EP0569997B1 - Lock cylinder, locking installation, key and method of producing a combination of a lock cylinder and its corresponding key - Google Patents

Abstract

In a lock cylinder with a springless tumbler pin 30, which on the one hand is controlled by a depression 32f in the key and on the other hand can engage into a recess 12b of the inner circumferential face 12a of the lock-cylinder housing 10, an axial-sliding element 20 is provided essentially parallel to the direction of insertion of the key 32 and can be taken up by a take-up face 32i of the key; a displacement of the tumbler pin 30, with the key 32 inserted, is possible only when, as a result of an appropriate position of the take-up face 32i in the longitudinal direction of the key 32, a predetermined position of the axial-sliding element 20 is brought about by the inserted key 32. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a lock cylinder comprising a lock cylinder housing with a housing bore limited by an inner circumferential surface, a lock cylinder core rotatably received in the housing bore about an axis of rotation with a key channel which, starting from a key insertion end at one end of the lock cylinder core, runs essentially parallel to the axis of rotation and for receiving of profile-adapted keys with at least one level-oriented control track running approximately parallel to the axis of rotation in at least one side surface, and at least one spring-free tumbler pin in at least one guide bore of the lock cylinder core, the bore axis of which lies approximately in a tumbler plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation and runs towards the control track, wherein this tumbler pin can be moved in the guide bore along its bore axis and - after in a basic rotational position of the lock ß cylinder core detected introduction of a profile and mysterious key - is set or adjustable in a release position in which it allows a desired functional release rotation of the lock cylinder core about the axis of rotation, while when introducing a profile-adapted but not mysterious key is adjustable in a blocking position in which it an inhibition of the lock cylinder core against rotation in the direction of the function triggering position.

Such a lock cylinder is known from DE-PS 31 23 511 and DE-OS 20 03 059.

The well-known locking cylinders have proven themselves extremely well in practice. With regard to increasing security requirements, the object of the invention is to achieve a further increase in locking security. To solve this problem, the invention proposes
that an axial sliding element is slidably received in a sliding channel of the locking cylinder core running parallel to the axis of rotation, which is biased by spring means into a locking position close to the end of the key insertion and is axially displaceable unlockable by a driving surface of the entering profile-adapted and secret-adapted unlocking key which is approachable against the driving stop , wherein the axial sliding element blocks the displacement of the tumbler pin in its guide bore in its locking position and releases the displacement of the tumbler pin in the guide bore in its release position.

• a) in einer Grunddrehstellung des Schließzylinderkerns durch Wechselwirkung des inneren Stiftendes mit der Führungsbahn eines profilangepaßten und geheimnisangepaßten Schlüssels der Zuhaltungsstift mit seinem äußeren Stiftende in Richtung auf die Ausnehmung der Innenumfangsfläche auswärts verschoben ist, welche Ausnehmung in der Grunddrehstellung mit dem äußeren Stiftende fluchtet, und
• b) nach Einführen eines profilangepaßten und geheimnisangepaßten Schlüssels bei anschließendem Drehen des Schließzylinderkerns aus der Grunddrehstellung der Zuhaltungsstift durch die Ausnehmungsbegrenzungsfläche in Richtung auf den Schlüsselkanal einwärts verschiebbar ist unter Annäherung des inneren Stiftendes an eine der Position der Ausnehmung lageangepaßte Niveausenke der Steuerungsbahn,

während nach Einführung eines profilangepaßten, aber nicht geheimnisangepaßten Schlüssels der Zuhaltungsstift durch Verklemmung zwischen der Steuerungsbahn und der Ausnehmungsbegrenzungsfläche ein Drehen des Schließzylinderkerns verhindert.In accordance with the above-mentioned prior art, the starting point of the invention can also be seen in a locking cylinder comprising a locking cylinder housing with a housing bore delimited by an inner circumferential surface and at least one recess in the inner peripheral surface, a locking cylinder core accommodated in the housing bore so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation Key channel, which, starting from a key insertion end at one end of the lock cylinder core, runs essentially parallel to the axis of rotation and is designed to accommodate profile-adapted keys with at least one level-varying control path running at least approximately parallel to the axis of rotation in at least one side surface, and at least one spring-free tumbler pin in at least one Guide bore of the lock cylinder core, the bore axis of which lies approximately in a tumbler plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation and onto the control path n runs, this tumbler pin is displaceable in the guide bore along the axis of the bore and in a basic position of the lock cylinder core with an outer pin end is in alignment with the recess, and
wherein the sliding movement of the tumbler pin is controlled on the one hand by the interaction of an inner pin end with the control path of a profile-adapted key and on the other hand by the interaction of an outer pin end with a recess boundary surface adjacent to the inner circumferential surface, in such a way that

• a) in a basic rotational position of the lock cylinder core by interaction of the inner pin end with the guideway of a profile-matched and secret-matched key, the tumbler pin with its outer pin end is displaced outward in the direction of the recess of the inner circumferential surface, which recess is aligned with the outer pin end in the basic rotational position, and
• b) after insertion of a profile-matched and secret-matched key when the lock cylinder core is subsequently rotated from the basic rotational position, the tumbler pin can be displaced inward through the recess boundary surface in the direction of the key channel, with the inner end of the pin approaching a level sink of the control track that is positionally adapted to the position of the recess,

while after the introduction of a profile-matched but not secret-matched key, the tumbler pin prevents the locking cylinder core from rotating by jamming between the control track and the recess boundary surface.

Taking into account the task already formulated above, it is proposed for such a locking cylinder that in a sliding channel running parallel to the axis of rotation of the lock cylinder core, an axial sliding element is slidably received with a driving stop, which is biased by spring means into a locking position close to the key insertion end and is axially displaceable into a locking position of the locking element by a driving surface of the entering profile-adapted and secret-adjusted key that is approachable against the driving stop Holds tumbler pin in an outer position and thus in core rotation blocking engagement with the recess and in the release position allows a tumbling pin movement away from the housing into an inner position approximating the level sink of the control track.

A lock cylinder is known from German Offenlegungsschrift 34 24 336, in which the lock cylinder core can be locked in a conventional manner by keychain-controlled, spring-loaded tumbler pin pairs which, when the mysteriously adapted key is inserted, are arranged with their parting planes in the parting surface between the lock cylinder core and the lock cylinder housing. An axial sliding element is already provided in the lock cylinder core, which interacts with a core-side tumbler pin of a spring-loaded tumbler pin pair. The axial sliding element is axially biased by a spring in the direction of the entrance of the locking channel and can be axially displaced by a rib formed on the associated key, namely by its front end when the key is inserted. In its basic position, the axial sliding element engages in an annular groove of the tumbler pin at the core, so that it is locked against displacement. When the associated key is inserted, it first hits the stop surface of the axial sliding element with the front rib end, so that this is shifted and in the course of this shift comes with a constricted area in opposition to the core-side tumbler pin. Then the core tumbler pin can be moved through the key tip and the key chest. To really move the core-side tumbler pin, the key must be pushed in even further. With this further insertion of the key, the axial sliding element is moved further.

So that the core-side tumbler pin remains displaceable during this further displacement of the axial sliding element - its displacement is the goal of further insertion of the key - the constriction of the axial sliding element must be dimensioned such that during the entire remaining insertion path of the key (this is the insertion path, which begins with the beginning of the action of the key tip on the axial sliding element and only ends when the key is fully inserted into the key channel) the core-side tumbler pin remains in the region of the constriction.

The situation is completely different in the embodiment according to the invention. Here, the spring-free tumbler pin is locked by the axial sliding element when the key is pulled, in an external position, so that it is not acted upon by the key when it is inserted. The key can thus be fully inserted into the key channel without interaction with the at least one springless tumbler pin. It is therefore completely irrelevant in which phase of the key insertion path the axial sliding element is carried by the key. It is sufficient if the axial sliding element shortly before the key insertion path is completed just so much is taken away that it is transferred from its locked position to its release position. The release position of the axial sliding element is only required if, after the key has been inserted, a rotation of the lock cylinder core relative to the lock cylinder housing is initiated. For this reason, it is not necessary in the embodiment according to the invention to design the axial sliding element over a larger axial region of its length to release the tumbler pin.

Rather, it is basically sufficient if the axial sliding element is designed to release the springless tumbler pin only in such a length that in a single position forced by the fully retracted key it enables the springless tumbler pin to be released for its subsequent insertion movement by turning the cylinder core.

The locking and release effect between the tumbler pin and the axial sliding element can be made possible in that the tumbler pin and the axial sliding element are arranged so as to intersect in the locking cylinder core, wherein in the locked position of the axial sliding element this engages in a tumbler pin cutout and in the released position of the axial sliding element the tumbler pin is displaceable through a sliding element recess.

It is particularly possible that the tumbler pin recess is adapted to a profile of the axial sliding element such that the tumbler pin is fixed in the guide bore in the locking position of the axial sliding element essentially without play or / and that the sliding element recess is matched to a profile of the tumbler pin in such a way is that only in a single defined position of the axial sliding element corresponding to the release position of the axial sliding element is a displacement of the tumbler pin in its guide bore possible.

Production and assembly of the axial sliding element and the tumbler pin are particularly simple if the axial sliding element or / and the tumbler pin are designed with a cylindrical profile and the respective recess is designed as a ring recess.

The entrainment of the axial sliding element by the key can be made possible in that the entraining surface of the key is formed by the end pointing towards the key tip of a longitudinal groove running from this end towards the key tip in a key side surface, in particular the key side surface having the control track, and in that the axial sliding element has a driver stop projecting in the direction of the key channel, which is received by the longitudinal groove when it is inserted into the key channel.

This solution has a particular advantage over a solution known from German Offenlegungsschrift 34 24 336, in which the driving surface of the key is formed by the end of a rib attached to a broad side of the key pointing towards the key tip: the longitudinal groove can be arranged such that it is remote from the key tip In any case, the end of the inserted key lies within the key channel. Then there is no possibility of acting on the driver stop of the axial sliding element by means of a wire inserted in the area of the longitudinal groove and, as a result, unauthorizedly getting closer to a functional rotation of the lock cylinder core.

Different with the known embodiment according to DE-OS 34 24 336. Here, by filing the rib, the tip-near end of which is to serve as a driving surface, access to the driving stop of the axial sliding element can be created in a simple manner, because this rib is in a corresponding longitudinal groove the key channel must be included and this longitudinal groove is free when the rib is filed.

The solution according to the invention also increases the possibility of closing variations. It can be easily imagined that in a lock cylinder according to German Offenlegungsschrift 20 03 059 or also according to German Patent 31 23 511, by installing the axial sliding element according to the invention for interaction with one or more springless tumbler pins, the number of closure variations can be increased considerably, by influencing one, several or all of the springless tumbler pins by the axial sliding element and further by changing the locking cylinder or / and associated key by varying the position of the driving stop of the axial sliding element and / or by varying the driving surface of the associated profile-adapted and secret-adapted key. This is particularly important for the locking system application.

In addition, the protection against unauthorized breaking of the locking cylinder according to the method of core pulling is significantly increased by the invention. If, when the key is pulled, the axial sliding element holds one or in particular a plurality of tumbler pins in an external position in its locked position, by the tumbler pin or pins engaging in one or more recesses, this action counteracts the core pulling. The housing-side ends of the spring-free tumbler pins then dig into the in an attempt to pull the core, in particular according to the so-called corkscrew method a respective recess of the inner peripheral surface of the lock cylinder housing, at least when the recess or the recesses are limited in the axial direction. The springless tumbler pins are jammed between the inner circumferential surface of the housing and the axial sliding element at the latest when, during the course of an extension movement, a tumbler pin with its end near the housing abuts against an axial limitation of the recess.

The sliding channel can be designed as an axial bore which is separate from the key channel and is only connected to the key channel by an opening over part of its length, this opening allowing a driving engagement between the key and the axial sliding element. In this way, reliable guidance of the axial sliding element in the sliding channel that is not jammed is maintained.

For the sake of protecting the connection between the axial sliding element and the locking pin, the opening should be closed at at least one end, that is to say the end on the key insertion side. An opening in the other direction can be advantageous for the production.

The driving stop of the axial sliding element can be formed by a stop pin which penetrates the opening and, if appropriate, is received in a diametral bore in the axial sliding element.

For technical reasons, it can be advantageous to continue the breakthrough up to the outer circumferential surface of the lock cylinder core.

The spring means acting on the axial sliding element can be formed by a helical compression spring which is supported at one end of the sliding channel.

The recess on the inner circumferential surface of the core receiving bore, which is intended to engage the at least one tumbler pin, can in principle be formed by a longitudinal groove in the inner circumferential surface parallel to the axis of rotation, which is open in the axial direction at at least one end. The opening of this channel at one end is very advantageous for the production of this channel by broaching, drilling or milling.

In view of the aspect of pull-out protection for the lock cylinder core discussed above, on the other hand, it may be desirable for the recess to be limited in the axial direction by a pull-out inhibiting surface which interacts with the outer pin end. If several springless tumbler pins are provided and if one wants to use all or at least some of them to secure the lock cylinder core against being pulled out, it is recommended that the axial extent of the recesses in the inner circumferential surface of the core receiving bore approximately corresponds to the axial extent of the respective outer pin end.

As is known per se, the inner and / or the outer pin end can be designed approximately as a partial spherical surface. Other surface designs are also conceivable. It is only necessary that the inner pin end cooperates with the level-varied control path of the key broadside and that the outer end of the tumbler pin cooperates with the respective recess in the inner peripheral surface of the core receiving bore when a rotary movement of the lock cylinder core is initiated. The cam-like interaction of the inner tumbler ends with the level-varying control path takes place when, after the lock cylinder core has been rotated, the key is pulled in the zero position of the lock cylinder core intended for pulling the key, and those previously controlled in a radially inward direction when the lock cylinder core is turned Tumbler pins have to be pushed radially outwards again, into a position in which the axial sliding element returns to its blocking position and blocks the tumbler pin (s) in their outer position.

The locking cylinder can additionally be designed with spring-loaded pin tumblers, which are each formed from a core pin and a housing pin, these pins being aligned with one another in the basic rotational position of the locking cylinder core (zero position) and abutting against one another with separating surfaces. These dividing surfaces are then set in the area of the inner circumferential surface by means of a toothed key chest if the correct secret adapted to the key is used.

From the above it has become clear that the invention can basically be carried out with a single springless tumbler pin in cooperation with an axial sliding element, but that a preferred embodiment has a plurality of tumbler pins on at least one side of the key, these tumbler pins insofar as they relate to and same side of the key are arranged by a common axial sliding element can be influenced.

For manufacturing and assembly reasons, it is recommended that the interest pins have the same length and that the recesses of the inner circumferential surface assigned to them and the level sinks of the control track have the same depth. However, it should not be excluded that to further increase the possibility of variation, tumbler pins of different lengths are used, and accordingly the depth of the recesses and the level sinks is also varied.

Within the scope of the production program of a lock cylinder manufacturer, it is essential that the lock cylinders of a production line are not keyed alike, that is, cannot be locked with the same key, or that locking cylinders with the same key only occur so rarely that a meeting of a locking cylinder with the key of another locking cylinder with the same key is not to be expected according to the rules of probability. Accordingly, it is further proposed for a lock cylinder of the type considered here that it differs from lock cylinders of the same basic design at least by different axial position of the driving surface of the associated key or / and by different axial position of a driving stop on the respective axial sliding element.

If the locking cylinders according to the invention are used in the assembly of locking systems, it is provided that at least one of the locking cylinders of the locking system and its secret-adapted key differs from at least one other locking cylinder of the locking system and its secret-adapted key at least by the design according to the invention. This means that in a sliding channel of the locking cylinder core running parallel to the axis of rotation, at least one locking cylinder is slidably received by an axial sliding element which is biased by spring means into a locking position close to the end of the key insertion and by a driving surface of the entering profile-adapted and secret which is approachable against the driving stop Key is axially displaceable in a release position, wherein the axial sliding element blocks the shift of the tumbler pin in its guide bore in its locking position and releases the shift of the tumbler pin in the guide bore in its release position.

Furthermore, locking systems can be constructed from a plurality of locking cylinders according to the invention in such a way that at least one of these plurality of locking cylinders differs from at least one other of this plurality of locking cylinders at least by different axial positions of the driving surfaces of their associated secret-adapted keys or / and different axial positions of the driving stops acted upon by these driving surfaces, with the axial sliding element in a more secure locking cylinder with associated parent key permits the shift of the tumbler pin in a narrower axial release position range and the axial slide element permits the shift of the tumbler pin in a lower axial lock cylinder with the associated subordinate key in a larger axial release position range.

The invention also relates to a key suitable for use in lock cylinders according to the invention provided with a level-varying control path running approximately parallel to the axis of rotation in at least one key side surface, insofar as the driving surface of the key extends from the end pointing towards the key tip to an end extending from this end to the key tip Longitudinal groove is formed in a key side surface, in particular if this longitudinal groove is arranged in the key side surface having a control path. It was pointed out above during the treatment of the locking cylinder which security-related advantages result from the fact that the driving surface of the key is formed by the end of a longitudinal groove running towards the key tip.

The invention further relates to a method for producing a combination of a lock cylinder according to the invention and an associated secret-adapted key. The method according to the invention provides that, after the presence of a locking cylinder with a predetermined locking position of the axial sliding element and a predetermined position of the driving stop, a key blank adapted to the profile is provided with a longitudinal groove whose one end remote from the key tip acts as a driving surface for interacting with the driving stop serves such that after the key has been fully inserted into the key channel, the axial sliding element is in the release position. If one speaks here of the "presence of the locking cylinder", this does not necessarily mean that the locking cylinder must be physically present. It can also only exist in planning documents. The key blank can then be further processed by providing it with the level sink (s) in the area of a longitudinal zone suitable as a control path, by providing notches in the key face and by milling longitudinal grooves determining the profile.

Figur 1

das Schema eines Schließzylinders erfindungsgemäßer Bauart bei gezogenem Schlüssel;

Figur 2

einen Schnitt nach Linie II-II der Fig. 1;

Figur 3

den Schließzylinder gemäß Fig. 1 bei eingestecktem profil- und geheimnisangepaßten Schlüssel;

Figur 4

einen Schnitt nach Linie IV-IV der Fig. 3;

Figur 5

einen die Bohrungsachse und die Schlüsselbrust enthaltenden Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder;

Figur 6

einen Schnitt nach Linie VI-VI der Fig. 5 bei gestecktem geheimnisangepaßtem Schlüssel in der Grunddrehstellung des Schließzylinderkerns;

Figur 7

einen Schnitt entsprechend Fig. 6 nach Durchführung einer Teildrehung des Schließzylinderkerns;

Figur 8

einen Schnitt entsprechend Fig. 6 bei gezogenem Schlüssel;

Figur 9

einen Längsschnitt entsprechend Fig. 5 mit einem eingeführten profilangepaßten Schlüssel wobei jedoch dieser Schlüssel nicht geheimnisangepaßt ist;

Figur 10

einen Schnitt nach Linie X-X der Fig. 9;

Figur 11

eine Seitenansicht eines zu einem erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder passenden Schlüssels;

Figur 12

einen Schnitt nach Linie XII-XII der Fig. 11;

Figur 13

einen Schnitt nach Linie XIII-XIII der Fig. 11;

Figur 14 bis 15a

das Schema des Aufbaus einer Schließanlage unter Einsatz von erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylindern und

Figur 16

eine realistische Ausführungsform eines zu einer Schließanlage gehörenden Schließzylinders entsprechend Fig. 15.

The accompanying figures explain the invention using exemplary embodiments. They represent:

Figure 1

the diagram of a lock cylinder type according to the invention with the key removed;

Figure 2

a section along line II-II of Fig. 1;

Figure 3

the lock cylinder of Figure 1 with inserted profile and secret key.

Figure 4

a section along line IV-IV of Fig. 3;

Figure 5

a longitudinal section containing the bore axis and the key face through a lock cylinder according to the invention;

Figure 6

a section along line VI-VI of Figure 5 with inserted secret key in the basic rotational position of the lock cylinder core.

Figure 7

a section corresponding to Figure 6 after performing a partial rotation of the lock cylinder core.

Figure 8

a section corresponding to Figure 6 with the key pulled.

Figure 9

a longitudinal section corresponding to Figure 5 with an inserted profile-adapted key, but this key is not secret-adapted;

Figure 10

a section along line XX of Fig. 9;

Figure 11

a side view of a key to a lock cylinder according to the invention;

Figure 12

a section along line XII-XII of Fig. 11;

Figure 13

a section along line XIII-XIII of Fig. 11;

Figure 14 to 15a

the scheme of the construction of a locking system using locking cylinders according to the invention and

Figure 16

15 shows a realistic embodiment of a locking cylinder belonging to a locking system corresponding to FIG. 15.

1 to 4, a lock cylinder housing is designated by 10. This lock cylinder housing has a cylinder core receiving bore 12, the peripheral surface of which is designated 12a. A locking cylinder core 14 with a key channel 16 is inserted into the cylinder core receiving bore 12. A sliding channel 18, which has an axial sliding element 20 in the form of an essentially cylindrical pin, runs parallel to the key channel 16 within the lock cylinder core. The sliding channel 18 is closed at both ends by a plug 22 and 24, respectively. One stopper 22 forms a stop for that Axial sliding element 20 in its locked position while a helical compression spring 26 is supported on the other stopper 24. A guide bore 28, which receives a springless tumbler pin 30, extends essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the key channel 16.

In Fig. 3, a profile and secret adapted key 32 is used in the key channel 16. This key has a key handle 32a and a key shaft 32b. The key shaft 32b has two side surfaces 32c and 32d. A level-varied control track 32e is formed on the side surface 32c. One recognizes within this control path 32e a level sink 32f for the engagement of the springless tumbler pin 30, which opposite this level sink 32f has a part-spherical end 30a. As can also be seen from FIG. 4, the other end 30b of the tumbler pin 30, which is also partially spherical, engages in a recess 12b in the inner peripheral surface 12a of the lock cylinder bore 12. FIG. 3 shows that when the pin end 30b engages in the recess 12b, the other pin end 30a does not engage in the level depression 32f. 3 and 4, with the key 32 inserted, the locking cylinder core 14 is rotated, the tumbler pin 30 is displaced radially inward, as shown in FIG. 4, a cam-like interaction of the partially spherical pin end 30b and the recess 12b occurs in the course of the tumbler pin 30 is moved in the direction of the level sink until it comes to rest with its part-spherical end 30a at the bottom of the level sink 32f. Then the part-spherical end 30b is retracted radially inwards to such an extent that it either lies against the inner circumferential surface 12a or faces it with a small radial distance. The lock cylinder core 14 can then be rotated by turning the key 32 further.

A longitudinal groove 32h is milled into the key shaft 32b adjacent to the key tip 32g, the end of which is used as a driving surface 32i is formed. It can now be seen in FIGS. 1 and 3 that the axial sliding element 20 has a stop pin 20b which penetrates the axial sliding element diametrically and rests with its right end in FIG. 3 of the driving surface 32i of the key 32. The stop pin 20b is received axially movably within an opening 14b of the lock cylinder core 14.

While in FIG. 1 the axial sliding element 20 assumes its uppermost position, determined by the plug 22, under the action of the spring 26, according to FIG. 3, when the key 32 is inserted into the key channel 16, the stop pin 20b is through the driving surface 32i has been taken down, so that the axial sliding element 20 has been moved downward against the action of the spring 26.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the axial sliding element 20 has an annular recess 20c which, in the position according to FIG. 1, lies outside the region of the tumbler pin 30. Furthermore, the tumbler pin 30, as can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, has an annular recess 30d. 2 clearly shows that when the key is pulled, that is, when the axial sliding element 20 assumes its uppermost position, that is to say its blocking position, the axial sliding element 20 engages with an axial region of full cross section in the ring recess 30d of the tumbler pin 30, so that the tumbler pin 30 is blocked in its radially outermost position shown in FIG. 2.

3 and 4, when the key is inserted on the stop pin 20b, the axial sliding element 20 has come down so far that its ring recess 20c now lies in the region of the tumbler pin 30. It is then possible to push the tumbler pin 30, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 4, radially inward from its radially outermost position according to FIG. 4 until the part-spherical shape Pin end 30a engages in the level depression 32f of the key 32.

3 and 4, a rotation of the lock cylinder core 14 with respect to the lock cylinder housing 10 is only possible when the ring recess 20c of the axial sliding element 20 has entered the region of the guide bore 28. This presupposes that the driving surface 32 assumes a corresponding position along the longitudinal axis of the key shaft 32b or, in other words, that the longitudinal groove 32h has a corresponding length.

If, starting from the key insertion or withdrawal position, that is the basic rotational position or zero position of the lock cylinder core 14, this is rotated by acting on the key handle 32a, the tumbler pin 30 is, as already described above, by the cam-like interaction of the spherical pin end 30b with the Recess 12b pressed radially inward into the level depression 32f of the key shaft 32b. Since the tumbler pin 30 is springless, it remains in the radially inner position thus reached. It can be easily seen from FIG. 4 that after the tumbler pin 30 has been radially displaced inward until its partially spherical end 30a has reached the bottom of the level depression 32f, the tumbler pin 30 then has a full cross-sectional area VQ, which is illustrated in FIG Ring recess 20c of the axial sliding element 20 engages, so that the axial sliding element 20 is now also secured by the tumbler pin 30 in its axial position according to FIG. 3 achieved by inserting the key.

If the key 32 is pulled out of the key channel 16 at a later time after the locking cylinder core 14 has been reset to its basic rotational position or zero position, the axial sliding element 20 cannot immediately follow the upward movement of the driving surface 32i, because the tumbler pin 30 is included its section VQ initially prevents the upward movement of the axial sliding element 20. Now, however, when the key is withdrawn, a cam-like interaction occurs between the part-spherical end 30a of the tumbler pin 30 on the one hand and the edge region of the level depression 32f on the other hand, and in the course of this interaction the tumbler pin 30 is again moved radially outward into the position in which it is in the 1 to 4 is shown. As soon as the position of the tumbler pin 30 according to FIGS. 1 to 4 is reached again, the axial sliding element 20 can spring back into its uppermost position according to FIG. 1 under the action of the spring 26. The state according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is thus restored.

5 shows a longitudinal section in a realistic embodiment of a locking cylinder, namely a double locking cylinder with a U-shaped housing 110, in a state which corresponds to the state according to FIGS. 3 and 4. Analog parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 4, each increased by the number 100. The axial sliding element 120 has been displaced to the left by the complete insertion of the key 132 into the key channel against the action of the helical compression spring 126 (one considers the Distance between the right end of the axial sliding element 120 and the plug 122). A position has thus been reached in which the ring recesses 1201c to 1204c of the axial sliding element 120 lie in the region of the springless tumbler pins 1301 to 1304, so that the lock cylinder core 114 can be rotated from the key handle 132a. In addition, it can be seen that the key 132 is designed with a key tip 1321 and a toothed key face 132m. The toothed key face 132m serves to control a series of spring-loaded pin tumblers, which are indicated schematically in FIG. 5 by dash-dotted lines. 6 shows that the spring-loaded pin tumblers each consist of a core-side tumbler pin 1403b, a tumbler pin on the housing side 1403a and a spring 1403c, whereby in the case of inserting a secret-adapted key with a toothing 132m corresponding to the length of the tumbler pins, the pins 1403a and 1403b are set in such a way that their parting plane coincides with the inner peripheral surface 112a, so that the lock cylinder core 114 when the key is inserted 132 can be rotated. Otherwise, the representation of FIG. 6 corresponds to that of FIG. 4; It can be easily seen that, due to the axial setting of the axial sliding element 120, inserting a mysteriously adapted key 132 allows the locking cylinder core 114 to be rotated by means of the key 132, because the tumbler pin 1302 lies in the area of the ring recess 1202c, so that it does not lock is freely displaceable by the axial sliding element 120 and can be displaced radially inward by the cam-like interaction of the outer spherical tumbler pin 1302b with the edge region of the recess 1122b when the locking cylinder core 114 is rotated, with its radially inner, also partly spherical end 1302a in the level depression 1322f of the key 132 occurs.

5 and 6, instead of a tumbler pin, a plurality of tumbler pins are provided, which are designated by 1301 to 1304. The number of tumbler pins does not change the basic mode of operation of the locking cylinder compared to the mode of operation described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

A state can be seen in FIG. 7 which, starting from the state according to FIG. 6, has been achieved by rotating the lock cylinder core 114 in the counterclockwise direction, the tumbler pin 1302 having been displaced radially inward, so that its full cross section is inserted into the ring recess 1202c engages.

In Fig. 8 you can see the state of the lock cylinder, which is results from the state shown in FIG. 7 by completely removing the key 132. After the key 132 has been pulled out completely, all tumbler pins 1301 to 1304 and thus also the tumbler pin 1302 according to FIG. 8 are radial due to the cam-like interaction of the radially inner pin ends, that is to say the approximately radially inner tumbler pin end 1302a with the level sinks 1321f to 1324f of the key 132 pushed outwards into the position shown in FIG. 8, so that finally the axial sliding element 120 could spring back into its blocking position (in which, according to FIG. 5, the right end of the axial sliding element 120 lies against the plug 122 and the ring recesses of the individual tumbler pins as in FIG. 8 with the aid of the ring recess 1302d, each receiving a full cross-section of the axial sliding element 120).

This makes turning the lock cylinder core impossible. It can thus be seen that the locking mechanism of the lock cylinder core 114 in the basic rotational position or zero position when the key is removed is no longer effected solely by the spring-loaded tumbler pin pair 1403a, 1403b, but also by the springless tumbler pins 1301 to 1304, which according to the prior art are used to prevent rotation of the lock cylinder core could not easily contribute with the key removed.

It should also be noted that, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the recesses 1122b to etc. are individual recesses in the inner circumferential surface 112a, so that in the state according to FIG. 8 an axial pull-out attempt on the lock cylinder core 114 also fails is condemned because in such an attempt the tumbler pins 1301 to 1304 would all have to be pressed radially inward by cam-like interaction of their radially outer ends 1302 to etc. with the boundary surfaces of the recesses 1122b, but this is prevented by the locking action of the axial sliding element 120 and therefore leads to a clamping.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a locking cylinder corresponding to FIGS. 5 to 8, but now a key 132 'is inserted. This key 132 'corresponds in its profile and in its breast teeth to the key 132, but is nevertheless not suitable for opening the locking cylinder, because the arrangement of the level sinks 1321'f to 1324'f in the key 132' does not correspond to the pin distribution and because the length of the slot 132'h is changed, with the result that when the key 132 'is inserted, the tumbler pins 1301 to 1304, as shown in FIG. 10 with the aid of the pin 1302, are locked, specifically because the axial sliding element 120 is also locked Full cross-section sections engages in the ring recesses of the tumbler pins (as shown in FIG. 10 by the engagement of the axial sliding element 120 in the ring recess 1302d).

11, 12, 13, the key 132 is shown in detail. One can see in these figures in particular the arrangement of the longitudinal groove 132h, the length of which is variable from the lock cylinder to the lock cylinder is responsible for the position of the driving surface 132i and is therefore also a determining factor for the locking secret.

14, 15, 14a and 15a, a small locking system is shown, consisting of a lock cylinder for an executive room (Fig. 14) and a lock cylinder for the secretary's room (Fig. 15). The locking system is constructed in such a way that the boss can use his key 32 according to FIG. 14 to actuate both the locking cylinder of his own room, according to FIG. 14, and the locking cylinder of his secretary's room, according to FIG. 15, but the secretary with its key 32 'can only actuate the lock cylinder of their own room, as shown in FIG. 15, but not the lock cylinder of the executive room, as shown in FIG. 14.

The locking cylinder shown in FIG. 14 together with the associated key also corresponds with regard to the state shown completely of Fig. 1. Reference can be made to the description there. The locking cylinder according to FIG. 15 is modified compared to that according to FIG. 14, specifically as follows: The axial length of the ring recess 20'c in the axial sliding element 20 'has been changed. The length of the longitudinal groove 32'h in the key 32 'has also been changed. The position of the driving surface 32'i has thus also changed in comparison to the position of the driving surface 32i for the key 32. It can be seen that in FIG. 15 the tumbler pin 30 'can be displaced when the key is inserted because it is located in the area of the elongated ring recess 20c', in the upper part of this ring recess 20c '. The key 32 ', that is, the secretary's key, can thus unlock the lock according to FIG. 15, that is the lock in the door to the secretary's room.

That the key 32 of the boss can unlock the lock cylinder according to FIG. 14 in the door to the executive room need not be explained in more detail. For this purpose, reference is made to the explanations for FIGS. 1 to 4.

Now the boss wants to unlock the lock to his secretary's room with his key 32. This experiment is shown in Fig. 15a. It can be seen that when the key 32 is inserted into the lock according to FIG. 15a, the axial sliding element 20 'is shifted less than when the key 32' is inserted according to FIG. 15. Nevertheless, due to the increased length of the ring recess 20 'is after insertion of the key 32, the tumbler pin 30 'is still in the area of the extended recess 20'c, so that the boss can use his key 32 to unlock the door to his secretary's room (FIG. 15a).

Now the secretary wants to unlock the lock to the boss's room according to FIG. 14 with her key 32 'according to FIG. 15. This state is shown in Fig. 14a, where the lock cylinder is the same as in Fig. 14, that is, the lock cylinder of the boss, but the secretary's key 32 'is inserted.

According to FIG. 14 a, when the key 32 ′ is inserted, the axial sliding element 20 is shifted further down than when the correct key 32 according to FIG. 14 is inserted. As a result, the ring recess 20 c, which is short in the axial direction, has emerged from the region of the tumbler pin 30. so that the axial sliding element 20 engages with a section of full cross section in the ring recess 30d of the tumbler pin 30 (see FIG. 2). This means that the tumbler pin 30 is locked by the axial sliding element 20, that is to say it cannot emerge from the recess 12b if an attempt is made to turn the locking cylinder 14 by means of the inserted key 32 '. There is therefore a locking system with a superordinate locking cylinder according to FIG. 14 and the associated key 32 and with a subordinate locking cylinder according to FIG. 15 and the associated key 32 '. While the key 32 allows both lock cylinders according to FIGS. 14 and 15 to be actuated, the key 32 ′ only allows the lock cylinder according to FIG. 15 to be actuated.

FIG. 16 finally shows a realistic illustration for a locking cylinder corresponding to the design according to FIG. 15. Here, as in FIG. 15, the elongated ring recesses 1201'c to 1204'c can be seen, which have the same effect as in the embodiment of a locking cylinder 15 the elongated ring recess 20'c.

The lock according to FIG. 16 can thus be used as a subordinate lock, for example in connection with a lock cylinder according to FIG. 5.

Claims (26)

1. Lock cylinder comprising

   a lock cylinder housing (10) having a housing bore (12) limited by an inner peripheral surface (12a), a lock cylinder core (14), accommodated rotating about an axis of rotation in the housing bore (12), with a keyway (16) which, starting from a key-insertion end at one end of the lock cylinder core (14), runs substantially parallel to the axis of rotation and for the accommodation of profile-matched keys (32) is designed with at least one level-varied control track (32e) running approximately parallel to the axis of rotation in at least one side face (32c), and at least one springless tumbler pin (30) in at least one guide bore (28) of the lock cylinder core (14), whose bore axis lies in a tumbler plane approximately orthogonal to the axis of rotation and runs to the control track (32e),

   where this tumbler pin (30) is displaceable in the guide bore (28) along its bore axis and in a basic rotational position of the lock cylinder core (14) after introduction of a profile and secrecy-matched key (32) is adjusted or adjustable into a loose position in which it permits a desired operational release rotation of the lock cylinder core (14) about the axis of rotation, while upon introduction of a profile-matched but not secrecy-matched key (132') it is adjustable into a locking position in which it prevents the lock cylinder core from rotating in the direction of the operational release position,

   characterized in
   that an axial slide element (20) with a lock-in stop (20b) is accommodated displaceable in a slideway (18) of the lock cylinder core (14) running parallel to the axis of rotation, which slide element is pretensioned by spring means (26) in a locking position near the key-insertion end (cf. Fig. 1) and is axially displaceable into a release position (cf. Fig. 3) by a lock-in face (32i) of the entering profile-matched and secrecy-matched key (32) capable of approaching the lock-in stop, where the axial slide element (20) in its locking position arrests displacement of the tumbler pin (30) in its guide bore (28) and in its release position releases displacement of the tumbler pin (30) in the guide bore (28).
2. Lock cylinder,

   comprising a lock cylinder housing (10) having a housing bore (12) limited by an inner peripheral surface (12a) and at least one recess (12b) in the inner peripheral surface (12a), a lock cylinder core (14), accommodated rotating about an axis of rotation in the housing bore (12), with a keyway (16) which, starting from a key-insertion end at one end of the lock cylinder core (14), runs substantially parallel to the axis of rotation and for the accommodation of profile-matched keys (32) is designed with at least one level-varied control track (32e), running approximately parallel to the axis of rotation, in at least one side face (32e), and at least one springless tumbler pin (30) in at least one guide bore (28) of the lock cylinder core (14), whose bore axis lies in a tumbler plane approximately orthogonal to the axis of rotation and runs to the control track (32e),

   where this tumbler pin (30) is displaceable in the guide bore (28) along its bore axis and in a basic position of the lock cylinder core (14) an outer end (30b) of the tumbler pin is in alignment with the recess (12b), and

   where the motion of displacement of the tumbler pin (30) is controlled, on the one hand, by interaction of an inner pin end (30a) with the control track (32e) of a profile-matched key (32) and, on the other, by interaction of an outer pin end (30b) with a recess-limiting face (12b) at the inner peripheral surface (12a), specifically in such a way that

   a) in a basic rotational position of the lock cylinder core (14), owing to interaction of the inner pin end (30a) with the guide track (32e) of a profile-matched and secrecy-matched key (32), the outer tumbler pin end (30b) is displaced outward in the direction of the recess (12b) of the inner peripheral surface (12a), which recess (12b) is aligned with the outer pin end (30b) in the basic rotational position, and

   b) after insertion of a profile-matched and secrecy-matched key (32), upon subsequent rotation of the lock cylinder core (14) out of the basic rotational position, the tumbler pin (30), owing to the recess-limiting surface (12b), is displaceable inward in the direction of the keyway (16) with approach of the inner pin end (30a) toward a setback (32f) of the control track (32e) locationally matched to the position of the recess (12b),

   while after insertion of a profile-matched but not secrecy-matched key (132') the tumbler pin (30) prevents rotation of the lock cylinder core (14) by jamming between the control track (32e) and the recess-limiting face (12b),

   characterized in
   that an axial slide element (20) with a lock-in stop (20b) is accommodated displaceable in a slideway (18) of the lock cylinder core (14) running parallel to the axis of rotation, which slide element is pretensioned by spring means (26) in a locking position near the key-insertion end (cf. Fig. 1) and is axially displaceable into a release position (Fig. 3) by a lock-in face (32i) of the entering profile-matched and secrecy-matched key (32) capable of approaching the lock-in stop (20b), where the axial slide element (20) in the locking position (cf. Fig. 1) holds the tumbler pin (30) in an outer position and thus in core-rotation-blocking engagement with the recess (12b) and in the release position (cf. Fig.3) permits motion of the tumbler pin (30) away from the housing (10) to an inner position approaching the setback (32f) of the control track (32e).
3. Lock cylinder according to claim 2,
   characterized in
   that the tumbler pin (30) and the axial slide element (20) are arranged crossing in the lock cylinder core (14), where in the locking position of the axial slide element (20) the latter engages in a tumbler pin recess (30d) and where in the release position of the axial slide element (20) the tumbler pin (30) is displaceable by a recess (20c) of the slide element.
4. Lock cylinder according to claim 3,
   characterized in
   that the tumbler pin recess (30d) is matched to a profile of the axial slide element (20) so that the tumbler pin (30), in the locking position (Fig. 1) of the axial slide element (20), is fixed substantially free from play in its guide bore (28) or/and in that the recess (20c) of the slide element is matched with a profile of the tumbler pin (30) so that displacement of the tumbler pin (30) in its guide bore (28) is possible only in a single definite position of the axial slide element (20), corresponding to the release position (Fig. 3) of the axial slide element (20).
5. Lock cylinder according to either of claims 3 or 4,
   characterized in
   that the axial slide element (20) or/and the tumbler pin (30) are designed with a cylindrical profile and the respective recess (20c, 30d) is designed as an annular recess.
6. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in

   that the lock-in face (32i) of the key (32) is formed by the end, pointing toward the key tip, of a longitudinal groove (32h) running from this end to the key tip in a side face (32c) of the key, in particular the side face (32c) of the key having the control track (32e), and

   in that the axial slide element (20) has a lock-in stop (20b), projecting in the direction of the keyway (16), which upon insertion in the keyway (16) is accommodated by the longitudinal groove (32h).
7. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in
   that the slideway 18 is designed as an axial bore, separate from the keyway (16), which is connected with the keyway (16) on only part of its length by an opening (14b), where this opening (14b) permits a lock-in engagement between the key (32) and the axial slide element (20).
8. Lock cylinder according to claim 7,
   characterized in
   that the opening (14b) is closed in axial direction at at least one end.
9. Lock cylinder according to claim 7 or 8,
   characterized in
   that the lock-in stop (20b) of the axial slide element (20) is formed by a stop pin (20b) which penetrates the opening (14b) and optionally is accommodated in a diametrical bore of the axial slide element (20).
10. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 7 to 9,
    characterized in
    that the opening (14b) is continued all the way to the outer peripheral surface of the lock cylinder core (14).
11. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in
    that the spring means (16) are formed by a helical compression spring (26) which is supported at one end (24) of the slideway (18).
12. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 2 to 11,
    characterized in
    that the recess (12b) is formed by a longitudinal channel in the inner peripheral surface (12a), parallel to the axis of rotation, which is open in axial direction at at least one end.
13. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 2 to 11,
    characterized in
    that the recess (12b) is limited in axial direction by an extraction-preventing face cooperating with the outer pin end (30b).
14. Lock cylinder according to claim 13,
    characterized in
    that the axial extension of the recess (12b) corresponds approximately to the axial extension of the outer pin end (30b).
15. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 14,
    characterized in
    that the inner and/or the outer pin end (30a, 30b) is designed approximately as a semispherical surface.
16. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 15,
    characterized in
    that it is designed with spring-loaded pin tumblers (1403a, 1403b) each of which is formed of a core pin (1403b) and a housing pin (1403a) which in the basic rotational position are aligned with one another and whose parting planes rest on one another, where these parting planes are adjustable by a toothed key breast (132m) in the region of the inner peripheral surface (112).
17. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 16,
    characterized by a plurality of tumbler pins (1301 to 1304) on at least one side face of the key (132), where these tumbler pins (1301 to 1304) are capable of being influenced by an axial slide element (120) common to them.
18. Lock cylinder according to claim 17,
    characterized in
    that the tumbler pins (1301 to 1304) all have a like length and in that the recesses (1202c) of the inner peripheral surface assigned to them and the setbacks (1321f to 1324f) of the control track have a like depth.
19. Lock cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 18,
    characterized in
    that it can differ from lock cylinders of the same basic design at least by unlike axial location of the lock-in face (32i) of the associated key (32) or/and by unlike axial location of a lock-in stop (20b) on the respective axial slide element (20).
20. Lock system having a plurality of lock cylinders according to the generic clause of claim 1, as well as of associated keys,
    characterized in

    that at least one of the lock cylinders of the lock system and its secrecy-matched key (32) differ from at least one other lock cylinder of the lock system and its secrecy-matched key at least by the presence of the features of the characterizing portion of claim 1 and optionally the features according to any of claims 2 to 18, and in

    that the secrecy-matched key (32) of the at least one lock cylinder designed according to the characterizing portion of claim 1 is designed as a master key for operation of the at least one other lock cylinder designed without the features of the characterizing portion of claim 1.
21. Lock system having a plurality of lock cylinders according to claim 1 or 2 and optionally according to any of claims 3 to 18, as well as of associated keys,
    characterized in
    that at least one of this plurality of lock cylinders differs from at least one other of this plurality of lock cylinders at least by unlike axial locations of the lock-in faces (32i, 32'i) of their associated secrecy-matched key (32, 32') or/and unlike axial locations of the lock-in stop (20b, 20'b) acted upon by these lock-in faces (32i, 32'i), where, in a highly secure lock cylinder with an associated master key (32), the axial slide element (20) permits displacement of the tumbler pin (30) in a narrow axial release position region and, in a less secure lock cylinder with associated subordinate key (32'), the axial slide element permits displacement of the tumbler pin in a greater axial release position region.
22. Key for a lock cylinder according to any of claims 3 to 18, provided witgh at least one level-varied control track (32e), running approximately parallel to the axis of rotation, in at least one side face of the key,
    characterized in
    that the lock-in face (32i) of the key is formed by the end (32i), pointing toward the key tip, of a longitudinal groove (32h) in a side face (32) of the key running from this end to the key tip, in particular the side face (32c) having a control track (32e).
23. Process for production of a combination of a lock cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 21 and an associated secrecy-matched key,
    characterized in
    that after presence of a lock cylinder with a predetermined locking position of the axial slide element (20) and a predetermined location of the lock-in stop (20b), a profile-matched key blank (32) is provided with a longitudinal groove whose one end distant from the key tip serves as lock-in face (32i) for cooperating with the lock-in stop (20b), so that after complete insertion of the key (32) in the keyway (16) the axial slide element (20) is found in release position.
24. Process according to claim 23,
    characterized in
    that the key blank is provided with the setback or setbacks (32f) in the region of a control track (32e).
25. Process according to claim 23 or 24,
    characterized in
    that the key blank is provided with notches in a key breast.
26. Process according to any of claims 23 to 25,
    characterized in
    that the cross-sectional profile of the key blank is provided with profiling grooves.

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