EP0576069B1 - Verfahren zum Führen der Spannung UF eines elektrostatischen Abscheiders an der Durchschlagsgrenze - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Führen der Spannung UF eines elektrostatischen Abscheiders an der Durchschlagsgrenze Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0576069B1
EP0576069B1 EP93201715A EP93201715A EP0576069B1 EP 0576069 B1 EP0576069 B1 EP 0576069B1 EP 93201715 A EP93201715 A EP 93201715A EP 93201715 A EP93201715 A EP 93201715A EP 0576069 B1 EP0576069 B1 EP 0576069B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
time
voltage
time interval
breakdown
determined
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EP93201715A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0576069A1 (de
Inventor
Helmut Schummer
Heinrich Böcker
Ralph Hundertmark
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GEA Group AG
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Metallgesellschaft AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/68—Control systems therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for guiding the voltage U F of an electrostatic precipitator at the breakdown limit.
  • German patent application P 4111673.9 describes a method for determining the optimal number of breakdowns per unit time Ds n in an electrostatic precipitator.
  • a certain number of breakdowns per unit time Ds i is specified in n successive steps and the voltage Ui established is determined, the individual values of the breakdown voltage Ui D being determined as a function of time t.
  • German patent application P 4142501.4 describes a method for setting the target voltage UZ F after a breakdown in an electrostatic precipitator, in which the filter voltage U F is gradually increased up to the respective breakdown voltage Uj D by specifying several ignition angles ⁇ i j.
  • the filter voltage U F j is set to 70 to 85% of the target voltage UZ F j is gradually increased by a controller.
  • EP-PS 0030657 describes a method for automatically guiding the voltage of an electrostatic precipitator at the breakdown limit by increasing the filter voltage as a function of time until it breaks down and then reducing it as a function of breakdown. In this method, it is provided to continuously scan the breakdown limit in a time-dependent manner, driving as close as possible to the breakdown limit and at the same time keeping the number of breakdowns required for driving at this limit within predetermined limits.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for guiding the voltage U F of an electrostatic precipitator at the breakdown limit, in which the breakdown limit is scanned depending on the process taking into account the course of the breakdown voltage curve.
  • Dry and wet electrostatic precipitators can be used as electrostatic separators. After a breakdown, the voltage of the electrostatic precipitator drops to a lower limit, the residual voltage U R.
  • the target voltage UZ F is to be understood as the voltage which is subsequently set in the electrostatic separator based on the residual voltage U R.
  • the target voltage UZ F is usually 80 to 99% of the breakdown voltage of the immediately preceding breakdown.
  • the target voltage UZ F can be determined by a person skilled in the art on the basis of his experience, or can be determined using the method for setting the target voltage UZ F , which is described in German patent application P 4142501.4.
  • the optimal number of breakdowns per unit time Ds n is to be understood as the number of breakdowns per unit time whose specification specifies the greatest efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the optimum number of discharges per unit of time Ds n for example, determined by the method for determining the optimum number of discharges per unit of time Ds n, which is described in the German patent application P 4111673.9.
  • the time interval ⁇ t n is to be understood as the time interval with the expiration of which follows. Operating time t B ends.
  • the method according to the invention can be used to scan the breakdown limit depending on the process, so that fluctuations in the exhaust gas with regard to the temperature and concentration of the pollutants are taken into account.
  • Fig. 1 shows the breakdown voltage and the voltage U F of the electrostatic precipitator as a function of time t.
  • Fig. 2 shows a falling breakdown voltage and the voltage U F of the electrostatic precipitator as a function of time t.
  • FIG. 3 shows a simplified illustration of FIG. 1.
  • Example 4 shows the course of the breakdown voltage curve and the voltage U F of the electrostatic precipitator as a function of the time t according to Example 1.
  • Example 5 shows the course of the breakdown voltage curve and the voltage U F of the electrostatic precipitator as a function of the time t according to Example 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows the breakdown voltage as a function of time t in the form of the breakdown voltage curve (1) and the voltage U F (2) of the electrostatic precipitator as functions of time t.
  • a subsequent operating time t B becomes a previously determined optimal number of carbon breakdowns per unit time Ds n , the subsequent operating time t B being divided into n time intervals ⁇ t i .
  • the aim is that a breakdown occurs in every time interval ⁇ t i .
  • the target voltage UZ F is maintained until there is a first breakdown D1, as shown in Fig. 1. Then the voltage U F suddenly drops to a residual voltage U R.
  • the voltage U F (2) of the electrostatic precipitator is increased to a newly determined target voltage Z 1 and kept at the target voltage Z 1 until a second breakdown D 2 occurs.
  • the voltage U F (2) of the electrostatic separator is then raised to a newly determined target voltage Z 2.
  • two breakdowns D 1 and D 2 have been set in the first two time intervals ⁇ t 1 and ⁇ t 2, which corresponds to a relatively optimal profile of the voltage U F (2) of the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the slope of the breakdown voltage curve (1) shown is 0 or less than 0.
  • the individual designations Z i for the target voltages Z i set again during the operating time t B were not entered in FIG. 2 for reasons of clarity.
  • the voltage U F (2) of the electrostatic precipitator suddenly drops from the set target voltage UZ F at the first breakdown D1 to the residual voltage U R.
  • the voltage U F (2) of the electrostatic precipitator is increased to a new target voltage Z 1 and kept constant until the second breakdown D 2 occurs.
  • there are three breakthroughs D2 to D4 within the second time interval ⁇ t2 so that after the time T2 of the second time interval ⁇ t2 a total of four breakthroughs have been realized, but only two time intervals of the operating time t B have expired.
  • the third time interval ⁇ t3 must be increased in comparison to the respectively the same-sized time intervals ⁇ t1 and ⁇ t2, where: An extension of the time interval ⁇ t3 is necessary because the number of breakthroughs D * 2 realized in the second time interval ⁇ t2 is to be given as 3, that is to say neither assumes the value 1 nor the value 0.
  • FIG. 3 the course of the breakdown voltage curve (1) and the voltage U F (2) of the electrostatic precipitator as a function of time t according to FIG. 1 is shown in simplified form, with the sudden voltage drops to the residual voltage U R not for reasons of clarity were entered. 3 was also chosen for FIGS. 4 to 6, which relate to the examples described below.
  • the procedure for carrying the voltage U F of an electrostatic precipitator at the breakdown limit is as follows: After setting a determined target voltage UZ F after a breakdown in the electrostatic separator, the electrostatic separator is operated during an operating time t B which is determined from a previously determined optimal number of breakdowns per unit time Ds n .
  • the operating time t B is divided into n time intervals ⁇ t i , the size of which is selected so that the previously determined optimal number of breakdowns per unit time Ds n can be achieved. In practice, this requires a course of the breakdown voltage curve, which was also used as a basis for determining the optimal number of breakdowns per unit time Ds n .
  • the course of the breakdown voltage curve can change, so that a corresponding process-dependent correction must be made by changing the individual time intervals ⁇ t i .
  • the first time interval ⁇ t 1 is always set as the reciprocal of the optimal number of breakthroughs per unit time Ds n .
  • a time interval is selected as the second time interval .DELTA.t2, which is identical to the first time interval .DELTA.t1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • a time interval must be selected as the second time interval ⁇ t 2 that is greater than the first time interval ⁇ t 1.
  • Such a case is shown in Fig. 2 for the time intervals ⁇ t2 and ⁇ t3.
  • an optimal number of breakthroughs per unit time Ds n is determined and a new subsequent operating time t B is determined therefrom, which is also divided into n time intervals ⁇ t i .
  • the case can occur that the optimal number of breakdowns D is realized before the last time interval ⁇ t n . This can be done for example in the third time interval ⁇ t3 or in the fourth time interval ⁇ t ⁇ . Furthermore, the case may occur that the optimal number of breakthroughs D is exceeded before the end of the last time interval ⁇ t n by realized breakthroughs. In both cases, the optimal number of breakthroughs per unit time Ds n can no longer be realized, so that the method before the subsequent operating time t B expires immediately after the occurrence of one of these two cases. The method is then started again in a corresponding manner on the basis of a newly determined number of breakthroughs per time unit DS n .
  • Ds n 10/300 sec.
  • the operating time t B is 300 seconds.
  • D * 1 0.
  • the voltage U F is therefore increased up to the breakdown limit, so that it becomes process independent Punch comes.
  • D * 1 0, 30 seconds are also set for the second time interval ⁇ t 2.
  • the third time interval ⁇ t3 must be chosen larger than the second time interval ⁇ t2.
  • the following applies to the time interval ⁇ t3: In the third time interval ⁇ t3 8 breakdowns are realized, so that: D * 3 8.
  • the fourth time interval ⁇ t4 must be chosen larger than the third time interval ⁇ t3.
  • the slope of the breakdown voltage curve (1) is always negative. This means that for all D * i : D * i ⁇ 0, which means that the voltage U F of the electrostatic precipitator does not have to be increased to the breakdown limit during the operating time t B.
  • the optimal number of breakthroughs D of 30 has already been achieved.
  • the fourth time interval ⁇ t4 is not the time interval ⁇ t n .
  • the optimal number of breakthroughs D was realized before the start of the time interval ⁇ t n , and that the optimal number of breakthroughs per unit time Ds n can no longer be achieved.
  • the process must therefore be stopped and restarted before the subsequent operating time t B of 300 seconds.
  • T N when the optimal number of carbon breakdowns D of 30 has already been realized in the fourth time interval ⁇ t4, an optimal number of carbon breakdowns per unit time Ds n is again determined and the resulting further operating time t B is determined. Table 2 gives more information regarding the times and the number of breakthroughs.
  • the third time interval ⁇ t3 must be extended.
  • the following applies to the third time interval ⁇ t3: Within the third time interval ⁇ t3, 4 breakdowns are also realized, so that: D * 4 4.
  • the fourth time interval ⁇ t4 which must therefore be chosen larger than the third time interval ⁇ t3, the following applies: Since 7 breakdowns are realized in the fourth time interval ⁇ t ⁇ , the following results for the fifth time interval ⁇ t5: A breakdown is realized within the fifth time interval ⁇ t5, so that 18.3 seconds are also defined for the sixth time interval ⁇ t6. Further information on times and numbers of carbon breakdowns can be found in Table 3. After ten fixed time intervals ⁇ t i , the operating time t B has expired. After the optimum number of runs per time unit Ds n has been determined again, a further subsequent operating time t B is determined again and the method for carrying the voltage U F of an electrostatic precipitator at the breakdown limit is continued accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
EP93201715A 1992-06-24 1993-06-15 Verfahren zum Führen der Spannung UF eines elektrostatischen Abscheiders an der Durchschlagsgrenze Expired - Lifetime EP0576069B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4220658A DE4220658C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-06-24 1992-06-24
DE4220658 1992-06-24

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EP0576069A1 EP0576069A1 (de) 1993-12-29
EP0576069B1 true EP0576069B1 (de) 1995-06-21

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EP93201715A Expired - Lifetime EP0576069B1 (de) 1992-06-24 1993-06-15 Verfahren zum Führen der Spannung UF eines elektrostatischen Abscheiders an der Durchschlagsgrenze

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EP (1) EP0576069B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE123973T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE4220658C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19511442C1 (de) * 1995-03-30 1996-03-07 Babcock Anlagen Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektrostatischen Abscheiders
JP3210595B2 (ja) * 1997-03-24 2001-09-17 株式会社ゼクセルヴァレオクライメートコントロール 電気集塵器の制御装置
CN111570092B (zh) * 2020-04-15 2022-04-12 浙江大维高新技术股份有限公司 一种转炉煤气净化系统用高压电源控制方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2949764A1 (de) * 1979-12-11 1981-07-02 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum selbsttaetigen fuehren der spannung eines elektrofilters an der durchschlagsgrenze
DE3015275A1 (de) * 1980-04-21 1981-10-22 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum selbsttaetigen fuehren der spannung eines elektrofilters an der durchschlagsgrenze
DE4111673C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1991-04-10 1992-07-02 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De

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DE59300281D1 (de) 1995-07-27
DE4220658C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-03-18
ATE123973T1 (de) 1995-07-15
EP0576069A1 (de) 1993-12-29

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