EP0576202A1 - Kühler - Google Patents
Kühler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0576202A1 EP0576202A1 EP93304706A EP93304706A EP0576202A1 EP 0576202 A1 EP0576202 A1 EP 0576202A1 EP 93304706 A EP93304706 A EP 93304706A EP 93304706 A EP93304706 A EP 93304706A EP 0576202 A1 EP0576202 A1 EP 0576202A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- expander
- compressor
- refrigerator according
- displacers
- regenerator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
Definitions
- This invention relates to a refrigerator capable of cooling miniature devices to low temperatures.
- a refrigerator could have application, for example, for the spot cooling or freezing in biological or medical procedures, in micro-chemical analysis, for the spot cooling or temperature stabilization of certain instruments or equipment, and for the cooling of miniature super-conducting devices.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a form of refrigerator capable of achieving these and even lower temperatures.
- a refrigerator comprises a closed cycle system employing a compressor communicating through a regenerator with an expander, and a pair of displacers communicating respectively with the passages between the compressor and regenerator and between the expander and regenerator, these elements being actuated independently in a Stirling cycle sequence to remove heat from the region around the expander.
- the elements may be in the form of pistons operating in cylinders or movable diaphragms, actuated by electric or electronic means in the appropriate sequence, for example utilising thermal expansion, or electro-static or electro-magnetic forces.
- the present inventions is particularly applicable to micro-refrigerators, and by appropriate construction of heat exchange surfaces, high efficiencies and low temperatures can readily be achieved.
- the compressor, expander and displacers each has a displacement volume of not more than 2.0 x 106 ⁇ m.
- the heat exchange surfaces can be formed by micro-machining or etching micro-sized grooves in the surfaces, i.e. grooves having a width and depth of the order of 10 microns or less.
- the grooved surfaces may be formed of, or plated by a metal having high thermally conducting properties, such as silver or copper.
- a metal having high thermally conducting properties such as silver or copper.
- the platings may be broken a plurality of times in the flow direction to provide high axial thermal resistance to improve its performance.
- the refrigerator comprises a compressor C and an expander E connected by a duct 10 in which there is located a regenerator 11.
- the compressor, expander and displacers are shown as piston and cylinder units, although in practice these may be replaced by devices incorporating movable diaphragms; the reciprocating movement of the pistons/diaphragms, which will hereinafter be referred to as pistons for simplicity, are independently controlled, for example by electro-static or electro-magnetic forces.
- the pistons of the displacers A and B are arranged to operate in anti-phase as indicated by the broken line 14, although they are not necessarily mechanically linked.
- the system contains a working substance in the form of a gas, which may, for example be nitrogen, helium or hydrogen.
- the ideal motions of the compressor C, expander E and the displacers A, B may be replaced by simple harmonic motions, as shown in Figure 4, in which the volumes of gas in the various elements are plotted against time, V cl representing the minimum volumes, and V cl + V s the maximum volumes of the elements.
- the frequency of operation of the displacers A and B is half that of the compressor C and expander E, which are intermittently stopped over half the cycle.
- compressor C is shown as stopped between ⁇ and 3 ⁇ and the expander betwen 0 and 2 ⁇ . Whilst the overall efficiency of the micro-refrigerator will be somewhat less than ideal, it will in general prove adequate for effective cooling to low temperatures depending upon the gas used as the working substance.
- the regenerator 11 is conveniently constructed as illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B, which represent a longitudinal section, and a transverse section across the line A-A, respectively, the regenerator being in the form of a rectangular structure formed by two superposed plates 16, 17 approximately 10mm long and 4mm wide.
- the covered surface of the plate 16 is provided with a series of longitudinally extending micron-sized grooves 18, through which the gas is passed in use.
- the parts of the duct 10 adjacent the compressor C and expander E may be formed as shown in Figures 6A, 6B and 6C which represent a side section, a plan section and a transverse section respectively of the relevant parts of the duct.
- This comprises a main duct element 20 having a bore 21 which widens towards a central region 22.
- One side of the duct element 20 is formed with an opening over this central region 22 into which is fitted, so as to close the opening, a copper block 23 having its inner surface etched with longitudinal grooves 24, to increase the surface area contacting the gaseous working fluid on its passage through the duct, and thereby enhance the heat transfer qualities.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB929213350A GB9213350D0 (en) | 1992-06-24 | 1992-06-24 | Refrigerator |
GB9213350 | 1992-06-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0576202A1 true EP0576202A1 (de) | 1993-12-29 |
Family
ID=10717614
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93304706A Withdrawn EP0576202A1 (de) | 1992-06-24 | 1993-06-16 | Kühler |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0576202A1 (de) |
GB (2) | GB9213350D0 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0678716A1 (de) * | 1994-04-18 | 1995-10-25 | Jean Eggmann | Vorrichtung zum Wärmetransport durch eine Isolierwand nach dem Prinzip des Stirlingprozesses |
EP0695919A1 (de) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-07 | Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V. | Stirling-Kühlanlage |
FR2747767A1 (fr) * | 1996-04-23 | 1997-10-24 | Cryotechnologies | Cryostat pour refroidisseur cryogenique et refroidisseurs comportant un tel cryostat |
US5968637A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1999-10-19 | Thomson-Csf | Use of nitride barrier to prevent the diffusion of silver in glass |
WO2005031141A1 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-07 | Michael Cahill | A heat engine or heat pump |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4630626B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-21 | 2011-02-09 | 株式会社サクション瓦斯機関製作所 | 熱機関 |
GB2450499A (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-31 | Michele Chieffo | Bag transportation, re-use and storage system |
Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU343123A1 (ru) * | Физико технический институт низких температур Украинской ССР | Газовая установка | ||
US1460677A (en) * | 1922-05-22 | 1923-07-03 | Automatic Refrigerating Compan | Air-refrigerating machine |
US3074244A (en) * | 1961-04-12 | 1963-01-22 | Malaker Lab Inc | Miniature cryogenic engine |
US3115014A (en) * | 1962-07-30 | 1963-12-24 | Little Inc A | Method and apparatus for employing fluids in a closed cycle |
US3220201A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1965-11-30 | Little Inc A | Cryogenic refrigerator operating on the stirling cycle |
US3296808A (en) * | 1965-08-25 | 1967-01-10 | Gen Motors Corp | Heat energized refrigerator |
US3367406A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1968-02-06 | Philips Corp | Helical wound strip regenerator |
US3472037A (en) * | 1967-01-25 | 1969-10-14 | Philips Corp | Hot-gas reciprocating engine |
US3630041A (en) * | 1970-02-25 | 1971-12-28 | Philips Corp | Thermodynamic refrigerator |
US3830059A (en) * | 1971-07-28 | 1974-08-20 | J Spriggs | Heat engine |
US4511805A (en) * | 1981-07-21 | 1985-04-16 | Bertin & Cie | Convertor for thermal energy into electrical energy using Stirling motor and integral electrical generator |
US4902952A (en) * | 1985-11-20 | 1990-02-20 | British Aerospace Public Limited Company | Cooling apparatus |
-
1992
- 1992-06-24 GB GB929213350A patent/GB9213350D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-06-14 GB GB9312208A patent/GB2268257A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-06-16 EP EP93304706A patent/EP0576202A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU343123A1 (ru) * | Физико технический институт низких температур Украинской ССР | Газовая установка | ||
US1460677A (en) * | 1922-05-22 | 1923-07-03 | Automatic Refrigerating Compan | Air-refrigerating machine |
US3074244A (en) * | 1961-04-12 | 1963-01-22 | Malaker Lab Inc | Miniature cryogenic engine |
US3115014A (en) * | 1962-07-30 | 1963-12-24 | Little Inc A | Method and apparatus for employing fluids in a closed cycle |
US3367406A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1968-02-06 | Philips Corp | Helical wound strip regenerator |
US3220201A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1965-11-30 | Little Inc A | Cryogenic refrigerator operating on the stirling cycle |
US3296808A (en) * | 1965-08-25 | 1967-01-10 | Gen Motors Corp | Heat energized refrigerator |
US3472037A (en) * | 1967-01-25 | 1969-10-14 | Philips Corp | Hot-gas reciprocating engine |
US3630041A (en) * | 1970-02-25 | 1971-12-28 | Philips Corp | Thermodynamic refrigerator |
US3830059A (en) * | 1971-07-28 | 1974-08-20 | J Spriggs | Heat engine |
US4511805A (en) * | 1981-07-21 | 1985-04-16 | Bertin & Cie | Convertor for thermal energy into electrical energy using Stirling motor and integral electrical generator |
US4902952A (en) * | 1985-11-20 | 1990-02-20 | British Aerospace Public Limited Company | Cooling apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Week 7315, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 73-20249U & SU-A-343 123 (LOW TEMPS-PHYSICO-TECHNIC) * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0678716A1 (de) * | 1994-04-18 | 1995-10-25 | Jean Eggmann | Vorrichtung zum Wärmetransport durch eine Isolierwand nach dem Prinzip des Stirlingprozesses |
EP0695919A1 (de) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-07 | Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V. | Stirling-Kühlanlage |
NL9401251A (nl) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-03-01 | Hollandse Signaalapparaten Bv | Stirling-koeler. |
US5590534A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1997-01-07 | Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V. | Stirling cooler |
FR2747767A1 (fr) * | 1996-04-23 | 1997-10-24 | Cryotechnologies | Cryostat pour refroidisseur cryogenique et refroidisseurs comportant un tel cryostat |
EP0803687A1 (de) * | 1996-04-23 | 1997-10-29 | Cryotechnologies | Kryostat für Tiefsttemperatur-Kälteanlage und Kälteanlagen mit einem solchen Kryostat |
US5968637A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1999-10-19 | Thomson-Csf | Use of nitride barrier to prevent the diffusion of silver in glass |
WO2005031141A1 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-07 | Michael Cahill | A heat engine or heat pump |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9312208D0 (en) | 1993-07-28 |
GB2268257A (en) | 1994-01-05 |
GB9213350D0 (en) | 1992-08-05 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR IT NL |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19940630 |