EP0570289B1 - Dispositif de détection du passage d'un mobile, à répondeur passif - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection du passage d'un mobile, à répondeur passif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0570289B1
EP0570289B1 EP93401226A EP93401226A EP0570289B1 EP 0570289 B1 EP0570289 B1 EP 0570289B1 EP 93401226 A EP93401226 A EP 93401226A EP 93401226 A EP93401226 A EP 93401226A EP 0570289 B1 EP0570289 B1 EP 0570289B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
low frequency
circuit
responder
medium frequency
interrogation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93401226A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0570289A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernard Lamazou
Franck Francisque
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Matra Transport
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Matra Transport
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Publication date
Application filed by Matra Transport filed Critical Matra Transport
Publication of EP0570289A1 publication Critical patent/EP0570289A1/fr
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Publication of EP0570289B1 publication Critical patent/EP0570289B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • B61L3/121—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves using magnetic induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
    • B61L25/04—Indicating or recording train identities
    • B61L25/043—Indicating or recording train identities using inductive tags

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices for detecting the passage of a mobile at a determined point in its guided movement along a track and it finds a particularly important, although not exclusive, application in collective transport installations with automatic control. .
  • Detection devices of the type already known comprising an interrogation unit and a passive responder (that is to say deprived of any clean electrical supply, either by battery or accumulator, or by connection to a supply network) , carried one by the mobile and the other by the track, in which: the interrogation unit has on the one hand a low frequency transmitter and a medium frequency transmitter intended to operate continuously, having respective antennas transmitting towards a determined area with respect to the antennas and crossed by the answering machine during movement and on the other hand, a unit sensitive to the characteristics of the answering machine when it is in the area, said interrogation assembly being designed to be connected to a supply of electrical energy, and the transponder comprises a medium frequency signal reception circuit and a low frequency signal reception circuit provided for controlling the medium frequency circuit.
  • the passive answering machine is carried by the track although it can be mounted on the mobile; it is often referred to by the term "tag". Due to the fact that it does not require an electrical supply and that it is of a low price, transponders can be distributed in large numbers along a track and constitute a non-repairable one-piece assembly.
  • Document US-A-4,038,653 also describes, very succinctly, a device for detecting the passage of a vehicle. It includes an interrogation unit carried by the vehicle and an answering machine placed on the ground.
  • the interrogation assembly comprises a low frequency transmitter which cooperates with a circuit for receiving the low frequency signal provided in the answering machine.
  • Respective tuned resonant circuits are associated one with the low frequency signal, the other with a higher frequency signal (radar frequency). There is no short-circuiting of a resonant circuit of the responder at the rate of the low frequency.
  • the document GB-A-2 187 916 describes a device for detecting a vehicle, of the type comprising an interrogation assembly and a passive responder, in which the interrogation assembly has on the one hand a medium frequency transmitter ( 20 to 160 KHz), the signal of which being modulated by a low frequency signal (1 KHz), and an antenna and on the other hand a unit sensitive to the characteristics of the answering machine when it is in the area, said set of interrogation being provided to be connected to an electrical energy supply.
  • the transponder includes a resonant circuit for receiving the medium frequency signal and a circuit for short-circuiting the resonant medium frequency circuit of the transponder at the rate of the low frequency.
  • the unit of the interrogation unit is sensitive to disturbances of the medium frequency transmitter caused by the short-circuiting of the tuned medium frequency radiating circuit of the responder. With this, a coded digital signal from the answering machine can be detected by the interrogation unit.
  • the transponder also includes a rectifier network which creates, from the medium frequency power induced in the transponder antenna, the necessary supplies.
  • the invention aims to provide a device making it possible to reduce the cost and the complexity of the answering machines, compared to those which exist.
  • the invention provides a device according to claim 1.
  • the answering machine can easily be formed therein to be programmable in situ.
  • the responder can be considered analog: the low frequency circuit short-circuits the medium frequency resonant circuit as long as it receives a low frequency magnetic field of sufficient level from the interrogation unit , to the rhythm of the low frequency.
  • the processing unit of the interrogation unit recognizes that the medium frequency resonant circuit has short-circuited (that is, the active state or, on the contrary, inhibited), which modifies the characteristics of the transmitter. medium frequency due to the magnetic coupling between the medium frequency antenna of the whole interrogation and the medium frequency tuned circuit of the answering machine. In in practice, the processing unit will simply determine whether the average transmission frequency current is above or below a threshold.
  • the answering machine can be considered as digital. It also includes a logic block intended to supply, when energized, a serial digital message modulated at the rate of the low frequency and this logic block short-circuits the resonant medium frequency circuit of the responder only for a determined value of a digital message consisting of bits modulated in phase at the rate of the low frequency constituting the clock. This message can be different for each answering machine. It is reconstituted by processing in the sensitive unit of the interrogation assembly. The electrical power necessary for the operation of the logic block is generated by rectification of the low frequency signal induced in the resonant circuit tuned in low frequency.
  • digital messages can be transmitted in phase jump modulation (+ ⁇ / 4, - ⁇ / 4), at the rate of the induced low frequency.
  • each answering machine constitutes a fixed beacon relative to the track. They can be used in co-operation with safe automatisms for driving transport vehicles of the kind already implemented in the VAL system and which will therefore not be necessary to describe again.
  • the interrogation assembly can be divided into two parts, on the one hand the antennas placed under the mobile so as to affect the antennas of the answering machine and on the other hand all of the electronic circuits, transferred to a distance which can be a few meters, in a protected area.
  • the presence of a connecting cable between the antennas and the electronics can be used to amplify the phase difference used for detection.
  • the operating principle of the device is then as follows: by permanently analyzing the impedance of an antenna resonator 14 tuned to the medium frequency and connected to a medium frequency oscillator 16 with permanent operation, it recognizes the short-circuiting circuit at the low frequency of a resonant circuit 18, tuned to the medium frequency, when the low frequency signal is received by a LF receiver 20 belonging to the responder.
  • the low frequency link to the LF receiver 20 is provided from the interrogation unit by a LF oscillator 26 operating continuously during use and by a BF 28 antenna.
  • the detection of the phase or amplitude difference caused by the passage over a responder 12, the resonant circuit 18 of which is short-circuited at the rate of the low frequency, advantageously uses a passive network of amplification of the phase or amplitude difference presented periodically by the MF current emitted by the antenna resonator 14.
  • This passive network can in particular use the properties of mismatched transmission lines and creating standing waves.
  • Such a network has a sufficient line length for a mismatch at the end of the line, even a slight one, to create an exploitable source defect. This defect is revealed by a modification of the complex impedance, as seen from the MF 16 oscillator. It results in a voltage / current phase shift or in a variation in amplitude of the current.
  • the line will have a length equal to (2k + 1) ⁇ / 2, where k is an integer greater than 1 and ⁇ is the wavelength of the medium frequency signal.
  • the line 30 consists of a section, of length l , of cable of known characteristic impedance.
  • the current I in the cable is taken using a current transformer, shown diagrammatically by a loop 32.
  • the receiver 20 of the responder intended to control the short-circuiting of the resonant circuit MF 18, has a different constitution depending on whether the responder is analog or digital.
  • the control mode can in all cases be based on the modification of the dynamic impedance of a diode, constituted for example by a PN junction, according to the current which crosses it.
  • the medium frequency link must give rise to a current Ie, the extreme values of which, when the interrogation assembly passes over the responder, are sufficient to cause a significant variation in rd , authorizing the detection of the responder.
  • the resistance rd of the diode is an inverse function of the current flowing through it. Any reduction in the current flowing through the diode below a threshold will result in a resistance of the diode which remains high enough so that there is no finding of a short-circuiting. As a result, the magnetic coupling to the medium frequency resonant circuit 36 is degraded.
  • control mode can be that shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4: a diode 38 is mounted in shunt on the output of the antenna 36 of the receiver 20. This output is connected to the resonator MF 18 of the responder by a filter 40, intended to eliminate the transients and a fraction of the noise.
  • the receiver also includes a programmable read-only memory 24 intended to control the current Ie so as to constitute a serial message, which can be decoded by the unit 22.
  • An embodiment of the invention making it possible to measure the speed of movement of the mobile under intrinsic safety conditions, uses a low frequency antenna 28 comprising three components offset in the direction of movement and supplied in a different manner.
  • the low frequency antenna can then consist of three coils 28a, 28b, 28c supplied in phase opposition (0, ⁇ , 0) by the oscillator BF 26 ( Figure 5).
  • the unit 22 can detect variations in current by detecting an envelope on the current MF, in intrinsic safety. But this time, the phase inversions, when the interrogation unit circulates over the answering machine, are noted, at the same time as the instants at which they intervene, which makes it possible to calculate the speed. In the case of a digital answering machine, the demodulation of the digital signal representative of the identification message must take account of the phase inversions (0, ⁇ ) of the low frequency signal.
  • treatment with safety of phase inversions of the low frequency signal can be carried out by implementing safety electronics of known type, such as that of the on-board automations of the VAL transport system, for which the same function is necessary to detect crossings of the lines d control of the transmission belt placed on the track.
  • Responders can be used with a length, in the direction of the track, which differs according to their location. It will generally be desirable to have short responders in the running part of the channel. On the other hand, it may be desirable to use transponders of considerable length, for example with tuned circuits having a length of 1 to 3 m, in stations. Indeed, security reasons often lead to authorizing the opening of the vehicle doors only when the vehicle interrogation unit is placed above a beacon. However, the stopping precision of vehicles would often not allow this condition to be fulfilled in the case of transponders having the acceptable short length in the running part of the track.
  • Such transponders are compatible, like transponders in the main part, with a transmission at low speed of a signal on the low frequency channel.
  • the interrogation assembly 10 comprises, as indicated above, an oscillator BF 26 which attacks the antenna BF 28 via a tuning circuit 42.
  • a second output of the oscillator BF 26 attacks a demodulator 52 and a safe phase comparator 44 belonging to the processing unit 22, which will be described later.
  • the MF oscillator can supply an effective power of the order of 1 W to the antenna via a characteristic impedance cable of 50 ⁇ for a frequency of 10 MHz.
  • the compensation network 46 is such that the link has a length sufficient for the MF current at the output of the oscillator 16 to be sensitive to the detuning caused by the presence of the medium frequency resonant circuit of the responder.
  • the unit 22 represented by way of example recovers the low frequency component of modulation of the MF current at the output of the oscillator 16.
  • the unit must have sufficient bandwidth so as not to distort the digital message supplied by the read only memory programmable beacon 24. For a low frequency of 128 kHz, you can allow a bandwidth of around 300 KHz.
  • the unit 22 has a functional channel, the presence of which is necessary, and a security channel, which is simply optional.
  • the functional channel comprises an envelope detector 50 for recovering the LF signal and a phase demodulator 52 for recovering the digital message modulated by phase jump.
  • the detector 50 may conventionally include a diode rectifier.
  • the security envelope detector 54 of the security channel operates on the same principle as the detector 50, with a narrow bandwidth.
  • the security channel does not have to recover a message, but simply to identify the line at 128 KHz and the phase inversions when going from the coil 28a to the coil 28b, and from the latter to the coil 28c.
  • the assembly of FIG. 6 also makes it possible to carry out speed measurements in safety.
  • the function of the detector 54 is to recover the low frequency emitted by the interrogation unit and to make it possible to recognize the phase of the signal (0, ⁇ ), which depends on that of the coils (FIG. 5) which is located under the BF antenna 28.
  • the secure phase comparator 44 determines the phase rotations (0, ⁇ ) of the low frequency and can be constituted in a secure manner, as in the case of the circuits used in the VAL system.
  • the responder 12 also advantageously comprises antennas made up of concentric coils, the resonant circuit MF having a sufficient overvoltage coefficient for the effect of magnetic coupling with the antenna resonator 14 to cause a detectable disturbance.
  • the responder further includes a rectifier network 54 which creates, from the low frequency power induced in the antenna 56 of the low frequency receiver 20, the necessary supplies.
  • a second circuit 58 extracts a clock signal from the low frequency signal.
  • the rectified signal is applied to a logic block 60 connected to the read-only memory 24.
  • This logic block also incorporates a phase modulator, allowing the digital signal coming from the read-only memory to be modulated by phase jump, at the rate of the low frequency supplied by the clock circuit 58.
  • the MF resonant circuit 18 is short-circuited by a diode 38 current-controlled by a control circuit 62, the switching element of which can be a bipolar transistor.
  • a network 64 makes it possible to adapt the impedance of the control circuit to that of the resonant circuit MF 18.
  • FIG. 7 shows, by way of example, the appearance of the signals in the interrogation assembly, at the points designated, in FIG. 6, by letters corresponding to the lines of FIG. 7.
  • the time interval 66 corresponds to operation during the period when the interrogator does not fly over an answering machine.
  • the time interval 68 corresponds to the passages of the first coil of an antenna of the kind shown in FIG. 5 above the answering machine.
  • the instant t corresponds to a phase inversion, when it is the second coil which is coupled with the responder.
  • a third step not shown, for which the phase is the same as during the first step.
  • FIG. 8 shows the appearance of the signals in the answering machine 12, at the points indicated by letters in FIG. 6, in the case of a digital beacon (line M) and an analog beacon (line N).
  • the signal K is only produced in the case of a digital answering machine.
  • the signal M corresponds to the opening and short-circuiting of the resonant circuit MF 18.
  • the signal J shows, due to the rectification, a magnifying glass effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
EP93401226A 1992-05-15 1993-05-13 Dispositif de détection du passage d'un mobile, à répondeur passif Expired - Lifetime EP0570289B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9205937A FR2691275B1 (fr) 1992-05-15 1992-05-15 Dispositif de détection du passage d'un mobile, à répondeur passif.
FR9205937 1992-05-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0570289A1 EP0570289A1 (fr) 1993-11-18
EP0570289B1 true EP0570289B1 (fr) 1995-07-05

Family

ID=9429833

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93401226A Expired - Lifetime EP0570289B1 (fr) 1992-05-15 1993-05-13 Dispositif de détection du passage d'un mobile, à répondeur passif

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5451941A (ko)
EP (1) EP0570289B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR100241229B1 (ko)
DE (1) DE69300242T2 (ko)
ES (1) ES2074383T3 (ko)
FR (1) FR2691275B1 (ko)
MX (1) MX9302852A (ko)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3962099B2 (ja) * 1994-05-27 2007-08-22 ローム株式会社 高周波タグおよびこれを利用した情報交換システム
US5627526A (en) * 1994-09-30 1997-05-06 Harris Corp. Proximity detection using DPSK waveform
US5625341A (en) * 1995-08-31 1997-04-29 Sensormatic Electronics Corporation Multi-bit EAS marker powered by interrogation signal in the eight MHz band
JPH09244003A (ja) * 1996-03-13 1997-09-19 Toyota Motor Corp 車両用画面制御装置
FR2746756B1 (fr) * 1996-04-01 1998-06-12 Matra Transport International Dispositif de detection de passage d'un mobile, tolerant aux pannes
US6043774A (en) * 1998-03-25 2000-03-28 Honeywell Inc. Near-range proximity sensor having a fast-tracking analog
DE19836187A1 (de) * 1998-08-03 2000-02-24 Pc Soft Gmbh Anordnung zur Standortbestimmung fahrender Zugeinheiten in Gleisanlagen, insbesondere bei einer hohen Gleisdichte
JP3511600B2 (ja) * 2001-05-30 2004-03-29 松下電器産業株式会社 逓倍反射式電波式マーカシステム及び交通システム
GB2385138B (en) * 2002-10-02 2004-02-04 Golden River Traffic Ltd Verification of loop sensing devices
FR2927487B1 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2010-03-26 Balogh Dispositif de communication entre un element fixe et un element mobile et lecteur monobloc pour un tel dispositif.
FR2928602B1 (fr) 2008-03-13 2012-03-23 Balogh Dispositif de communication entre un element mobile et un element fixe.
JP5750279B2 (ja) * 2011-03-03 2015-07-15 日本信号株式会社 列車制御用信号受信装置
US9909079B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2018-03-06 Chevron Oronite Company Llc Lubricating oil composition for protection of silver bearings in medium speed diesel engines
EP2905196A1 (fr) * 2014-02-11 2015-08-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement de réception pour contrôle de vitesse et méthode associée

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038653A (en) * 1976-03-16 1977-07-26 International Standard Electric Corporation Train position indicator
DE3242551C2 (de) * 1981-11-17 1984-05-17 Götting KG, 3161 Röddensen Anordnung zum Identifizieren eines Objektes
US4912471A (en) * 1983-11-03 1990-03-27 Mitron Systems Corporation Interrogator-responder communication system
GB2187916B (en) * 1986-02-15 1989-11-08 Shorrock Security Systems Ltd Transponder system
NL8601021A (nl) * 1986-04-22 1987-11-16 Nedap Nv Programmeerbare responder.
IT1213530B (it) * 1986-11-05 1989-12-20 Audemars R S A Sistema di identificazione.
FR2607264B1 (fr) * 1986-11-25 1989-05-05 Jacques Lewiner Perfectionnements aux dispositifs d'identification par proximite
DE3714263A1 (de) * 1987-04-29 1988-10-20 Goetting Hans Heinrich Jun Anordnung zur standlinien- oder standortbestimmung von passiven kode- oder informationstraegern in bezug auf die identifizierungseinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2074383T3 (es) 1995-09-01
KR100241229B1 (ko) 2000-02-01
FR2691275A1 (fr) 1993-11-19
KR930023895A (ko) 1993-12-21
DE69300242D1 (de) 1995-08-10
FR2691275B1 (fr) 2003-01-10
DE69300242T2 (de) 1996-04-04
EP0570289A1 (fr) 1993-11-18
US5451941A (en) 1995-09-19
MX9302852A (es) 1994-02-28

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