EP0585665B1 - Panel with two layers based on water or air hardened binders for making raised floors - Google Patents

Panel with two layers based on water or air hardened binders for making raised floors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0585665B1
EP0585665B1 EP93112773A EP93112773A EP0585665B1 EP 0585665 B1 EP0585665 B1 EP 0585665B1 EP 93112773 A EP93112773 A EP 93112773A EP 93112773 A EP93112773 A EP 93112773A EP 0585665 B1 EP0585665 B1 EP 0585665B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
weight
fibres
panel
layer
water
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EP93112773A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0585665A1 (en
Inventor
Cosimo Catalano
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Hiross International Corp BV
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Hiross International Corp BV
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
    • E04F15/02405—Floor panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
    • B28B1/16—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted for producing layered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
    • B28B1/522—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement for producing multi-layered articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/043—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plate based on water-hardened and / or air-hardened binders for the construction of raised floors, which consist of layers with different weight percentages of fibers.
  • panel modules with the standard dimensions have been used to build raised floors 60 x 60 x 304 cm used, which are composed of solid support plates and on the a covering is glued on, which fulfills the function of a wear layer.
  • raised floors means floating floors in modular construction, which creates a void between the original underground and the new one Form tread.
  • the cavities can serve as service channels for different Applications such as for power supply, telephone cabling, Information transfer, room air conditioning and. Like., serve.
  • carrier plates are made from different materials, for example from pressboard, Plasterboard or made of concrete reinforced with fibers.
  • the carrier plates are usually commercially available with suitable dimensions, which are also suitable for the production of concrete slabs are used.
  • the known plates are shaped in that a relatively thin, watery one Suspension of cement and fibers is made by filtering on a moving Mesh is processed into an inconsistent film with a thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm, the in turn is caught on a roller at the end of the net. This layer created in this way is wound on the roller to produce a thickness of about 15 mm. The material the roller is then trimmed and unrolled again.
  • DE-A1-23 65 161 describes a multi-layer component with three made of plaster and fibrous materials formed layers became known, of which the two outer layers one same fiber weight percentage and the inner layer a higher weight percentage of fibers having.
  • the gypsum curing time is achieved by vacuuming the fibers staggered plaster paste reduced.
  • Each layer is made by applying a water-gypsum-fiber mixture on an endless, rotating support sieve and subsequent transport over rubber bands on which the layer of excess suction boxes Water is freed.
  • Different compositions are used for a multilayer element Masses applied in wide slot nozzles arranged one behind the other. In the subsequent Suction develops sufficient adhesion between the individual layers.
  • CH-PS-582 292 discloses a laminated gypsum fiber board, which essentially is composed of a plurality of thin layers of plaster and fibers. whereby itself alignment of the fibers in the longitudinal direction of the plates can be achieved. It will be one Mixture of plaster, water and fibers combined to form a fleece. which on a Format roller is wound up. After reaching the desired laminate thickness, the wound nonwoven layers separated at a point perpendicular to the direction of transport and the laminating layers processed into a plate. To achieve special properties of the Boards in terms of strength, porosity, density, etc., can be granular in addition to plaster and fibers or powdery additives such as perlite, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite can be added.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide panels for the construction of raised floors To provide, in particular, a lower specific weight and an improved have thermal insulation.
  • the present invention thus relates to a plate of the type mentioned at the outset, which according to the invention characterized in that the plate has two layers of an - in Use position - lower base layer and - in use position - upper layer is formed, wherein the lower base layer made of a hardened binder, the one includes first weight fraction of fibers, and the upper layer of a cured Binder, the expanded clay or an equivalent material and a second proportion by weight Includes fibers is formed, wherein the second proportion by weight of fibers is smaller than the first is.
  • Such plates have new and advantageous structural properties and possible uses on. They offer the same compared to the other known products Above all, the advantage of a lower specific weight and a larger one thermal insulation.
  • the base layer preferably has a weight fraction of cellulose fibers of 5% by weight. to 12% by weight and synthetic fibers from 0.5% to 4% by weight.
  • the top layer most conveniently has a weight fraction of expanded clay or equivalent Material from 12% by weight to 40% by weight, cellulose fibers from 1% by weight to 4% by weight and on synthetic fibers from 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight.
  • the fibers usually consist of divided cellulose fibers, synthetic fibers, in particular those made of polypropylene, polyacrylic, polyvinyl alcohol, and / or of glass fibers.
  • the thickness ratio of the base layer to the upper layer is in the range of 1: (2 - 4) lies.
  • the base layer can have a thickness of 0.7 cm to 1.5 cm and the upper layer has a thickness of 2.5 cm to 3.5 cm.
  • the thickness ratio of the base layer to the upper layer is in the range of 1: (2 - 4) lies.
  • the base layer can have a thickness of 0.7 cm to 1.5 cm and the upper layer has a thickness of 2.5 cm to 3.5 cm.
  • an aqueous suspension is produced which the binder and the fibers - cellulose fibers and optionally synthetic Fibers - includes.
  • the suspension advantageously contains the water and the solid Ingredients in a ratio between 0.7 and 1.5. In a more specific embodiment this ratio is between 0.7 and 1.1.
  • composition of the solid constituents of the suspension is preferably the following: 80% by weight to 95% by weight of binder and 5% by weight to 12% by weight of cellulose fibers, where the remainder, if any, of 100% consists of synthetic fibers.
  • the cellulose fibers are usually in divided form. It can also be recovered Fibers are used, as they are usually added to stucco and Mortar or as an asbestos substitute.
  • the suspension described above is obtained in a watertight manner Form introduced, the lower part of which has the same dimensions as the desired plate, e.g. 60 x 60 cm. However, the amount of suspension poured in only reaches one Part of the height of the shape.
  • a solid dry mixture is applied to the suspension, which consists of Binder, expanded clay or equivalent material and fibers.
  • the weight ratio between a dry, solid mixture and the suspension poured into the mold, is preferably between 1.2 and 1.7.
  • the dry, solid mixture preferably contains 50% by weight to 85% by weight of binder, 12% by weight to 40% by weight expanded clay or equivalent material, 1% by weight to 4% by weight Cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers as the remaining balance to 100%.
  • the content of the form is subjected to pressure. This is of the order of 800 N / cm 2 to 1500 N / cm 2 (80 kg / cm 2 to 150 kg / cm 2 ).
  • the plate can be used to build raised floors and can be used to apply a wear layer.
  • the wear layer is preferably made from a laminate of moquette or similar. It is on the surface of the top Layer, on the side facing away from the base layer, preferably applied by gluing.
  • the adhesion of this layer is excellent because the adhesive material in the pores of expanded clay or equivalent material that is also on the surface of the upper layer located, can penetrate.
  • Known plates can only be used with much larger ones Effort can be stuck to the wear layer.
  • the structure of the plate according to the invention is completed in the attached drawing represented by the glued-on wear layer.
  • the base layer 1 represents the bottom layer of the plate according to the invention. It consists of a matrix of water-hardened and / or air-hardened binder containing Cellulose fibers in the range of 5 wt .-% to 12 wt .-% and synthetic fibers in the Range from 0.5% to 4% by weight.
  • the upper layer 2 which is also based on a binder and expanded clay beads 3 or equivalent material in an amount of 12 wt .-% to 40% by weight, cellulose fibers in an amount of 1% by weight to 4% by weight and synthetic Contains fibers in an amount of 0.5 wt .-% to 8 wt .-%.
  • the wear layer 5 is with the help of the adhesive layer 4 on the upper, specifically lighter layer 2 attached.
  • the base layer 1 guarantees increased mechanical strength, while the layer 2 a increased thermal and acoustic insulation guaranteed.
  • the plates according to the invention have numerous advantages over the known plates, among which the lower specific weight (approx. 1600 kg / m 3 compared to 1900 kg / m 3 ), the higher thermal and acoustic insulation ability and a higher flame resistance are to be emphasized.
  • the plates according to the invention can be larger Thickness are carried out in order to achieve a higher load capacity with the same weight.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

A novel panel for producing raised floors which are applied to existing floors leaving free hollow spaces for supply lines has two layers (1,2) based on water-hardened or air-hardened binders. The lower support layer (1) consists of hardened binder containing fibre material. The layer (2) disposed above this contains expanded clay (3) or an equivalent material, in addition to a fibre material. By this means, the composite panel has a lower specific weight than single-layer panels of a known type and, in addition, has an increased thermal and acoustic insulation capacity. <IMAGE>

Description

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Platte auf der Basis von wassergehärteten und/oder luftgehärteten Bindemitteln zum Aufbau von Doppelböden, welche aus Schichten mit unterschiedlichem Gewichtsanteil an Fasern zusammengesetzt ist.The present invention relates to a plate based on water-hardened and / or air-hardened binders for the construction of raised floors, which consist of layers with different weight percentages of fibers.

Zum Aufbau von Doppelböden wurden bisher Plattenmodule mit den Standardabmessungen 60 x 60 x 304 cm verwendet, die aus festen Trägerplatten zusammengesetzt sind und auf die eine Verkleidung aufgeklebt ist, welche die Funktion einer Trittschicht erfüllt.So far, panel modules with the standard dimensions have been used to build raised floors 60 x 60 x 304 cm used, which are composed of solid support plates and on the a covering is glued on, which fulfills the function of a wear layer.

Mit dem Ausdruck "Doppelböden" sind dabei schwimmende Böden in Modulbauweise gemeint, welche einen Hohlraum zwischen dem ursprünglichen Untergrund und der neuen Trittfläche bilden. Die Hohlräume können als Service-Kanäle für verschiedene Anwendungen, wie z.B. zur Stromversorgung, Telefonverkabelung, Informationsübermittlung, Raumklimatisierung u. dgl., dienen.The expression "raised floors" means floating floors in modular construction, which creates a void between the original underground and the new one Form tread. The cavities can serve as service channels for different Applications such as for power supply, telephone cabling, Information transfer, room air conditioning and. Like., serve.

Diese Trägerplatten werden aus verschiedenen Materialien, beispielsweise aus Preßspanplatten, Gipsplatten oder aus mit Fasern armiertem Beton hergestellt.These carrier plates are made from different materials, for example from pressboard, Plasterboard or made of concrete reinforced with fibers.

Die Trägerplatten sind üblicherweise mit passenden Abmessungen im Handel, die auch für die Fertigung von Betonplatten Verwendung finden.The carrier plates are usually commercially available with suitable dimensions, which are also suitable for the production of concrete slabs are used.

Die Formgebung der bekannten Platten erfolgt dadurch, daß eine relativ dünne, wässerige Suspension von Zement und Fasern hergestellt wird, die durch Filtrieren auf einem bewegten Netz zu einem inkonsistenten Film mit einer Dicke von 1 mm bis 2 mm verarbeitet wird, der seinerseits auf einer Walze am Ende des Netzes aufgefangen wird. Diese so erzeugte Schicht wird auf der Walze aufgewickelt, um eine Dicke von etwa 15 mm zu erzeugen. Das Material auf der Walze wird schließlich beschnitten und wieder abgerollt.The known plates are shaped in that a relatively thin, watery one Suspension of cement and fibers is made by filtering on a moving Mesh is processed into an inconsistent film with a thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm, the in turn is caught on a roller at the end of the net. This layer created in this way is wound on the roller to produce a thickness of about 15 mm. The material the roller is then trimmed and unrolled again.

Nach der Formgebung und der ersten Phase des Aushärtens werden die Platten zur Bildung eines Schichtpaketes großer Dicke (4 cm bis 5 cm) übereinander gestapelt. Dieses Schichtpaket umfaßt je nach Art des Bindemittels 2 bis 5 Schichten. Danach können zwei Wege beschritten werden:

  • a - Beschneiden des Paketes von 3 m x 1,2 auf eine Abmessung von 62 x 62 cm und Verpressen der Platten mit einer Presse (300 t), um das überschüssige Wasser austreten zu lassen. Dabei entsteht ein Produkt mit wenigen Hohlräumen, welches die erforderlichen mechanischen Eigenschaften hat.
  • b - Verpressen des vollständigen Paketes der ursprünglichen Platten auf einer Presse mit großen Abmessungen.
    • After the shaping and the first phase of curing, the plates are stacked one above the other to form a layer package of great thickness (4 cm to 5 cm). Depending on the type of binder, this layer package comprises 2 to 5 layers. After that, two ways can be followed:
  • a - Trimming the parcel from 3 mx 1.2 to a dimension of 62 x 62 cm and pressing the plates with a press (300 t) to allow the excess water to escape. This creates a product with few cavities, which has the required mechanical properties.
  • b - pressing the complete package of the original plates on a large-sized press.

    • Nach einem Reifeprozeß, der von Bindemittel zu Bindemittel verschieden ist, folgt das Beschneiden der Platten auf ihre Normmaße. Die solcherart hergestellten Platten sind auf ihrer ganzen Dicke homogen und zeigen eine Isotropie in der Richtung der Fasern, wodurch die Platte verschiedene Eigenschaften bei Biegung in ihren beiden bevorzugten Richtungen zeigt.After a ripening process, which differs from binder to binder, trimming follows of the plates to their standard dimensions. The plates made in this way are on yours homogeneous throughout the thickness and show an isotropy in the direction of the fibers, causing the Plate shows different properties when bent in its two preferred directions.

    Es existiert weiters ein bekanntes Verfahren, welches darin besteht, daß ein Gemisch aus Gips, Zellulosefasern, synthetischen Fasern und Wasser bereitet wird, welches in eine Form mit den Maßen 60 x 60 cm gegossen wird. Während des Verpressens (300 t) entweicht das Wasser aus dem Boden der Form, welcher somit als Filter wirkt. Der Preßvorgang dauert lange, da das in der Zellulose festgehaltene Wasser mit fortschreitendem Aushärten des Gipses beim Austritt aus den inneren Bereichen einem immer größer werdenden Widerstand ausgesetzt ist.There is also a known method which consists in making a mixture of Gypsum, cellulose fibers, synthetic fibers and water is prepared, which is in a mold is cast with the dimensions 60 x 60 cm. This escapes during pressing (300 t) Water from the bottom of the mold, which thus acts as a filter. The pressing process takes long, since the water held in the cellulose with the progressive hardening of the Gypsum when exiting the inner areas of an ever increasing resistance is exposed.

    Auch in diesem Fall erhält man homogene Platten, die jedoch keine Vorzugsrichtung der Biegefestigkeit bei einer Beanspruchung aufweisen.In this case, too, homogeneous plates are obtained, which, however, are not a preferred direction of the Have flexural strength under stress.

    Aus der DE-A1-23 65 161 ist ein Mehrschichtbauelement mit drei aus Gips und Faserstoffen gebildeten Schichten bekanntgeworden, von denen die beiden äußeren Schichten einen gleichen Fasergewichtsanteil und die innere Schicht einen höheren Gewichtsanteil an Fasern aufweist. Die Gips-Aushärtezeit wird durch Vakuumbeaufschlagung des mit Fasern versetzten Gipsbreis reduziert.DE-A1-23 65 161 describes a multi-layer component with three made of plaster and fibrous materials formed layers became known, of which the two outer layers one same fiber weight percentage and the inner layer a higher weight percentage of fibers having. The gypsum curing time is achieved by vacuuming the fibers staggered plaster paste reduced.

    Die Herstellung einer jeden Schicht erfolgt durch Auftragen eines Wasser-Gips-Fasergemisches auf ein endloses, umlaufendes Tragsieb und nachfolgendes Transportieren über Gummibänder, auf denen die Schicht über Vakuumsaugkästen vom überschüssigen Wasser befreit wird. Für ein Mehrschichtelement werden unterschiedlich zusammengesetzte Massen in hintereinander angeordneten Breitschlitzdüsen aufgetragen. Bei der anschließenden Absaugung bildet sich zwischen den einzelnen Lagen ausreichende Haftwirkung aus.Each layer is made by applying a water-gypsum-fiber mixture on an endless, rotating support sieve and subsequent transport over rubber bands on which the layer of excess suction boxes Water is freed. Different compositions are used for a multilayer element Masses applied in wide slot nozzles arranged one behind the other. In the subsequent Suction develops sufficient adhesion between the individual layers.

    Weiters offenbart die CH-PS-582 292 eine laminierte Gipsfaserplatte, die im wesentlichen aus einer Mehrzahl dünner Lagen aus Gips und Fasern zusammengesetzt ist. wodurch sich eine Ausrichtung der Fasern in Längsrichtung der Platten erzielen läßt. Es wird eine Mischung aus Gips, Wasser und Fasern zu einem Vlies vereinigt. welches auf einer Formatwalze aufgewickelt wird. Nach Erreichen der gewünschten Laminatdicke werden die aufgewickelten Vlieslagen an einer Stelle senkrecht zur Transportrichtung durchgetrennt und die Laminierlagen zu einer Platte verarbeitet. Zur Erzielung spezieller Eigenschaften der Platten bezüglich Festigkeit, Porosität, Dichte usw, können neben Gips und Fasern körnige oder pulverige Zuschlagstoffe wie Perlite, Kieselgur, Vermiculite beigemischt werden. Furthermore, CH-PS-582 292 discloses a laminated gypsum fiber board, which essentially is composed of a plurality of thin layers of plaster and fibers. whereby itself alignment of the fibers in the longitudinal direction of the plates can be achieved. It will be one Mixture of plaster, water and fibers combined to form a fleece. which on a Format roller is wound up. After reaching the desired laminate thickness, the wound nonwoven layers separated at a point perpendicular to the direction of transport and the laminating layers processed into a plate. To achieve special properties of the Boards in terms of strength, porosity, density, etc., can be granular in addition to plaster and fibers or powdery additives such as perlite, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite can be added.

    Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, Platten für den Aufbau von Doppelböden zur Verfügung zu stellen, die insbesondere ein geringeres spezifisches Gewicht und eine verbesserte thermische Isolierfähigkeit aufweisen.The object of the present invention is to provide panels for the construction of raised floors To provide, in particular, a lower specific weight and an improved have thermal insulation.

    Weiters ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Platten zur Verfügung zu stellen, das mit größerer Effizienz, d.h. rascher und unter Vermeidung aufwendiger Filtrations- und Wassersammelverfahren arbeitet.Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing such To provide plates that are more efficient, i.e. faster and with avoidance elaborate filtration and water collection process works.

    Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft somit eine Platte der eingangs genannten Art, die erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Platte zweischichtig aus einer - in Verwendungslage - unteren Tragschicht und einer - in Verwendungslage - oberen Schicht gebildet ist, wobei die untere Tragschicht aus einem ausgehärteten Bindemittel, das einen ersten Gewichtsanteil an Fasern beinhaltet, und die obere Schicht aus einem ausgehärteten Bindemittel, das Blähton oder ein äquivalentes Material und einen zweiten Gewichtsanteil an Fasern beinhaltet, gebildet ist, wobei der zweite Gewichtsanteil an Fasern kleiner als der erste ist.The present invention thus relates to a plate of the type mentioned at the outset, which according to the invention characterized in that the plate has two layers of an - in Use position - lower base layer and - in use position - upper layer is formed, wherein the lower base layer made of a hardened binder, the one includes first weight fraction of fibers, and the upper layer of a cured Binder, the expanded clay or an equivalent material and a second proportion by weight Includes fibers is formed, wherein the second proportion by weight of fibers is smaller than the first is.

    Anstelle des Blähtons können in der oberen Schicht Perlit, Vermiculith, Bimsstein od. dergl. enthalten sein.Instead of expanded clay, pearlite, vermiculite, pumice or the like can be used in the upper layer. be included.

    Derartige Platten weisen neue und vorteilhafte Struktureigenschaften und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten auf. Sie bieten im Vergleich zu den anderen bekannten Produkten mit der gleichen Aufgabe vor allem den Vorteil eines geringeren spezifischen Gewichtes und einer größeren thermischen Isolierung.Such plates have new and advantageous structural properties and possible uses on. They offer the same compared to the other known products Above all, the advantage of a lower specific weight and a larger one thermal insulation.

    Auf der oberen Schicht, auf der von der Tragschicht abgewandten Seite, ist in der Regel eine Trittschicht aufgeklebt.There is usually one on the upper layer, on the side facing away from the base layer Wear layer glued on.

    Vorzugsweise weist die Tragschicht einen Gewichtsanteil an Zellulosefasern von 5 Gew.-% bis 12 Gew.-% und an synthetischen Fasern von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 4 Gew.-% auf.The base layer preferably has a weight fraction of cellulose fibers of 5% by weight. to 12% by weight and synthetic fibers from 0.5% to 4% by weight.

    Die obere Schicht weist am günstigsten einen Gewichtsanteil an Blähton oder äquivalentem Material von 12 Gew.-% bis 40 Gew.-%, an Zellulosefasern von 1 Gew.-% bis 4 Gew.-% und an synthetischen Fasern von 0.5 Gew.-% bis 8 Gew.-% auf.The top layer most conveniently has a weight fraction of expanded clay or equivalent Material from 12% by weight to 40% by weight, cellulose fibers from 1% by weight to 4% by weight and on synthetic fibers from 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight.

    Die Fasern bestehen in der Regel aus zerteilten Zellulosefasern, aus synthetischen Fasern, insbesondere solchen aus Polypropylen, Polyacryl, Polyvinylalkohol, und/oder aus Glasfasern.The fibers usually consist of divided cellulose fibers, synthetic fibers, in particular those made of polypropylene, polyacrylic, polyvinyl alcohol, and / or of glass fibers.

    Günstig ist es, wenn das Dickenverhältnis von Tragschicht zu oberer Schicht im Bereich von 1 : (2 - 4) liegt. Beispielsweise kann die Tragschicht eine Dicke von 0,7 cm bis 1,5 cm und die obere Schicht eine Dicke von 2,5 cm bis 3,5 cm aufweisen. It is favorable if the thickness ratio of the base layer to the upper layer is in the range of 1: (2 - 4) lies. For example, the base layer can have a thickness of 0.7 cm to 1.5 cm and the upper layer has a thickness of 2.5 cm to 3.5 cm.

    Günstig ist es, wenn das Dickenverhältnis von Tragschicht zu oberer Schicht im Bereich von 1 : (2 - 4) liegt. Beispielsweise kann die Tragschicht eine Dicke von 0,7 cm bis 1,5 cm und die obere Schicht eine Dicke von 2,5 cm bis 3,5 cm aufweisen.It is favorable if the thickness ratio of the base layer to the upper layer is in the range of 1: (2 - 4) lies. For example, the base layer can have a thickness of 0.7 cm to 1.5 cm and the upper layer has a thickness of 2.5 cm to 3.5 cm.

    Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer zweischichtigen Platte, wobei

  • a) eine wässerige Suspension gebildet wird, die Bindemittel und Fasern beinhaltet,
  • b) die Suspension in eine wasserdichte Form gegossen wird, deren Unterteil die Dimension der gewünschten Platte aufweist, wobei die Suspension die Form nur teilweise ausfüllt. Erfindungsgemäß wird.
  • c) die Form mit einer trockenen, festen Mischung aus Bindemittel und Blähton oder äquivalentem Material sowie Zellulosefasern und gegebenenfalls synthetischen Fasern aufgefüllt und
  • d) der Materialinhalt der Form unter Druck gesetzt und der Aushärtung überlassen.
    • The present invention also relates to a method for producing a two-layer plate, wherein
  • a) an aqueous suspension is formed which contains binders and fibers,
  • b) the suspension is poured into a watertight mold, the lower part of which has the dimension of the desired plate, the suspension only partially filling the mold. According to the invention.
  • c) the mold is filled with a dry, solid mixture of binder and expanded clay or equivalent material, and cellulose fibers and, if appropriate, synthetic fibers, and
  • d) the material content of the mold is pressurized and left to harden.

    • Wie erwähnt, kann die trockene Mischung anstelle des oder zusätzlich zu dem Blähton Perlit, Vermiculith, Bimsstein u. dgl., enthalten.As mentioned, instead of or in addition to the expanded clay, pearlite, Vermiculite, pumice stone u. Like., included.

    Die Eigenschaften und Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Platte sowie des Verfahrens zur Herstellung derselben gehen aus der folgenden detaillierten Beschreibung hervor. The properties and advantages of the plate according to the invention and of the method for producing it these will appear from the following detailed description.

    Im ersten Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine wässerige Suspension hergestellt, welche das Bindemittel und die Fasern - Zellulosefasern und gegebenenfalls synthetische Fasern - beinhaltet. Vorteilhafterweise enthält die Suspension das Wasser und die festen Bestandteile in einem Verhältnis zwischen 0,7 und 1,5. Bei einer spezielleren Ausführungsform liegt dieses Verhältnis zwischen 0,7 und 1,1.In the first step of the method according to the invention, an aqueous suspension is produced which the binder and the fibers - cellulose fibers and optionally synthetic Fibers - includes. The suspension advantageously contains the water and the solid Ingredients in a ratio between 0.7 and 1.5. In a more specific embodiment this ratio is between 0.7 and 1.1.

    Die Zusammensetzung der festen Bestandteile der Suspension ist bevorzugt folgende: 80 Gew.-% bis 95 Gew.-% Bindemittel und 5 Gew.-% bis 12 Gew.-% Zellulosefasern, wobei der gegebenenfalls verbleibende Rest auf 100 % aus synthetischen Fasern besteht.The composition of the solid constituents of the suspension is preferably the following: 80% by weight to 95% by weight of binder and 5% by weight to 12% by weight of cellulose fibers, where the remainder, if any, of 100% consists of synthetic fibers.

    Die Zellulosefasern liegen dabei in der Regel in zerteilter Form vor. Es können auch wiedergewonnene Fasern verwendet werden, wie sie üblicherweise als Zusatz zu Stukkatur und Mörtel oder als Asbestersatz eingesetzt werden.The cellulose fibers are usually in divided form. It can also be recovered Fibers are used, as they are usually added to stucco and Mortar or as an asbestos substitute.

    Im zweiten Schritt wird die erhaltene, oben beschriebene Suspension in eine wasserdichte Form eingebracht, deren Unterteil die gleichen Abmessungen hat wie die gewünschte Platte, z.B. 60 x 60 cm. Die Menge an eingegossener Suspension erreicht dabei jedoch nur einen Teil der Höhe der Form.In the second step, the suspension described above is obtained in a watertight manner Form introduced, the lower part of which has the same dimensions as the desired plate, e.g. 60 x 60 cm. However, the amount of suspension poured in only reaches one Part of the height of the shape.

    Im dritten Schritt wird eine feste trockene Mischung auf die Suspension aufgebracht, die aus Bindemittel, Blähton oder äquivalentem Material und Fasern besteht. Das Gewichtsverhältnis zwischen trockener, fester Mischung und der Suspension, die in die Form eingegossen wird, liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 1,2 und 1,7.In the third step, a solid dry mixture is applied to the suspension, which consists of Binder, expanded clay or equivalent material and fibers. The weight ratio between a dry, solid mixture and the suspension poured into the mold, is preferably between 1.2 and 1.7.

    Die trockene, feste Mischung enthält bevorzugt 50 Gew.-% bis 85 Gew.-% Bindemittel, 12 Gew.-% bis 40 Gew.-% Blähton oder äquivalentes Material, 1 Gew.-% bis 4 Gew.-% Zellulosefasern und synthetische Fasern als verbleibenden Rest auf 100 %.The dry, solid mixture preferably contains 50% by weight to 85% by weight of binder, 12% by weight to 40% by weight expanded clay or equivalent material, 1% by weight to 4% by weight Cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers as the remaining balance to 100%.

    Im vierten Schritt wird der Inhalt der Form einem Druck ausgesetzt. Dieser liegt in der Größenordnung von 800 N/cm2 bis 1500 N/cm2 (80 kg/cm2 bis 150 kg/cm2).In the fourth step, the content of the form is subjected to pressure. This is of the order of 800 N / cm 2 to 1500 N / cm 2 (80 kg / cm 2 to 150 kg / cm 2 ).

    In diesem Arbeitsgang wird das Wasser der Suspension vollständig von den Materialien der trockenen festen Mischung absorbiert. Diese Vorgangsweise bietet große Vorteile gegenüber den Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, insbesondere was die Einfachheit der verwendeten Vorrichtung und die Zeitersparnis betrifft. Tatsächlich werden durch das Nichtaustreten von Wasser sämtliche Filter-, Sammel- und Wasserreinigungsvorrichtungen der bekannten Technik überflüssig und außerdem wird die Preßzeit drastisch reduziert.In this operation, the water of the suspension is completely covered by the materials of the absorbs dry solid mixture. This approach offers great advantages over the methods according to the prior art, in particular as to the simplicity of the used Device and time saving concerns. In fact, by not stepping out of water all filter, collection and water purification devices of the known Technology is superfluous and the pressing time is also drastically reduced.

    Sobald der Aushärtevorgang abgeschlossen ist, kann die Platte zum Aufbau von Doppelböden und zur Anbringung einer Trittschicht verwendet werden. Die Trittschicht besteht vorzugsweise aus einem Laminat aus Moquette oder ähnlichem. Sie wird auf der Oberfläche der oberen Schicht, auf der der Tragschicht abgewandten Seite, vorzugsweise durch Kleben aufgebracht. Die Haftfähigkeit dieser Schicht ist ausgezeichnet, da das Klebematerial in die Poren des Blähtons oder äquivalenten Materials, das sich auch an der Oberfläche der oberen Schicht befindet, eindringen kann. Bekannte Platten können dagegen nur mit wesentlich größerem Aufwand mit der Trittschicht beklebt werden.Once the curing process is complete, the plate can be used to build raised floors and can be used to apply a wear layer. The wear layer is preferably made from a laminate of moquette or similar. It is on the surface of the top Layer, on the side facing away from the base layer, preferably applied by gluing. The adhesion of this layer is excellent because the adhesive material in the pores of expanded clay or equivalent material that is also on the surface of the upper layer located, can penetrate. Known plates can only be used with much larger ones Effort can be stuck to the wear layer.

    In der angeschlossenen Zeichnung ist die Struktur der erfindungsgemäßen Platte, vervollständigt durch die aufgeklebte Trittschicht, dargestellt.The structure of the plate according to the invention is completed in the attached drawing represented by the glued-on wear layer.

    Die Tragschicht 1 stellt die unterste Schicht der erfindungsgemäßen Platte dar. Sie besteht aus einer Matrix aus wassergehärtetem und/oder luftgehärtetem Bindemittel mit einem Gehalt an Zellulosefasern im Bereich von 5 Gew.-% bis 12 Gew.-% und an synthetischen Fasern im Bereich von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 4 Gew.-%.The base layer 1 represents the bottom layer of the plate according to the invention. It consists of a matrix of water-hardened and / or air-hardened binder containing Cellulose fibers in the range of 5 wt .-% to 12 wt .-% and synthetic fibers in the Range from 0.5% to 4% by weight.

    Über dieser liegt die obere Schicht 2, die ebenfalls auf der Basis eines Bindemittels aufgebaut ist und Blähtonkügelchen 3 oder äquivalentes Material in einer Menge von 12 Gew.-% bis 40 Gew.-%, Zellulosefasern in einer Menge von 1 Gew.-% bis 4 Gew.-% und synthetische Fasern in einer Menge von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 8 Gew.-% enthält.Above this is the upper layer 2, which is also based on a binder and expanded clay beads 3 or equivalent material in an amount of 12 wt .-% to 40% by weight, cellulose fibers in an amount of 1% by weight to 4% by weight and synthetic Contains fibers in an amount of 0.5 wt .-% to 8 wt .-%.

    Die Trittschicht 5 ist mit Hilfe der Klebeschicht 4 an der oberen, spezifisch leichteren Schicht 2 befestigt.The wear layer 5 is with the help of the adhesive layer 4 on the upper, specifically lighter layer 2 attached.

    Die Tragschicht 1 garantiert eine erhöhte mechanische Festigkeit, während die Schicht 2 eine erhöhte thermische und akustische Isolation gewährleistet.The base layer 1 guarantees increased mechanical strength, while the layer 2 a increased thermal and acoustic insulation guaranteed.

    Die erfindungsgemäßen Platten weisen gegenüber den bekannten Platten zahlreiche Vorteile auf, unter welchen das geringere spezifische Gewicht (ca 1600 kg/m3 gegenüber 1900 kg/m3), die höhere thermische und akustische Isolierfähigkeit und eine höhere Flammfestigkeit hervorzuheben sind.The plates according to the invention have numerous advantages over the known plates, among which the lower specific weight (approx. 1600 kg / m 3 compared to 1900 kg / m 3 ), the higher thermal and acoustic insulation ability and a higher flame resistance are to be emphasized.

    Dank des geringeren spezifischen Gewichts können die erfindungsgemäßen Platten mit größerer Dicke ausgeführt werden, um bei gleichem Gewicht eine höhere Tragfähigkeit zu erreichen.Thanks to the lower specific weight, the plates according to the invention can be larger Thickness are carried out in order to achieve a higher load capacity with the same weight.

    Claims (14)

    1. Panel based on water-hardened and/or air-hardened binders for making raised floors, which is composed of layers (1, 2) having different proportions by weight of fibres, characterized in that the panel is formed with two layers comprising what is - in the position for use - a lower load-bearing layer (1) and what is - in the position for use - an upper layer (2), the lower load-bearing layer (1) being formed by a cured binder, which comprises a first proportion by weight of fibres, and the upper layer (2) being formed by a cured binder which comprises expanded clay or an equivalent material and a second proportion by weight of fibres, the second proportion by weight of fibres being less than the first.
    2. Panel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the upper layer (2) contains perlite, vermiculite or pumice stone.
    3. Panel according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the load-bearing layer (1) has a proportion by weight of cellulose fibres of from 5% by weight to 12% by weight and of synthetic fibres of from 0.5% by weight to 4% by weight.
    4. Panel according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper layer (2) has a proportion by weight of expanded clay or equivalent material of from 12% by weight to 40% by weight, of cellulose fibres of from 1% by weight to 4% by weight and of synthetic fibres of from 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight.
    5. Panel according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fibres comprise dispersed cellulose fibres, synthetic fibres, in particular those of polypropylene, polyacryl, polyvinyl alcohol, and/or glass fibres.
    6. Panel according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thickness ratio of the load-bearing layer (1) to the upper layer (2) lies in the range of 1: (2 - 4).
    7. Panel according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the load-bearing layer (1) has a thickness of from 0.7 cm to 1.5 cm and the upper layer (2) has a thickness of from 2.5 cm to 3.5 cm.
    8. Method of producing a panel with two layers, in which
      a) an aqueous suspension which comprises binder and fibres is formed,
      b) the suspension is poured into a water-impermeable mould, the lower part of which has the dimensions of the desired panel, the suspension only partially filling the mould,
      characterized in that
      c) the mould is filled with a dry, solid mixture of binder and expanded clay or equivalent material as well as cellulose fibres and, if appropriate, synthetic fibres, and
      d) the material content of the mould is subjected to pressure and is left for curing.
    9. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the dry mixture contains perlite, vermiculite or pumice stone.
    10. Method according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the aqueous suspension has a ratio of water to solid constituents of between 0.7 and 1.5.
    11. Method according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the solid constituents of the suspension contain 80% by weight to 95% by weight of binder and 5% by weight to 12% by weight of cellulose fibres, any remainder to make up 100% comprising synthetic fibres.
    12. Method according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the weight ratio between the dry, solid mixture and the water of the suspension which is poured into the mould is between 1.2 and 1.7.
    13. Method according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the dry, solid mixture contains 50% by weight to 85% by weight of binder, 12% by weight to 40% by weight of expanded clay or equivalent material, 1% by weight to 4% by weight of cellular fibres and, as the remainder, synthetic fibres.
    14. Method according to one of Claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the material content of the mould is subjected to pressure of from 800 N/cm2 to 1500 N/cm2.
    EP93112773A 1992-08-14 1993-08-10 Panel with two layers based on water or air hardened binders for making raised floors Expired - Lifetime EP0585665B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    ITMI921993A IT1255783B (en) 1992-08-14 1992-08-14 TWO-LAYER PANELS BASED ON HYDRAULIC BINDERS AND / OR AIRCRAFT SUITABLE FOR USE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAISED FLOORS
    ITMI921993 1992-08-14

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0585665A1 EP0585665A1 (en) 1994-03-09
    EP0585665B1 true EP0585665B1 (en) 1999-03-24

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    EP93112773A Expired - Lifetime EP0585665B1 (en) 1992-08-14 1993-08-10 Panel with two layers based on water or air hardened binders for making raised floors

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    EP (1) EP0585665B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE178111T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE59309474D1 (en)
    IT (1) IT1255783B (en)

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    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE19930366B4 (en) * 1999-06-15 2009-07-02 Xella Trockenbau - Systeme Gmbh sandwich panel
    EP1531148A1 (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-05-18 I.C.R.S. Industrial Ceramic Reinforcement Solution S.r.L. A panel in particular for raised flooring and a process for manufacturing said panel
    EP3692010A1 (en) * 2017-10-06 2020-08-12 Etex Services NV Improved fiber cement products and methods for the production thereof
    WO2019197658A2 (en) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 Interbran Systems Ag Heat-insulated precast concrete part

    Family Cites Families (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE1902153A1 (en) * 1969-01-17 1970-11-19 Rheinhold & Mahla Gmbh Process for the production of lightweight panels
    DE2365161A1 (en) * 1973-12-29 1975-07-03 Heidelberg Portland Zement Large plaster panels for internal building construction - made from gypsum mixed with reject cellulose pulp
    CH582292A5 (en) * 1974-08-30 1976-11-30 Amiantus Ag Gypsum fibre plate prodn - comprising thin layers with fibres in same plane (BE030876)
    BE847984A (en) * 1976-11-04 1977-03-01 PREFABRICATED CONCRETE ELEMENT AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS.
    FI64130C (en) * 1980-05-30 1983-10-10 Partek Ab RAOSKIVA FOER EN BYGGNADSSKIVA PAO GIPSBASIS SOM FRAMSTAELLS ENLIGT UPPRULLNINGSFOERFARANDET
    IT1174925B (en) * 1983-09-28 1987-07-01 Hiross Int Co MODULAR PANEL FOR RAISED FLOORS

    Also Published As

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    ATE178111T1 (en) 1999-04-15
    DE59309474D1 (en) 1999-04-29
    ITMI921993A0 (en) 1992-08-14
    IT1255783B (en) 1995-11-15
    EP0585665A1 (en) 1994-03-09
    ITMI921993A1 (en) 1994-02-14

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