EP0567551A1 - Device for causing an untuned structure to vibrate ultrasonically. - Google Patents

Device for causing an untuned structure to vibrate ultrasonically.

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Publication number
EP0567551A1
EP0567551A1 EP92904057A EP92904057A EP0567551A1 EP 0567551 A1 EP0567551 A1 EP 0567551A1 EP 92904057 A EP92904057 A EP 92904057A EP 92904057 A EP92904057 A EP 92904057A EP 0567551 A1 EP0567551 A1 EP 0567551A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
ultrasonic device
tuned
converter
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92904057A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0567551B1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Dubruque
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Sodeva
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Individual
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B07B1/40—Resonant vibration screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2230/00—Specific aspects relating to the whole B07B subclass
    • B07B2230/04—The screen or the screened materials being subjected to ultrasonic vibration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for ultrasonic vibration of one or more non-tuned structure (s).
  • These structures can be of very different types, however within the framework of the present description, one will be limited essentially to a sieving structure, without this being to be interpreted as a limitation of the object of the present invention.
  • FR- ⁇ - 2 233 108 which describes sieving equipment provided with an ultrasonic transducer placed in direct contact with the sieving fabric. -0 It will be observed that such a device is limited to circular sieves. The emission of ultrasound being done from a single anchor point, the mesh is also subjected to non-negligible stresses at this level, which can cause its premature wear and, consequently, pollution of the passing product. . -5 In the case of the screen using several stages of canvas. it is necessary to multiply by as much the number of transducers with the complexity of assembly that this imposes.
  • This device of the prior art has another drawback insofar as, in all cases. the converter will be exposed directly to the treated product and ra 30 therefore most of the time be sealed.
  • the present invention specifically aims to develop an ultrasonic vibration device which allows to overcome all the drawbacks of the devices of the prior art.
  • the main object of the present invention is to make a support structure resonant, for example a support for canvas, membrane or any other plate which, by construction, has no resonance at the frequency used by the ultrasonic transmitter.
  • the ultrasonic device according to the invention also aims to optimize the ultrasonic performance, whatever the shapes and dimensions of the structure to be vibrated.
  • one of the main objectives of the present invention has been to prevent the ultrasonic transducer from coming into direct contact with the screen fabric or the working membrane.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to excite the mesh from ultrasonic energy previously distributed in its support frame, thus limiting as much as possible the stresses at the anchor points.
  • the ultrasonic device, according to the present invention must also be able to adapt to existing structures by modifying the geometric shape of the connecting elements tuned in whole multiples. half wavelength of the delivered frequency.
  • a device for vibrating at an ultrasonic frequency of a non-tuned structure which is characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one electroacoustic converter rigidly fixed to said structure by means of metallic fasteners tuned to the frequency of the converter, the structural links being located in a belly area of amplitude of said fasteners and the resonance of the assembly being ensured by the fixing of a nut or any metallic assembly tuned as an integer multiple of half-wavelength.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show two different types of profiling of coupling rods, so as to adapt to the dimensional constraints of a structure to be vibrated, while respecting the resonance frequency;
  • FIGS 3 to 8 illustrate different variants of embodiments intended to set ultrasonic vibration of single or multiple structures affecting different shapes.
  • one of the essential aims of the ultrasonic device is to be able to easily adapt to different types of pre-existing structures as well as to structures having shapes and dimensions imposed according to their destination.
  • the ultrasonic device according to the invention achieves this objective, for example using the two embodiments shown diagrammatically in FIGS. J and 2.
  • the structure has been shown diagrammatically by the representation bearing the reference 10.
  • U is a structure of any kind which is not granted, for example a structure supporting any working member, in particular a screen cloth .
  • the ultrasonic device according to the invention firstly comprises an electroacoustic converter 12 which must therefore be rigidly fixed to said structure 10.
  • the connections with the structure 10 are located in an area belly of amplitude V.
  • This fixing is carried out by means of metallic elements which are tuned to the frequency of the converter, it being understood that the length of said elements includes the thickness of the connecting lugs with the structure 10.
  • the metal fastening elements consist of coupling bars 1.
  • the coupling bars 14 are interposed between two walls facing the structure 10.
  • these metal fasteners must be tuned to the frequency of the converter. In this case, they were chosen at half the wavelength of the frequency supplied by the ultrasonic converter, the resonance of the assembly implying the presence of a nut or any metallic element tuned to the frequency of work in extension of the connecting elements.
  • the ultrasonic converter can be constituted by one or more transmitters of any kind, it can indeed be electro-static, magnetostrictive, electrocapacitive, or even piezoelectric transmitters.
  • the coupling bars have an outer surface which has been profiled so as to adapt to the particular dimensional configuration of the structure and so as to respect the resonance.
  • the ultrasonic device of FIG. 1 there is illustrated a way of intervening over the length of a half-wave at the frequency of the converter 12.
  • the surface outside of the coupling bars 14 has, in the vicinity of their nodal area, a radii narrowing 16 having a symmetry of revolution about the axis of said bars 14.
  • FIG. 2 This particular embodiment in which the coupling bars have a narrowed shape in the vicinity of their nodal region due to the presence of a groove or the like 16, makes it possible to reduce the coupling bars 14, while retaining the resonance.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 involves coupling bars 14 whose external surface has, still in the vicinity of their nodal region, a radial bulge 18 also having a symmetry of revolution about the axis bars 14.
  • This particular profiling adopted in the embodiment of FIG. 2 makes it possible on the contrary to lengthen the length of the coupling bars 14, still respecting the natural frequency of the converter 12.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 represents the vibration of a support frame 10 on which is held a filter cloth 20.
  • the attachment of the vibration device is carried out on two opposite sides 22, 24 of the support frame 10.
  • the electroacoustic device used is composed in this configuration of a unidirectional converter 12, of a coupling rod 26 which is tuned as an integer multiple of half wavelength, thus than a nut 28 also tuned in half wavelength. Note that the attachment of this set of vibration on the support frame 10 is also carried out in a belly area of amplitude.
  • the connection between the various elements present, namely, the converter 12, the coupling bar 26 and the tuned nut 28, is advantageously obtained by screwing through orifices made in the opposite parts of the support 10.
  • the rigid connection of the setting device in vibration with the structure 10 can be achieved by any other suitable means, the main thing being to obtain a perfectly rigid connection between the structure and the vibrationnei device. This is how recourse may be had to forcibly fitting the various bodies present, or else to bonding and / or welding.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment making it possible to resonate a circular structure 30 which is not tuned, between fixing lugs 32 and 34 secured to the structure 30.
  • two end bars 36 and 38 ensure the tightening of the electroacoustic assembly on the aforementioned fixing lugs 32 and 34.
  • the coupling bars 36 and 38 are tuned in an integer multiple of half wavelength of the frequency emitted by the converter 12.
  • the external surface of the coupling bars 36 and 38 can be profiled to adapt to the particular configuration of the frame 30 while respecting the resonant frequency of the converter 12.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 relates to a variant of the device shown in FIG. 3.
  • the electroacoustic assembly constituted by the converter 12 and the two associated coupling bars 40 and 42 have been arranged outside the area of work of the support frame 10 carrying the filter cloth 20.
  • the coupling bars 40, 42 can also be welded or preferably screwed to the converter, the connection with the extension of the parts of the support frame can also advantageously be carried out by screwing a nut granted on the threaded end 44 of each coupling rod 40, 42.
  • any suitable rigid attachment means can be used, the main thing being to achieve good mechanical connection between the support frame 10 and the ultrasonic device of the invention.
  • This particular embodiment in which the ultrasonic device is arranged outside the working area of the structure 10, has the advantage of being able to be used for example in a humid atmosphere. It will also be noted that this design makes it possible to implant the structure, or even the entire structure and the electroacoustic device, within a sealed chamber where a controlled atmosphere of gas prevails.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment in which a converter 12 produces the excitation of a stack of three identical structures 10 constituted by support frames of filter cloth.
  • each of the structures 10 vibrates in its own mode and in resonance with the ultrasonic emission device.
  • the connection of the various structures 10 with the frame of the entire ultrasonic device is non-rigid.
  • use will advantageously be made of a material of the elastomer type which makes it possible on the one hand to secure the structure and on the other hand to seal it between each stage.
  • each of the structures will be connected to the neighboring structure according to the same diagram, in order to preserve the phenomenon of acoustic resonance on each floor.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates another variant of a device for exciting a stack of several non-tuned circular structures 10. The device shown is in all respects similar to that shown in FIG. 6, with the exception, however, that the structures here have circular shapes.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a final embodiment in which the vibrating device comprises an ultrasonic converter 12 coupled by screwing to a coupling bar 50, produced at half wavelength and coming to enclose a circular plate 52 constituting the upper disc of a cylindrical drum 54 can for example play the role of support member of a mesh or a filter.
  • two non-quadrature emission frequencies simultaneously, so as to eliminate the nodal areas on the work surfaces, for example on the canvas. vibrant.
  • two ultrasonic elements of frequency not in quadrature such as 20 and 30 KHz, one limits to the maximum the presence of nodal areas, at the level of the filter cloth, areas which are precisely inactive regions.
  • the ultrasonic vibration device can be used interchangeably and in superposition with any other low frequency vibrating device commonly encountered on the market.
  • the emission of ultrasounds communicated to the non-tuned structure can be carried out continuously or in a pulsed mode. As indicated above, it can be produced by superimposing low frequency vibrations in a range of 100 to 3000 vibrations / min. for amplitudes of the order of 1 to 30 mm and preferably in a range of 300 to 1,500 vibrations / min. for amplitudes of the order of 5 to 20 mm.
  • the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrations is adapted to the product treated in said structure and is advantageously between 2 and 30 microns peak to peak and preferably between 5 to 20 microns peak to peak.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR92/00033 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 19, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 19, 1993 PCT Filed Jan. 16, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO92/12807 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 6, 1992.The present invention relates to the vibration of an untuned structure by means of an ultrasound converter. The main but not unique purpose is to cause a filtering cloth, a perforated metal sheet or a screening mesh to vibrate in order to improve the flow rate in the filtering or sieving process, with equal surface energy, without clogging the mesh or harming the product being processed. The device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one electro-acoustic converter (12) ridigly fixed to said structure (10) by means of metallic securing elements (14) tuned to the frequency of the converter, the links with the structure being in a maximum region of amplitude (V)j of said securing elements and resonance of the assembly being provided by a nut or any metallic unit tuned as an integral multiple of a half wave length.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE MISE EN VIBRATION ULTRASONIQUE D'UNE DEVICE FOR ULTRASONIC VIBRATION OF A
STRUCTURE NON ACCORDEESTRUCTURE NOT GRANTED
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de mise en vibration ultrasonique d'une ou de plusieurs structure(s) non-accordée(s). Ces structures peuvent être de types très différents, cependant dans le cadre de ia présente description, on se limitera essentiellement à une ^ structure de tamisage, sans que cela ne doive être interprété comme une limitation de l'objet de la présente invention.The present invention relates to a device for ultrasonic vibration of one or more non-tuned structure (s). These structures can be of very different types, however within the framework of the present description, one will be limited essentially to a sieving structure, without this being to be interpreted as a limitation of the object of the present invention.
Depuis de nombreuses années, il est bien connu que ia mise en vibration ultrasonique de tamis améliore les rendements qualitatifs et quantitatifs du tamisage de poudres fines ou de granulés réputés difficiles ^ à traiter.For many years, it has been well known that the ultrasonic vibration of sieves improves the qualitative and quantitative yields of sieving fine powders or granules reputed to be difficult to treat.
Il convient de rappeler par exemple les problèmes rencontrés avec les poudres microniques et submicroniques, minérales, métalliques et céramiques, ou encore les granules spheroîdiques qui ont tendance à colmater les tamis. Les techniques d'assistance par ultrasons ont déjà été ^ décrites dans la littérature spécialisée et en particulier dans l'ouvrage intitulé Crowford Engineering de Frederick and Co.It should be recalled, for example, the problems encountered with micron and submicron, mineral, metallic and ceramic powders, or even spheroid granules which tend to clog the sieves. Ultrasonic assistance techniques have already been described in the specialized literature and in particular in the work entitled Crowford Engineering by Frederick and Co.
L'état de la technique peut également être illustré par FR-Λ- 2 233 108 qui décrit des équipements de tamisage dotés d'un transducteur ultrasonique placé au contact direct de la toile de tamisage. -0 On observera qu'un tel dispositif se trouve limité à des tamis circulaires. L'émission des ultrasons se faisant à partir d'un point d'ancrage unique, la maille est en outre soumise à des contraintes non négligeables à ce niveau, ce qui peut engendrer son usure prématurée et, en conséquence, une pollution du produit passant. -5 Dans le cas du tamiseur utilisant plusieurs étages de toile. il est nécessaire de multiplier d'autant le nombre de transducteurs av ec la complexité de montage que cela impose. Ce dispositif de l'art antérieur présente un autre inconvénient dans la mesure où, dans tous les cas. le convertisseur se trouvera exposé directement au produit traité et ra 30 donc la plupart du temps être monté de manière étanche.The state of the art can also be illustrated by FR-Λ- 2 233 108 which describes sieving equipment provided with an ultrasonic transducer placed in direct contact with the sieving fabric. -0 It will be observed that such a device is limited to circular sieves. The emission of ultrasound being done from a single anchor point, the mesh is also subjected to non-negligible stresses at this level, which can cause its premature wear and, consequently, pollution of the passing product. . -5 In the case of the screen using several stages of canvas. it is necessary to multiply by as much the number of transducers with the complexity of assembly that this imposes. This device of the prior art has another drawback insofar as, in all cases. the converter will be exposed directly to the treated product and ra 30 therefore most of the time be sealed.
**» La présente invention a précisément pour but de mettre au point un dispositif de mise en vibration ultrasonique qui permette d'écarter tous les inconvénients des dispositifs de l'art antérieur.** ”The present invention specifically aims to develop an ultrasonic vibration device which allows to overcome all the drawbacks of the devices of the prior art.
35 Le but principal de la présente invention est de rendre résonante une structure support, par exemple un support de toile, de membrane ou de toute autre plaque qui, par construction, ne présente aucune résonance à la fréquence utilisée par l'émetteur ultrasonique. Le dispositif ultrasonique, selon l'invention, a également pour but d'optimiser le rendement ultrasonique, quelles que soient les formes et les dimensions de ia structure à mettre en vibration. Bien-sûr, l'un des objectifs principaux de la présente invention a été d'éviter que le transducteur ultrasonique vienne au contact direct de la toile du tamis ou de la membrane de travail. En outre, dans le cas du tamis, le dispositif selon l'invention permet d'exciter la maille à partir d'une énergie ultrasonique préalablement répartie dans son cadre support, limitant ainsi au maximum les contraintes au niveau des points d'ancrage. Enfin, comme cela se trouvera explicité plus en détail dans la suite de la présente description, le dispositif ultrasonique, selon ia présente invention, doit également pouvoir s'adapter à des structures existantes en modifiant ia forme géométrique des éléments de liaison accordés en multiples entiers de demi longueur d'onde de la fréquence délivrée.35 The main object of the present invention is to make a support structure resonant, for example a support for canvas, membrane or any other plate which, by construction, has no resonance at the frequency used by the ultrasonic transmitter. The ultrasonic device according to the invention also aims to optimize the ultrasonic performance, whatever the shapes and dimensions of the structure to be vibrated. Of course, one of the main objectives of the present invention has been to prevent the ultrasonic transducer from coming into direct contact with the screen fabric or the working membrane. In addition, in the case of the sieve, the device according to the invention makes it possible to excite the mesh from ultrasonic energy previously distributed in its support frame, thus limiting as much as possible the stresses at the anchor points. Finally, as will be explained in more detail in the remainder of the present description, the ultrasonic device, according to the present invention, must also be able to adapt to existing structures by modifying the geometric shape of the connecting elements tuned in whole multiples. half wavelength of the delivered frequency.
Conformément à ia présente invention, ces objectifs ont pu être atteints grâce à la mise au point d'un dispositif de mise en vibration à une fréquence ultrasonique d'une structure non accordée, qui se caractérise par le fait qu'il comprend au moins un convertisseur électroacoustique fixé de façon rigide à ladite structure au moyen d'éléments de fixation métalliques accordés à la fréquence du convertisseur, les liaisons de structure se situant dans une zone de ventre d'amplitude desdits éléments de fixation et la résonance de l'ensemble étant assurée par la fixation d'un écrou ou de tout ensemble métallique accordé en multiple entier de demi-longueur d'onde.In accordance with the present invention, these objectives have been achieved by the development of a device for vibrating at an ultrasonic frequency of a non-tuned structure, which is characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one electroacoustic converter rigidly fixed to said structure by means of metallic fasteners tuned to the frequency of the converter, the structural links being located in a belly area of amplitude of said fasteners and the resonance of the assembly being ensured by the fixing of a nut or any metallic assembly tuned as an integer multiple of half-wavelength.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'objet de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de ia description détaillée faite ci-après, notamment en référence à des modes de réalisation particuliers illustrés sur des dessins annexés, dessins sur lesquels :Other characteristics and advantages of the subject of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description given below, in particular with reference to particular embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, drawings in which:
- les figures 1 et 2 représentent deux types de profilage différents de barreaux de couplage, de manière à s'adapter aux contraintes dimension- nelles d'une structure à faire vibrer, tout en respectant la fréquence de résonance; - les figure 3 à 8 illustrent différentes variantes de modes de réalisation destinés à mettre en vibration ultrasonique des structures simples ou multiples affectant des formes différentes.- Figures 1 and 2 show two different types of profiling of coupling rods, so as to adapt to the dimensional constraints of a structure to be vibrated, while respecting the resonance frequency; - Figures 3 to 8 illustrate different variants of embodiments intended to set ultrasonic vibration of single or multiple structures affecting different shapes.
On rappellera que l'un des buts essentiels du dispositif ultrasonique, selon l'invention, est de pouvoir s'adapter facilement à différents types de structures pré-existantes ainsi qu'à des structures présentant des formes et des dimensions imposées en fonction de leur destination. Le dispositif ultrasonique selon l'invention permet d'atteindre cet objectif, par exemple à l'aide des deux modes de réalisation schématisés sur les figures J et 2.It will be recalled that one of the essential aims of the ultrasonic device, according to the invention, is to be able to easily adapt to different types of pre-existing structures as well as to structures having shapes and dimensions imposed according to their destination. The ultrasonic device according to the invention achieves this objective, for example using the two embodiments shown diagrammatically in FIGS. J and 2.
Sur ces figures, la structure a été schématisée par la représentation portant la référence 10. U s'agit d'une structure de nature quelconque non-accordée, par exemple d'une structure supportant un organe de travail quelconque, notamment une toile de tamisage. Le dispositif ultrasonique, selon l'invention, comprend tout d'abord un convertisseur électroacoustique 12 qui doit donc être fixé de façon rigide a ladite structure 10. Dans tous les modes de réalisation décrits, les liaisons avec ia structure 10 se situent dans une zone de ventre d'amplitude V. Cette fixation est réalisée au moyen d'éléments métalliques qui sont accordés à la fréquence du convertisseur étant entendu que la longueur desdits éléments inclut l'épaisseur des pattes de liaison avec la structure 10. Sur les modes de réalisation illustrés aux figures 1 et 2, les éléments de fixation métalliques sont constitués par des barreaux de couplage 1 . Les barreaux de couplage 14 sont interposés entre deux parois en regard de la structure 10.In these figures, the structure has been shown diagrammatically by the representation bearing the reference 10. U is a structure of any kind which is not granted, for example a structure supporting any working member, in particular a screen cloth . The ultrasonic device according to the invention firstly comprises an electroacoustic converter 12 which must therefore be rigidly fixed to said structure 10. In all of the embodiments described, the connections with the structure 10 are located in an area belly of amplitude V. This fixing is carried out by means of metallic elements which are tuned to the frequency of the converter, it being understood that the length of said elements includes the thickness of the connecting lugs with the structure 10. On the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the metal fastening elements consist of coupling bars 1. The coupling bars 14 are interposed between two walls facing the structure 10.
Bien entendu, ces éléments de fixation métalliques doivent être accordés à la fréquence du convertisseur. En i'occurence, ils ont été choisis en demi-longueur d'onde de la fréquence fournie par le convertis- seur ultrasonique, la mise en résonance de l'ensemble impliquant ia présence d'un écrou ou de tout élément métallique accordé à la fréquence de travail en prolongement des éléments de liaison. On précisera que le convertisseur ultrasonique peut être constitué par un ou plusieurs émetteurs de nature quelconque, il peut en effet s'agir d'émetteurs éléctrostπctits, magnétostrictifs, électrocapacitifs, ou encore piézoélectriques. On observera que les barreaux de couplage présentent une surface extérieure qui a été profilée de façon à s'adapter à ia configuration dimensionnelle particulière de la structure et de manière à respecter la résonance.Of course, these metal fasteners must be tuned to the frequency of the converter. In this case, they were chosen at half the wavelength of the frequency supplied by the ultrasonic converter, the resonance of the assembly implying the presence of a nut or any metallic element tuned to the frequency of work in extension of the connecting elements. It will be noted that the ultrasonic converter can be constituted by one or more transmitters of any kind, it can indeed be electro-static, magnetostrictive, electrocapacitive, or even piezoelectric transmitters. It will be observed that the coupling bars have an outer surface which has been profiled so as to adapt to the particular dimensional configuration of the structure and so as to respect the resonance.
C'est ainsi que dans le dispositif ultrasonique de la figure 1, se trouve illustrée une manière d'intervenir sur la longueur d'une demi-onde à la fréquence du convertisseur 12. Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1 , la surface extérieure des barreaux de couplage 14 présente, au voisinage de leur zone nodaie, un rétrécissement radiai 16 présentant une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe desdits barreaux 14.Thus in the ultrasonic device of FIG. 1, there is illustrated a way of intervening over the length of a half-wave at the frequency of the converter 12. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the surface outside of the coupling bars 14 has, in the vicinity of their nodal area, a radii narrowing 16 having a symmetry of revolution about the axis of said bars 14.
Ce mode de réalisation particulier dans lequel les barreaux de couplage affectent une forme rétrécie au voisinage de leur zone nodaie en raison de la présence d'une gorge ou analogue 16, permet de réduire les barreaux de couplage 14, tout en conservant la résonance. A l'inverse, le mode de réalisation illustré dans la figure 2 fait intervenir des barreaux de couplage 14 dont la surface extérieure présente, toujours au voisinage de leur zone nodaie, un renflement radial 18 présentant également une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe des barreaux 14. Ce profilage particulier adopté dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2 permet au contraire de rallonger la longueur des barreaux de couplage 14, toujours en respectant la fréquence propre du convertisseur 12. Le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 3 représente la mise en vibration d'un cadre support 10 sur lequel se trouve maintenue une toile filtrante 20. La fixation du dispositif de mise en vibration est réalisée sur deux cotés opposés 22, 24 du cadre support 10. Le dispositif électroacoustique utilisé se compose dans cette configuration d'un convertisseur unidirectionnel 12, d'un barreau de couplage 26 qui est accordé en multiple entier de demi longueur d'onde, ainsi que d'un écrou 28 également accordé en demi longueur d'onde. On notera que la fixation de cet ensemble de mise en vibration sur le cadre support 10 est réalisée également dans une zone de ventre d'amplitude. La solidarisation entre les différents éléments en présence, à savoir, le convertisseur 12, le barreau de couplage 26 et l'écrou accordé 28, est avantageusement obtenue par vissage au travers d'orifices ménagés dans les parties opposées du support 10. Il convient toutefois de noter que la solidarisation rigide du dispositif de mise en vibration avec la structure 10 peut être réalisée par tout autre moyen approprié, l'essentiel étant d'obtenir une liaison parfaitement rigide entre la structure et le dispositif vibrationnei. C'est ainsi que l'on peut avoir recours à un emmanchement à force des différents organes en présence, ou encore à un collage et/ou soudage.This particular embodiment in which the coupling bars have a narrowed shape in the vicinity of their nodal region due to the presence of a groove or the like 16, makes it possible to reduce the coupling bars 14, while retaining the resonance. Conversely, the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 involves coupling bars 14 whose external surface has, still in the vicinity of their nodal region, a radial bulge 18 also having a symmetry of revolution about the axis bars 14. This particular profiling adopted in the embodiment of FIG. 2 makes it possible on the contrary to lengthen the length of the coupling bars 14, still respecting the natural frequency of the converter 12. The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 represents the vibration of a support frame 10 on which is held a filter cloth 20. The attachment of the vibration device is carried out on two opposite sides 22, 24 of the support frame 10. The electroacoustic device used is composed in this configuration of a unidirectional converter 12, of a coupling rod 26 which is tuned as an integer multiple of half wavelength, thus than a nut 28 also tuned in half wavelength. Note that the attachment of this set of vibration on the support frame 10 is also carried out in a belly area of amplitude. The connection between the various elements present, namely, the converter 12, the coupling bar 26 and the tuned nut 28, is advantageously obtained by screwing through orifices made in the opposite parts of the support 10. However, note that the rigid connection of the setting device in vibration with the structure 10 can be achieved by any other suitable means, the main thing being to obtain a perfectly rigid connection between the structure and the vibrationnei device. This is how recourse may be had to forcibly fitting the various bodies present, or else to bonding and / or welding.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 3, on peut également remplacer les orifices traversants, recevant les filetages de liaison entre le convertisseur 12, le barreau de couplage 26 et l'écrou accordé 28, par des fentes débouchant à l'arête supérieure des éléments 22 du cadre support. Les zones rétrécies de liaison entre les différents éléments 12, 26 et 24 peuvent ainsi s'engager à force dans lesdites fentes pour assurer la liaison rigide avec le cadre support 10.In the embodiment of FIG. 3, it is also possible to replace the through holes, receiving the connecting threads between the converter 12, the coupling bar 26 and the tuned nut 28, by slots opening out at the upper edge of the elements 22 of the support frame. The narrowed areas of connection between the different elements 12, 26 and 24 can thus force-engage in said slots to ensure the rigid connection with the support frame 10.
La figure 4 illustre un autre mode de réalisation permettant de mettre en résonance une structure circulaire 30 non accordée, entre des pattes de fixation 32 et 34 solidaires de la structure 30. Dans ce mode de réalisation particulier, deux barreaux d'extrémité 36 et 38 assurent le serrage de l'ensemble électroacoustique sur les pattes de fixation précitées 32 et 34. Les barreaux de couplage 36 et 38 sont accordés en un multiple entier de demi longueur d'onde de la fréquence émise par le convertisseur 12.FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment making it possible to resonate a circular structure 30 which is not tuned, between fixing lugs 32 and 34 secured to the structure 30. In this particular embodiment, two end bars 36 and 38 ensure the tightening of the electroacoustic assembly on the aforementioned fixing lugs 32 and 34. The coupling bars 36 and 38 are tuned in an integer multiple of half wavelength of the frequency emitted by the converter 12.
Bien entendu, si nécessaire, la surface extérieure des barreaux de couplage 36 et 38 peut être profilée pour s'adapter à la configuration particulière du cadre 30 tout en respectant la fréquence de résonance du convertisseur 12. Le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 5 est relatif à une variante du dispositif représenté à la figure 3. Cependant dans ce cas particulier, l'ensemble électroacoustique constitué par le convertisseur 12 et les deux barreaux de couplage associés 40 et 42 ont été agencés à l'extérieur de l'aire de travail du cadre support 10 portant la toile filtrante 20.Of course, if necessary, the external surface of the coupling bars 36 and 38 can be profiled to adapt to the particular configuration of the frame 30 while respecting the resonant frequency of the converter 12. The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 relates to a variant of the device shown in FIG. 3. However, in this particular case, the electroacoustic assembly constituted by the converter 12 and the two associated coupling bars 40 and 42 have been arranged outside the area of work of the support frame 10 carrying the filter cloth 20.
Dans cette conception, les barreaux de couplage 40, 42 peuvent également être soudés ou de préférence vissés au convertisseur, la liaison avec le prolongement des parties du cadre support pouvant également être avantageusement réalisée par vissage d'un écrou accordé sur l'extrémité filetée 44 de chaque barreau de couplage 40, 42. Là encore, tout moyen de fixation rigide approprié peut être utilisé, l'essentiel étant de réaliser une bonne iiaison mécanique entre le cadre support 10 et le dispositif ultrasonique de l'invention. Ce mode de réalisation particulier dans lequel le dispositif ultrasonique est agencé à l'extérieur de ia zone de travail de la structure 10, présente l'avantage de pouvoir être utilisé par exemple en atmosphère humide. On notera également que cette conception permet d'implanter la structure, voire même l'ensemble de la structure et du dispositif électroacoustique, au sein d'une chambre étanche ou règne une atmosphère contrôlée de gaz. La figure 6 illustre un mode de réalisation dans lequel un convertisseur 12 produit l'excitation d'un empilage de trois structures identiques 10 constituées par des cadres supports de toile filtrante. Dans ce type de configuration, chacune des structures 10 vibre sur son mode propre et en résonance avec le dispositif d'émission ultrasonique. La liaison des différentes structures 10 avec le bâtit de l'ensemble du dispositif ultrasonique est non rigide. A cet effet, on utilisera de façon avantageuse un matériau de type élastomère qui permet d'assurer d'une part ia fixation de la structure et d'autre part l'étanchéité entre chaque étage. Par ailleurs, chacune des structures sera reliée à la structure voisine selon le même schéma, afin de conserver le phénomène de résonance acoustique à chaque étage. La liaison souple réalisée par le matériau à base d 'élastomère assure par ailleurs l'étanchéité tout en ne bridant pas les différents étages de la structure et en leur permettant ainsi d'entrer en résonance. Tout comme dans les modes de réalisation précédemment définis, le convertisseur 12 est rendu solidaire de pattes de fixation 46 par utilisation d'une pluralité de barreaux de couplage 48, de préférence associés entre eux par vissage. Bien entendu, conformément à la présente invention, les organes de fixations constitués par les barreaux de couplage seront accordés à la fréquence du convertisseur 12 réalisé en demi longueur d'onde. La figure 7 illustre une autre variante d'un dispositif d'excitation d'un empilage de plusieurs structures circulaires non accordées 10. Le dispositif représenté est en tout point analogue à celui représenté dans la figure 6, à l'exception toutefois du fait que les structures présentent ici des formes circulaires. Enfin, la figure 8 illustre un dernier mode de réalisation dans lequel le dispositif de mise en vibration comporte un convertisseur ultrasonique 12 couplé par vissage à un barreau de couplage 50, réalisé en demi longueur d'onde et venant ensserrer une plaque circulaire 52 constituant le disque supérieur d'un tambour cylindrique 54 pouvant par exemple jouer le rôle d'organe support d'une maille ou d'un filtre.In this design, the coupling bars 40, 42 can also be welded or preferably screwed to the converter, the connection with the extension of the parts of the support frame can also advantageously be carried out by screwing a nut granted on the threaded end 44 of each coupling rod 40, 42. Again, any suitable rigid attachment means can be used, the main thing being to achieve good mechanical connection between the support frame 10 and the ultrasonic device of the invention. This particular embodiment in which the ultrasonic device is arranged outside the working area of the structure 10, has the advantage of being able to be used for example in a humid atmosphere. It will also be noted that this design makes it possible to implant the structure, or even the entire structure and the electroacoustic device, within a sealed chamber where a controlled atmosphere of gas prevails. FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment in which a converter 12 produces the excitation of a stack of three identical structures 10 constituted by support frames of filter cloth. In this type of configuration, each of the structures 10 vibrates in its own mode and in resonance with the ultrasonic emission device. The connection of the various structures 10 with the frame of the entire ultrasonic device is non-rigid. To this end, use will advantageously be made of a material of the elastomer type which makes it possible on the one hand to secure the structure and on the other hand to seal it between each stage. In addition, each of the structures will be connected to the neighboring structure according to the same diagram, in order to preserve the phenomenon of acoustic resonance on each floor. The flexible connection produced by the elastomer-based material also provides sealing while not constraining the different stages of the structure and thus allowing them to enter into resonance. As in the previously defined embodiments, the converter 12 is made integral with fixing lugs 46 by the use of a plurality of coupling bars 48, preferably associated with one another by screwing. Of course, in accordance with the present invention, the fixing members constituted by the coupling bars will be tuned to the frequency of the converter 12 produced in half wavelength. FIG. 7 illustrates another variant of a device for exciting a stack of several non-tuned circular structures 10. The device shown is in all respects similar to that shown in FIG. 6, with the exception, however, that the structures here have circular shapes. Finally, Figure 8 illustrates a final embodiment in which the vibrating device comprises an ultrasonic converter 12 coupled by screwing to a coupling bar 50, produced at half wavelength and coming to enclose a circular plate 52 constituting the upper disc of a cylindrical drum 54 can for example play the role of support member of a mesh or a filter.
Dans l'ensemble des modes de réalisation précédemment décrits, il peut être avantageux d'adapter la nature des éléments de transmission ultrasonique aux matériaux constituant la structure à mettre en vibration acoustique. Ceci peut être réalisé par adaptation des impédances acoustiques. On évite ainsi tout phénomène d'échauffement au niveau des liaisons, et ceci permet donc également d'augmenter le rendement électroacoustique de l'ensemble mis en vibration.In all of the embodiments described above, it may be advantageous to adapt the nature of the ultrasonic transmission elements to the materials constituting the structure to be put into acoustic vibration. This can be achieved by adapting the acoustic impedances. This avoids any heating phenomenon at the level of the connections, and this therefore also makes it possible to increase the electroacoustic efficiency of the assembly set in vibration.
Toujours de manière à améliorer les performances du dispositif ultrasonique selon l'invention, il peut être avantageux d'utiliser simultanément deux fréquences d'émissions non en quadrature, de manière à supprimer les zones nodaies sur les surfaces de travail, par exemple sur ia toile vibrante. En utilisant par exemple deux éléments ultrasoniques de fréquence non en quadrature, tels que 20 et 30 KHz, on limite au maximun la présence de zones nodaies, au niveau de la toile filtrante, zones qui sont précisément des régions inactives.Still in order to improve the performance of the ultrasonic device according to the invention, it may be advantageous to use two non-quadrature emission frequencies simultaneously, so as to eliminate the nodal areas on the work surfaces, for example on the canvas. vibrant. By using for example two ultrasonic elements of frequency not in quadrature, such as 20 and 30 KHz, one limits to the maximum the presence of nodal areas, at the level of the filter cloth, areas which are precisely inactive regions.
Enfin, il convient de noter que le dispositif de mise en vibration ultrasonique selon l'invention, peut être utilisé indifféremment et en superposition avec tout autre dispositif vibrant à basse fréquence couramment rencontré sur le marché. L'émission d'ultrasons communiqués à la structure non accordée peut être réalisée de manière continue ou selon un mode puisé. Il peut, comme indiqué précédemment être réalisé en superposition de vibrations basses fréquences dans une gamme de 100 à 3000 vibrations/min. pour des amplitudes de l'ordre de 1 à 30 mm et de préférence dans une gamme de 300 à 1500 vibrations/min. pour des amplitudes de l'ordre de 5 à 20 mm. En fonction de l'application particulière envisagée, on aura recours, pour assurer l'émission des ultrasons, soit à des convertisseurs électroacoustiques symétriques bidirectionnels ou bien aymetriques unidirectionnels. En outre, l'amplitude des vibrations ultrasoniques est adaptée au produit traité dans ladite structure et se trouve avantageuse¬ ment comprise entre 2 et 30 microns crête à crête et de préférence entre 5 à 20 microns crête à crête. Finally, it should be noted that the ultrasonic vibration device according to the invention can be used interchangeably and in superposition with any other low frequency vibrating device commonly encountered on the market. The emission of ultrasounds communicated to the non-tuned structure can be carried out continuously or in a pulsed mode. As indicated above, it can be produced by superimposing low frequency vibrations in a range of 100 to 3000 vibrations / min. for amplitudes of the order of 1 to 30 mm and preferably in a range of 300 to 1,500 vibrations / min. for amplitudes of the order of 5 to 20 mm. Depending on the particular application envisaged, use will be made, to ensure the emission of ultrasound, of symmetrical bidirectional electroacoustic converters or unidirectional asymmetric converters. In addition, the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrations is adapted to the product treated in said structure and is advantageously between 2 and 30 microns peak to peak and preferably between 5 to 20 microns peak to peak.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de mise en vibration à une fréquence ultrasonique d1 une structure non accordée, caractérise en ce qu'il comprend au moins un convertisseur électroacoustique (12) fixé de façon rigide à ladite structure ( 10, 30) au moyen d'éléments de fixation métalliques ( 14, 26, 28, 36, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50) accordés à la fréquence du convertisseur, les liaisons avec la structure se situant dans une zone de ventre d'amplitude (V) desdits éléments de fixation et la résonance de l'ensemble étant assurée par la fixation d'un écrou ou de tout ensemble métallique accordé en multiple entier de demi-longueur d'onde.1. Device for vibrating at an ultrasonic frequency d 1 a non-tuned structure, characterized in that it comprises at least one electroacoustic converter (12) rigidly fixed to said structure (10, 30) by means of elements metal fasteners (14, 26, 28, 36, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50) tuned to the frequency of the converter, the connections with the structure being located in a belly area of amplitude (V) of said elements fixing and resonance of the assembly being ensured by the fixing of a nut or of any metallic assembly tuned as an integer multiple of half-wavelength.
2. Dispositif ultrasonique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments de fixation métalliques comprennent au moins un barreau de couplage (14) à ladite structure ( 10), dont la surface extérieure peut être profilée pour s'adapter à toute configuration dimensionnelle de ladite structure tout en respectant la fréquence de résonance.2. Ultrasonic device according to claim 1, characterized in that said metal fastening elements comprise at least one coupling bar (14) to said structure (10), the outer surface of which can be profiled to adapt to any dimensional configuration of said structure while respecting the resonance frequency.
3. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la surface extérieure du barreau de couplage (14) présente au voisinage de sa zone nodaie un rétrécissement radial (16) de révolution autour de l'axe dudit barreau (14).3. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the external surface of the coupling rod (14) has, in the vicinity of its nodal zone, a radial narrowing (16) of revolution around the axis of said rod (14).
4. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la surface extérieure dudit barreau ( 14) présente au voisinage de sa zone nodaie un renflement radial (18) de révolution autour de l'axe dudit barreau.4. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outer surface of said bar (14) has, in the vicinity of its nodal region a radial bulge (18) of revolution around the axis of said bar.
5. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérise en ce que la fréquence de travail utile est comprise entre 10 et 100 KHz et de préférence entre 20 et 40 KHz.5. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the useful working frequency is between 10 and 100 KHz and preferably between 20 and 40 KHz.
6. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérise en ce que le mode d'émission ultrasonique est du type puisé ou du tvpe continu. 6. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ultrasonic emission mode is of the pulsed type or continuous tvpe.
7. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérise en ce que l'amplitude des vibrations ultrasoniques est adaptée au produit traité dans ladite structure, et se trouve avantageusement comprise entre 2 et 30 microns crête à crête et de préférence entre 5 à 20 microns crête à crête. 7. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrations is adapted to the product treated in said structure, and is advantageously between 2 and 30 microns peak to peak and preferably between 5 to 20 microns peak to peak.
8. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que deux fréquences d'émission non en quadrature sont utilisées simultanément pour supprimer les zones nodaies sur la surface de travail de ladite structure. 8. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that two non-quadrature emission frequencies are used simultaneously to remove the nodal areas on the working surface of said structure.
9. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'un convertisseur ultrasonique (12) met en vibration, et de façon résonante, un empilage de structures (10) non accordées rendues solidaires au niveau des points de raccordement avec ledit dispositif électro-accoustique. 9. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an ultrasonic converter (12) vibrates, and resonantly, a stack of non-tuned structures (10) made integral at the points connection with said electro-acoustic device.
10. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites structures non accordées vibrant en résonance sont disposées dans une enceinte dans laquel règne une atmosphère humide.10. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said non-tuned structures vibrating in resonance are arranged in an enclosure in which reigns a humid atmosphere.
11. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que l'ensemble électro-acoustique/structurè est agencé dans une chambre étanche.11. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the electro-acoustic / structured assembly is arranged in a sealed chamber.
12. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que l'émission d'ultrasons à la structure non-accordée peut être réalisée de façon continue ou en mode puisé, et en superposition de vibrations basses fréquences, dans la gamme de 00 h 3000 vibrations/min. pour des amplitudes de l'ordre de 1 à 30 mm et de préférence dans la gamme allant de 300 à 1500 vibrations/min. pour des amplitudes de 5 à 20 mm.12. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the emission of ultrasound to the non-tuned structure can be carried out continuously or in pulsed mode, and in superposition of low frequency vibrations, in the range of 00 h 3000 vibrations / min. for amplitudes of the order of 1 to 30 mm and preferably in the range from 300 to 1500 vibrations / min. for amplitudes from 5 to 20 mm.
13. Dispositif ultrasonique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que l'émission des ultrasons est assurée indifféremment par des convertisseurs électro-acoustiques symétriques bidirectionnels ou asymétri¬ ques unidirectionnels. 13. Ultrasonic device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the emission of ultrasound is ensured either by symmetrical bidirectional electro-acoustic converters or asymmetri¬ unidirectional c.
EP92904057A 1991-01-17 1992-01-16 Device for causing an untuned structure to vibrate ultrasonically Expired - Lifetime EP0567551B1 (en)

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FR9100496A FR2671743B1 (en) 1991-01-17 1991-01-17 DEVICE FOR ULTRASONIC VIBRATION OF A NON-TUNED STRUCTURE.
FR9100496 1991-01-17
PCT/FR1992/000033 WO1992012807A1 (en) 1991-01-17 1992-01-16 Device for causing an untuned structure to vibrate ultrasonically

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EP0567551B1 EP0567551B1 (en) 1995-05-10

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US5386169A (en) 1995-01-31
JP3180345B2 (en) 2001-06-25
DE69202452T2 (en) 1996-01-18
AU669475B2 (en) 1996-06-13
CA2100572C (en) 2002-12-17
CA2100572A1 (en) 1992-07-18
EP0567551B1 (en) 1995-05-10
WO1992012807A1 (en) 1992-08-06
JPH06504481A (en) 1994-05-26
ATE122270T1 (en) 1995-05-15
AU1224592A (en) 1992-08-27
FR2671743A1 (en) 1992-07-24
DE69202452D1 (en) 1995-06-14
ES2073913T3 (en) 1995-08-16
DK0567551T3 (en) 1995-10-02
FR2671743B1 (en) 1993-06-18

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