EP0587843A1 - Machine a anneau liquide - Google Patents

Machine a anneau liquide

Info

Publication number
EP0587843A1
EP0587843A1 EP93906424A EP93906424A EP0587843A1 EP 0587843 A1 EP0587843 A1 EP 0587843A1 EP 93906424 A EP93906424 A EP 93906424A EP 93906424 A EP93906424 A EP 93906424A EP 0587843 A1 EP0587843 A1 EP 0587843A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
gas
rotor
machine
liquid ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93906424A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karol Malach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INGENIEURSCHULE BERN HTL
Original Assignee
INGENIEURSCHULE BERN HTL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INGENIEURSCHULE BERN HTL filed Critical INGENIEURSCHULE BERN HTL
Publication of EP0587843A1 publication Critical patent/EP0587843A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C7/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines with fluid ring or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
    • F01C11/002—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle
    • F01C11/004—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle and of complementary function, e.g. internal combustion engine with supercharger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/057—Regenerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C19/00—Rotary-piston pumps with fluid ring or the like, specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C19/004—Details concerning the operating liquid, e.g. nature, separation, cooling, cleaning, control of the supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
    • F04C29/005—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
    • F04C29/0064—Magnetic couplings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2270/00—Constructional features
    • F02G2270/70—Liquid pistons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid ring machine with a stationary or co-rotating housing and a rotor arranged in the housing.
  • the liquid ring machine can be used as a refrigeration machine, heat pump, power machine or as a thermally driven refrigeration machine or heat pump.
  • the rotor is designed at least in two stages and comprises at least two impellers provided with blades and in the individual stages during operation of the machine there are liquid rings formed by a barrier liquid which form variable gas spaces in the stages of the rotor, the barrier liquid seals the individual gas spaces from one another and connecting channels are present between the individual stages with regenerators arranged therein.
  • Each stage of the impeller contains several cellular gas spaces.
  • Each gas space of an impeller stage is connected to a gas space of the next impeller stage by an overflow duct housed in the impeller.
  • the overflow duct there is a heat-storing, gas-permeable mass which gives the overflow duct the function of a regenerative heat exchanger (regenerator).
  • the sealing liquid forms a rotating ring in each impeller and housing stage, which clings to the fixed or rotating housing.
  • a suitable housing shape or a suitable eccentricity creates a variable distance between the ring and the impeller, as a result of which the volume of the gas cells also changes, cf.
  • the machine according to the invention can operate according to a left-handed or right-handed thermodynamic cycle, in particular according to a Stirling or Vuilleumier process, wherein a gas or a steam can be used as the working medium.
  • the working medium In the first stage of the impeller, the working medium is compressed during a partial revolution.
  • the heat of compression is absorbed by the co-rotating barrier liquid; it can be discharged to the environment either through the housing wall or by removing a partial flow of the barrier liquid and supplying it to an external heat exchanger.
  • the working medium is conveyed through the overflow duct and the regenerator into the impeller of the second stage.
  • the regenerator the working medium is cooled by the heat-storing mass (in the left-handed process) or heated (in the right-handed process).
  • the working medium is expanded during a partial revolution of the impeller.
  • the thermal energy required for the most possible isothermal relaxation is supplied by the co-rotating barrier liquid; it can be supplied either through the housing wall or by removing a partial flow of the sealing liquid and supplying it to an external heat exchanger from the cooling room (left-handed process) or from a heat source (right-handed process).
  • the working medium is conveyed through the overflow duct and the regenerator into the impeller of the first stage. In the regenerator, the working medium is warmed mass warmed (in the left-handed process) or cooled (in the right-handed process).
  • Vuilleu ier machines that work with one or more reciprocating pistons or liquid pistons.
  • Fig. 1 is a view and a cross section along line I-I of Fig. 2 of the impeller of a refrigerator or heat pump, or an engine
  • Fig. 2 is a view and a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a refrigerator or heat pump, or an engine
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section along line IV-IV of the
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section along line V-V of FIG. 3 through the II.
  • 6b-e a functional diagram of the machine, which works as a refrigeration machine or as a heat pump,
  • FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section of the machine, which works as a thermally driven refrigeration machine or heat pump
  • the rotor 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of several disks 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and carries two bladed impellers 13 and 14.
  • Each impeller stage of the rotor carries cellular gas spaces 5 on its circumference, which pass through the one side Blades 15, on the other hand, are limited by the side walls.
  • the gas spaces 5 are only open at the circumference of each stage.
  • fins 6 made of good heat-conducting material are installed in each gas cell, which divide the gas space into several narrow spaces 5.
  • the individual gas cells of the two stages are connected to one another by flow channels 7 which, depending on the design of the machine, permit a phase shift between the gas cells between 0 and ⁇ 110 °.
  • a heat-storing, gas-permeable mass with a large heat capacity eg a wire mesh or sintered metal, etc.
  • the torque required to drive a left-handed process can be clutch 9, or by a directly coupled drive motor, not shown in the drawing, for example an electric motor or diesel engine, are supplied in a gastight design.
  • the generated torque can be taken off by the magnetic coupling 9 or the machine can drive a directly coupled generator in a gastight design.
  • FIG. 3 A longitudinal section of the refrigeration machine or heat pump or an engine is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the gas-tight, multi-part housing 2a, 2b, 2c encloses the two rotor stages of the rotor, as well as the entire machine. Due to the special shape of the housing or a suitable eccentricity of the housing, the rotating barrier liquid 18, 19 clinging to the housing wall forms a variable volume of the gas cells 5 both in the first stage 3 and in the second stage 4
  • water, refrigerating machine oil, molten salt, liquid metal for high-temperature systems, glycol or toluene can be used for extremely low temperatures.
  • the housing 2a, 2b, 2c is shaped in such a way that the maximum gas volume of the first stage and that of the second stage are out of phase.
  • the same effect can also be achieved by a round, eccentrically mounted housing which stands still or rotates.
  • the working medium can flow through the overflow channels 7 and the regenerator 8 from one stage to the other.
  • Thermal insulation 10 is attached between the first and second stage housings.
  • the housing 2a, 2b, 2c of the first and the second stage is provided with ribs 11 for better heat exchange.
  • the heat exchange can also be achieved by sheathing the housing 2a, 2b, 2c and a heat Carrier liquid take place, or by partial removal of the barrier liquid 3 and 4 and their heating or cooling in two external heat exchangers.
  • bearings 16 and 17 can also be seen from this figure. Clamping ring resp. Carriers on the one hand tighten the impeller and on the other hand take it with them. They are welded to the two-part shaft.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section along line IV-IV of FIG. 3 through the first stage 3 of the machine and FIG. 5 shows a cross section along line VV of FIG. 3 through the second stage 4.
  • the housing 2a, 2b similar in cross section
  • the two stages 3, 4 are shaped so that the eccentric liquid ring 18, 19 rotating therein changes the volume of the gas cells during the rotation of the impellers of the respective stage in accordance with the requirements of the Stirling cycle. So that the gas can flow from one stage to the other through the overflow channels 7 and the regenerator 8, the housing of the second stage is arranged out of phase with that of the first stage.
  • the rotor axis is designated by 20.
  • the liquid rings 18, 19 formed by the barrier liquid which are formed during the rotation of the machine, form variable gas spaces in the two stages 3, 4 of the impeller, the variable gas spaces compressing and relaxing the working medium as well as its displacement by the regenerators 8.
  • the barrier liquid also seals the individual gas spaces against each other. In the version with a rotating housing, this is circular in cross section, but is mounted eccentrically to the rotor.
  • FIG. 6a shows the process of a refrigeration machine or heat pump in the p
  • V diagram. 6b-e schematically show the functioning of the machine when it is as Chiller or works as a heat pump.
  • the gas is compressed in the first stage 3 along the circumferential path AB. Thanks to the effective cooling by the barrier liquid 18, 19 and fins 6, the compression can be almost isothermal (FIG. 6b).
  • Further rotation of the rotor on the partial circumference BC results in the isochoric displacement of the working medium through the overflow duct 7 and the regenerator 8 into the impeller 14 of the second stage 4 (FIG. 6c).
  • the working medium is cooled by the regenerator, as a result of which the gas pressure will decrease.
  • FIG. 7a shows the process of an engine (Stirling engine) in the p
  • V diagram. 7b-e show schematically the functioning of this machine when it works as an engine (Stirling engine).
  • the gas is compressed in the first stage 3 along the circumferential distance AB (FIG. 7b). Thanks to the effective cooling by the blocking fluid 18, 19 and fins 6, the compression can be almost isothermal.
  • the rotor follows on the partial circumference BC the isochoric displacement of the working medium through the overflow duct 7 and the regenerator 8 into the impeller of the second stage 4 (FIG. 7c). During this shift, the working medium is heated by the regenerator 8 and the pressure of the working medium will rise.
  • the rotor 21a to 21e has three impellers; the middle impeller 22 takes over the function of the first stage for both processes, therefore it has twice the width.
  • the motor process does exactly as much work as the left-handed process of the refrigeration machine or the heat pump consumes on the working medium side. From the outside, only so much work has to be added to the rotor that corresponds to the friction losses of the entire machine.
  • the torque required for this can be supplied by the magnetic coupling 32, or by a motor in a gastight design, which is directly coupled to the rotor shaft and is not shown in the drawing.
  • the figure also shows the flow channels 33, 34, the regenerators 35, 36 and the bearings 37 and 38.
  • FIG. 9a shows the process of the engine-refrigeration machine or engine-heat pump (thermally driven heat pump or refrigeration machine) in the p, V-diagram.
  • 9b-e schematically show the mode of operation of the thermally driven refrigeration machine or heat pump according to FIG. 8.
  • the working medium is compressed on the partial circumference AB in the middle impeller 22 with simultaneous heat release to the environment (FIG. 9b).
  • the gas spaces of the impellers of the second stage are filled with the barrier liquid.
  • the working medium is isochorically shifted into the second stage impellers.
  • the working medium is heated in the right regenerator or cooled in the left regenerator (Fig. 9c).
  • the machine according to the invention has several advantages over known machines which operate according to the Stirling process: due to the intensive heat transfer between the working medium and the barrier liquid 18, 19; 23 25, 27 it almost reaches isothermal compression and relaxation, also the displacement of the working medium through the regenerator 8; 35, 36 will be almost isochoric. As a result, the operation of this machine is approximated to the ideal Stirling process.
  • the liquid ring 18, 19, 23, 25, 27 reliably seals the gas cells with only minimal liquid friction and without any wear and tear.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

La machine à anneau liquide comprend deux niveaux (3, 4). Un rotor (1) muni de deux disques (1a-1d) et comprenant deux roues mobiles (13, 14) est disposé dans un boîtier composé de plusieurs parties (2a-2c). Chaque niveau comporte un anneau liquide (18, 19) rendant les compartiments gazeux étanches. Chaque compartiment gazeux d'un niveau de roue mobile (13, 14) est relié au compartiment gazeux correspondant du niveau de roue mobile suivant par un canal d'admission des gaz (7) aménagé dans la roue mobile. Dans le canal d'admission des gaz (7) se trouve un régénérateur (8) constitié d'une matière perméable aux gaz et accumulant la chaleur, qui confère au canal d'admission des gaz (7) la fonction d'un échangeur thermique régénératif. Pendant la rotation de la roue mobile (13, 14), le liquide obturant forme un anneau à chaque niveau du boîtier et de roue mobile. Cet anneau épouse la forme du boîtier fixe (2a-2c) ou rotatif. Les anneaux liquides rotatifs (18, 19) rendent simultanément les cellules gazeuses (5) étanches les unes par rapport aux autres. Les compartiments gazeux permettent de rendre le milieu de travail étanche et de le détendre, ainsi que de le déplacer à travers le régénérateur. La machine à anneau liquide peut être utilisée comme machine frigorifique, comme pompe à chaleur, comme moteur ou bien comme machine frigorifique ou pompe à chaleur à commande thermique.
EP93906424A 1992-04-06 1993-04-06 Machine a anneau liquide Withdrawn EP0587843A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH111592 1992-04-06
CH1115/92 1992-04-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0587843A1 true EP0587843A1 (fr) 1994-03-23

Family

ID=4202841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93906424A Withdrawn EP0587843A1 (fr) 1992-04-06 1993-04-06 Machine a anneau liquide

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0587843A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993020333A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AUPR726801A0 (en) * 2001-08-27 2001-09-20 Cameron, Michael John Vernon Engine
DE102018212088B3 (de) 2018-07-19 2019-10-02 Thilo Ittner Thermoelektrischer oder thermomechanischer Wandler und computergesteuerte oder elektronisch gesteuerte Verfahren
RU186793U1 (ru) * 2018-10-17 2019-02-04 Сергей Александрович Зеленин Водокольцевой роторный вакуумный двигатель внешнего сгорания

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE56529C (de) * B. BLANK in Stoberau bei Brieg, Schlesien Kraftmaschine mit durch einen Flüssigkeitsring begrenztem Arbeitsraum des Kolbens
US3240017A (en) * 1964-08-05 1966-03-15 Mathew G Boissevain Liquid piston internal combustion engine
US3275222A (en) * 1965-01-11 1966-09-27 Andre J Meyer Rotary liquid piston machines
US3972370A (en) * 1972-10-19 1976-08-03 Claude Malaval Hot source having slight bulk
DE2605423A1 (de) * 1976-02-12 1977-08-25 Ewald Josef Ing Grad Doerr Kaltgasmaschine (waermepumpe)
DE3540447A1 (de) * 1985-11-14 1987-05-21 Siemens Ag Schaufelrad fuer eine fluessigkeitsstroemungsmaschine
DD265570A1 (de) * 1987-11-02 1989-03-08 Hochvakuum Dresden Veb Matrixmaterial fuer regeneratoren und verfahren zur herstellung eines feinmaschigen bleimantelsiebes
DE4024398A1 (de) * 1990-08-01 1992-02-06 Josef Gail Stirlingmotor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9320333A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993020333A1 (fr) 1993-10-14

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