ausgebildet ist, wobei innerhalb der Preßdüse (2) bzw. des Dorns (5) ein Antrieb (10) angeordnet ist.2. Extrusion tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier (6) is rotatable, a drive (10) being arranged within the press nozzle (2) or the mandrel (5).
3. Strangpreßwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß bei feststehendem Fadenträger (6) das3. Extrusion tool according to claim 1, characterized in that when the thread carrier (6) is stationary
Mundstück (3) der Düse drehbar ist.Mouthpiece (3) of the nozzle is rotatable.
4. Strangpreßwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß sowohl der Fadenträger (6) als auch das Düsenmundstück (3) drehbar ausgebildet sind. 4. extrusion tool according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that both the thread carrier (6) and the nozzle mouthpiece (3) are rotatable.
5. Strangpreßwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fadenträger (6) als sich zum Düsenmundstück (3) hin verjüngende Nabe gestaltet ist.5. Extrusion tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the thread carrier (6) is designed as a tapering hub towards the nozzle mouthpiece (3).
6. Strangpreßwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden (9) an ihren in das Düsenmundstück (3) ragenden Enden metallische oder andere, ein Magnet- oder elektrisches Feld beeinflus- sende Teile aufweisen.6. Extrusion tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the threads (9) have at their ends in the nozzle mouthpiece (3) projecting ends metallic or other, a magnetic or electrical field influencing parts.
7. Strangpreßwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das in den Massestrom ein¬ gepreßte plastische Material als Füllmasse ein metalli- sches Pulver zur Beeinflussung des Magnet- oder elektrischen Feldes einer Meßeinrichtung enthält.7. An extrusion tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plastic material pressed into the mass flow contains a metallic powder as filler for influencing the magnetic or electrical field of a measuring device.
8. Strangpreßwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die Fäden (9) tragende bzw. das fadenförmige Material auspressende Nabe (6) als Hohlnabe ausgebildet ist und mehrere Bohrungen (7) auf verschiedenen Teilkreisen aufweist, in die die Fäden (9) eingehängt sind bzw. aus denen das plastische Material ausgepreßt wird. 8. extrusion tool according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the threads (9) carrying or the thread-like material pressing hub (6) is designed as a hollow hub and has a plurality of bores (7) on different pitch circles into which the Threads (9) are suspended or from which the plastic material is pressed.
EP92913017A 1991-06-19 1992-06-17 Extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted internal bores Expired - Lifetime EP0590008B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4120166A DE4120166C2 (en) 1991-06-19 1991-06-19 Extrusion tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted inner holes
DE4120166 1991-06-19
PCT/EP1992/001379 WO1992022390A1 (en) 1991-06-19 1992-06-17 Extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted internal bores

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EP0590008A1 true EP0590008A1 (en) 1994-04-06
EP0590008B1 EP0590008B1 (en) 1996-02-07

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EP (1) EP0590008B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3312355B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE133879T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4120166C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2082478T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1992022390A1 (en)

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DE59205315D1 (en) 1996-03-21
US5438858A (en) 1995-08-08
DE4120166A1 (en) 1993-01-07
DE4120166C2 (en) 1994-10-06
ES2082478T3 (en) 1996-03-16
JP3312355B2 (en) 2002-08-05
EP0590008B1 (en) 1996-02-07
WO1992022390A1 (en) 1992-12-23
JPH06508301A (en) 1994-09-22
ATE133879T1 (en) 1996-02-15

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