EP0571750B1 - Screw press - Google Patents
Screw press Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0571750B1 EP0571750B1 EP93105898A EP93105898A EP0571750B1 EP 0571750 B1 EP0571750 B1 EP 0571750B1 EP 93105898 A EP93105898 A EP 93105898A EP 93105898 A EP93105898 A EP 93105898A EP 0571750 B1 EP0571750 B1 EP 0571750B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- conveying direction
- cams
- cam
- screw press
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/121—Screw constructions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a screw press for pressing liquids from vegetable material, in particular from oilseeds, with a screw and a liquid-permeable jacket surrounding the screw, in particular a colander, the screw shaft and the jacket between them a screw channel with a decreasing cross section in the conveying direction of the screw form, and in the screw channel at least one throttle point for the zone-wise build-up of high pressure and in the conveying direction behind the throttle point a cross-sectional expansion for at least partial reduction of the high pressure are provided.
- the invention relates to a method for squeezing liquids from vegetable material, in particular from oilseeds by means of a screw press, in which the squeezing is carried out by subjecting the material to a pressure increasing in the conveying direction of the screw, briefly strongly compressed at at least one throttle point, then at least partially relaxed again and then further compressed.
- Screw presses are used in various processes to remove liquids from a variety of materials such as oilseeds.
- Such screw presses are known for example from DE-C-29 15 538 and FR-A-2 263 884. These essentially include a snail and a perforated shell surrounding it, for example a colander.
- the shell and the worm or the worm shaft form between them a worm channel, which is in a known manner tapered from the feed side in the conveying direction of the screw. This takes place in several stages by increasing the diameter of the worm shaft from stage to stage, but keeping the inside diameter of the shell constant, so that the cross section of the worm channel is reduced.
- Throttling points are provided between the individual stages, in which a high pressure is built up in some areas, which is then at least partially reduced again for the subsequent compression stage.
- material is fed into the screw channel on the feed side via a filler neck.
- the material is conveyed by the screw in the longitudinal direction of the screw channel, wherein it is compressed in several stages towards the outlet side, liquid is squeezed out of the material and is released to the outside through the openings in the lateral surface.
- the material cake is subjected to high compression over a very short distance.
- the pressure is then at least partially reduced again by expanding the cross section again.
- the initial cross-section of the next stage in the conveying direction is smaller than the screw cross-section at the end of the previous stage. In the area of the choke point, no spiral surfaces are provided for conveying the cake.
- stripping fingers are provided in the individual compression stages, which protrude through the casing into the screw channel. With these scraper fingers, the cake is stripped from the screw shaft and also cut open in the longitudinal direction of the screw channel.
- the screw press according to FR-A-2 263 884 has the Auger shaft sensor in the form of pivotable flaps, the sensors serving to detect the state of the compressibility of the conveyed material based on their respective inclination.
- a screw press is known (DE-A-26 33 524), in which recesses are provided in those spiral surfaces of the screw which are located near the filler neck. These are used to cut long-fiber material before it is compressed to make liquids.
- US-A-3 111 080 discloses a screw press, on the screw shaft of which toothed rings are provided, which are intended to detach the fibers from wood chips. This does not cause the material to be broken open or cut open.
- the object of the present invention is now to provide a screw press for pressing liquids or a method for pressing liquids with which a higher efficiency can be achieved, i.e. more liquid can be squeezed out on the same press length.
- the task outlined above is achieved in a screw press in that at least one cam is provided in the screw channel in the area of at least one of the existing throttling points and can be moved transversely to the conveying direction of the screw and is designed such that it causes the material to be broken open or cut open.
- the cam By moving the cam transversely to the conveying direction of the screw, the material cake transported in the conveying direction of the screw is broken up or cut open into relatively small pieces.
- this cutting takes place in the area of the throttle point, ie in the area of high pressure or immediately afterwards. The parts then shoot into the subsequent relaxation zone, ie the area with a larger cross section. It has been shown that cutting the cake in this area can significantly improve the efficiency of a screw press.
- To cut the cake it is of course not necessary for the direction of movement to be exactly transverse, ie at right angles to the direction of conveyance, but it is sufficient if the direction of movement of the cam has a component which is transverse to the direction of conveyance.
- cams in the area of the throttle point so that the material can be cut into smaller pieces.
- These cams can be at one level with respect to the conveying direction. However, they can also be arranged offset to one another in the conveying direction.
- the cams can advantageously be provided in the region of the greatest pressure of the respective throttle point, i.e. in the area where the cross-section of the screw channel is the smallest.
- the cam or cams is or are arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the worm shaft.
- the cams are automatically rotated with the worm or worm shaft, so that another device is not necessary to actuate the cams.
- the object on which the invention is based is further achieved in a method for squeezing liquids in that the material in the area of at least one of the throttling points is broken up or cut open with the aid of at least one cam moving transversely to the conveying direction of the line.
- the breaking or cutting can take place in the area of the greatest pressure.
- the screw press includes a screw (1) which is arranged within a casing (2) and can be rotated about its longitudinal axis in the casing.
- the worm (1) is not made in one piece, but consists of a worm shaft (3) and a plurality of worm segments (4) which are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the worm shaft (3) and have helical helical surfaces (5).
- the screw segments (4) are non-rotatably connected to the screw shaft (3).
- a plurality of throttling points (7, 8, 9) are provided in the screw channel (6) at a distance from one another in the conveying direction. In the area of these throttling points, the conveying cross section of the screw channel (6) is considerably reduced over a short distance, so that a high pressure is built up here.
- Such a throttling point can be achieved by reducing the inside diameter of the casing (2), as shown in the left throttling point (7) in the drawing, or by increasing the outside diameter of the screw (1), as in the others Throttling points (8, 9) is shown.
- the throttling points (8, 9) have the lowest in the area Conveying cross section on cams (10) which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of a cam ring (11, 12) which is connected to the worm shaft (3) in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the cam rings (11, 12) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the screw shaft (3), so that when the screw shaft (3) rotates, the cams (10) are also rotated in the circumferential direction of the screw channel (6).
- the conveying cross section of the screw channel (6) is widened before the conveying cross section is reduced again.
- the cake which is moved in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the screw channel (6), is cut into small pieces by the cams (10) rotating with the throttle segment (8, 9). Subsequently, the high pressure built up by the throttling points (8, 9) is at least partially reduced again by widening the cross section, so that the cut cake disintegrates into small pieces. The cake is then compressed again for further pressing of liquid.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schneckenpresse zum Abpressen von Flüssigkeiten aus pflanzlichem Material, insbesondere aus Ölsaaten, mit einer Schnecke und einem die Schnecke umgebenden flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Mantel, insbesondere einem Seiher, wobei die Schneckenwelle und der Mantel zwischen sich einen Schneckenkanal mit in Förderrichtung der Schnecke abnehmendem Querschnitt bilden, und in dem Schneckenkanal mindestens eine Drosselstelle zum zonenweisen Aufbau hohen Drucks sowie in Förderrichtung hinter der Drosselstelle eine Querschnittserweiterung zum zumindest teilweisen Abbau des hohen Drucks vorgesehen sind. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Abpressen von Flüssigkeiten aus pflanzlichem Material, insbesondere aus Ölsaaten mittels einer Schneckenpresse, bei dem das Abpressen erfolgt, indem das Material einem in Förderrichtung der Schnecke ansteigenden Druck unterworfen, an wenigstens einer Drosselstelle kurzzeitig stark komprimiert, anschließend zumindest teilweise wieder entspannt und dann weiter komprimiert wird.The present invention relates to a screw press for pressing liquids from vegetable material, in particular from oilseeds, with a screw and a liquid-permeable jacket surrounding the screw, in particular a colander, the screw shaft and the jacket between them a screw channel with a decreasing cross section in the conveying direction of the screw form, and in the screw channel at least one throttle point for the zone-wise build-up of high pressure and in the conveying direction behind the throttle point a cross-sectional expansion for at least partial reduction of the high pressure are provided. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for squeezing liquids from vegetable material, in particular from oilseeds by means of a screw press, in which the squeezing is carried out by subjecting the material to a pressure increasing in the conveying direction of the screw, briefly strongly compressed at at least one throttle point, then at least partially relaxed again and then further compressed.
Schneckenpressen werden bei verschiedenen Verfahren verwendet, um Flüssigkeiten aus vielfältigen Materialien wie beispielsweise Ölsaaten zu entfernen. Solche Schneckenpressen sind beispielsweise aus der DE-C-29 15 538 und FR-A-2 263 884 bekannt. Zu diesen gehören im wesentlichen eine Schnecke und ein diese umschließender perforierter Mantel, beispielsweise ein Seiher. Der Mantel und die Schnecke bzw. die Schneckenwelle bilden zwischen sich einen Schneckenkanal, der sich in bekannter Weise von der Zuführseite in Förderrichtung der Schnecke verjüngt. Dies erfolgt in mehreren Stufen, indem von Stufe zu Stufe der Durchmesser der Schneckenwelle vergrößert, der Innendurchmesser des Mantels jedoch konstant gehalten wird, so daß sich der Querschnitt des Schneckenkanals verkleinert. Somit wird in dem zu fördernden und abzupressenden Materialkuchen von Stufe zu Stufe ein höherer Druck aufgebaut. Zwischen den einzelnen Stufen sind Drosselstellen vorgesehen, in denen bereichsweise ein hoher Druck aufgebaut wird, der dann zur nachfolgenden Kompressionsstufe zumindest teilweise wieder abgebaut wird.Screw presses are used in various processes to remove liquids from a variety of materials such as oilseeds. Such screw presses are known for example from DE-C-29 15 538 and FR-A-2 263 884. These essentially include a snail and a perforated shell surrounding it, for example a colander. The shell and the worm or the worm shaft form between them a worm channel, which is in a known manner tapered from the feed side in the conveying direction of the screw. This takes place in several stages by increasing the diameter of the worm shaft from stage to stage, but keeping the inside diameter of the shell constant, so that the cross section of the worm channel is reduced. Thus, a higher pressure is built up in the material cake to be conveyed and squeezed from level to level. Throttling points are provided between the individual stages, in which a high pressure is built up in some areas, which is then at least partially reduced again for the subsequent compression stage.
Im Betrieb der zuvor beschriebenen Schneckenpressen wird Material an der Zuführseite über einen Einfüllstutzen in den Schneckenkanal gegeben. Das Material wird durch die Schnecke in Längsrichtung des Schneckenkanals gefördert, wobei es zur Auslaßseite hin in mehreren Stufen verdichtet, aus dem Material Flüssigkeit ausgepreßt und durch die Öffnungen in der Mantelfläche hindurch nach außen abgegeben wird. An den Drosselstellen, die sowohl zwischen zwei Stufen als auch innerhalb einer Stufe angeordnet sein können, wird der Materialkuchen auf sehr kurzer Strecke einer hohen Verdichtung unterworfen. Anschließend wird der Druck zumindest teilweise wieder abgebaut, indem der Querschnitt wieder erweitert wird. Hierbei ist der Anfangsquerschnitt der in Förderrichtung nachfolgenden Stufe jeweils geringer als der Schneckenquerschnitt am Ende der vorangehenden Stufe. Im Bereich der Drosselstelle sind keine Wendelflächen zur Förderung des Kuchens vorgesehen.In the operation of the screw presses described above, material is fed into the screw channel on the feed side via a filler neck. The material is conveyed by the screw in the longitudinal direction of the screw channel, wherein it is compressed in several stages towards the outlet side, liquid is squeezed out of the material and is released to the outside through the openings in the lateral surface. At the throttling points, which can be arranged between two stages as well as within one stage, the material cake is subjected to high compression over a very short distance. The pressure is then at least partially reduced again by expanding the cross section again. The initial cross-section of the next stage in the conveying direction is smaller than the screw cross-section at the end of the previous stage. In the area of the choke point, no spiral surfaces are provided for conveying the cake.
Bei der Schneckenpresse gemäß der DE-C-29 15 538 sind in den einzelnen Kompressionsstufen Abstreiffinger vorgesehen, die durch den Mantel in den Schneckenkanal hineinragen. Mit diesen Abstreiffingern wird der Kuchen von der Schneckenwelle abgestreift und in Längsrichtung des Schneckenkanals auch aufgeschnitten.In the screw press according to DE-C-29 15 538, stripping fingers are provided in the individual compression stages, which protrude through the casing into the screw channel. With these scraper fingers, the cake is stripped from the screw shaft and also cut open in the longitudinal direction of the screw channel.
Die Schneckenpresse gemäß der FR-A-2 263 884 weist auf der Schneckenwelle Fühler in Form von schwenkbaren Klappen auf, wobei die Fühler dazu dienen, aufgrund ihrer jeweiligen Neigung den Zustand der Verpreßbarkeit des geförderten Materials zu erfassen.The screw press according to FR-A-2 263 884 has the Auger shaft sensor in the form of pivotable flaps, the sensors serving to detect the state of the compressibility of the conveyed material based on their respective inclination.
Desweiteren ist eine Schneckenpresse bekannt (DE-A-26 33 524), bei der in denjenigen Wendelflächen der Schnecke, die sich nahe des Einfüllstutzens befinden, Ausnehmungen vorgesehen sind. Diese dienen dazu, langfasriges Material zu zerschneiden, bevor es zum Abpressen von Flüssigkeiten komprimiert wird.Furthermore, a screw press is known (DE-A-26 33 524), in which recesses are provided in those spiral surfaces of the screw which are located near the filler neck. These are used to cut long-fiber material before it is compressed to make liquids.
Bei einer weiteren bekannten Schneckenpresse (DE-A-27 51 703) sind Drosselstellen nicht nur zwischen zwei Stufen, sondern auch innerhalb einer Stufe vorgesehen. Bei dieser Schneckenpresse wird der Materialkuchen nach dem Aufbau eines hohen Drucks in der Drosselstelle und dem nachfolgenden teilweisen Abbau des hohen Drucks aufgebrochen und umgeschichtet, bevor er in einer nachfolgenden Stufe weiter komprimiert wird. Der Wirkungsgrad dieser Schneckenpresse ist jedoch immer noch relativ gering.In another known screw press (DE-A-27 51 703), throttling points are provided not only between two stages, but also within one stage. In this screw press, the material cake is broken up and rearranged after the build-up of high pressure in the throttle point and the subsequent partial release of the high pressure, before it is further compressed in a subsequent stage. However, the efficiency of this screw press is still relatively low.
In der US-A-3 111 080 ist eine Schneckenpresse offenbart, auf deren Schneckenwelle gezahnte Ringe vorgesehen sind, die ein Ablösen der Fasern von Holzspänen bezwecken sollen. Ein Aufbrechen bzw. Aufschneiden des Materials wird hierdurch nicht bewirkt.US-A-3 111 080 discloses a screw press, on the screw shaft of which toothed rings are provided, which are intended to detach the fibers from wood chips. This does not cause the material to be broken open or cut open.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es nun, eine Schneckenpresse zum Abpressen von Flüssigkeiten bzw. ein Verfahren zum Abpressen von Flüssigkeiten anzugeben, mit dem ein höherer Wirkungsgrad erzielt werden, d.h. auf gleicher Pressenlänge mehr Flüssigkeit abgepreßt werden kann.The object of the present invention is now to provide a screw press for pressing liquids or a method for pressing liquids with which a higher efficiency can be achieved, i.e. more liquid can be squeezed out on the same press length.
Die zuvor aufgezeigte Aufgabe ist bei einer Schneckenpresse dadurch gelöst, daß in dem Schneckenkanal im Bereich mindestens einer der vorhandenen Drosselstellen wenigstens ein Nocken vorgesehen ist, der quer zur Förderrichtung der Schnecke bewegbar und derart gestaltet ist, daß er ein Aufbrechen bzw. Aufschneiden des Materials bewirkt. Durch die Bewegung des Nockens quer zur Förderrichtung der Schnecke wird der in Förderrichtung der Schnecke transportierte Materialkuchen in relativ kleine Stücke aufgebrochen bzw. aufgeschnitten. Dieses Aufschneiden erfolgt im Gegensatz zum bekannten Stand der Technik im Bereich der Drosselstelle, d.h. im Bereich hohen Drucks oder unmittelbar anschließend. Die Teile schießen dann in die sich anschließende Entspannungszone, d.h. dem Bereich größeren Querschnitts, hinein. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß durch ein Aufschneiden des Kuchens in diesem Bereich der Wirkungsgrad einer Schneckenpresse erheblich verbessert werden kann. Für ein Aufschneiden des Kuchens ist es hierbei selbstverständlich nicht erforderlich, daß die Bewegungsrichtung exakt quer, d.h. rechtwinklig zur Förderrichtung erfolgt, sondern es reicht aus, wenn die Bewegungsrichtung des Nockens eine Komponente aufweist, die quer zur Förderrichtung verläuft.The task outlined above is achieved in a screw press in that at least one cam is provided in the screw channel in the area of at least one of the existing throttling points and can be moved transversely to the conveying direction of the screw and is designed such that it causes the material to be broken open or cut open. By moving the cam transversely to the conveying direction of the screw, the material cake transported in the conveying direction of the screw is broken up or cut open into relatively small pieces. In contrast to the known prior art, this cutting takes place in the area of the throttle point, ie in the area of high pressure or immediately afterwards. The parts then shoot into the subsequent relaxation zone, ie the area with a larger cross section. It has been shown that cutting the cake in this area can significantly improve the efficiency of a screw press. To cut the cake, it is of course not necessary for the direction of movement to be exactly transverse, ie at right angles to the direction of conveyance, but it is sufficient if the direction of movement of the cam has a component which is transverse to the direction of conveyance.
In Ausbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, im Bereich der Drosselstelle gleich mehrere solcher beweglichen Nocken vorzusehen, um so das Material in kleinere Stücke aufschneiden zu können. Diese Nocken können bezogen zur Förderrichtung auf einer Höhe liegen. Sie können jedoch auch in Förderichtung versetzt zueinander angeordnet sein.In an embodiment of the invention it is provided to provide several such movable cams in the area of the throttle point so that the material can be cut into smaller pieces. These cams can be at one level with respect to the conveying direction. However, they can also be arranged offset to one another in the conveying direction.
In vorteilhafter Weise können die Nocken im Bereich des größten Drucks der jeweiligen Drosselstelle vorgesehen sein, d.h. in dem Bereich, in dem der Querschnitt des Schneckenkanals am geringsten ist. Von der Lehre der Erfindung wird jedoch auch dann Gebrauch gemacht, wenn der bzw. die Nocken erst dort angeordnet werden, wo der Druck geringer wird.The cams can advantageously be provided in the region of the greatest pressure of the respective throttle point, i.e. in the area where the cross-section of the screw channel is the smallest. However, use is also made of the teaching of the invention if the cam or cams are only arranged where the pressure becomes lower.
In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß der oder die Nocken an der Schneckenwelle drehfest angeordnet ist bzw. sind. Hierdurch werden die Nocken mit der Schnecke bzw. Schneckenwelle automatisch mitgedreht, so daß eine weitere Vorrichtung zum Betätigen der Nocken nicht notwendig ist. Um die Anordnung der Nocken an der Welle zu vereinfachen, kann es angebracht sein, einen Nockenring, der mehrere Nocken trägt, mit der Schneckenwelle drehfest zu verbinden.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the cam or cams is or are arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the worm shaft. As a result, the cams are automatically rotated with the worm or worm shaft, so that another device is not necessary to actuate the cams. In order to simplify the arrangement of the cams on the shaft, it may be appropriate to connect a cam ring, which carries several cams, to the worm shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe ist bei einem Verfahren zum Abpressen von Flüssigkeiten weiterhin dadurch gelöst, daß das Material im Bereich mindestens einer der Drosselstellen mit Hilfe wenigstens eines sich quer zur Förderrichtung der Strecke bewegenden Nockens in Teilstücke aufgebrochen bzw. aufgeschnitten wird. Dabei kann das Aufbrechen bzw. -schneiden im Bereich des größten Drucks erfolgen. Die sich hieraus ergebenden Vorteile sind bereits zuvor erläutert worden.The object on which the invention is based is further achieved in a method for squeezing liquids in that the material in the area of at least one of the throttling points is broken up or cut open with the aid of at least one cam moving transversely to the conveying direction of the line. The breaking or cutting can take place in the area of the greatest pressure. The advantages resulting from this have already been explained above.
Nachfolgend soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. In der Zeichnung zeigt die einzige Figur einen Längsschnitt durch eine Schneckenpresse.An exemplary embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In the drawing, the only figure shows a longitudinal section through a screw press.
Zu der Schneckenpresse gehört eine Schnecke (1), die innerhalb eines Mantels (2) angeordnet und in diesem um ihre Längsachse drehbar ist. Die Schnecke (1) ist nicht einteilig ausgeführt, sondern besteht aus einer Schneckenwelle (3) und einer Mehrzahl von Schneckensegmenten (4), die in Axialrichtung der Schneckenwelle (3) hintereinander angeordnet sind und schraubenförmige Wendelflächen (5) aufweisen. Die Schneckensegmente (4) sind drehfest mit der Schneckenwelle (3) verbunden.The screw press includes a screw (1) which is arranged within a casing (2) and can be rotated about its longitudinal axis in the casing. The worm (1) is not made in one piece, but consists of a worm shaft (3) and a plurality of worm segments (4) which are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the worm shaft (3) and have helical helical surfaces (5). The screw segments (4) are non-rotatably connected to the screw shaft (3).
Die Innenseite des Mantels (2) und die Außenseite der Schnecke (1), d.h. der Schneckensegmente (4) bilden zwischen sich einen Schneckenkanal (6), dessen Förderquerschnitt in Förderrichtung der Schnecke (1), die in der Figur durch einen Pfeil angedeutet ist, abnimmt. Dies erfolgt in bekannter Weise dadurch, daß der Außendurchmesser der Schnecke vom Einlaßende zum Auslaßende hin zunimmt und der Innendurchmesser des Mantels (2) in Förderrichtung abnimmt.The inside of the shell (2) and the outside of the screw (1), i.e. the screw segments (4) form between them a screw channel (6), the cross section of which decreases in the conveying direction of the screw (1), which is indicated in the figure by an arrow. This takes place in a known manner in that the outside diameter of the screw increases from the inlet end to the outlet end and the inside diameter of the casing (2) decreases in the conveying direction.
Im Schneckenkanal (6) sind in Förderrichtung beabstandet voneinander mehrere Drosselstellen (7, 8, 9) vorgesehen. Im Bereich dieser Drosselstellen reduziert sich der Förderquerschnitt des Schneckenkanals (6) auf kurzer Strecke erheblich, so daß hier ein hoher Druck aufgebaut wird. Eine solche Drosselstelle kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß, wie bei der in der Zeichnung linken Drosselstelle (7) gezeigt ist, der Innendurchmesser des Mantels (2) reduziert wird, oder indem der Außendurchmesser der Schnecke (1) vergrößert wird, wie bei den anderen Drosselstellen (8, 9) dargestellt ist. Die Drosselstellen (8, 9) weisen in dem Bereich geringsten Förderquerschnitts Nocken (10) auf, die in Umfangsrichtung eines mit der Schneckenwelle (3) drehfest verbundenen Nockenrings (11, 12) beabstandet voneinander angeordnet sind. Die Nockenringe (11, 12) sind wie auch die Schneckensegmente (4) drehfest mit der Schneckenwelle (3) verbunden, so daß bei einer Drehung der Schneckenwelle (3) die Nocken (10) in Umfangsrichtung des Schneckenkanals (6) mitgedreht werden. In der Figur ist erkennbar, daß im Anschluß an den Bereich geringsten Förderquerschnitts, in dem sich die Nocken (10) befinden, der Förderquerschnitt des Schneckenkanals (6) aufgeweitet wird, bevor wieder eine Verringerung des Förderquerschnitts stattfindet.A plurality of throttling points (7, 8, 9) are provided in the screw channel (6) at a distance from one another in the conveying direction. In the area of these throttling points, the conveying cross section of the screw channel (6) is considerably reduced over a short distance, so that a high pressure is built up here. Such a throttling point can be achieved by reducing the inside diameter of the casing (2), as shown in the left throttling point (7) in the drawing, or by increasing the outside diameter of the screw (1), as in the others Throttling points (8, 9) is shown. The throttling points (8, 9) have the lowest in the area Conveying cross section on cams (10) which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of a cam ring (11, 12) which is connected to the worm shaft (3) in a rotationally fixed manner. Like the screw segments (4), the cam rings (11, 12) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the screw shaft (3), so that when the screw shaft (3) rotates, the cams (10) are also rotated in the circumferential direction of the screw channel (6). In the figure it can be seen that following the area of the smallest conveying cross section in which the cams (10) are located, the conveying cross section of the screw channel (6) is widened before the conveying cross section is reduced again.
Im Betrieb der Schneckenpresse wird durch einen Einfüllstutzen (13) am Eingang der Schnecke (1) Material in den Schneckenkanal (6) eingefüllt. Dieses wird bei einer Drehbewegung der Schnecke (1) durch die schraubenförmigen Wendelflächen (5) in Längsrichtung des Schneckenkanals (6) transportiert. Durch die kontinuierliche Verringerung des Querschnitts des Schneckenkanals (6) wird das eingefüllte Material zum Ausgangsende der Schneckenpresse hin immer weiter komprimiert, wobei Flüssigkeit aus dem Material abgepreßt wird und durch den als Seiher ausgebildeten Mantel (2) nach außen gelangt, wo sie in einem nicht weiter dargestellten Becken aufgefangen wird. Im Bereich der Drosselstellen (8, 9) verringert sich der Förderquerschnitt des Schneckenkanals (6) auf kurzer Distanz erheblich, so daß hier in dem Materialkuchen ein hoher Druck aufgebaut wird. Im Bereich des höchsten Druckes wird der in Längsrichtung des Schneckenkanals (6) geradlinig bewegte Kuchen durch die mit dem Drosselsegmant (8, 9) mitdrehenden Nocken (10) in kleine Stücke zerschnitten. Anschließend wird der durch die Drosselstellen (8, 9) aufgebaute hohe Druck durch eine Querschnittserweiterung zumindest teilweise wieder abgebaut, so daß der zerschnittene Kuchen in kleine Stücke zerfällt. Anschließend wird der Kuchen zum weiteren Abpressen von Flüssigkeit wieder komprimiert.During operation of the screw press, material is filled into the screw channel (6) through a filler neck (13) at the entrance of the screw (1). When the screw (1) rotates, it is transported through the helical helical surfaces (5) in the longitudinal direction of the screw channel (6). Due to the continuous reduction in the cross section of the screw channel (6), the filled material is compressed further and further towards the exit end of the screw press, liquid being pressed out of the material and passing outside through the jacket (2) designed as a strainer, where it is not in one further illustrated basin is collected. In the area of the throttling points (8, 9), the conveying cross section of the screw channel (6) is considerably reduced over a short distance, so that a high pressure is built up in the material cake. In the area of the highest pressure, the cake, which is moved in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the screw channel (6), is cut into small pieces by the cams (10) rotating with the throttle segment (8, 9). Subsequently, the high pressure built up by the throttling points (8, 9) is at least partially reduced again by widening the cross section, so that the cut cake disintegrates into small pieces. The cake is then compressed again for further pressing of liquid.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß durch das starke Komprimieren im Bereich der Drosselstellen, Zerschneiden des Kuchens im Bereich des höchsten Druckes, teilweise Abbauen des Druckes und anschließendes Wiederkomprimieren ein hoher Wirkungsgrad der Maschine erreicht wird.It has been shown that strong compression in the area of the throttling points, cutting of the cake in the area of the highest pressure, partial release of the pressure and subsequent recompression achieve a high degree of efficiency of the machine.
Claims (9)
- Screw press for pressing liquids from vegetable material, in particular from oil seed, having a screw (1) and having a liquid-permeable casing (2), in particular a strainer, which encloses the screw (1), the screw shaft (3) and the casing (2) forming between them a screw channel (6) with a cross-section which decreases in the conveying direction of the screw (1), and there being provided, in the screw channel (6), at least one restriction zone (7, 8, 9) for the zoned build-up of high pressure, and, downstream of the restriction zone (7, 8, 9) in the conveying direction, a cross-sectional widening for the at least partial reduction of the high pressure, characterized in that at least one cam (10) is provided in the screw channel (6), in the region of at least one of the restriction zones (8, 9) provided, which cam can be moved transversely with respect to the conveying direction of the screw (1) and is configured such that it causes the material to be broken up and/or cut up.
- Screw press according to Claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of cams (10) which can be moved transversely with respect to the conveying direction of the screw (1) are provided in the region of the restriction zone (8, 9).
- Screw press according to Claim 2, characterized in that the cams (10) are arranged such that they are offset with respect to one another in the conveying direction.
- Screw press according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cam or cams (10) is or are provided in the region of greatest pressure of the respective restriction zone (8, 9).
- Screw press according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cam or cams (10) is or are arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the screw shaft (3).
- Screw press according to Claim 5 and Claim 2, characterized in that the cams (10) are arranged on the screw shaft such that they are distributed in the circumferential direction.
- Screw press according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the cam or cams (10) belongs/belong to a cam ring (11) which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the screw shaft (3).
- Method of pressing liquids from vegetable material, in particular from oil seed, by means of a screw press, in the case of which method the pressing takes place in that the material which is to be pressed is subjected to a pressure rising in the conveying direction of the screw, is briefly compressed to a pronounced extent at at least one restriction zone, subsequently at least partially relieved of pressure again and is then compressed further, characterized in that the material is broken up and/or cut up into pieces in the region of at least one of the restriction zones with the aid of at least one cam moving transversely with respect to the conveying direction of the screw.
- Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the material is broken up in the region of greatest pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9207096U | 1992-05-26 | ||
| DE9207096U DE9207096U1 (en) | 1992-05-26 | 1992-05-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0571750A1 EP0571750A1 (en) | 1993-12-01 |
| EP0571750B1 true EP0571750B1 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
Family
ID=6879885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93105898A Expired - Lifetime EP0571750B1 (en) | 1992-05-26 | 1993-04-10 | Screw press |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5341730A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0571750B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE139181T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE9207096U1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK1218078T3 (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2004-05-17 | Sucher & Holzer Bauplan Handel | Process of recovering substances by a worm press |
| GB0306283D0 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2003-04-23 | Smet Rosedowns De Ltd | Improvements to rendering presses |
| US7137759B1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2006-11-21 | The Young Industries, Inc. | System and method for handling bulk materials |
| ITMO20060207A1 (en) | 2006-06-27 | 2007-12-28 | Wam Spa | AUGER TO BE USED FOR CONVEYORS, COMPACTORS AND THE LIKE. |
| AT506098B1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2011-04-15 | Andritz Ag Maschf | AUGER SURFACE |
| AT16471U1 (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-10-15 | Voith Patent Gmbh | screw Press |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE548411C (en) * | 1932-04-15 | Fried Krupp Grusonwerk Akt Ges | Screw press for moist goods | |
| US1297901A (en) * | 1917-05-07 | 1919-03-18 | James M Peerson | Compound press. |
| BE460174A (en) * | 1945-05-24 | 1945-10-31 | ||
| US3111080A (en) * | 1958-11-20 | 1963-11-19 | French Oil Mill Machinery | Screw press |
| US3645200A (en) * | 1970-02-09 | 1972-02-29 | Du Pont | Stock cutter for elastomer drying press |
| FR2263884A1 (en) * | 1974-03-15 | 1975-10-10 | Laugier Alexandre | Screw press to extract juice from fruit esp. grapes - uses single screw multi-stage controlled compression with interstage relief |
| GB1498243A (en) * | 1975-07-26 | 1978-01-18 | Simon Rosedowns Ltd | Screw presses |
| SU737240A1 (en) * | 1977-08-09 | 1980-05-30 | Харьковский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.В.И.Ленина | Press for squeezing-out vegetable oil |
| DE2751703A1 (en) * | 1977-11-19 | 1979-05-23 | Krupp Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXPRESSION OF LIQUIDS |
| FR2427194A1 (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1979-12-28 | Pb Gelatines | PERFECTED PRESS |
| DE2915538C2 (en) * | 1979-04-18 | 1982-12-02 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Method and device for extracting oil from purified oil crops and oil seeds |
| DE3150766A1 (en) * | 1980-12-09 | 1983-06-30 | Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover | Pressing-out and disintegrating device |
| SU1021634A1 (en) * | 1982-03-02 | 1983-06-07 | Харьковский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.В.И.Ленина | Press for squeezing vegetable oil from oil-containing raw materials |
| SU1381003A1 (en) * | 1985-12-04 | 1988-03-15 | Ростовский-На-Дону Институт Сельскохозяйственного Машиностроения | Juice squeezing-out press |
-
1992
- 1992-05-26 DE DE9207096U patent/DE9207096U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-04-10 EP EP93105898A patent/EP0571750B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-10 DE DE59302882T patent/DE59302882D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-04-10 AT AT93105898T patent/ATE139181T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-25 US US08/066,662 patent/US5341730A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE139181T1 (en) | 1996-06-15 |
| EP0571750A1 (en) | 1993-12-01 |
| DE59302882D1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
| DE9207096U1 (en) | 1992-08-27 |
| US5341730A (en) | 1994-08-30 |
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