EP0570738A1 - Method and device for coating hollow bodies - Google Patents

Method and device for coating hollow bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0570738A1
EP0570738A1 EP93107026A EP93107026A EP0570738A1 EP 0570738 A1 EP0570738 A1 EP 0570738A1 EP 93107026 A EP93107026 A EP 93107026A EP 93107026 A EP93107026 A EP 93107026A EP 0570738 A1 EP0570738 A1 EP 0570738A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow bodies
immersion bath
nozzles
immersed
paint
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EP93107026A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0570738B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Jörgens
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE4239680A external-priority patent/DE4239680C2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/09—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles
    • B05C3/10—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles the articles being moved through the liquid or other fluent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C7/00—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/04—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material to opposite sides of the work
    • B05C9/045—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material to opposite sides of the work in which the opposite sides of the work are the internal and external surfaces of hollow articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/12—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process characterised by the article coated
    • C25D13/14—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for coating cabbages having an opening, in particular beverage cans.
  • the immersion method, the flooding method or a spraying method can be used for painting such hollow bodies.
  • Each of these methods has certain advantages and disadvantages.
  • the largest possible plunge pools are used in the dipping process.
  • the problem arises that the hollow bodies have to be completely filled with the lacquer when immersed and without air bubbles and therefore have to be introduced with the opening upwards into the immersion bath while they are out after the treatment, ie after surfacing emptied the immersion bath again, ie must be turned with the opening downwards.
  • Such a method is e.g. B. described in European patent application 0 118 756.
  • a coating is achieved by simply flooding or sprinkling an object with the aid of an electrophoresis lacquer. It should be noted here that the speed of the overflowing lacquer is limited so as not to interfere with the formation of the coating. Furthermore, only a one-sided coating can be achieved with this, in the case of hollow bodies only the outside.
  • the invention is based, a method and a task To provide a device for coating hollow bodies in the immersion process, in which it is not necessary to turn the hollow bodies when introducing or leaving the immersion bath and with which it is possible to smooth the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow bodies evenly and in one operation coat without any disadvantageous foaming.
  • the hollow bodies are completely immersed with the opening facing downwards in an immersion bath with a lacquer, with the openings brought into the region of nozzles for the lacquer arranged in the immersion bath under the liquid surface and the air enclosed in the hollow bodies immersed in the immersion bath is at least partially displaced by the paint emerging from the nozzles.
  • the outer surface is completely wetted so that the coating takes place immediately after immersion.
  • the paint is injected into the hollow body by means of the nozzles arranged in the immersion bath under the liquid surface, at least partially displaces the enclosed air and fills the hollow body.
  • the inner surface is completely covered with a layer of lacquer, so that a complete, non-porous coating also results here.
  • a sufficiently powerful jet of liquid is created which rises to the bottom of the inner surface and displaces the trapped air.
  • the hollow bodies When removing them from the immersion bath, the hollow bodies run completely empty, since they continue to point downward with the openings, unnecessary paint drips off, after which the coated hollow bodies undergo a further, conventional treatment, eg B. Rinse and dry.
  • a further, conventional treatment eg B. Rinse and dry.
  • air nozzles can be arranged in the immersion bath following the paint nozzles, the air in turn displacing the paint from the hollow bodies.
  • the hollow bodies If you want to completely displace the air enclosed in the hollow bodies immersed in the immersion bath, it is advantageous to first guide the hollow bodies into an area with a first nozzle group and then into an area with a second nozzle group after immersing them in the immersion bath.
  • the liquid jets generated by the second group of nozzles not only cause a complete displacement of the enclosed air, but also such a flow and turbulence in the hollow bodies that a quick coating is ensured.
  • a device of the type mentioned at the outset which comprises an immersion bath containing a lacquer, a the hollow body with the opening down completely immersing in and removing from the immersion bath transport device and arranged in the immersion bath below the liquid surface, directed into the openings of the hollow body immersed in the immersion bath for paint.
  • the transport device can consist of a wheel immersed in the immersion bath with holders for the hollow bodies, the hollow bodies are clamped to the holders outside of the immersion bath by hand or by means of automatic devices and, when the wheel is rotated further, are immersed with the opening downward into the immersion bath.
  • the hollow bodies are guided past the nozzles, the air is at least partially displaced from the hollow bodies and the inner surfaces of the hollow bodies are covered by the nozzles in an uninterrupted layer.
  • the hollow bodies run empty and can then be removed from the wheel and subjected to a customary further treatment.
  • the transport device can preferably consist, at least in some areas, of a guide channel for hollow bodies arranged in a loose connection, at least on the underside and partially under the liquid surface.
  • This guide channel holds the hollow body together and leads it to below the liquid surface, the hollow body z. B. by means of a pushing device arranged outside the immersion bath through the Guide channel can be pushed.
  • the guide channel can consist, at least in the deepest area immersed in the immersion bath, of a conveyor belt pair which grips the hollow bodies between their upper and lower sides, at least in the area of the lower sides of the hollow bodies with the openings, at least some of the nozzles in the Area below the conveyor belt gripping the undersides of the hollow bodies can be arranged.
  • the paint jets emerging from the nozzles penetrate the broken conveyor belt and penetrate into the hollow bodies gripped between the pair of conveyor belts and support the coating.
  • nozzles for gas preferably directed into the openings of the hollow bodies immersed in the immersion bath, can be placed in the immersion bath under the liquid surface Air, be arranged after the nozzles for the paint.
  • Devices for cleaning, rinsing and possibly drying the objects to be treated are usually arranged in front of the immersion bath 1.
  • devices for drying the coated containers are arranged after the immersion bath. This is a known technique that need not be described in detail.
  • hollow bodies are to be coated on the inside and outside, which in the example shown consist of beverage cans 8.
  • beverage cans 8 are with their bottom 9 up and their top 10, which is the top of the Drinks can 8 forms and has an opening 11, guided in a guide channel 12 below the liquid surface 26 of the immersion bath 1.
  • the guide channel 12 consists of an area leading into the immersion bath 1 and from the immersion bath 1, which is formed from parallel upper and lower longitudinal bars 13 and side guide bars 14, which are connected to one another by means of spacers 15 and form a closed channel.
  • the guide channel consists of a pair of link belts 16.
  • Each link belt 16 is guided endlessly via a pair of guide rollers 17, which are connected to a drive 18.
  • the lateral limitation of the guide channel in this area is given by side guide rods 19.
  • the beverage cans 8 are guided in a loose connection through the guide channel 12, wherein they are pushed into the guide channel part immersed in the immersion bath 1 and are subsequently gripped by the pair of link belts 16.
  • the all-round guidance of the beverage cans 8 ensures that they dip into the paint of the immersion bath 1 without floating.
  • the air enclosed in the beverage cans 8 when immersed in the paint of the immersion bath 1 is first displaced by means of paint by spraying paint jets between the longitudinal bars 13 and the nozzles 23 which are arranged on a distributor housing 24 Spacers 15 through the openings 11 of the Beverage cans 8 are directed.
  • the paint is sucked in by a circulation pump 25 in the immersion bath 1 and supplied to the distributor housing 24 under pressure.
  • the outlet openings of the nozzles 23 are arranged as close as possible in the area of the openings 11 of the beverage cans 8 in order to introduce the paint into the interior of the beverage cans 8 with the greatest possible energy and to at least partially displace the enclosed air.
  • Paint jets are again directed into the beverage cans 8 from below via further nozzles 20 arranged on a distributor housing 7.
  • the distributor housing 7 with the nozzles 20 is arranged below the lower link belt adjacent to the beverage cans 8, which has so many openings for the paint jets that they can pass through the link belt 16 essentially unhindered and to the bottom 9 of the beverage cans 8 can reach.
  • the air from the interior of the beverage cans 8 is more or less completely displaced by the paint jets emerging from the nozzles 20 and 23, and any remaining air bubbles do not disturb the coating, since the inner surface of the beverage cans due to the strong movement of the paint in the interior of the beverage cans 8 the jet effect of the nozzles 20 is always covered in an uninterrupted layer.
  • beverage cans 8 return to a guide channel area formed by longitudinal bars 13, lateral guide bars 14 and spacers 15 and become led out of the immersion bath 1.
  • the beverage cans 8 empty, excess paint residues drip back into the bath.
  • This emptying is supported in that air is blown into the cavities of the beverage cans 8 by means of air nozzles 27 and the lacquer is thereby displaced therefrom.
  • the air nozzles 27 are arranged on a distributor housing 28 which is pressurized with compressed air by means of an air pump 29.
  • the beverage cans are then further processed in the usual way.
  • the method and the device according to the invention achieve a very short coating time with a completely uniform and dense coating, especially in the interior of the beverage cans.
  • the system can be operated in the usual way as a dip painting process with only one plunge pool. Compared to the flooding and nozzle pipe process, the formation of foam is avoided or at least considerably reduced and the beverage cans or other hollow bodies can be guided in a loose connection in a simple manner without having to be taken individually when the guide channel 12 shown is used.
  • 2000 to 3000 cans per minute can be coated electrophoretically without any problems.
  • these hollow bodies can also be used on a wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation to arrange, the hollow bodies being attached to holders on the wheel outside the immersion bath, passing through the immersion bath and then being removed again in order to treat them further in the usual way.
  • hollow bodies are introduced with the opening downwards into an immersion bath, through which nozzles arranged below the lacquer surface and directed towards the downward openings of the hollow bodies are acted upon by lacquer jets, in such a way that those in the Air displaced hollow bodies, the inner surface of the hollow bodies is evenly covered with lacquer in an uninterrupted, moving layer and this results in a uniform coating of the inner surface.

Abstract

Method and device for coating hollow bodies (8) which have an orifice (11), in particular beverage cans, in which the hollow bodies (8), with the orifice (11) downwards, are completely immersed in a dipping bath (1) containing a coating material, brought with the orifices (11) into the region of nozzles (20, 23) for the coating material arranged beneath the liquid surface in the dipping bath (1) and the air trapped in the hollow bodies (8) immersed in the dipping bath (1) is at least partly displaced by the coating material jets issuing from the nozzles (20, 23). Hollow bodies can be evenly coated inside and outside in one operation by the process and the device without it being necessary to turn the hollow bodies in order to fill them with coating material when they are dipped into the dipping bath or in order to drain them after surfacing. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von eine Öffnung aufweisenden Kohlkörpern, insbesondere von Getränkedosen.The invention relates to a method and a device for coating cabbages having an opening, in particular beverage cans.

Für die Lackierung derartiger Hohlkörper können das Tauchverfahren, das Überflutungsverfahren oder ein Spritzverfahren eingesetzt werden. Jedem dieser Verfahren haften bestimmte Vor- und Nachteile an. Beim Tauchverfahren finden je nach Größe der zu beschichtenden Teile und des verlangten Durchsatzes möglichst große Tauchbecken Verwendung. Sollen Hohlkörper im Tauchverfahren beschichtet werden, entsteht das Problem, daß die Hohlkörper beim Eintauchen vollständig und ohne Luftblasen mit dem Lack gefüllt sein müssen und daher mit der Öffnung nach oben in das Tauchbad eingeführt werden müssen, während sie nach der Behandlung, d. h. dem Auftauchen aus dem Tauchbad wieder entleert, d. h. mit der Öffnung nach unten gedreht werden müssen. Dies erfordert entsprechend kompliziert gebaute Transportvorrichtungen für die Kohlkörper. Ein derartiges Verfahren ist z. B. in der europäischen Patentanmeldung 0 118 756 beschrieben.The immersion method, the flooding method or a spraying method can be used for painting such hollow bodies. Each of these methods has certain advantages and disadvantages. Depending on the size of the parts to be coated and the required throughput, the largest possible plunge pools are used in the dipping process. If hollow bodies are to be coated in the immersion process, the problem arises that the hollow bodies have to be completely filled with the lacquer when immersed and without air bubbles and therefore have to be introduced with the opening upwards into the immersion bath while they are out after the treatment, ie after surfacing emptied the immersion bath again, ie must be turned with the opening downwards. This requires correspondingly complex transport devices for the cabbage. Such a method is e.g. B. described in European patent application 0 118 756.

Beim Elektrophoreseflutverfahren wird eine Beschichtung durch einfaches Überfluten oder Berieseln eines Gegenstandes mit Hilfe eines Elektrophoreselacks erzielt. Hierbei ist zu beachten, daß der Geschwindigkeit des überströmenden Lackes enge Grenzen gesetzt sind, um die Ausbildung des Überzuges nicht zu stören. Des weiteren läßt sich hiermit nur eine einseitige Beschichtung, bei Hohlkörpern nur der Außenseite erreichen.In the electrophoresis flooding process, a coating is achieved by simply flooding or sprinkling an object with the aid of an electrophoresis lacquer. It should be noted here that the speed of the overflowing lacquer is limited so as not to interfere with the formation of the coating. Furthermore, only a one-sided coating can be achieved with this, in the case of hollow bodies only the outside.

Um auch die Innenseiten von Hohlkörpern zu erreichen, ist des weiteren gemäß der deutschen Auslegeschrift 26 33 179 vorgeschlagen worden, in die Hohlkörper, die oberhalb eines Auffangbeckens entlanggeführt werden, ein Düsenrohr einzuführen und das flüssige elektrophoretische Beschichtungsmaterial durch das Düsenrohr auf die Innenoberfläche des Hohlkörpers strömen zu lassen, wobei dieser Hohlkörper um seine Achse gedreht wird. Bei diesem Verfahren ist ein besonders aufwendiger Mechanismus erforderlich, da die Hohlkörper in einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung gehalten und um ihre eigene Achse gedreht und zusätzlich axial die Düsenrohre in die Hohlkörper eingeführt und wieder daraus herausbewegt werden müssen. Des weiteren tritt bei dem Überflutungs- und dem Düsenrohrverfahren, die beide ein Auffangbecken erfordern, eine erhebliche Schaumbildung auf, der entweder mit mechanischen Mitteln, die einen erheblichen Platzbedarf erfordern oder mit chemischen Mitteln, die die Eigenschaften der Elektrolytflüssigkeit stören, begegnet werden muß.In order to also reach the inside of hollow bodies, it has also been proposed according to German Auslegeschrift 26 33 179 to insert a nozzle tube into the hollow bodies, which are guided above a collecting basin, and the liquid electrophoretic coating material flows through the nozzle tube onto the inner surface of the hollow body to let, whereby this hollow body is rotated about its axis. In this method, a particularly complex mechanism is required, since the hollow bodies are held in a corresponding device and rotated about their own axis, and the nozzle tubes must also be axially inserted into the hollow bodies and moved out of them again. Furthermore, in the flooding and nozzle tube processes, both of which require a catch basin, substantial foaming occurs which must be dealt with either by mechanical means which require a considerable amount of space or by chemical means which disrupt the properties of the electrolytic liquid.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von Hohlkörpern im Tauchverfahren zu schaffen, bei denen es nicht notwendig ist, die Hohlkörper beim Einführen in das Tauchbad oder beim Verlassen desselben zu wenden und mit denen es möglich ist, die Außen- und Innenoberflächen der Hohlkörper gleichmäßig und in einem Arbeitsgang zu beschichten, ohne daß eine nachteilige Schaumbildung auftritt.The invention is based, a method and a task To provide a device for coating hollow bodies in the immersion process, in which it is not necessary to turn the hollow bodies when introducing or leaving the immersion bath and with which it is possible to smooth the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow bodies evenly and in one operation coat without any disadvantageous foaming.

Ausgehend von dieser Aufgabenstellung wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art vorgeschlagen, daß erfindungsgemäß die Hohlkörper mit der Öffnung nach unten in ein Tauchbad mit einem Lack vollständig eingetaucht, mit den Öffnungen in den Bereich von im Tauchbad unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche angeordneten Düsen für den Lack gebracht und die in den in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Hohlkörpern eingeschlossene Luft wenigstens teilweise durch die aus den Düsen austretenden Lack verdrängt wird. Durch das vollständige Eintauchen der Hohlkörper in das Tauchbad wird die Außenoberfläche vollständig benetzt, so daß die Beschichtung sofort nach dem Eintauchen stattfindet. Um auch die Innenoberfläche mit dem Lack in einer ununterbrochenen Schicht zu bedecken, wird der Lack mittels der im Tauchbad unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche angeordneten Düsen in die Hohlkörper eingespritzt, verdrängt die eingeschlossene Luft wenigstens teilweise und füllt die Hohlkörper. Dabei wird die Innenoberfläche vollständig mit einer Lackschicht bedeckt, so daß sich auch hier eine vollständige, porenfreie Beschichtung ergibt. Im Hinblick darauf, daß die Düsen mit Bezug auf den Innenraum der Hohlkörper praktisch an der Flüssigkeitsgrenzfläche münden, entsteht ein ausreichend kräftiger Flüssigkeitsstrahl, der bis auf den Bodenbereich der Innenoberfläche aufsteigt und die eingeschlossene Luft verdrängt.Based on this task, it is proposed in a method of the type mentioned at the outset that, according to the invention, the hollow bodies are completely immersed with the opening facing downwards in an immersion bath with a lacquer, with the openings brought into the region of nozzles for the lacquer arranged in the immersion bath under the liquid surface and the air enclosed in the hollow bodies immersed in the immersion bath is at least partially displaced by the paint emerging from the nozzles. By completely immersing the hollow body in the immersion bath, the outer surface is completely wetted so that the coating takes place immediately after immersion. In order to also cover the inner surface with the paint in an uninterrupted layer, the paint is injected into the hollow body by means of the nozzles arranged in the immersion bath under the liquid surface, at least partially displaces the enclosed air and fills the hollow body. The inner surface is completely covered with a layer of lacquer, so that a complete, non-porous coating also results here. In view of the fact that the nozzles are practically attached to the interior of the hollow body When the liquid interface opens, a sufficiently powerful jet of liquid is created which rises to the bottom of the inner surface and displaces the trapped air.

Beim Herausnehmen aus dem Tauchbad laufen die Hohlkörper vollständig leer, da sie mit den Öffnungen weiterhin nach unten gerichtet sind, überflüssiger Lack tropft ab, wonach die beschichteten Hohlkörper einer weiteren, üblichen Behandlung, z. B. Spülen und Trocken unterzogen werden.When removing them from the immersion bath, the hollow bodies run completely empty, since they continue to point downward with the openings, unnecessary paint drips off, after which the coated hollow bodies undergo a further, conventional treatment, eg B. Rinse and dry.

Um das Entleeren zu unterstützen, können im Tauchbad im Anschluß an die Lackdüsen Luftdüsen angeordnet sein, wobei die Luft ihrerseits den Lack aus den Hohlkörpern verdrängt.To support emptying, air nozzles can be arranged in the immersion bath following the paint nozzles, the air in turn displacing the paint from the hollow bodies.

Will man die in den in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Hohlkörpern eingeschlossene Luft vollständig verdrängen, ist es vorteilhaft die Hohlkörper nach dem Eintauchen in das Tauchbad zunächst in einen Bereich mit einer ersten Düsengruppe und anschließend in einen Bereich mit einer zweiten Düsengruppe zu führen. Die von der zweiten Düsengruppe erzeugten Flüssigkeitsstrahlen bewirken nicht nur ein vollständiges Verdrängen der eingeschlossenen Luft, sondern auch eine derartige Strömung und Turbulenz in den Hohlkörpern, daß eine schnelle Beschichtung gewährleistet sind.If you want to completely displace the air enclosed in the hollow bodies immersed in the immersion bath, it is advantageous to first guide the hollow bodies into an area with a first nozzle group and then into an area with a second nozzle group after immersing them in the immersion bath. The liquid jets generated by the second group of nozzles not only cause a complete displacement of the enclosed air, but also such a flow and turbulence in the hollow bodies that a quick coating is ensured.

Ausgehend von der vorgenannten Aufgabenstellung wird des weiteren eine Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art vorgeschlagen, die ein einen Lack enthaltendes Tauchbad, eine die Hohlkörper mit der Öffnung nach unten vollständig in das Tauchbad eintauchende und daraus wieder abführende Transportvorrichtung und im Tauchbad unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche angeordnete, in die Öffnungen der in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Hohlkörper gerichtete Düsen für Lack aufweist.On the basis of the aforementioned task, a device of the type mentioned at the outset is also proposed, which comprises an immersion bath containing a lacquer, a the hollow body with the opening down completely immersing in and removing from the immersion bath transport device and arranged in the immersion bath below the liquid surface, directed into the openings of the hollow body immersed in the immersion bath for paint.

Die Transportvorrichtung kann aus einem in das Tauchbad eintauchenden Rad mit Halterungen für die Hohlkörper bestehen, die Hohlkörper werden außerhalb des Tauchbads an die Halterungen von Hand oder mittels automatischer Vorrichtungen angeklemmt und beim Weiterdrehen des Rades mit der Öffnung nach unten in das Tauchbad eingetaucht. Beim Vorbeiführen der Hohlkörper an den Düsen werden die Luft aus den Hohlkörpern wenigstens teilweise verdrängt und die Innenoberflächen der Hohlkörper durch die Düsen in einer ununterbrochenen Schicht bedeckt. Beim Auftauchen aus dem Tauchbad laufen die Hohlkörper leer und lassen sich anschließend von dem Rad abnehmen und einer üblichen Weiterbehandlung zuführen.The transport device can consist of a wheel immersed in the immersion bath with holders for the hollow bodies, the hollow bodies are clamped to the holders outside of the immersion bath by hand or by means of automatic devices and, when the wheel is rotated further, are immersed with the opening downward into the immersion bath. When the hollow bodies are guided past the nozzles, the air is at least partially displaced from the hollow bodies and the inner surfaces of the hollow bodies are covered by the nozzles in an uninterrupted layer. When emerging from the immersion bath, the hollow bodies run empty and can then be removed from the wheel and subjected to a customary further treatment.

Vorzugsweise kann die Transportvorrichtung wenigstens bereichsweise aus einem wenigstens an der Unterseite durchbrochenen, bereichsweise unter die Flüssigkeitsoberfläche geführten Führungskanal für im losen Verbund angeordneten Hohlkörpern bestehen. Dieser Führungskanal hält die Hohlkörper im Verbund beisammen und führt sie bis unter die Flüssigkeitsoberfläche, wobei die Hohlkörper z. B. mittels einer außerhalb des Tauchbades angeordneten Schubvorrichtung durch den Führungskanal geschoben werden können.The transport device can preferably consist, at least in some areas, of a guide channel for hollow bodies arranged in a loose connection, at least on the underside and partially under the liquid surface. This guide channel holds the hollow body together and leads it to below the liquid surface, the hollow body z. B. by means of a pushing device arranged outside the immersion bath through the Guide channel can be pushed.

Des weiteren ist es möglich, in Bewegungsrichtung der Hohlkörper vor den bereits erwähnten Düsen weitere in die Öffnungen der in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Hohlkörper gerichtete Düsen für den Lack anzuordnen, die im wesentlichen dazu dienen, den größten Teil der in den Hohlkörpern eingeschlossenen Luft zu verdrängen, während erst anschließend das vollständige Verdrängen und das intentsive Bewegen des in den Hohlkörpern eingebrachten Lacks mit Unterstützung weiterer Düsen im am tiefsten in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Bereich der Transportvorrichtung erfolgt.Furthermore, it is possible to arrange further nozzles for the lacquer in the openings of the hollow bodies immersed in the immersion bath in the direction of movement of the hollow bodies, which essentially serve to displace most of the air enclosed in the hollow bodies, while only then is the complete displacement and intentive movement of the lacquer introduced into the hollow bodies, with the support of further nozzles, in the area of the transport device which is immersed deepest in the immersion bath.

Um dieses zu erreichen, kann der Führungskanal wenigstens im am tiefsten in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Bereich aus einem die Hohlkörper zwischen ihren Ober- und Unterseiten ergreifenden, wenigstens im Bereich der Unterseiten der Hohlkörper mit den Öffnungen durchbrochenen Förderbandpaar bestehen, wobei wenigstens ein Teil der Düsen im Bereich unterhalb des die Unterseiten der Hohlkörper ergreifenden Förderbandes angeordnet sein kann. Hierbei durchdringen die von den Düsen ausgehenden Lackstrahlen das durchbrochene Förderband und dringen in die zwischen dem Förderbandpaar ergriffenen Hohlkörper ein und unterstützen die Beschichtung.In order to achieve this, the guide channel can consist, at least in the deepest area immersed in the immersion bath, of a conveyor belt pair which grips the hollow bodies between their upper and lower sides, at least in the area of the lower sides of the hollow bodies with the openings, at least some of the nozzles in the Area below the conveyor belt gripping the undersides of the hollow bodies can be arranged. Here, the paint jets emerging from the nozzles penetrate the broken conveyor belt and penetrate into the hollow bodies gripped between the pair of conveyor belts and support the coating.

Um das Entleeren der Hohlkörper beim Verlassen des Tauchbades zu unterstützen, können im Tauchbad unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche in die Öffnungen der in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Hohlkörper gerichtete Düsen für Gas, vorzugsweise Luft, im Anschluß an die Düsen für den Lack angeordnet sein.In order to support the emptying of the hollow bodies when leaving the immersion bath, nozzles for gas, preferably directed into the openings of the hollow bodies immersed in the immersion bath, can be placed in the immersion bath under the liquid surface Air, be arranged after the nozzles for the paint.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels des näheren erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch ein Tauchbad zur Beschichtung von Getränkedosen und
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch einen Führungskanal für im Tauchbad zu beschichtende Getränkedosen.
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1
a cross section through an immersion bath for coating beverage cans and
Fig. 2
a cross section through a guide channel for beverage cans to be coated in the immersion bath.

Von einer Anlage zum Beschichten ist nur ein mit Lack gefülltes Tauchbad 1, das sich in einer Wanne 2 befindet, dargestellt.From a system for coating, only one immersion bath 1 filled with lacquer, which is located in a tub 2, is shown.

Vor dem Tauchbad 1 sind üblicherweise nicht dargestellte Vorrichtungen zum Reinigen, Spülen und ggf. Trocknen der zu behandelnden Gegenstände angeordnet.Devices for cleaning, rinsing and possibly drying the objects to be treated are usually arranged in front of the immersion bath 1.

Ebenso sind im Anschluß an das Tauchbad 1 Vorrichtungen zum Trocknen der beschichteten Behälter angeordnet. Es handelt sich hierbei um eine bekannte Technik, die im einzelnen nicht beschrieben werden muß.Likewise, devices for drying the coated containers are arranged after the immersion bath. This is a known technique that need not be described in detail.

Im Tauchbad 1 sollen Hohlkörper innen und außen beschichtet werden, die im dargestellten Beispiel aus Getränkedosen 8 bestehen. Diese Getränkedosen 8 werden mit ihrer Unterseite 9 nach oben und ihrer Oberseite 10, die den oberen Rand der Getränkedose 8 bildet und eine Öffnung 11 aufweist, in einem Führungskanal 12 unter die Flüssigkeitsoberfläche 26 des Tauchbades 1 geführt.In the immersion bath 1, hollow bodies are to be coated on the inside and outside, which in the example shown consist of beverage cans 8. These beverage cans 8 are with their bottom 9 up and their top 10, which is the top of the Drinks can 8 forms and has an opening 11, guided in a guide channel 12 below the liquid surface 26 of the immersion bath 1.

Der Führungskanal 12 besteht aus einem in das Tauchbad 1 und aus dem Tauchbad 1 führenden Bereich, der aus parallelen oberen und unteren Längsstäben 13 sowie Seitenführungsstäben 14 gebildet ist, die mittels Abstandshalter 15 miteinander verbunden sind und einen geschlossenen Kanal bilden.The guide channel 12 consists of an area leading into the immersion bath 1 and from the immersion bath 1, which is formed from parallel upper and lower longitudinal bars 13 and side guide bars 14, which are connected to one another by means of spacers 15 and form a closed channel.

Im in das Tauchbad 1 eingetauchten Bereich besteht der Führungskanal aus einem Gliederbandpaar 16. Jedes Gliederband 16 ist über ein Umlenkrollenpaar 17, die mit einem Antrieb 18 verbunden sind endlos geführt. Die seitliche Begrenzung des Führungskanals in diesem Bereich ist durch Seitenführungsstäbe 19 gegeben. Durch den Führungskanal 12 werden die Getränkedosen 8 im losen Verbund geführt, wobei sie in den in das Tauchbad 1 eintauchenden Führungskanalteil geschoben und anschließend vom Gliederbandpaar 16 erfaßt werden. Durch die allseitige Führung der Getränkedosen 8 wird erreicht, daß sie in den Lack des Tauchbades 1 eintauchen, ohne aufzuschwimmen.In the area immersed in the immersion bath 1, the guide channel consists of a pair of link belts 16. Each link belt 16 is guided endlessly via a pair of guide rollers 17, which are connected to a drive 18. The lateral limitation of the guide channel in this area is given by side guide rods 19. The beverage cans 8 are guided in a loose connection through the guide channel 12, wherein they are pushed into the guide channel part immersed in the immersion bath 1 and are subsequently gripped by the pair of link belts 16. The all-round guidance of the beverage cans 8 ensures that they dip into the paint of the immersion bath 1 without floating.

Um den Innenraum der Getränkedosen 8 zu beschichten, wird zunächst die in den Getränkedosen 8 beim Eintauchen in den Lack des Tauchbades 1 eingeschlossene Luft mittels Lack verdrängt, indem Lackstrahlen über Düsen 23, die an einem Verteilergehäuse 24 angeordnet sind, zwischen den Längsstäben 13 und den Abstandshaltern 15 hindurch gegen die Öffnungen 11 der Getränkedosen 8 gerichtet werden. Der Lack wird von einer Umwälzpumpe 25 im Tauchbad 1 angesaugt und unter Druck dem Verteilergehäuse 24 zugeführt. Die Austrittsöffnungen der Düsen 23 sind so nahe wie irgend möglich im Bereich der Öffnungen 11 der Getränkedosen 8 angeordnet, um den Lack mit möglichst großer Energie in den Innenraum der Getränkedosen 8 hineinzuführen und die eingeschlossene Luft wenigstens teilweise zu verdrängen.In order to coat the interior of the beverage cans 8, the air enclosed in the beverage cans 8 when immersed in the paint of the immersion bath 1 is first displaced by means of paint by spraying paint jets between the longitudinal bars 13 and the nozzles 23 which are arranged on a distributor housing 24 Spacers 15 through the openings 11 of the Beverage cans 8 are directed. The paint is sucked in by a circulation pump 25 in the immersion bath 1 and supplied to the distributor housing 24 under pressure. The outlet openings of the nozzles 23 are arranged as close as possible in the area of the openings 11 of the beverage cans 8 in order to introduce the paint into the interior of the beverage cans 8 with the greatest possible energy and to at least partially displace the enclosed air.

Über weitere, an einem Verteilergehäuse 7 angeordnete Düsen 20 werden nochmals Lackstrahlen von unten in die Getränkedosen 8 geleitet. Zu diesem Zweck ist das Verteilergehäuse 7 mit den Düsen 20 unterhalb des unteren an den Getränkedosen 8 anliegenden Gliederbandes angeordnet, das so viel Durchbrechungen für die Lackstrahlen aufweist, daß diese im wesentlichen ungehindert durch das Gliederband 16 hindurchtreten können und bis zum Boden 9 der Getränkedosen 8 gelangen können.Paint jets are again directed into the beverage cans 8 from below via further nozzles 20 arranged on a distributor housing 7. For this purpose, the distributor housing 7 with the nozzles 20 is arranged below the lower link belt adjacent to the beverage cans 8, which has so many openings for the paint jets that they can pass through the link belt 16 essentially unhindered and to the bottom 9 of the beverage cans 8 can reach.

Durch die aus den Düsen 20 und 23 austretenden Lackstrahlen wird die Luft aus Innenraum der Getränkedosen 8 mehr oder weniger vollständig verdrängt, wobei möglicherweise verbleibende Luftblasen die Beschichtung nicht stören, da die Innenoberfläche der Getränkedosen durch die starke Bewegung des Lacks im Innenraum der Getränkedosen 8 aufgrund der Strahlwirkung der Düsen 20 stets in einer ununterbrochenen Schicht bedeckt ist.The air from the interior of the beverage cans 8 is more or less completely displaced by the paint jets emerging from the nozzles 20 and 23, and any remaining air bubbles do not disturb the coating, since the inner surface of the beverage cans due to the strong movement of the paint in the interior of the beverage cans 8 the jet effect of the nozzles 20 is always covered in an uninterrupted layer.

Im Anschluß an das Gliederbandpaar 16 gelangen Getränkedosen 8 wieder in einen aus Längsstäben 13, Seitenführungsstäben 14 und Abstandshaltern 15 gebildeten Führungskanalbereich und werden aus dem Tauchbad 1 herausgeführt. Beim Austritt aus dem Tauchbad 1 entleeren sich die Getränkedosen 8, überschüssige Lackreste tropfen in das Bad zurück. Dieses Entleeren wird dadurch unterstützt, daß Luft mittels Luftdüsen 27 in die Hohlräume der Getränkedosen 8 geblasen und dadurch der Lack daraus verdrängt wird. Die Luftdüsen 27 sind an einem mittels einer Luftpumpe 29 mit Druckluft beaufschlagten Verteilergehäuse 28 angeordnet.Following the pair of link belts 16, beverage cans 8 return to a guide channel area formed by longitudinal bars 13, lateral guide bars 14 and spacers 15 and become led out of the immersion bath 1. When leaving the immersion bath 1, the beverage cans 8 empty, excess paint residues drip back into the bath. This emptying is supported in that air is blown into the cavities of the beverage cans 8 by means of air nozzles 27 and the lacquer is thereby displaced therefrom. The air nozzles 27 are arranged on a distributor housing 28 which is pressurized with compressed air by means of an air pump 29.

Danach werden die Getränkedosen in üblicher Weise weiterbehandelt.The beverage cans are then further processed in the usual way.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der Vorrichtung wird eine sehr kurze Beschichtungszeit mit vor allem im Innenraum der Getränkedosen vollständig gleichmäßiger und dichter Beschichtung erreicht. Die Anlage läßt sich in üblicher Weise als Tauchlackierverfahren mit nur einem Tauchbecken betreiben. Gegenüber dem Überflutungs- und Düsenrohrverfahren wird die Schaumbildung vermieden oder zumindest erheblich vermindert und die Getränkedosen oder andere Hohlkörper lassen sich im losen Verbund auf einfache Weise führen, ohne daß sie einzeln ergriffen werden müßten, wenn der dargestellte Führungskanal 12 verwendet wird. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung lassen sich ohne Probleme 2000 bis 3000 Dosen in der Minute elektrophoretisch beschichten.The method and the device according to the invention achieve a very short coating time with a completely uniform and dense coating, especially in the interior of the beverage cans. The system can be operated in the usual way as a dip painting process with only one plunge pool. Compared to the flooding and nozzle pipe process, the formation of foam is avoided or at least considerably reduced and the beverage cans or other hollow bodies can be guided in a loose connection in a simple manner without having to be taken individually when the guide channel 12 shown is used. With the device according to the invention, 2000 to 3000 cans per minute can be coated electrophoretically without any problems.

Wird keine so hohe Kapazität zur Beschichtung der Innenoberfläche von Hohlkörpern gefordert, lassen sich diese Hohlkörper auch auf einem Rad mit waagerechter Drehachse anordnen, wobei die Hohlkörper außerhalb des Tauchbades an Halterungen am Rad angesteckt werden, das Tauchbad durchlaufen und danach wieder abgenommen werden, um sie in üblicher Weise weiterzubehandeln.If such a high capacity for coating the inner surface of hollow bodies is not required, these hollow bodies can also be used on a wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation to arrange, the hollow bodies being attached to holders on the wheel outside the immersion bath, passing through the immersion bath and then being removed again in order to treat them further in the usual way.

Entscheidend beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der entsprechenden Vorrichtung ist, daß Hohlkörper mit der Öffnung nach unten in ein Tauchbad eingebracht werden, durch unterhalb der Lackoberfläche angeordnete, auf die nach unten gerichteten Öffnungen der Hohlkörper gerichtete Düsen mit Lackstrahlen beaufschlagt werden, derart, daß die in den Hohlkörpern enthaltene Luft verdrängt, die Innenoberfläche der Hohlkörper gleichmäßig in einer ununterbrochenen, bewegten Schicht mit Lack bedeckt wird und sich dadurch eine gleichmäßige Beschichtung der Innenoberfläche ergibt.It is crucial in the method and the corresponding device according to the invention that hollow bodies are introduced with the opening downwards into an immersion bath, through which nozzles arranged below the lacquer surface and directed towards the downward openings of the hollow bodies are acted upon by lacquer jets, in such a way that those in the Air displaced hollow bodies, the inner surface of the hollow bodies is evenly covered with lacquer in an uninterrupted, moving layer and this results in a uniform coating of the inner surface.

Claims (9)

Verfahren zum Beschichten von Öffnungen aufweisenden Hohlkörpern, insbesondere von Getränkedosen, bei dem - die Hohlkörper mit der Öffnung nach unten in ein Tauchbad mit einem Lack vollständig eingetaucht, - mit den Öffnungen in den Bereich von im Tauchbad unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche angeordneten Düsen für den Lack gebracht und - die in den in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Hohlkörpern eingeschlossene Luft wenigstens teilweise durch die aus den Düsen austretenden Lackstrahlen verdrängt wird. Method for coating openings having hollow bodies, in particular beverage cans, in which the hollow bodies with the opening facing down are completely immersed in an immersion bath with a lacquer, - brought with the openings into the area of nozzles for the lacquer arranged in the immersion bath under the liquid surface and - The air enclosed in the hollow body immersed in the immersion bath is at least partially displaced by the paint jets emerging from the nozzles. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hohlkörper im Anschluß an den Bereich mit den Lackdüsen mit den Öffnungen nach unten in den Bereich von im Tauchbad unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche angeordneten Luftdüsen gebracht und der Lack in den Hohlkörpern durch die aus den Düsen austretende Luft wenigstens teilweise verdrängt wird.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow bodies following the area with the paint nozzles with the openings are brought down into the area of air nozzles arranged in the immersion bath under the liquid surface and the paint in the hollow bodies at least through the air emerging from the nozzles is partially displaced. Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von eine Öffnung aufweisenden Hohlkörpern, insbesondere von Getränkedosen, mit - einem einen Lack enthaltenden Tauchbad (1), - einer die Hohlkörper (8) mit der Öffnung (11) nach unten vollständig in das Tauchbad eintauchenden und daraus wieder abführenden Transportvorrichtung (12; 16, 17, 18) und - im Tauchbad unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche (26) angeordneten, in die Öffnungen der in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Hohlkörper gerichteten Düsen (20, 23) für den Lack. Device for coating hollow bodies having an opening, in particular beverage cans, with - an immersion bath (1) containing a lacquer, - One, the hollow body (8) with the opening (11) completely immersed in the immersion bath and discharged therefrom transport device (12; 16, 17, 18) and - In the immersion bath below the liquid surface (26), in the openings of the immersed in the immersion bath directed nozzles (20, 23) for the paint. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Transportvorrichtung aus einem in das Tauchbad eintauchenden Rad mit waagerechter Drehachse und mit Halterungen für die Hohlkörper (8) besteht.Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the transport device consists of a wheel immersed in the immersion bath with a horizontal axis of rotation and with holders for the hollow bodies (8). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Transportvorrichtung wenigstens bereichsweise aus einem wenigstens an der Unterseite durchbrochenen, bereichsweise unter die Flüssigkeitsoberfläche (26) geführten Führungskanal (12) für im losen Verbund angeordnete Hohlkörper (8) besteht.Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the transport device consists at least in regions of a guide channel (12) for hollow bodies (8) arranged in a loose connection, at least partially perforated on the underside and partly under the liquid surface (26). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hohlkörper (8) mittels einer außerhalb des Tauchbades (1) angeordneten Schubvorrichtung durch den Führungskanal (12) geschoben werden.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the hollow bodies (8) are pushed through the guide channel (12) by means of a pushing device arranged outside the immersion bath (1). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Führungskanal wenigstens im am tiefsten in das Tauchbad (1) eingetauchten Bereich aus einem die Hohlkörper (8) zwischen ihren Ober- und Unterseiten (9, 10) ergreifenden, wenigstens im Bereich der Unterseiten der Hohlkörper mit den Öffnungen (11) durchbrochenen Förderbandpaar (16) besteht und wenigstens ein Teil der Düsen (20, 23) im Bereich des die Unterseiten der Hohlkörper ergreifenden Förderbandes angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the guide channel at least deepest in the Immersion bath (1) immersed area consists of a conveyor belt pair (16) which engages the hollow bodies (8) between their upper and lower sides (9, 10) and at least in the area of the lower sides of the hollow bodies with the openings (11), and at least part of the conveyor belt pair Nozzles (20, 23) is arranged in the region of the conveyor belt gripping the undersides of the hollow bodies. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß unterhalb des Führungskanals (12) in Bewegungsrichtung der Hohlkörper (8) vor dem am tiefsten in das Tauchbad (1) eingetauchten Bereich des Führungskanals weitere in die Öffnungen (11) der in das Tauchbad (1) eingetauchten Hohlkörper gerichtete Düsen (23) für den Lack angeordnet sind.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that below the guide channel (12) in the direction of movement of the hollow body (8) in front of the area of the guide channel immersed deepest in the immersion bath (1) further into the openings (11) of the in the immersion bath (1) immersed hollow body directed nozzles (23) are arranged for the paint. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Tauchbad unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche (26) in die Öffnungen der in das Tauchbad eingetauchten Hohlkörper gerichtete Düsen für Gas, insbesondere Luft, im Anschluß an die Düsen für den Lack angeordnet sind.Device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that nozzles for gas, in particular air, are arranged in the immersion bath below the liquid surface (26) into the openings of the hollow bodies immersed in the immersion bath, following the nozzles for the paint.
EP93107026A 1992-05-21 1993-04-30 Method and device for coating hollow bodies Expired - Lifetime EP0570738B1 (en)

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DE4239680A DE4239680C2 (en) 1992-05-21 1992-11-26 Method and device for coating hollow bodies

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EP0570738B1 (en) 1994-11-30

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