EP0586531A1 - Crushing unit for use in a clinker-cooling plant. - Google Patents

Crushing unit for use in a clinker-cooling plant.

Info

Publication number
EP0586531A1
EP0586531A1 EP92912375A EP92912375A EP0586531A1 EP 0586531 A1 EP0586531 A1 EP 0586531A1 EP 92912375 A EP92912375 A EP 92912375A EP 92912375 A EP92912375 A EP 92912375A EP 0586531 A1 EP0586531 A1 EP 0586531A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crusher
arrangement according
crushing
jaw
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92912375A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0586531B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Peter Wellmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Claudius Peters AG
Original Assignee
Claudius Peters AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Claudius Peters AG filed Critical Claudius Peters AG
Publication of EP0586531A1 publication Critical patent/EP0586531A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0586531B1 publication Critical patent/EP0586531B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B02C1/10—Shape or construction of jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/24—Passing gas through crushing or disintegrating zone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crusher arrangement for comminuting high-temperature fired material, in particular cement clinker, between a kiln and a cooler.
  • Jaw crushers which are known per se (EP-A-0 148 780, WO-A-85 03 887, SU-782 860), have not been used for hot goods, because they do not have such favorable conditions for hot operation . Rather, the surfaces of the crushing elements are in constant contact with the hot firing material, even when there is no pulse exchange. Since the crushing chamber is filled with crushed material, they are hardly accessible for cooling air to flow through.
  • a jaw crusher in the specified arrangement can have advantages over other types of crusher for the following reasons, while in those the crusher elements combine the thermal stress, in particular also the alternating temperature stress, at temperatures of 1000-1500 ° C. exposed to high specific impact stress with rubbing relative movement, there is practically no temperature change stress in the jaw crusher because both the heat transfer from the material and the cooling effect are virtually unchangeable over time, so that protective elements for the stress surfaces of the crushing jaws made of heat-resistant metal alloys or ceramic materials can be used.
  • jaw crushers can be cooled better in that their entire rear surface, that is to say an area which is as large as that involved in the crushing process Area available for the introduction of cooling capacity.
  • the increased thermal stress on the surfaces of the crushing jaws due to intensive contact with the material to be crushed can thus be effectively countered by installing cooling devices in the crushing jaws.
  • the specific impact stress which is determined in the case of rapidly rotating crusher types by the relative speed of the crushing elements and the mass of the items to be crushed, is low in the given application for jaw crushers, because the item has no significant hardness at the high temperature.
  • a jaw crusher is insensitive to the very irregular discharge of material from a rotary kiln over time. Its crushing chamber, which widens upwards in the shape of a funnel, can easily be made so large with regard to the crushing chamber size and jaw geometry that it can accommodate the greatest fluctuations in the grain size and the discharge quantity with which one has to reckon, even in normal furnace operation, without a Temporary storage (for example, feed hopper) that would tend to form bridges and cake under the difficult conditions is required.
  • the comminuted bulk material is discharged via the outlet gap located in the lower part of the crushing chamber, the width of which can be adjusted to a predetermined final grain size of the bulk material.
  • the portion of the product grain spectrum entering the crusher with a smaller grain diameter than the outlet gap width runs through the crushing space without being included in the comminution process, so that no additional fine grain is produced.
  • jaw crushers have a number of properties which are unexpectedly good for this application and which justify the inventive step of this selection. Because these apply even if the crusher is not cooled, the applicant reserves the right to claim protection even for uncooled crusher.
  • the crushing jaws are usually provided with cooling devices. These can be channels subjected to cooling air, which pass through the crushing jaws and open into the crushing chamber in order not only to cool the crushing jaws but in particular also the material to be crushed. This is expedient if the broken material tends to sinter or bake together.
  • the mouths of the cooling channels are not clogged by the material to be crushed, they expediently run descending under shingled protective elements, their mouths being protected under or behind the downward-facing end edge of the respective protective element from the material pressure which is essentially perpendicular to the jaw. If it is not necessary to cool the crushed material itself, internal cooling of the crushing jaws is sufficient, for example by means of coolant channels running parallel to the stress surface in the crushing jaws.
  • Adjustments that are installed in the cooling air supply and / or distribution channels can be used to adjust the local intensity of the jaw cooling and the air discharge into the crushing chamber.
  • the crusher is usually arranged in the channel between the furnace and cooler, which leads the material downwards and the hot air preheated by cooling upwards to the furnace as secondary air. Because of this double function, the crusher must not fill the entire channel cross-section. It is expediently arranged so that its movable crushing jaw is arranged on an outer side of the duct, while the fixed crushing jaw faces that duct cross-section which guides the hot air. This has the advantage that the drive elements for the movable crushing jaw can be located outside the hot area and are accessible for maintenance.
  • the devices for adjusting the outlet gap are usually provided on the crushing jaw which is stationary during operation. According to the invention, however, it can be provided that these are also assigned to the movable crushing jaw, in order to also be able to take advantage of the cooler arrangement for the adjusting devices.
  • the crusher gap should be adjustable so that it allows the flow of the unreduced Guts allowed. Furthermore, it can be provided that at least the movable jaw of the crusher, but preferably the entire crusher, can be moved out of the clinker discharge channel in order to open the channel cross section or to be able to carry out maintenance work on the crusher.
  • a shear bar is arranged at the lower end of a crushing jaw under the crusher outlet gap, which covers the discharge gap at a predetermined distance during the working stroke.
  • the crusher to be used within the scope of the arrangement according to the invention can be designed differently from conventional jaw crusher shapes, if nevertheless the typical function for this occurs.
  • the movable jaw can be formed by a rotatably mounted roller.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the arrangement
  • FIG. 2-5 partial sections through a crushing jaw
  • Fig. 6 shows a partial section through the lower end of the crusher.
  • the discharge end of the rotary kiln 1 and the inlet of the cooler 4 are arranged one above the other and connected to one another by a duct which, on the one hand, through a partition 11 into the clinker discharge duct 5, through which the clinker falls from the furnace to the cooler, and on the other hand into a separate hot air duct ⁇ nal 15, through which the cooling air heated in the cooler by heat recovery of the clinker is led as secondary air (arrow 3) upwards to the furnace.
  • the crusher designated overall by reference number 6, which is a jaw crusher with a fixed crushing jaw 7, a movable crushing jaw 8 and an adjustable outlet gap 17.
  • Two walls delimit the crushing chamber 9 laterally.
  • the crushing space angle alpha between the crushing jaws widens in the upper area 10, the crushing jaw, strongly to accommodate large bulk goods and high amounts of material. Due to the specific properties of the hot material to be crushed, the angle of crushing space alpha in the inlet area can deviate from the usual version ⁇ .30 °.
  • the crushing chamber angle is reduced to a normal one Order of magnitude of approx. 15 °.
  • the crushing jaws can also be curved.
  • the crusher drive expediently combines — as is known — relative movements of the crushing jaws transversely to the direction of the crushing space and parallel to it in order to be able to exert both pressure and shear action on the material to be shredded.
  • the fixed crushing jaw 7 is supported in the partition 11 or part of the partition can also be designed as a fixed crushing jaw.
  • the movable crushing jaw 8 is movably suspended from brackets, which are shown schematically at 12 and are connected to drive and adjusting devices or contain such devices. At least the movable crushing jaw 8 with the associated parts, but preferably also the fixed crushing jaw 7, can be moved out through an opening provided in the wall 13 of the clinker discharge channel 5 in order to release the clinker discharge channel cross section or for maintenance and replacement.
  • Both crushing jaws and in particular also the partition 11 contain continuous channels 16 for guiding cooling air which, after cooling of the crushing jaws and partition, is discharged into the crushing chamber 9 via blow-out channels 21 (arrows 14) in order to cool the material to be crushed there and to sinter and cake together prevent.
  • the cooling air which is supplied evenly or pulsatingly, can be mixed with additional fresh air before entering the crushing chamber.
  • the local intensity of the crushing jaw cooling and the air injection into the crushing chamber is set via adjusting devices which are installed in the cooling air supply and / or distribution channels.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically how such cooling air blow-out ducts 21 can be designed in order to intensively cool the stress areas of the crushing jaws on the one hand and on the other hand not to be exposed to the risk of clogging by the crushed material.
  • a crushing jaw 18 can be seen therein, which is covered on the side of the crushing space with protective elements 19 which have a scale arrangement. To be more precise, they do not run parallel, but diagonally downwards into the crushing chamber, so that their lower end faces 20 run transversely to the crushing chamber and are therefore not or less exposed to the crushing pressure. They form a transverse profile of the jaw surface that is favorable for the crushing process.
  • Blow-out channels 21, which pass through the crushing jaw 18, continue in grooves or gaps 22, which are formed by distance inserts, which are arranged between the surface of the crushing jaw 18 carrying the protective elements and the protective elements 19.
  • the grooves 22 can be worked into the surface of the crushing jaw 18 with a falling course or in the corresponding surface of the protective elements
  • blow-out channels 21 open into the end face 20 or behind it.
  • the cooling air is guided through the hollow interior of the protective elements 19 and blows through openings in the end face
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows the lower part of the crushing chamber 9 with the crusher outlet gap 17 and in particular the shear bar 23 which is non-positively connected to one of the two crushing jaws, for example the movable crushing jaw 8.
  • the movable crushing jaw 8 Taking vertical movement components of the movable crushing jaw 8 into account, it protrudes below the crusher outlet gap 17 by at least the distance 24, which corresponds to the maximum outlet gap width that can be set in the operating state, and preferably completely covers it projected cross section of the exit gap during the closing stroke of the movable crushing jaw.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP92/01265 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 3, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 3, 1993 PCT Filed Jun. 5, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO92/21441 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 10, 1992.A jaw crusher is positioned within a duct connecting a high temperature furnace outlet and a cooler for crushing high temperature cement clinker material discharged by the furnace. The jaws are provided with cooling air-swept ducts that extend through the jaws and into the crushing chamber. The working surfaces of the jaws are provided with imbricated protective elements. A stationary jaw member within the duct provides a partition forming an air flow duct portion and a movable jaw member cooperates with the stationary jaw member to delineate a discharge crushing chamber separated from the air flow duct portion. The movable jaw is positioned at the wall of the duct for easy access while the drive mechanism for the movable jaw is located outside the duct.

Description

Brecheranordnung bei einem Klinkerkühler Crusher arrangement in a clinker cooler
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brecheranordnung zum Zerkleinern hochtemperierten Brennguts, insbesondere Zementklinker, zwischen einem Brennofen und einem Kühler.The invention relates to a crusher arrangement for comminuting high-temperature fired material, in particular cement clinker, between a kiln and a cooler.
Je geringer und gleichmäßiger die Korngröße des Brennguts ist, um so rascher und gleichmäßiger läßt es sich kühlen. Dies wirkt sich günstig auf die Kühlergröße und die Produktqualität aus. Man hat daher schon erwogen, einen Brecher zur Zerkleine¬ rung des Brennguts unmittelbar im Anschluß des Brennofens dem Kühler vorzuschalten (DE-A 29 25 665). Für die Standzeit des Brechers ist in erster Linie seine effektive Temperaturbe¬ lastung maßgebend. Diese bestimmt sich einerseits durch die Intensität der Wärmeübertragung vom Gut auf die verschleißge¬ fährdeten Brecherelemente und zum anderen durch deren Kühlung. Diese Belastung ist um so geringer, je kurzzeitiger die Berührung der Brecherelemente mit dem heißen Gut ist und je freier der Brecher von Kühlluft durchströmt werden kann. Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten hat man Schlagprallbrecher (FRA-2 194 133, DE-C 33 23 565, DE-A 29 25 665), eine Autogen¬ mühle (DE-A 29 25 665), Luftstrommühlen (DE-B 23 61 060), Fallprallbrecher (DE-A 35 26 345) und Walzenbrecher (DE-B 27 47 732) erwogen. Soweit diese Brecher über aktive Brechelemen¬ te verfügen, zeichnen sich diese dadurch aus, daß sie rotieren und nur während eines geringen Anteils ihres Umlaufs mit dem Brenngut in Berührung stehen und in ihrem übrigen Umlaufbe¬ reich intensiv von Kühlluft beaufschlagt werden können.The smaller and more uniform the grain size of the firing material, the faster and more uniformly it can be cooled. This has a favorable effect on the cooler size and the product quality. It has therefore already been considered to connect a crusher for comminuting the firing material directly to the cooler immediately after the firing furnace (DE-A 29 25 665). For the lifespan of the crusher, its effective temperature load is primarily decisive. This is determined on the one hand by the intensity of the heat transfer from the material to the breaker elements which are at risk of wear and on the other hand by their cooling. This load is lower, the shorter the contact of the crusher elements with the hot material and the shorter cooling air can flow freely through the crusher. From these points of view there are impact impact crusher (FRA-2 194 133, DE-C 33 23 565, DE-A 29 25 665), an oxy-fuel mill (DE-A 29 25 665), air-flow mills (DE-B 23 61 060) , Impact impact crusher (DE-A 35 26 345) and roll crusher (DE-B 27 47 732) were considered. Insofar as these crushers have active crushing elements, they are distinguished by the fact that they rotate and are only in contact with the firing material during a small portion of their circulation and can be subjected to intensive cooling air in their remaining circulation area.
Backenbrecher, die an sich bekannt sind (EP-A-0 148 780, WO-A-85 03 887, SU-782 860), werden bislang nicht für heißes Gut verwendet, weil sie keine solchen günstigen Voraussetzun¬ gen für den Heißbetrieb mitbringen. Vielmehr stehen die Oberflächen der Brechelemente ständig mit dem heißen Brenngut in Kontakt, und zwar sogar dann, wenn kein Impulsaustausch stattfindet. Da der Brechraum mit Brechgut gefüllt ist, sind sie der Durchströmung mit Kühlluft kaum zugänglich.Jaw crushers, which are known per se (EP-A-0 148 780, WO-A-85 03 887, SU-782 860), have not been used for hot goods, because they do not have such favorable conditions for hot operation . Rather, the surfaces of the crushing elements are in constant contact with the hot firing material, even when there is no pulse exchange. Since the crushing chamber is filled with crushed material, they are hardly accessible for cooling air to flow through.
Es läuft daher bisherigen Anschauungen zuwider, daß die Erfindung zur Verringerung des Erstellungs- und Betriebsauf¬ wands des unter Heißbedingungen arbeitenden Brechers einen Backenbrecher mit Kühleinrichtungen vorschlägt.It is therefore contrary to previous views that the invention proposes a jaw crusher with cooling devices in order to reduce the production and operating costs of the crusher operating under hot conditions.
Die Erfindung hat aber erkannt, daß ein Backenbrecher in der angegebenen Anordnung aus folgenden Gründen Vorteile gegenüber anderen Brecherbauarten aufweisen kann, während bei jenen die Brechelemente bei Temperaturen von 1000 - 1500°C der Kombina¬ tion von thermischer Beanspruchung, insbesondere auch Tempera¬ turwechselbeanspruchung, mit hoher spezifischer Schlagbean¬ spruchung unter reibender Relativbewegung ausgesetzt sind, tritt beim Backenbrecher praktisch keine Temperaturwechsel¬ beanspruchung auf, weil sowohl die Wärmeübertragung vom Gut her als auch die Kühlwirkung über die Zeit nahezu unveränder¬ lich sind, so daß für die Beanspruchungsoberflächen der Brechbacken Schutzelemente aus warmfesten Metallegierungen oder Keramikwerkstoffen einsetzbar sind. Während die Zerklei¬ nerungswerkzeuge von rotierenden Brechern einer Kühlung von der dem Brechgut abgewandten Seite her praktisch nicht zugäng¬ lich sind, können Backenbrecher dadurch besser gekühlt werden, daß ihre gesamte Rückfläche, also eine Fläche, die genauso groß ist, wie die am Zerkleinerungsvorgang beteiligte Fläche, zur Einbringung von Kühlleistung zur Verfügung steht. Der erhöhten thermischen Beanspruchung der Brechbackenoberflächen durch intensiven Kontakt mit dem Brechgut kann damit durch Installation von Kühleinrichtungen in den Brechbacken wirksam begegnet werden. Die spezifische Schlagbeanspruchung, die bei rasch rotierenden Brecherbauarten durch die Relativgeschwin¬ digkeit der Brechelemente und die Masse der zu zerkleinernden Gutstücke bestimmt ist, ist in dem gegebenen Einsatzfall für Backenbrecher gering, weil das Gut bei der hohen Temperatur keine wesentliche Härte hat.However, the invention has recognized that a jaw crusher in the specified arrangement can have advantages over other types of crusher for the following reasons, while in those the crusher elements combine the thermal stress, in particular also the alternating temperature stress, at temperatures of 1000-1500 ° C. exposed to high specific impact stress with rubbing relative movement, there is practically no temperature change stress in the jaw crusher because both the heat transfer from the material and the cooling effect are virtually unchangeable over time, so that protective elements for the stress surfaces of the crushing jaws made of heat-resistant metal alloys or ceramic materials can be used. While the crushing tools of rotating crushers are practically inaccessible to cooling from the side facing away from the crushed material, jaw crushers can be cooled better in that their entire rear surface, that is to say an area which is as large as that involved in the crushing process Area available for the introduction of cooling capacity. The increased thermal stress on the surfaces of the crushing jaws due to intensive contact with the material to be crushed can thus be effectively countered by installing cooling devices in the crushing jaws. The specific impact stress, which is determined in the case of rapidly rotating crusher types by the relative speed of the crushing elements and the mass of the items to be crushed, is low in the given application for jaw crushers, because the item has no significant hardness at the high temperature.
Ferner wurde erkannt, daß ein Backenbrecher unempfindlich ist gegenüber dem über die Zeit sehr unregelmäßigen Gutabwurf eines Drehrohrofens. Sein sich trichterförmig nach oben hin erweiternder Brechraum kann bezüglich der Brechraumgröße und Brechmaulgeometrie leicht so groß ausgeführt werden, daß er auch bei üblichem Ofenbetrieb größten Schwankungen des Korn¬ bandes und der Abwurfmenge, mit denen man rechnen muß, aufneh¬ men kann, ohne daß ein Zwischenspeicher (bspw. Aufgabetrich- ter), der unter den schwierigen Bedingungen zur Brückenbildung und Verbackungen neigen würde, benötigt wird. Das zerkleinerte Schüttgut wird über den im Unterteil des Brechraumes befindli¬ chen Austrittsspalt, dessen Weite auf eine vorbestimmte Endkorngröße des Schüttguts einstellbar ist, ausgetragen.It was also recognized that a jaw crusher is insensitive to the very irregular discharge of material from a rotary kiln over time. Its crushing chamber, which widens upwards in the shape of a funnel, can easily be made so large with regard to the crushing chamber size and jaw geometry that it can accommodate the greatest fluctuations in the grain size and the discharge quantity with which one has to reckon, even in normal furnace operation, without a Temporary storage (for example, feed hopper) that would tend to form bridges and cake under the difficult conditions is required. The comminuted bulk material is discharged via the outlet gap located in the lower part of the crushing chamber, the width of which can be adjusted to a predetermined final grain size of the bulk material.
Der Anteil des in den Brecher eintretenden Produktkornspek¬ trums mit kleinerem Korndurchmesser als die Austrittsspaltwei¬ te durchrieselt den Brechraum, ohne in den Zerkleinerungspro¬ zeß einbezogen zu werden, so daß kein zusätzliches Feinstkorn erzeugt wird. Durch eine vorzugsweise profilierte Ausbildung der Beanspruchungsflächen der Brechbacken sowie durch das im Brechraum während des Zerkleinerungsvorganges kurzzeitig stauende Grobgut wird das Gutspektrum über den Austrittεquer- schnitt gleichmäßig verteilt.The portion of the product grain spectrum entering the crusher with a smaller grain diameter than the outlet gap width runs through the crushing space without being included in the comminution process, so that no additional fine grain is produced. By a preferably profiled design of the stress surfaces of the crushing jaws and by the During the crushing process, coarse material jammed briefly during the shredding process, the good spectrum is evenly distributed over the outlet cross section.
Es zeigt sich somit, daß Backenbrecher eine Anzahl für diesen Anwendungsfall unerwartet guter Eigenschaften mitbringen, die die Erfindungshöhe dieser Auswahl begründen. Weil diese auch dann gelten, wenn der Brecher nicht gekühlt ist, behält sich die Anmelderin die Geltendmachung des Schutzes auch für ungekühlte Brecher vor. Jedoch sind in der Regel die Brechbak- ken mit Kühleinrichtungen versehen. Es kann sich dabei um kühlluftbeaufschlagte Kanäle handeln, die durch die Brechbak- ken hindurchgehen und im Brechraum münden, um nicht nur die Brechbacken sondern insbesondere auch das Brechgut zu kühlen. Dies ist dann zweckmäßig, wenn das gebrochene Gut zum Zusam¬ mensintern oder Zusammenbakken neigt. Damit die Mündungen der Kühlkanäle nicht vom Brechgut verstopft werden, verlaufen sie zweckmäßigerweise fallend unter geschuppt angeordneten Schutz¬ elementen, wobei ihre Mündung geschützt unter oder hinter der nach unten weisenden Stirnkante des jeweiligen Schutzelements vor dem im wesentlichen lotrecht zur Brechbacke verlaufenden Materialdruck angeordnet ist. Wenn es nicht notwendig ist, das Brechgut selbst zu kühlen, genügt eine interne Kühlung der Brechbacken, bspw. durch parallel zur Beanspruchungsoberfläche in den Breckbacken verlaufende Kühlmittelkanäle.It can thus be seen that jaw crushers have a number of properties which are unexpectedly good for this application and which justify the inventive step of this selection. Because these apply even if the crusher is not cooled, the applicant reserves the right to claim protection even for uncooled crusher. However, the crushing jaws are usually provided with cooling devices. These can be channels subjected to cooling air, which pass through the crushing jaws and open into the crushing chamber in order not only to cool the crushing jaws but in particular also the material to be crushed. This is expedient if the broken material tends to sinter or bake together. So that the mouths of the cooling channels are not clogged by the material to be crushed, they expediently run descending under shingled protective elements, their mouths being protected under or behind the downward-facing end edge of the respective protective element from the material pressure which is essentially perpendicular to the jaw. If it is not necessary to cool the crushed material itself, internal cooling of the crushing jaws is sufficient, for example by means of coolant channels running parallel to the stress surface in the crushing jaws.
Durch VerStelleinrichtungen, die in den Kühlluftzuführungs- und/oder -Verteilungskanälen installiert sind, kann die örtliche Intensität der Brechbackenkühlung und der Luftaus- blasung in den Brechraum eingestellt werden.Adjustments that are installed in the cooling air supply and / or distribution channels can be used to adjust the local intensity of the jaw cooling and the air discharge into the crushing chamber.
Der Brecher wird in der Regel in dem zwischen Ofen und Kühler befindlichen Kanal angeordnet, der das Gut nach unten und die durch Kühlung vorgewärmte Heißluft als Sekundärluft nach oben zum Ofen führt. Wegen dieser Doppelfunktion darf der Brecher nicht den gesamten Kanalquerschnitt ausfüllen. Zweckmäßiger¬ weise wird er so angeordnet, daß seine bewegliche Brechbacke an einer Außenseite des Kanals angeordnet ist, während die feststehende Brechbacke demjenigen Kanalquerschnitt zuwendet, der die Heißluft führt. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die An¬ triebsorgane für die bewegliche Brechbacke außerhalb des Heißbereichs gelegen sein können und für die Wartung zugäng¬ lich sind. Die Einrichtungen zur Verstellung des Austritts¬ spalts sind üblicherweise an der während des Betriebs festste¬ henden Brechbacke vorgesehen. Nach der Erfindung kann jedoch vorgesehen sein, auch diese der beweglichen Brechbacke zuge¬ ordnet werden, um auch für die VerStelleinrichtungen den Vorteil der kühleren Anordnung wahrnehmen zu können.The crusher is usually arranged in the channel between the furnace and cooler, which leads the material downwards and the hot air preheated by cooling upwards to the furnace as secondary air. Because of this double function, the crusher must not fill the entire channel cross-section. It is expediently arranged so that its movable crushing jaw is arranged on an outer side of the duct, while the fixed crushing jaw faces that duct cross-section which guides the hot air. This has the advantage that the drive elements for the movable crushing jaw can be located outside the hot area and are accessible for maintenance. The devices for adjusting the outlet gap are usually provided on the crushing jaw which is stationary during operation. According to the invention, however, it can be provided that these are also assigned to the movable crushing jaw, in order to also be able to take advantage of the cooler arrangement for the adjusting devices.
Damit der Ofen- und Kühlerbetrieb bei Brecherausfall nicht gefährdet ist, und damit man in bestimmten BetriebsSituationen (z.B. beim Leerfahren des Ofens im kalten Zustand) den Brecher nicht betreiben muß, sollte der Brecherspalt so groß ein¬ stellbar sein, daß er den Durchfluß des unzerkleinerten Guts gestattet. Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, daß mindestens die bewegliche Backe des Brechers, vorzugsweise aber der ganze Brecher, aus dem Klinkeraustragskanal herausfahrbar ist, um den Kanalquerschnitt zu öffnen bzw. Wartungsarbeiten am Brecher ausführen zu können.So that the furnace and cooler operation is not endangered in the event of a crusher failure, and so that the crusher does not have to be operated in certain operating situations (e.g. when the furnace is emptied when it is cold), the crusher gap should be adjustable so that it allows the flow of the unreduced Guts allowed. Furthermore, it can be provided that at least the movable jaw of the crusher, but preferably the entire crusher, can be moved out of the clinker discharge channel in order to open the channel cross section or to be able to carry out maintenance work on the crusher.
Schließlich kann vorgesehen sein, daß am unteren Ende einer Brechbacke unter dem Brecheraustrittsspalt eine Scherleiste angeordnet ist, die beim Arbeitshub den Austragsspalt in vorbestimmtem Abstand überdeckt.Finally, it can be provided that a shear bar is arranged at the lower end of a crushing jaw under the crusher outlet gap, which covers the discharge gap at a predetermined distance during the working stroke.
Der im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung zu verwendende Brecher kann abweichend von herkömmlichen Backenbrecherformen gestaltet sein, wenn trotzdem die für diesen typische Funktion zustandekommt. Bspw. kann die bewegliche Backe von einer drehbar gelagerten Walze gebildet sein.The crusher to be used within the scope of the arrangement according to the invention can be designed differently from conventional jaw crusher shapes, if nevertheless the typical function for this occurs. E.g. the movable jaw can be formed by a rotatably mounted roller.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden näher unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung erläutert. Darin zeigen in schematischer Darstel¬ lung: Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch die AnordnungThe invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The following are shown in a schematic representation: Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the arrangement
Fig. 2 - 5 Teilschnitte durch eine Brechbacke undFig. 2-5 partial sections through a crushing jaw and
Fig. 6 einen Teilschnitt durch das untere Ende des Brechers.Fig. 6 shows a partial section through the lower end of the crusher.
Gezeigt ist das Abwurfende eines Drehrohrofens 1, der bspw. zum Brennen von Zementklinker dient und mit einem Brenner 2 betrieben wird, dem die Sekundärluft (Pfeil 3) aus einem Kühler 4 zugeführt wird, der in herkömmlicher Weise ausgeführt sein kann, bspw. als Wirbelbettkühler für Brenngut mit be¬ grenzter Korngröße oder einem Rostkühler mit einer durchfall¬ freien Beplattung. Er ist vorzugsweise für eine hohe Kühllei¬ stung mit großer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit ausgelegt.Shown is the discharge end of a rotary kiln 1, which is used, for example, to burn cement clinker and is operated with a burner 2, to which the secondary air (arrow 3) is fed from a cooler 4, which can be designed in a conventional manner, for example as a fluidized bed cooler for fired goods with a limited grain size or a grate cooler with diarrhea-free plating. It is preferably designed for a high cooling capacity with a high cooling rate.
Das Abwurfende des Drehrohrofens 1 und der Einlauf des Kühlers 4 sind übereinander angeordnet und durch einen Kanal miteinan¬ der verbunden, der durch eine Trennwand 11 einerseits in den Klinkeraustragskanal 5, durch den der Klinker vom Ofen zum Kühler fällt, und andererseits in einen separaten Heißluftka¬ nal 15, durch den die im Kühler durch Wärmerekuperation des Klinkers erhitzte Kühlluft als Sekundärluft (Pfeil 3) nach oben zum Ofen geführt wird, geteilt ist.The discharge end of the rotary kiln 1 and the inlet of the cooler 4 are arranged one above the other and connected to one another by a duct which, on the one hand, through a partition 11 into the clinker discharge duct 5, through which the clinker falls from the furnace to the cooler, and on the other hand into a separate hot air duct ¬ nal 15, through which the cooling air heated in the cooler by heat recovery of the clinker is led as secondary air (arrow 3) upwards to the furnace.
Unmittelbar unterhalb des Abwurfendes des Drehrohrofens 1 ist innerhalb des Klinkeraustragskanals 5, der insgesamt mit der Bezugsziffer 6 bezeichnete Brecher angeordnet, bei dem es sich um einen Backenbrecher mit einer feststehenden Brechbacke 7, einer beweglichen Brechbacke 8 und einen verstellbaren Aus¬ trittsspalt 17 handelt. Zwei Wände begrenzen den Brechraum 9 seitlich. Der Brechraumwinkel Alpha zwischen den Brechbacken erweitert sich im oberen Bereich 10, dem Brechmaul, stark zur Aufnahme auch für große Schüttgutteile und hohen Gutanfall. Wegen der spezifischen Eigenschaften des heißen Brechgutes kann der Brechraumwinkel Alpha im Eintrittsbereich abweichend von der üblichen Ausführung ^.30° betragen. Im unteren Bereich des Brechraumes mit dem verstellbaren Austrittsspalt 17 verringert sich der Brechraumwinkel auf eine übliche Größenordnung von ca. 15°. Die Brechbacken können auch gewölbt ausgeführt sein.Immediately below the discharge end of the rotary kiln 1 is arranged within the clinker discharge channel 5, the crusher designated overall by reference number 6, which is a jaw crusher with a fixed crushing jaw 7, a movable crushing jaw 8 and an adjustable outlet gap 17. Two walls delimit the crushing chamber 9 laterally. The crushing space angle alpha between the crushing jaws widens in the upper area 10, the crushing jaw, strongly to accommodate large bulk goods and high amounts of material. Due to the specific properties of the hot material to be crushed, the angle of crushing space alpha in the inlet area can deviate from the usual version ^ .30 °. In the lower area of the crushing chamber with the adjustable outlet gap 17, the crushing chamber angle is reduced to a normal one Order of magnitude of approx. 15 °. The crushing jaws can also be curved.
Der Brecherantrieb kombiniert zweckmäßigerweise - wie bekannt - Relativbewegungen der Brechbacken quer zur Richtung des Brechraums wie parallel dazu, um sowohl Druck- als auch Scherwirkung auf das zu zerkleinernde Gut ausüben zu können.The crusher drive expediently combines — as is known — relative movements of the crushing jaws transversely to the direction of the crushing space and parallel to it in order to be able to exert both pressure and shear action on the material to be shredded.
Die feststehende Brechbacke 7 wird in der Trennwand 11 abge¬ stützt bzw. ein Teil der Trennwand kann auch als feststehende Brechbacke ausgebildet werden. Die bewegliche Brechbacke 8 ist an Halterungen beweglich aufgehängt, die bei 12 schematisch dargestellt sind und mit Antriebs- und Versteileinrichtungen verbunden sind oder solche Einrichtungen enthalten. Zumindest die bewegliche Brechbacke 8 mit den zugehörigen Teilen, vorzugsweise aber auch die feststehende Brechbacke 7, kann zwecks Freigabe des Klinkeraustragskanalquerschnitts bzw. zwecks Wartung und Austausch durch eine in der Wand 13 des Klinkeraustragskanals 5 vorgesehene Öffnung herausgefahren werden.The fixed crushing jaw 7 is supported in the partition 11 or part of the partition can also be designed as a fixed crushing jaw. The movable crushing jaw 8 is movably suspended from brackets, which are shown schematically at 12 and are connected to drive and adjusting devices or contain such devices. At least the movable crushing jaw 8 with the associated parts, but preferably also the fixed crushing jaw 7, can be moved out through an opening provided in the wall 13 of the clinker discharge channel 5 in order to release the clinker discharge channel cross section or for maintenance and replacement.
Beide Brechbacken sowie insbesondere auch die Trennwand 11 enthalten durchgehende Kanäle 16 zur Führung von Kühlluft, die nach Kühlung der Brechbacken und Trennwand über Ausblaskanäle 21 in den Brechraum 9 abgeleitet wird (Pfeile 14), um dort das Brechgut zu kühlen und dessen Zusammensintern und Anbacken zu verhindern. Der Kühlluft, die gleichmäßig oder pulsierend zugeführt wird, kann vor Eintritt in den Brechraum zusätzliche Frischluft zugemischt werden. Die örtliche Intensität der Brechbackenkühlung und der Lufteinblasung in den Brechraum wird über Versteileinrichtungen, die in den Kühlluftzuführ- ungs- und/oder -Verteilungskanälen installiert sind, einge¬ stellt.Both crushing jaws and in particular also the partition 11 contain continuous channels 16 for guiding cooling air which, after cooling of the crushing jaws and partition, is discharged into the crushing chamber 9 via blow-out channels 21 (arrows 14) in order to cool the material to be crushed there and to sinter and cake together prevent. The cooling air, which is supplied evenly or pulsatingly, can be mixed with additional fresh air before entering the crushing chamber. The local intensity of the crushing jaw cooling and the air injection into the crushing chamber is set via adjusting devices which are installed in the cooling air supply and / or distribution channels.
Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch, wie derartige Kühlluft-Ausblaskanäle 21 ausgeführt sein können, um einerseits die Beanspruchungsf- lächen der Brechbacken intensiv zu kühlen und andererseits nicht der Gefahr von Verstopfung durch das Brechgut ausgesetzt zu sein. Man erkennt darin eine Brechbacke 18, die auf der Seite des Brechraumes mit Schutzelementen 19 belegt ist, die eine Schuppenanordnung aufweisen. Genauer ausgedrückt verlau¬ fen sie nicht parallel, sondern schräg nach unten einwärts in den Brechraum, so daß ihre unteren Stirnflächen 20 quer zum Brechraum verlaufen und daher dem Brechdruck nicht oder weniger ausgesetzt sind. Sie bilden eine für den Brechvorgang günstige Querprofilierung der Brechbackenoberfläche.2 shows schematically how such cooling air blow-out ducts 21 can be designed in order to intensively cool the stress areas of the crushing jaws on the one hand and on the other hand not to be exposed to the risk of clogging by the crushed material. A crushing jaw 18 can be seen therein, which is covered on the side of the crushing space with protective elements 19 which have a scale arrangement. To be more precise, they do not run parallel, but diagonally downwards into the crushing chamber, so that their lower end faces 20 run transversely to the crushing chamber and are therefore not or less exposed to the crushing pressure. They form a transverse profile of the jaw surface that is favorable for the crushing process.
Ausblaskanäle 21, die die Brechbacke 18 durchqueren, setzen sich in Nuten oder Spalten 22 fort, die durch Distanzbeilagen, die zwischen der die Schutzelemente tragenden Oberfläche der Brechbacke 18 und den Schutzelementen 19 angeordnet sind, gebildet werden. Gleichermaßen können die Nuten 22 in die Oberfläche der Brechbacke 18 mit fallendem Verlauf eingearbei¬ tet oder in der entsprechenden Oberfläche der SchutzelementeBlow-out channels 21, which pass through the crushing jaw 18, continue in grooves or gaps 22, which are formed by distance inserts, which are arranged between the surface of the crushing jaw 18 carrying the protective elements and the protective elements 19. Likewise, the grooves 22 can be worked into the surface of the crushing jaw 18 with a falling course or in the corresponding surface of the protective elements
19 vorgesehen sein. Die Ausblaskanäle 21 münden in der Stirn¬ fläche 20 oder hinter dieser.19 may be provided. The blow-out channels 21 open into the end face 20 or behind it.
Bei einer Ausführung der Schutzelemente 19 in Hohlkörperform oder als profiliert ausgebildetes Element entsprechend Fig. 2 - 5 erfolgt die Kühlluftführung durch den hohlen Innenraum der Schutzelemente 19 und bläst über Öffnungen in der StirnflächeIn the case of a design of the protective elements 19 in the form of a hollow body or as a profiled element according to FIGS. 2-5, the cooling air is guided through the hollow interior of the protective elements 19 and blows through openings in the end face
20 und/oder Schlitzspalte an deren unterer Auflagekante in den Brechraum 9 aus.20 and / or slot gaps at their lower contact edge into the crushing chamber 9.
Fig. 6 zeigt schematisch den unteren Teil des Brechraumes 9 mit dem Brecheraustrittspalt 17 und insbesondere die Scherlei¬ ste 23, die mit einer der beiden Brechbacken, bspw. der beweglichen Brechbacke 8 kraftschlüssig verbunden ist. Sie ragt, auch unter Berücksichtigung vertikaler Bewegungskompo¬ nenten der beweglichen Brechbacke 8, um mindestens den Abstand 24, der der im Betriebszustand maximal einstellbaren Aus¬ trittsspaltweite entspricht, unter den Brecheraustrittsspalt 17 hinaus und überdeckt vorzugsweise vollständig den projizierten Querschnitt des Austrittsspaltes beim Schließhub der beweglichen Brechbacke.6 schematically shows the lower part of the crushing chamber 9 with the crusher outlet gap 17 and in particular the shear bar 23 which is non-positively connected to one of the two crushing jaws, for example the movable crushing jaw 8. Taking vertical movement components of the movable crushing jaw 8 into account, it protrudes below the crusher outlet gap 17 by at least the distance 24, which corresponds to the maximum outlet gap width that can be set in the operating state, and preferably completely covers it projected cross section of the exit gap during the closing stroke of the movable crushing jaw.
Mit der Anordnung einer Scherleiste 23 wird erreicht, daß länglich geformte Brechgutteile, die den Austrittsspalt passieren und mit einer Kantenlänge nominell größer als die Austrittsspaltweite sein können, zwischen der Scherleiste 23 und der Unterkante der feststehenden Brechbacke 7 weitgehend nachzerkleinert werden. Regelmäßig geformtes Schüttgut mit einer der eingestellten Austrittsspaltweite entsprechenden maximalen Endkorngröße, das den Brechraum 9 verläßt, passiert den freien Querschnitt zwischen Brechbackenunterkante und Scherleiste 23 unbeansprucht. With the arrangement of a shear bar 23 it is achieved that elongated items to be crushed, which pass through the outlet gap and can be nominally larger than the outlet gap width with an edge length, are largely re-shredded between the shear bar 23 and the lower edge of the fixed jaw 7. Regularly shaped bulk material with a maximum final grain size corresponding to the set outlet gap width, which leaves the crushing chamber 9, passes the free cross section between the lower jaw edge and the shear bar 23 without stress.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Brecheranordnung zum Zerkleinern hochtemperierten Brenn¬ guts, insbesondere von Zementklinker, zwischen einem Brennofen und einem Kühler gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung eines Backenbrechers (6) mit Kühleinrichtungen.1. Crusher arrangement for comminuting high-temperature Brenn¬ material, in particular cement clinker, between a kiln and a cooler characterized by the use of a jaw crusher (6) with cooling devices.
2. Brecheranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühleinrichtungen von kühlluftbeaufschlagten Kanälen (18, 19) gebildet sind, die in den Brechraum münden.2. Crusher arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling devices of cooling air-loaded channels (18, 19) are formed, which open into the crushing chamber.
3. Brecheranordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlluftkanäle (19) fallend hinter geschuppt angeordneten und/oder quer profilierten Panzerplatten (16) verlaufen.3. Crusher arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling air channels (19) run behind scaled and / or transversely profiled armor plates (16).
4. Brecheranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine interne Kühlung der Brechbacken vorgesehen ist.4. Crusher arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that internal cooling of the crushing jaws is provided.
5. Brecheranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die bewegliche Backe (8) den Klinker¬ austragskanal (5) an einer Außenseite begrenzt.5. Crusher arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the movable jaw (8) limits the Klinker¬ discharge channel (5) on an outside.
6. Brecheranordnung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brecherspalt verstellbar ist und die dafür vorge¬ sehenen Versteileinrichtungen an der beweglichen Backe (8) angreifen.6. Crusher arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the crusher gap is adjustable and the adjusting devices provided therefor act on the movable jaw (8).
7. Brecheranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brecherspalt (17) so groß ein¬ stellbar ist, daß er den Durchfluß des unzerkleinerten Guts gestattet.7. Crusher arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the crusher gap (17) is adjustable so large that it allows the flow of the uncrushed material.
8. Brecheranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens die bewegliche Backe (8) des Brechers aus dem Klinkeraustragskanal (5) herausfahr¬ bar ist.8. Crusher arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least the movable jaw (8) the crusher can be moved out of the clinker discharge channel (5).
9. Brecheranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der obere, einen weiteren Brechraum- Winkel aufweisende Teil (10) des Brechraumes als Aufnah- metrichter für den Maximalanfall des Guts bemessen ist.9. Crusher arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the upper, a further crushing chamber angle part (10) of the crushing chamber is dimensioned as a receiving funnel for the maximum amount of material.
10. Brecheranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am unteren Ende des Brecherspalts (9) eine Scherleiste (23) angeordnet ist, die beim Arbeitshub den Austragsspalt (17) überdeckt.10. Crusher arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at the lower end of the crusher gap (9) a shear bar (23) is arranged which covers the discharge gap (17) during the working stroke.
11. Brecheranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Trennwand (11) den Klinkeraustragskanal (5) von dem Heißluftkanal (3) trennt und die feststehende Brechbacke (7) an dieser Trennwand angeordnet ist oder von ihr gebildet ist.11. Crusher arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a partition (11) separates the clinker discharge duct (5) from the hot air duct (3) and the fixed crushing jaw (7) is arranged on this partition or is formed by it.
12. Brecheranordnung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trennwand Kühleinrichtungen enthält. 12. Crusher arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the partition contains cooling devices.
EP92912375A 1991-06-05 1992-06-05 Crushing unit for use in a clinker-cooling plant Expired - Lifetime EP0586531B1 (en)

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DE4118465 1991-06-05
DE4118465 1991-06-05
PCT/EP1992/001265 WO1992021441A1 (en) 1991-06-05 1992-06-05 Crushing unit for use in a clinker-cooling plant

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EP0586531B1 EP0586531B1 (en) 1996-01-17

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DE59205118D1 (en) 1996-02-29
DE4124878A1 (en) 1992-12-10
ATE133089T1 (en) 1996-02-15
EP0586531B1 (en) 1996-01-17
JPH06508061A (en) 1994-09-14
WO1992021441A1 (en) 1992-12-10

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