EP0589370A1 - Method for producing a hollow body - Google Patents

Method for producing a hollow body Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0589370A1
EP0589370A1 EP93115035A EP93115035A EP0589370A1 EP 0589370 A1 EP0589370 A1 EP 0589370A1 EP 93115035 A EP93115035 A EP 93115035A EP 93115035 A EP93115035 A EP 93115035A EP 0589370 A1 EP0589370 A1 EP 0589370A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
base body
hollow body
connection
boards
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP93115035A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gerhard Schiessl
Horst Lindner
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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Publication of EP0589370A1 publication Critical patent/EP0589370A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/053—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure characterised by the material of the blanks
    • B21D26/059—Layered blanks

Definitions

  • internal high pressure forming is known as one of the methods for producing a hollow body and is described in the relevant literature (DE-Z "B only Bleche Rohr Profile” 6/1986, pages 117-120; DE-Z “Bleche Rohr Profile” 35 (1988) 3 , Pages 175 - 180; "Progress Reports” VDI Row 2 No. 142, VDI-Verlag; each with cross-references to further literature).
  • the hydroforming process is preferably used to produce hollow parts of different shapes.
  • the method of operation is such that a blank workpiece is placed in a mold, subjected to high internal pressure with the aid of a suitable hydraulic fluid and, if necessary, is reshaped with axial pressure on the tube wall. Axial pressure and internal pressure cause the workpiece blank to lie against the inner contour of the mold. The material is brought into the plastic state, which is maintained during the entire forming process, taking material hardening and any tool forces into account.
  • DE 18 07 269 C3 describes a method for producing an annular hollow body by high-pressure forming using an inflation needle tool, two sheet metal parts which have been pre-formed and welded to one another at the edges serving as the workpiece blank.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing the known manufacturing method in such a way that hollow bodies of larger internal cross sections can also be produced therewith.
  • the invention thus presents itself as a combination of two production processes, namely - high pressure forming - and - deep drawing.
  • deep drawing is also a well-known and sophisticated forming process known in the prior art.
  • a base body 1 of a hollow body to be produced is shown.
  • This can be, for example, the basic shape for a chassis control arm of a motor vehicle.
  • the method according to the invention is also suitable, inter alia, for the production of chassis frame parts, engine or transmission auxiliary frames, longitudinal and cross members, columns, sills, roof frames etc. as parts or structure of a motor vehicle body.
  • two sheet metal blanks 2, 3 of the same or different thickness or materials with identical edge dimensions are placed on top of one another and connected to one another at the edge by means of welded connection 4, for example with the aid of laser beam welding.
  • welded connection 4 for example with the aid of laser beam welding.
  • any other suitable welding process or any other suitable type of connection e.g. soldering, gluing
  • formations 5, 6 are simultaneously produced in the cutting tool used by suitable hold-down devices, so that a channel 7 is created which enables the high-pressure liquid to penetrate more easily during the subsequent forming process.
  • the cross section of this channel 7 can, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, taper further in its further course starting from a filling opening 8.
  • a conical mandrel / lance can be used to introduce the high-pressure liquid, as described, for example, in DE 40 17 072 A1, which was dealt with at the beginning, and can be attached to the filler opening 8, annular beads serving as seals.
  • the base body 1 produced in the manner described is then inserted into a corresponding tool in a manner shown in FIG. 4 for the application of the internal high pressure forming process.
  • this consists of a vertically movable (arrow 17) upper tool part 9 and a lower tool part 10, the opposing boundary surfaces 11, 12 of which are shaped according to the desired shape of the later hollow body, that is to say form a mold cavity.
  • Hydraulic units are assigned to the sheet metal holder 16 in order to be able to exert a different sheet metal holder pressure on the blanks 2, 3 in the course of the forming process.
  • Such a sheet holder pressure control is not necessary in every case. This can e.g. B. depend on the board materials used or other boundary conditions.
  • the sheet metal holder pressure control during the forming process reference can be made, for example, to the content of DE 37 44 177 C2, in which a method for producing deep-drawn parts, in particular deep-drawn sheets for body elements of motor vehicles, is described.
  • the sheet metal holder pressure can be adjusted several times, if necessary, so that a more or less strong material inflow of the blanks material from the edge region 13 into the mold cavity formed by the upper and lower parts 9, 10 he follows.
  • the shaping movement is not initiated by a vertically movable stamp which acts on a deep-drawing sheet resting on a die, but by the fact that at the filling opening 8 the opening already mentioned in connection with the known prior art (DE 40 17 072) addressed connection (mandrel / lance) for the cavity fitting with high pressure liquid.
  • wave-shaped brake contours can be incorporated into die cushions 14 or sheet metal holders 16 in order to be able to ensure controlled braking of the flowing board material. It is understood that the material entry into the mold cavity takes place only as far as the edge side Welded connection 4 remains in any case in the area of die cushion 14 and sheet holder 16, so that the welded area is only minimally clamped by z. B. tensile forces are claimed and there can be no damage to the weld joint 4.
  • the hollow body made of different materials such. B. uncoated steel, galvanized sheet, high-strength sheet or aluminum can be made and also blanks 2.3 of different thickness can be used, are the optimal process parameters (e.g. sheet metal holder pressure control, forming speed, etc.) including the one in the deep-drawing process and in the case of high-pressure forming, on the other hand, to determine existing experience on the basis of tests. It would be conceivable, with appropriate material properties, to form the blanks 2, 3 by means of a single, folded (180 °) and connected (e.g. welded) blank at the free edge area.
  • optimal process parameters e.g. sheet metal holder pressure control, forming speed, etc.
  • the tool shape ultimately determining the hollow body contour can, for. B. also be divided into three parts (instead of two parts - upper tool part 9 and lower tool part 10 - as shown in the exemplary embodiment).

Abstract

A method for producing a hollow body using a starting body (1) produced from plates (2, 3) joined together at the edges is characterised by the combined use of internal high-pressure forming and deep-drawing. It is thereby possible to produce a large number of different designs of hollow body, even those with relatively large internal cross-sections, without problems in an advantageous manner. <IMAGE>

Description

Als eines der Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hohlkörpers ist beispielsweise das Innenhochdruckumformen bekannt und in der einschlägigen Literatur beschrieben (DE-Z "Bänder Bleche Rohre" 6/1986, Seiten 117 - 120; DE-Z "Bleche Rohre Profile" 35 (1988) 3, Seiten 175 - 180; "Fortschrittsberichte" VDI Reihe 2 Nr. 142, VDI-Verlag; jeweils mit Querverweisen zu weiterführendem Schrifttum).For example, internal high pressure forming is known as one of the methods for producing a hollow body and is described in the relevant literature (DE-Z "Bänder Bleche Rohr Profile" 6/1986, pages 117-120; DE-Z "Bleche Rohr Profile" 35 (1988) 3 , Pages 175 - 180; "Progress Reports" VDI Row 2 No. 142, VDI-Verlag; each with cross-references to further literature).

Das Innenhochdruckumformverfahren wird vorzugsweise zur Herstellung unterschiedlich geformter Hohlteile angewendet. Die Arbeitsweise ist dabei dergestalt, daß ein Werkstück-Rohling in eine Form gelegt, unter Zuhilfenahme eines geeigneten Hydraulik-Fluids mit hohem Innendruck beaufschlagt und ggf. unter gleichzeitger Beaufschlagung mit axialem Druck auf die Rohrwandung umgeformt wird. Axialdruck und Innendruck bewirken, daß sich der Werkstück-Rohling an die Innenkontur der Form anlegt. Dabei wird der Werkstoff in den plastischen Zustand versetzt, der während des gesamten Umformvorganges unter Berücksichtigung von Werkstoffverfestigung und etwaiger Werkzeugkräfte aufrechterhalten bleibt.The hydroforming process is preferably used to produce hollow parts of different shapes. The method of operation is such that a blank workpiece is placed in a mold, subjected to high internal pressure with the aid of a suitable hydraulic fluid and, if necessary, is reshaped with axial pressure on the tube wall. Axial pressure and internal pressure cause the workpiece blank to lie against the inner contour of the mold. The material is brought into the plastic state, which is maintained during the entire forming process, taking material hardening and any tool forces into account.

Da als Werkstück-Rohling regelmäßig Rohre (mit unterschiedlichem Durchmesser und Wandstärke) eingesetzt werden, ist trotz verschiedener bekannter Varianten dieses Herstellungsverfahrens nicht jede beliebige Werkstück-Endform erreichbar.Since pipes (with different diameters and wall thicknesses) are regularly used as the workpiece blank, not every final workpiece shape can be achieved despite various known variants of this manufacturing process.

Dahingegend weiterführende Möglichkeiten eröffnen sich beispielsweise gemäß DE 40 17 072 A1 dadurch, daß der Werkstück-Rohling vor dem eigentlichen Innenhochdruckumformprozeß vorgeformt, nämlich gebogen wird. Eine weiterführende Flexibilität hinsichtlich der Formgebung des Werkstück-Rohlinges ist mit der Verfahrensweise gemäß DE 17 52 852 C3 erreichbar. Dort wird ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines zwischen zwei vorher durch Schweißen miteinander verbundenen Platinen unterschiedlicher Härte ausgebildeten Kanalsystems beschrieben.On the other hand, further possibilities open up, for example according to DE 40 17 072 A1, in that the workpiece blank is preformed, namely bent, before the actual hydroforming process. Further flexibility with regard to the shape of the workpiece blank can be achieved with the procedure according to DE 17 52 852 C3. There, a method is described for producing a channel system formed between two boards of different hardness previously connected by welding.

Die DE 18 07 269 C3 schließlich beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ringförmigen Hohlkörpers durch Hochdruckumformen unter Verwendung eines Aufblasnadelwerkzeuges, wobei als Werkstück-Rohling zwei randseitig miteinander verschweißte und vorher vorgeformte Blechteile dienen.Finally, DE 18 07 269 C3 describes a method for producing an annular hollow body by high-pressure forming using an inflation needle tool, two sheet metal parts which have been pre-formed and welded to one another at the edges serving as the workpiece blank.

Zwar eröffnen sich mit den vorstehend abgehandelten Dokumenten aus der Patentliteratur eine Reihe von Möglichkeiten hinsichtlich der Formgebung von Werkstück-Rohlingen; dem Grad des durch das Innenhochdruckumformen möglichen Aufweitens sind aber Grenzen gesetzt, die sich beispielsweise aus der mechanischen Belastbarkeit der Schweißverbindungen ergeben.Although the documents from the patent literature dealt with above open up a number of possibilities with regard to the shaping of workpiece blanks; however, the degree of expansion that is possible due to internal high-pressure forming is subject to limits, which result, for example, from the mechanical strength of the welded connections.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, das bekannte Herstellungsverfahren in der Weise weiterzubilden, daß damit auch Hohlkörper größerer Innenquerschnitte hergestellt werden können.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing the known manufacturing method in such a way that hollow bodies of larger internal cross sections can also be produced therewith.

Dies gelingt erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Ein zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besonders geeignetes Werkzeug ist in Patentanspruch 5 angegeben.This is achieved according to the invention with the characterizing features of patent claim 1. A tool that is particularly suitable for carrying out the method is specified in patent claim 5.

Die Erfindung stellt sich somit als Kombination zweier Herstellungsverfahren, nämlich - Hochdruckumformen - und - Tiefziehen - dar. Dabei ist auch das Tiefziehen ein im Stand der Technik hinlänglich bekanntes und ausgereiftes Umformverfahren.The invention thus presents itself as a combination of two production processes, namely - high pressure forming - and - deep drawing. Thereby deep drawing is also a well-known and sophisticated forming process known in the prior art.

Zwar ist es bereits aus der eingangs erwähnten DE 17 52 852 C3 bekannt, bei der Herstellung eines Plattenwärmetauschers, insbesondere bei der Herstellung einer kalibriert aufgeweiteten Anschlußstelle desselben, das weitere Aufweiten einer Verengung der Anschlußstelle mittels eines in diese eingeführten Kalibrierdornes gegen im Bereich der Verengung außerhalb der Blechtafeln vorgesehene unterschiedliche mechanische Widerstände vorzunehmen. Als solche kommen beispielsweise Hemmkissen aus verschiedenen formbaren Materialien zum Einsatz. Der Gesamtverbund kann dann von Stützplatten umfaßt und durch Klemmkräfte zusammengehalten werden. Auch kann ein Hemmkissen durch eine starre Abstützung ersetzt werden.Although it is already known from the aforementioned DE 17 52 852 C3, in the manufacture of a plate heat exchanger, in particular in the manufacture of a calibrated widened connection point, the further widening of a narrowing of the connection point by means of a calibration mandrel introduced into it in the area of the constriction outside to perform different mechanical resistances provided on the metal sheets. As such, restraint cushions made of various malleable materials are used. The entire assembly can then be covered by support plates and held together by clamping forces. An inhibitor cushion can also be replaced by a rigid support.

Aus diesem Stand der Technik könnte somit im weitesten Sinne die Maßnahme abgeleitet werden, im Bereich der Schweißverbindung (hier durch Warmwalzen) eine Abstützung bzw. Verklemmung der verbundenen Blechplatinen während des Hochdruckumformens vorzusehen. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorgehensweise nach dem Kennzeichen des Patentanspruches 1 hingegen ist durch diesen Stand der Technik nicht nahegelegt.From this prior art, the measure could be derived in the broadest sense to provide support or jamming of the connected sheet metal blanks in the area of the welded connection (here by hot rolling) during high-pressure forming. The procedure according to the invention according to the characterizing part of patent claim 1, however, is not suggested by this prior art.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Grundkörper eines herzustellenden Hohlkörpers in der Draufsicht,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß Pfeile II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß Pfeile III in Fig. 1 und
Fig. 4
eine schematisierte Teil-Darstellung eines Werkzeuges zur Herstellung des Hohlkörpers aus eingelegten, randseitig verschweißten Platinen.
Advantageous refinements of the method according to the invention are specified in the subclaims. An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
a basic body of a hollow body to be produced in plan view,
Fig. 2
2 shows a sectional view according to arrows II in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a sectional view according to arrows III in Fig. 1 and
Fig. 4
a schematic partial representation of a tool for producing the hollow body from inserted, edge-welded boards.

In den Fig. 1 - 3 ist ein Grundkörper 1 eines herzustellenden Hohlkörpers gezeigt. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um die Grundform für einen Fahrwerkslenker eines Kraftfahrzeuges handeln. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich unter anderem auch zur Herstellung von Fahrwerk-Rahmenteilen, Motor- bzw. Getriebehilfsrahmen, Längs- und Querträger, Säulen, Schweller, Dachrahmen usw. als Teile oder Struktur einer Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie.1-3, a base body 1 of a hollow body to be produced is shown. This can be, for example, the basic shape for a chassis control arm of a motor vehicle. The method according to the invention is also suitable, inter alia, for the production of chassis frame parts, engine or transmission auxiliary frames, longitudinal and cross members, columns, sills, roof frames etc. as parts or structure of a motor vehicle body.

Zur Herstellung des besagten Grundkörpers 1 werden zwei Blechplatinen 2,3 gleicher oder unterschiedlicher Dicke bzw. Materialien mit indentischen Randabmessungen aufeinandergelegt und randseitig mittels Schweißverbindung 4, beispielsweise unter Zuhilfenahme des Laserstrahlschweißens, miteinander verbunden. Selbstverständlich kann auch jedes andere geeignete Schweißverfahren oder jede andere geeignete Verbindungsart (z. B. Löten, Kleben) angewendet werden. Bei der Herstellung der Platinen 2,3 werden gleichzeitig im dabei verwendeten Schneidwerkzeug durch geeignete Niederhalter Ausformungen 5,6 erzeugt, so daß ein Kanal 7 entsteht, der ein leichteres Eindringen der Hochdruckflüssigkeit beim späteren Umformvorgang ermöglicht. Dabei kann der Querschnitt dieses Kanales 7, wie die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen, sich ohne weiteres von einer Einfüllöffnung 8 ausgehend in seinem weiteren Verlauf verjüngen.To produce said base body 1, two sheet metal blanks 2, 3 of the same or different thickness or materials with identical edge dimensions are placed on top of one another and connected to one another at the edge by means of welded connection 4, for example with the aid of laser beam welding. Of course, any other suitable welding process or any other suitable type of connection (e.g. soldering, gluing) can also be used. In the manufacture of the blanks 2, 3, formations 5, 6 are simultaneously produced in the cutting tool used by suitable hold-down devices, so that a channel 7 is created which enables the high-pressure liquid to penetrate more easily during the subsequent forming process. The cross section of this channel 7 can, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, taper further in its further course starting from a filling opening 8.

Zum Einbringen der Hochdruckflüssigkeit kann, wie beispielsweise in der eingangs abgehandelten DE 40 17 072 A1 beschrieben, ein konischer Dorn/Lanze zum Einsatz kommen und an die Einfüllöffnung 8 angesetzt werden, wobei Ringwülste der Abdichtung dienen.A conical mandrel / lance can be used to introduce the high-pressure liquid, as described, for example, in DE 40 17 072 A1, which was dealt with at the beginning, and can be attached to the filler opening 8, annular beads serving as seals.

Der in der geschilderten Weise hergestellte Grundkörper 1 wird sonach für die Anwendung des Innenhochdruckumformprozesses in einer in Fig. 4 gezeigten Weise in ein entsprechendes Werkzeug eingelegt. Dieses besteht im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel aus einem vertikal beweglichen (Pfeil 17) Werkzeugoberteil 9 und einem Werkzeugunterteil 10, deren sich gegenüberliegende Begrenzungsflächen 11, 12 entsprechend der gewünschten Form des späteren Hohlkörpers ausgeformt sind, also einen Formhohlraum bilden.The base body 1 produced in the manner described is then inserted into a corresponding tool in a manner shown in FIG. 4 for the application of the internal high pressure forming process. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this consists of a vertically movable (arrow 17) upper tool part 9 and a lower tool part 10, the opposing boundary surfaces 11, 12 of which are shaped according to the desired shape of the later hollow body, that is to say form a mold cavity.

Ein relativ breiter Randbereich 13, der die Schweißverbindung 4 einschließt, liegt auf einem Ziehkissen 14 auf, dem ein vertikal beweglicher (Pfeil 15) Blechhalter 16 gegenübersteht. Dem Blechhalter 16 sind hier nicht gezeigte, bei Tiefziehpressen allerdings allgemein bekannte Hydraulikeinheiten zugeordnet, um einen im Verlaufe des Umformprozesses unterschiedlichen Blechhalterdruck auf die Platinen 2,3 ausüben zu können. Eine solche Blechhalterdruckregelung ist aber nicht in jedem Falle erforderlich. Dies kann z. B. von den verwendeten Platinenwerkstoffen oder sonstigen Randbedingungen abhängen.A relatively wide edge area 13, which includes the weld connection 4, lies on a die cushion 14, which is opposed by a vertically movable (arrow 15) sheet holder 16. Hydraulic units, not shown here, but generally known in deep-drawing presses, are assigned to the sheet metal holder 16 in order to be able to exert a different sheet metal holder pressure on the blanks 2, 3 in the course of the forming process. Such a sheet holder pressure control is not necessary in every case. This can e.g. B. depend on the board materials used or other boundary conditions.

Bezüglich der Blechhalterdruckregelung während des Umformvorganges kann beispielsweise auf den Inhalt der DE 37 44 177 C2 verwiesen werden, in der ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Tiefziehteilen, insbesondere von Tiefziehblechen für Karosserieelemente von Kraftfahrzeugen, beschrieben ist. Im Verlaufe des Aufweitens der Platinen 2,3 zu einem Hohlkörper kann so durch ggf. mehrfache Anpassung des Blechhalterdruckes bewirkt werden, daß ein mehr oder weniger starker Materialeinlauf des Platinenwerkstoffes aus dem Randbereich 13 in den durch Werkzeugober- bzw. Unterteil 9,10 gebildeten Formhohlraum erfolgt.With regard to the sheet metal holder pressure control during the forming process, reference can be made, for example, to the content of DE 37 44 177 C2, in which a method for producing deep-drawn parts, in particular deep-drawn sheets for body elements of motor vehicles, is described. In the course of the expansion of the blanks 2, 3 to form a hollow body, the sheet metal holder pressure can be adjusted several times, if necessary, so that a more or less strong material inflow of the blanks material from the edge region 13 into the mold cavity formed by the upper and lower parts 9, 10 he follows.

Angewendet auf die vorliegende Erfindung erfolgt die Einleitung der Umformbewegung nicht durch einen vertikal beweglichen Stempel, der auf ein auf einer Matritze aufliegendes Tiefziehblech einwirkt, sondern dadurch, daß an die Einfüllöffnung 8 der bereits eingangs in Zusammenhang mit dem bekannten Stand der Technik (DE 40 17 072) angesprochene Anschluß (Dorn/Lanze) für die Hohlraumbeschlagung mit Hochdruckflüssigkeit angesetzt wird.Applied to the present invention, the shaping movement is not initiated by a vertically movable stamp which acts on a deep-drawing sheet resting on a die, but by the fact that at the filling opening 8 the opening already mentioned in connection with the known prior art (DE 40 17 072) addressed connection (mandrel / lance) for the cavity fitting with high pressure liquid.

In Ziehkissen 14 bzw. Blechhalter 16 können aus der Tiefziehtechnik bekannte, beispielsweise wellenförmige Bremskonturen eingearbeitet sein, um ein kontrolliertes Abbremsen des nachfließenden Platinenwerkstoffes sicherstellen zu können. Es versteht sich, daß der Materialeinlauf in den Formhohlraum nur soweit erfolgt, als die randseitge Schweißverbindung 4 in jedem Falle noch im Bereich von Ziehkissen 14 und Blechhalter 16 verbleibt, so daß durch die Einspannung der Schweißnahtbereich nur minimal durch z. B. Zugkräfte beansprucht wird und es zu keiner Beschädigung der Schweißnahtverbindung 4 kommen kann.Known from deep-drawing technology, for example wave-shaped brake contours, can be incorporated into die cushions 14 or sheet metal holders 16 in order to be able to ensure controlled braking of the flowing board material. It is understood that the material entry into the mold cavity takes place only as far as the edge side Welded connection 4 remains in any case in the area of die cushion 14 and sheet holder 16, so that the welded area is only minimally clamped by z. B. tensile forces are claimed and there can be no damage to the weld joint 4.

Zusammenfassend läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Herstellungsverfahren unter bevorzugter Verwendung des vorstehend beschriebenen Werkzeuges im Detail durch folgende Schritte charakterisieren:

  • Herstellen der beiden den Grundkörper 1 bildenden Platinen 2,3 mit Ausformungen 5,6,
  • Fügen der Platinen 2,3 in deren Randbereich im Ausgangszustand durch insbesondere Laserschweißen,
  • Einlegen des Grundkörpers 1 in das geöffnete Werkzeug,
  • Absenken von Werkzeugoberteil 9 und Blechhalter 16,
  • Ansetzen des Anschlusses (Dorn/Lanze) für die Hohlraumbeaufschlagung mit Hochdruckflüssigkeit an die Einfüllöffnung 8,
  • Umformen (Hochdruckumformen mit gleichzeitigem Materialnachlauf aus dem eingespannten Randbereich 13 in den Fornhohlraum) des Grundkörpers 1 zu einem Hohlkörper,
  • Öffnen von Werkzeugoberteil 9 und Blechhalter 16 sowie Entfernen des Hochdruckflüssigkeits-Anschlusses (Dorn/Lanze),
  • Abtrennen des Hochdruckflüssigkeits-Anschlußbereiches (Einfüllöffnung 8) vom Hohlkörper, z. B. durch Sägen, Plasmaschneiden, Laserschneiden.
In summary, the manufacturing method according to the invention can be characterized in detail using the tool described above by the following steps:
  • Manufacture of the two blanks 2, 3 which form the base body 1, with formations 5, 6,
  • Joining the blanks 2, 3 in their edge region in the initial state by in particular laser welding,
  • Inserting the base body 1 into the opened tool,
  • Lowering tool upper part 9 and sheet metal holder 16,
  • Attaching the connection (mandrel / lance) for the cavity application with high pressure liquid to the filling opening 8,
  • Forming (high-pressure forming with simultaneous material wake from the clamped edge area 13 into the mold cavity) of the base body 1 into a hollow body,
  • Opening the upper tool part 9 and sheet metal holder 16 and removing the high-pressure liquid connection (mandrel / lance),
  • Disconnect the high-pressure liquid connection area (fill opening 8) from the hollow body, for. B. by sawing, plasma cutting, laser cutting.

Letzteres könnte aber auch bei entsprechender Gestaltung von Werkzeug und Einfüllöffnung 8 noch vor dem Öffnen der Werkzeugteile dadurch geschehen, daß die anliegende Hochdruckflüssigkeit in geeigneter Weise für den Trennvorgang herangezogen wird.The latter could, however, also happen with a corresponding design of the tool and the filling opening 8, before the tool parts are opened, in that the high pressure liquid present is used in a suitable manner for the separation process.

Da der Hohlkörper aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen wie z. B. unbeschichteter Stahl, verzinktes Blech, höherfeste Bleche oder auch Aluminium hergestellt sein kann und auch Platinen 2,3 unterschiedlicher Dicke verwendet werden können, sind die optimalen Verfahrensparameter (z. B. Blechhalterdruckregelung, Umformgeschwindigkeit usw.) unter Einbeziehung der beim Tiefziehverfahren einerseits und beim Hochdruckumformen andererseits verhandenen Erfahrungen anhand von Versuchen zu ermitteln. Denkbar wäre, bei entsprechenden Werkstoffeigenschaften die Platinen 2, 3 durch eine einzelne, gefaltete (180°) und am freien Randbereich verbundene (z. B. geschweißte) Platine zu bilden.Since the hollow body made of different materials such. B. uncoated steel, galvanized sheet, high-strength sheet or aluminum can be made and also blanks 2.3 of different thickness can be used, are the optimal process parameters (e.g. sheet metal holder pressure control, forming speed, etc.) including the one in the deep-drawing process and in the case of high-pressure forming, on the other hand, to determine existing experience on the basis of tests. It would be conceivable, with appropriate material properties, to form the blanks 2, 3 by means of a single, folded (180 °) and connected (e.g. welded) blank at the free edge area.

Auch wäre ohne weiteres denkbar, ein Werkzeug mit horizontal oder unter einem bestimmten Winkel sich zueinander bewegenden Werkzeugteilen zu verwenden.It would also be readily conceivable to use a tool with tool parts moving horizontally or at a certain angle to one another.

Die die Hohlkörperkontur letztlich bestimmende Werkzeugform kann z. B. auch dreigeteilt sein (anstatt zweigeteilt - Werkzeugoberteil 9 und Werkzeugunterteil 10 - wie im Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigt).The tool shape ultimately determining the hollow body contour can, for. B. also be divided into three parts (instead of two parts - upper tool part 9 and lower tool part 10 - as shown in the exemplary embodiment).

Claims (6)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hohlkörpers unter Verwendung eines aus randseitig miteinander verbundenen Platinen (2,3) hergestellten Grundkörpers (1), gekennzeichnet durch die kombinierte Anwendung des Innenhochdruckumformverfahrens und des Tiefziehverfahrens.Method for producing a hollow body using a base body (1) made of boards (2, 3) connected to one another at the edge, characterized by the combined use of the hydroforming process and the deep-drawing process. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Verfahrenschritte: - Herstellung der beiden den Grundkörper (1) bildenden Platinen (2,3), - Fügen der Platinen (2,3) in deren Randbereich im Ausgangszustand mittels Schweißen, - Einlegen des Grundkörpers (1) in eine geöffnete Werkzeugform, - Schließen des Werkzeuges und Ansetzen eines Anschlusses (Dorn/Lanze) für die Hohlraumbeaufschlagung mit Hochdruckflüssigkeit an eine Platinen-Einfüllöffnung (8), - Umformen des Grundkörpers (1) zu einem Hohlkörper, - Öffnen des Werkzeuges und Entfernen des Hochdruckflüssigkeits-Anschlusses (Dorn/Lanze), - Abtrennen des Hochdruckflüssigkeit-Anschlußbereiches (Einfüllöffnung 8) vom Hohlkörper. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the method steps: - Production of the two boards (2, 3) forming the base body (1), - joining the boards (2, 3) in their edge area in the initial state by means of welding, - inserting the base body (1) into an open mold, - Closing the tool and attaching a connection (mandrel / lance) for the cavity application with high pressure liquid to a circuit board filling opening (8), - Forming the base body (1) into a hollow body, - Opening the tool and removing the high-pressure liquid connection (mandrel / lance), - Disconnect the high-pressure liquid connection area (filling opening 8) from the hollow body. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Herstellung der Platinen (2,3) diese mit einen Kanal (7) bildenden Ausformungen (5,6) versehen werden.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the manufacture of the blanks (2, 3) they are provided with moldings (5, 6) forming a channel (7). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platinen (2, 3) des Grundkörpers (1) durch eine gefaltete (180°) und am freien Randbereich verbundene einzelne Platine gebildet werden.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the boards (2, 3) of the base body (1) are formed by a folded (180 °) single board connected to the free edge area. Werkzeug zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, bestehend aus beweglichen und/oder stationären Werkzeugteilen (9, 10), deren sich gegenüberliegende Begrenzungsflächen (11,12) entsprechend der gewünschten Form des späteren Hohlkörpers ausgeformt sind, weiterhin bestehend aus einer Platinenhalterung (Ziehkissen 14, Blechhalter 16), die einen die Verbindungsstelle (Schweißverbindung 4) der Platinen (2,3) beinhaltenden Randbereich (13) des Grundkörpers (1) mit einer vorgebbaren Klemmkraft hält und schließlich bestehend aus einem mit Hochdruckflüssigkeit beaufschlagbaren und an die Platinen-Einfüllöffnung (8) ansetzbaren Anschluß (Dorn/Lanze).Tool for carrying out the method according to claim 1, consisting of movable and / or stationary tool parts (9, 10), the opposing boundary surfaces (11, 12) of which are shaped in accordance with the desired shape of the later hollow body, further comprising a blank holder (die cushion 14 , Sheet metal holder 16), which holds an edge region (13) of the base body (1) containing the connection point (welded connection 4) of the boards (2, 3) with a predeterminable clamping force and finally consisting of a filler opening which can be acted upon with high pressure liquid and ( 8) attachable connection (mandrel / lance). Werkzeug nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Blechhalter (16) den Blechhalterdruck während des Umformvorganges regelnde, an sich bekannte Hydraulikeinheiten zugeordnet sind.Tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the sheet metal holder (16) is assigned hydraulic units which are known and regulate the sheet metal holder pressure during the forming process.
EP93115035A 1992-09-25 1993-09-18 Method for producing a hollow body Withdrawn EP0589370A1 (en)

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DE19924232161 DE4232161A1 (en) 1992-09-25 1992-09-25 Process for producing a hollow body

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EP0753363A1 (en) * 1994-04-26 1997-01-15 Erhardt Bischoff GmbH &amp; Co KG Method of producing hollow bodies
WO1998024569A1 (en) * 1996-12-03 1998-06-11 Elpatronic Ag Method for producing a molded part and a molded part produced according to said method
DE19832142A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-27 Daimler Chrysler Ag Manufacturing hollow articles from platens, useful for making automotive parts, by using mold tool sections to compress lance between platens and using stop in lance to clamp platens during high pressure fluid injection
DE19929057A1 (en) * 1999-06-25 2000-12-28 Daimler Chrysler Ag Skeleton vehicle support structure has interconnecting frame profiles with overlapping push-fit connectors with inside spacers forming adhesive bed for secure connection
DE10016803A1 (en) * 2000-04-05 2001-10-18 Thyssenkrupp Stahl Ag Process for manufacturing components
EP1256397A1 (en) * 2001-05-10 2002-11-13 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Metallic sheet hydroforming method, forming die, and formed part.
DE10249601B3 (en) * 2002-10-18 2004-05-06 Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus Bar-shaped bearer of band-shaped parts for e.g. shock absorbers for cars consists of parallel band parts connected at seams, fastened to flat top plate, and with outward curved center
DE10321353A1 (en) * 2003-05-13 2004-12-30 Thyssenkrupp Automotive Ag Closed longitudinal profile of flat material for automobile industry has one or more flanges locally bent up with profile having bulged area here widening out compared with remaining cross-section
CN105817510A (en) * 2015-01-04 2016-08-03 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 Bend forming method controlling distortion

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EP0753363A1 (en) * 1994-04-26 1997-01-15 Erhardt Bischoff GmbH &amp; Co KG Method of producing hollow bodies
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DE10016803A1 (en) * 2000-04-05 2001-10-18 Thyssenkrupp Stahl Ag Process for manufacturing components
DE10016803B4 (en) * 2000-04-05 2006-06-08 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Method for manufacturing components
EP1256397A1 (en) * 2001-05-10 2002-11-13 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Metallic sheet hydroforming method, forming die, and formed part.
US6722009B2 (en) 2001-05-10 2004-04-20 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Metallic sheet hydroforming method, forming die, and formed part
DE10249601B3 (en) * 2002-10-18 2004-05-06 Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus Bar-shaped bearer of band-shaped parts for e.g. shock absorbers for cars consists of parallel band parts connected at seams, fastened to flat top plate, and with outward curved center
DE10321353A1 (en) * 2003-05-13 2004-12-30 Thyssenkrupp Automotive Ag Closed longitudinal profile of flat material for automobile industry has one or more flanges locally bent up with profile having bulged area here widening out compared with remaining cross-section
CN105817510A (en) * 2015-01-04 2016-08-03 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 Bend forming method controlling distortion

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