EP0584031B1 - Système de toilette à vide pour installations mobiles et constructions civiles - Google Patents

Système de toilette à vide pour installations mobiles et constructions civiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0584031B1
EP0584031B1 EP93500071A EP93500071A EP0584031B1 EP 0584031 B1 EP0584031 B1 EP 0584031B1 EP 93500071 A EP93500071 A EP 93500071A EP 93500071 A EP93500071 A EP 93500071A EP 0584031 B1 EP0584031 B1 EP 0584031B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conduit
valve
storage tank
rotating element
joints
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93500071A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0584031A2 (fr
EP0584031A3 (fr
Inventor
Vicente Polo Sanchez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tecnicas Modulares E Industriales Sa Temoinsa
Original Assignee
Tecnicas Modulares E Industriales Sa Temoinsa
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Publication date
Application filed by Tecnicas Modulares E Industriales Sa Temoinsa filed Critical Tecnicas Modulares E Industriales Sa Temoinsa
Publication of EP0584031A2 publication Critical patent/EP0584031A2/fr
Publication of EP0584031A3 publication Critical patent/EP0584031A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0584031B1 publication Critical patent/EP0584031B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/006—Pneumatic sewage disposal systems; accessories specially adapted therefore
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum toilet system for moving installations and civil constructions which can be used, for example, in railways, and is of the type which comprise toilet bowls, a waste water storage tank, a valve connecting each bowl with this storage tank and a device controlling the operation of the system.
  • the waste water storage tank is kept at a pressure which is lower than atmospheric pressure in order to induce the passage of water from the bowl to the storage tank when the connecting valve is opened.
  • EP-A-277 786 describes a vacuum toilet system particularly for aeroplanes which comprises toilet bowls, a waste water storage tank, a valve which connects each bowl to said storage tank, an air extraction conduit with means of causing a negative pressure in the storage tank and control means for the operation of the assembly. This and other known systems have a number of drawbacks.
  • Another limitation of the known systems is due to the lack of protection of the storage tank pressure reducing means which can suffer from damage caused by solid bodies in suspension in the waste water.
  • the known systems do not allow the low pressure in the waste water storage tank to be maintained between two actuation cycles of the storage tank pressure reducing means.
  • the present invention has been developed with the aim of overcoming the aforementioned limitations. It consists of a vacuum toilet system of the type already described in which the valve comprises a valve housing with a through conduit, a rotating element to open and close the passage of fluid through the valve, and actuating means for rotating said rotating element, wherein said valve housing comprises a cylindrical cavity and inlet and outlet conduits which are transverse thereto, and said rotating element consists of a cylinder which is housed in said cavity and is provided with a transverse through conduit, which, when the valve is in the open position, connects the inlet and outlet conduits of the valve housing, the ends of the transverse conduit being adapted so that the rotating element completes the closing of the inlet conduit and of the outlet conduit of the valve housing non-simultaneously.
  • At least part of the border of the ends of the transverse conduit of the rotating element is provided with a cutting edge
  • a metal sleeve is inserted into the cylindrical cavity of the valve housing and is provided with orifices which correspond to the inlet and outlet conduits, at least part of the border of said orifices being provided with a cutting edge such that together with the cutting edge of the border of the ends of the conduit of the rotating element a scissor effect is produced.
  • the described toilet system is provided with watertightness means which consist of floating watertight joints provided in suitable housings between the adjacent surfaces of each pair of elements that undergo relative movement, said floating joints being forced against said surfaces by means of a pneumatic system when the moving elements are at rest.
  • This watertightness system provides a reliable and long-lasting seal, since it allows greater pressure to be exerted on the joints when the moving elements are at rest, thereby ensuring good watertightness, and lower pressure when said elements are moving, avoiding premature wear of the joints.
  • floating watertight joints are provided within annular recesses formed in each base of the cylindrical cavity of the valve housing, said recesses and joints being shaped so that they define between them annular channels which lead to a controlled compressed air source in order to press the joints against the respective bases of the rotating element.
  • O-rings are interposed between the watertight joints and the walls of their recesses in order to ensure that the waste waters and the air of the pneumatic system are kept separated at all times.
  • the system further comprises a non-return device to maintain the vacuum in the waste water storage tank, said non-return device being arranged in the conduit for extracting air from the storage tank.
  • This device may be a diaphragm valve which actuates against air-passage orifices and allows the partial vacuum created in the storage tank to be maintained for the required amount of time.
  • the system is further provided with a mechanical filter arranged in the air extraction conduit at the outlet of the waste water storage tank.
  • each toilet bowl comprises a plurality of water sprinklers for cleaning.
  • the system which forms the object of the present invention is provided with means of operational control comprising independent alarms for each bowl, general alarms for the common parts of the system and an alarm in case of a break in the control circuit, and further comprising switches to independently activate each operational phase of the system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a vacuum toilet system assembly which is composed of one or more toilet bowls 1 and a waste water storage tank 2, connected by means of an evacuation conduit 3 in which a valve 4 is provided for opening and closing said conduit.
  • the system also comprises an ejector device 5 to create a partial vacuum in the storage tank 2 and in the evacuation conduit 3 through the air extraction conduit 6; an odour filter 7 is placed in the conduit 6.
  • Another element of the system is the water pump 8 for cleaning the bowls 1 of residues.
  • the pump sucks from a storage tank (not shown) through a manually operated shutoff cock 8a.
  • the pump feeds a plurality of sprinklers 19 which are provided on the walls of the bowl 1.
  • the waste water storage tank 2 comprises an outlet 9 for emptying the tank, heating resistances 10 to prevent the water from freezing and a level detector 11.
  • control panel 12 actuated or activated from a control panel 12 either directly or by means of pneumatic electrovalves 13, 14, 15 fed by a compressed air source (not shown) through pressure regulators 16.
  • the control panel 12 receives signals from a manual switch 17 which activates the operational cycle, from an indicator 18 of the water level in the bowl 1 and from the level detector 11 of the storage tank 2.
  • FIG. 1 Figure 2 and figure 3 show the valve 4 in detail.
  • valve housing 21 which comprises a cylindrical cavity 22 and an inlet conduit 23 and an outlet conduit 24 oriented transversally to said cavity, and a rotating element, including a cylinder 25 housed within said cavity and provided with a transverse through conduit 26.
  • this conduit 26 connects the inlet conduit 23 and outlet conduit 24 together, thus connecting the bowl 1 and the waste water storage tank 2.
  • the cylinder 25 is rotationally driven by the motor 20, controlled from the control panel 12.
  • a metal sleeve 27 is provided within the cavity 22 of the valve housing 21, which may be of a plastic material, and has orifices which correspond to the inlet conduit 23 and the outlet conduit 24.
  • the edges of the conduit 26 are machined in such a way that when the cylinder 25 is rotated so as to close the valve, the inlet conduit 23 and the outlet conduit 24 do not close simultaneously but rather one after the other.
  • both the edges of the conduit 26 across the cylinder as well as the edges of the orifices of the sleeve 27 are machined so as to have cutting edges 25c and 27c which together produce a scissor effect at the moment of closure.
  • the system of the invention is provided with means to ensure optimum watertightness between the elements which undergo relative movement.
  • An example of these watertightness means is shown in figure 3 and in more detail in figure 4, which represent one embodiment of said watertightness means applied between the valve housing 21 and the rotating cylinder 25.
  • each base of the cylindrical cavity 22 of the valve housing 21 is formed a circular groove 28 in which a watertight joint 29 fits with a certain amount of clearance ("floating").
  • the watertight joint 29 may be of any suitable material, for example a synthetic material such as the one known commercially by the name TEFLON.
  • the groove 28 and the joint 29 are shaped in such a way that between them they define an annular channel 30; this channel 30 is connected to air inlets 31 which are connected in turn to the compressed air source (not shown) through the line 33 of figure 1.
  • the electrovalve 14 allows the passage of compressed air along line 33 so that in the region 25a the joint 29 is pressed against the base of the cylinder 25, thereby ensuring perfect watertightness.
  • the electrovalve 14 closes off the supply of air to the channel 30 and the joint 29 is subjected only to a residual pressure, so that the frictional wear due to contact with the base of the cylinder at 25a is relatively small.
  • O-ring seals 34 are provided between the joint 29 and the walls of the groove 28.
  • the ejector 5, shown in figure 5, is known in the state of the art and is not represented in detail. Its operation is based on forcing air to pass (arrow A) through a nozzle and using the negative pressure created therein to extract air (arrow B) from the waste water storage tank 2 by the Venturi effect and thus creating a partial vacuum. The air supplied and the air extracted from the storage tank are expelled to the atmosphere (arrow C).
  • Figure 6 represents the non-return device 40 and filter device 43 assembly.
  • the non-return device 40 is provided in the air extraction conduit 6.
  • This device can be a diaphragm valve, such as the one which is represented in figure 7, with a plurality of axial orifices 41 and a flexible diaphragm 42 which allows the passage of fluid through the orifices 41 in one direction only (arrow D).
  • the conduit 6 for extracting air from the storage tank 2 is also provided with a mechanical filter 43 to reduce the danger of damage to the ejector 5, the non-return device 40 and the odour filter 7 caused by solid bodies in suspension in the waste water.
  • This filter 43 comprises a sieve 44 and a vacuum indicator 45.
  • the system control means comprise a modular logic controller, with boards that can easily be replaced in the event of failure, and which can be used for a plurality of toilet bowls.
  • Said control means are provided with independent alarms for each bowl which indicate the unit and the point where a problem has occurred, general alarms for the common parts of the system, and a control system break alarm so that an alarm signal can be transmitted even in the case of failure of the control means.
  • the control panel 12 is provided with switches at the front of each board to independently activate each operational phase of the system, to activate only one phase, if necessary, for checking the system or in case of a failure, and a reset button to re-initialize the process as desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)
  • Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Système de W.C. à aspiration pour des installations mobiles ou des constructions de génie civil, qui comprend au moins une cuvette de W.C. (1), un réservoir de stockage des eaux usées (2), une vanne (4) qui relie chaque cuvette avec ledit réservoir de stockage, un conduit d'extraction d'air (6) avec des moyens (5) pour produire une pression négative dans le réservoir de stockage (2), et des moyens de commande pour le fonctionnement du système, ladite vanne (4) comprenant un boîtier de vanne (21) avec un conduit traversant, un organe rotatif (25) pour l'ouverture et la fermeture du passage de fluide au travers de la vanne (4), et des moyens (20) d'entraînement pour ledit organe rotatif (25), caractérisé en ce que ledit boîtier de vanne (21) comprend une cavité cylindrique (22), un conduit d'entrée (23) et un conduit de sortie (24) transversaux à celle-ci, ledit organe rotatif (25) comprenant un cylindre logé dans ladite cavité (22) et muni d'un conduit (26) traversant transversal qui, lorsque la vanne est dans la position ouverte, relie le conduit d'entrée (23) et le conduit de sortie (24) du boîtier de vanne (21), les extrémités du conduit transversal (26) étant adaptées de manière à ce que l'organe rotatif (25) achève la fermeture du conduit d'entrée (23) et du conduit de sortie (24) du boîtier de vanne (21) de manière non simultanée.
  2. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de la frontière des extrémités du conduit transversal (26) de l'organe rotatif (25) est munie d'un bord de coupe (25c).
  3. Système selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un manchon métallique (27) est inséré dans la cavité cylindrique (22) du boîtier de vanne (21) et est muni d'orifices correspondant au conduit d'entrée (23) et au conduit de sortie (24), au moins une partie de la frontière desdits orifices étant munie d'un bord de coupe (27c) de telle manière qu'ensemble avec le bord de coupe (25c) du bord des extrémités du conduit de l'organe rotatif (25), un effet de ciseaux est produit.
  4. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens étanches à l'eau comprenant des joints étanches à l'eau (29) qui sont agencés flottants dans des cavités (28) appropriées entre les surfaces adjacentes de chaque paire d'organes (21, 25) qui subissent un mouvement relatif, lesdits joints flottants (29) étant pressés contre lesdites surfaces (25a) au moyen d'un système pneumatique lorsque les organes mobiles (25) sont au repos.
  5. Système selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdites cavités (28) sont formées dans chaque base de la cavité cylindrique (22) du boîtier de vanne (21), lesdites cavités (28) et lesdits joints (29) étant façonnés de manière à définir entre eux des canaux annulaires (30) qui conduisent à une source d'air comprimé commandée de manière à presser les joints (29) contre les bases respectives (25a) de l'organe rotatif lorsqu'il est au repos.
  6. Système selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que des joints toriques (34) sont agencés entre les joints étanches à l'eau (29) et les parois de leurs cavités (28) de manière à assurer une étanchéité à l'eau entre les eaux usées et le système pneumatique.
  7. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un dispositif anti-retour (40) pour maintenir la pression négative dans le réservoir de stockage des eaux usées (2), ledit dispositif anti-retour (40) étant agencé dans le conduit (6) pour l'extraction d'air depuis le réservoir de stockage (2).
  8. Système selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif anti-retour (40) est une vanne munie d'un diaphragme (42) actionné contre les orifices (41) de passage d'air.
  9. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un filtre mécanique (43) agencé dans le conduit (6) pour extraire l'air depuis le réservoir de stockage (2) et au niveau de la sortie dudit réservoir (2), de manière à éviter que les matières solides en suspension dans les eaux usées n'endommagent les organes dudit conduit (6).
  10. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque cuvette de W.C. (1) comprend plusieurs systèmes d'éjection d'eau (19) pour le nettoyage.
  11. Système selon la revendication 1, comprenant des moyens de commande du fonctionnement, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de commande du fonctionnement comprennent des alarmes indépendantes pour chaque unité de W.C., des alarmes générales pour les parties communes du système, et une alarme dans l'éventualité d'une interruption dans le circuit de commande, et en ce qu'il comprend en outre des commutateurs pour activer de manière indépendante chacune des phases de fonctionnement du système.
EP93500071A 1992-06-01 1993-05-26 Système de toilette à vide pour installations mobiles et constructions civiles Expired - Lifetime EP0584031B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES9201120 1992-06-01
ES09201120A ES2072176B1 (es) 1992-06-01 1992-06-01 Sistema de evacuacion por vacio en instalaciones moviles y de obra civil.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0584031A2 EP0584031A2 (fr) 1994-02-23
EP0584031A3 EP0584031A3 (fr) 1994-10-19
EP0584031B1 true EP0584031B1 (fr) 1997-10-15

Family

ID=8277173

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93500071A Expired - Lifetime EP0584031B1 (fr) 1992-06-01 1993-05-26 Système de toilette à vide pour installations mobiles et constructions civiles

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0584031B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE159310T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69314575D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2072176B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI100547B (fi) * 1996-07-09 1997-12-31 Evac Int Oy Alipaineklosetti
ES2153716B1 (es) * 1997-06-12 2001-09-16 Tecn Modulares E Ind S A Temoi Valvula de corte para sistemas de evacuacion por vacio, y procedimiento para mantener operativa una valvula de corte.
US6082979A (en) * 1997-06-23 2000-07-04 Sealand Technology, Inc. Air pump for vacuum toilet systems
DE19834537A1 (de) 1998-07-31 2000-02-10 Gauting Gmbh Apparatebau Vakuumtoilettensystem für ein Fahrzeug
ES2366504B1 (es) * 2008-05-14 2012-09-07 Tecnicas Modulares E Industriales, S.A. Inodoro con sistema de evacuación por vacío.
DE102013212451B4 (de) * 2013-06-27 2015-02-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schienenfahrzeug mit einer WC-Vorrichtung
DE102014200485A1 (de) 2014-01-14 2015-07-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fahrzeug, insbesondere Schienenfahrzeug mit einer druckluftbetriebenen Toiletteneinrichtung
EP3321439A1 (fr) 2016-11-15 2018-05-16 Alte Technologies S.L.U. Système de transfert de déchets pour toilettes d'un véhicule de transport public
CN114277902B (zh) * 2021-11-20 2024-02-06 中国计量大学 一种真空便器的无电纯机械控制逻辑执行器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE183743C (fr) *
FR1313755A (fr) * 1961-07-10 1963-01-04 Utilisation Ration Gaz Robinet à boisseau pour tous fluides combustibles
US4713847B1 (en) * 1987-02-02 1996-05-28 Waertsilae Oy Ab Vacuum toilet system
SE501960C2 (sv) * 1990-04-20 1995-06-26 Waertsilae Oy Ab Vakuumtoalettsystem med vakuumgenerator med väsentligen konstant drifttid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69314575D1 (de) 1997-11-20
EP0584031A2 (fr) 1994-02-23
EP0584031A3 (fr) 1994-10-19
ES2072176A2 (es) 1995-07-01
ES2072176B1 (es) 1996-12-16
ES2072176R (fr) 1996-06-01
ATE159310T1 (de) 1997-11-15

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