EP0566860A2 - Explosion proof reinforced concrete shelter, particularly reinforced concrete shelter transformer station - Google Patents

Explosion proof reinforced concrete shelter, particularly reinforced concrete shelter transformer station Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0566860A2
EP0566860A2 EP93104109A EP93104109A EP0566860A2 EP 0566860 A2 EP0566860 A2 EP 0566860A2 EP 93104109 A EP93104109 A EP 93104109A EP 93104109 A EP93104109 A EP 93104109A EP 0566860 A2 EP0566860 A2 EP 0566860A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
recess
cover
explosion
reinforced concrete
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93104109A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0566860A3 (en
Inventor
Rolf Dr. Bierwirth
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Sepro & Co
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Sepro & Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sepro & Co filed Critical Sepro & Co
Publication of EP0566860A2 publication Critical patent/EP0566860A2/en
Publication of EP0566860A3 publication Critical patent/EP0566860A3/xx
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
    • E04H5/02—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial purposes, e.g. for power-plants or factories
    • E04H5/04—Transformer houses; Substations or switchgear houses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/04—Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
    • E04D13/0404—Drainage on the roof surface
    • E04D13/0481—Drainage guiding provisions, e.g. deflectors or stimulation by inclined surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an explosion-protected reinforced concrete room cell, in particular a room cell transformer station according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the explosion protection of the reinforced concrete room cell according to the invention is intended in the event of an explosion in the interior of the room cell to protect the immediate surroundings and the people in the room from flying parts.
  • transformer stations which consist of a reinforced concrete room cell according to the invention
  • explosive discharges can occur mainly as a result of a short circuit.
  • Such explosions cannot be ruled out, particularly in the case of room cells that are largely without supervision.
  • transformer stations of the type described which are situated in the forest, for example, from residential areas in order to transform the long-distance lines to the supply lines.
  • Explosion-proof room cells are protected in different ways against internal explosions and are also forced-ventilated.
  • the forced ventilation that is necessary as a result is not capable of reducing the sudden overpressure in the interior of the room cell sufficiently quickly in the event of an explosion, which leads to destruction and thus to the described risk potential.
  • explosion protection requires adequately dimensioned openings to quickly release the explosion overpressure, which connect the interior with the atmosphere.
  • test pressures in the order of magnitude of, for example, 1.5 t / m 2 are assumed.
  • overpressures lead to the immediate, at least partial, destruction of one or more panes of the building with a corresponding risk potential from flying parts.
  • room cells must be protected against the ingress of rainwater. If the openings are sufficiently large to reduce the internal overpressure, sealing them creates considerable difficulties. It is known to create the openings in such a way that a slope arises which the rainwater cannot overcome. Cover plates are used to protect against wind pressure. It has been found that such space cells generally do not meet the requirements in practice. Either the required seals are not achieved or the attempt to explode leads to the feared destruction and the described risk potential, which must be excluded.
  • the recess in the ceiling pane serves to discharge the exhaust air and the explosion gases, the flow paths then sharing. While in the event of an explosion the explosion gases find their way, for example between the ceiling, flange and ceiling pane of the room cell, the exhaust air flows through the slots, which are provided for this purpose in the cover flange are.
  • the exhaust vents are protected against the ingress of rainwater not only by their outward inclined arrangement, but also by the recess flange, which the Rainwater must skip before it can reach the recesses and thus the interior of the room cell.
  • the invention is thus able to meet the requirements placed on explosion-protected reinforced concrete room cells in a simple manner.
  • the manufacture and assembly of the reinforced concrete room cell according to the invention are comparatively simple, because not only the room cell, but also the cover can be prefabricated in the precast plant and conveniently assembled at the installation site.
  • the recess and cover and the spatial cell are largely symmetrical. Due to the fact that the cover and the recess have a rectangular to square outline, the flow conditions are not decisively changed compared to other possible layout shapes. Since this outline is oriented with its outline parallel to the longitudinal and transverse edges of the ceiling slab or ceiling slab, the measuring and stripping of the recess is made considerably easier.
  • the lid in the event of an explosion by the internal pressure of the room cell, so that the explosion gases can escape subsequent to the recess between the cover flange and the cover plate.
  • the recess and the cover flange a guide of Forming the lid during pressure equalization in the event of an explosion, it is achieved that the lid may rise upwards, but after pressure equalization is returned downward to rest on the ceiling pane. This reliably prevents the cover from flying away.
  • the sealing against rainwater is improved.
  • the top of the ceiling pane is given a slope, which leads to a recess that forms a drain for the rainwater. This ensures that the rainwater cannot normally collect.
  • the collection of rainwater cannot be ruled out if the recess is blocked and there is no drainage during the service life of a reinforced concrete room cell. If e.g. the reinforced concrete room cell is set up in the forest according to the invention, leaves and other foreign objects can clog the recess. Therefore, it is further provided that the top of the ceiling pane is formed with a trough-like depression, so that a certain storage space for the rainwater is available.
  • an emergency drain is provided for the tub. If the precipitation water reaches its maximum level in the tub, the emergency drain ensures that the accumulated precipitation water cannot overflow the recess flange. Since the emergency drain is therefore located above the tub floor, it cannot be blocked by foreign objects.
  • the ceiling tile must also be protected against the ingress of rainwater by a seal.
  • the embodiment according to claim 6 is therefore expedient.
  • a steel tray is used for sealing, which also serves as lost internal formwork.
  • the explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell is shown with the ceiling pane 2 of particular interest here, which is designed as a flat plate. Except for function-related openings, the room cell is a cuboid-shaped reinforced concrete box that is closed on all sides, the walls and floor of which are made of panels. 1 shows parts of the longitudinal walls 3, 4 which are welded to one another with the transverse walls 5, 6 in the corners 7 to 10 of the rectangular plan.
  • the ceiling tile is placed on a cornice 11 and in turn, as shown schematically at 12, welded to the rising wall panels.
  • the ceiling pane 2 has a recess 14 which is closed with a cover 15.
  • the cover 15 has a circumferential cover flange 16 which extends essentially orthogonally to the plane of the cover.
  • the recess in turn has a substantially perpendicular upward protrusion above the top 17 of the ceiling plate 2 Recess flange 18.
  • the cover 15 lies loosely with the end face 19 of its flange 18 on the top 17 of the ceiling plate 2.
  • the interior space 25 of the room is supplied with supply air.
  • the exhaust air flows according to the arrows 26 in Fig. 3 through the recess 14 then between the end face 27 of the recess flange and the inside 28 of the cover and exits through the slots 24 into the atmosphere.
  • the flange 18 cooperates with the flange 16. The result of this is a guide which ensures that after the overpressure in the room cell 1 collapses, the cover 29 falls back into the starting position as soon as its weight overcomes the counterpressure. It can be seen that, therefore, the lid 15 cannot get out of the guide even in the case of strong internal explosions.
  • the cover 15 and the recess 14 are rectangular, as is the layout of the room cell.
  • the outline of the cover 15 and the recess run parallel to the longitudinal edges 31 and 33 over the transverse edges 32 and 30 of the ceiling plate 2. This results in a desired symmetry along the intersecting center lines of the transverse and longitudinal edges.
  • the top 17 of the ceiling pane 2 is recessed in the form of a tub. It forms the bottom of the tub.
  • the tub edges are formed by the rising legs of the cornices 11.
  • the tub designated 34 in FIG. 3 is, as shown schematically here at 35, made of sheet steel.
  • the trough is also excluded and in turn has a flange 36 which surrounds the recess 14.
  • the tub serves to collect rainwater, which is arranged through a recess 37 in a tub rim 38 assigned to the deepest of the slope of the tub.
  • the recess 37 is normally lined with a pipe which is connected to a vertical drain pipe which is fastened to the outer wall of the room cell.
  • the liquid level in the tub 34 rises during heavy rainfall until it reaches the level of a further opening 39, which is also located at the deepest slope of the tub, but above the main drain 37 is provided as an emergency drain.
  • the opening 39 lies below the maximum level of the liquid in the trough 34. The maximum level is given by the upper edge 40 of the cornice 11.
  • the steel trough 35 can be used as lost inner formwork of the recess 34.
  • the cover is expediently transported separately from the ceiling pane 2 of the reinforced concrete room cell 1.
  • the cover can be placed on the recess 14 from above.
  • the cover itself is made of reinforced concrete and can therefore be prefabricated in the precast plant as well as the panes of the room cell.
  • Fig. 1 it is shown that the recess flange 18 has a plurality of slot-shaped openings 41. These enlarge the flow cross-section and help to remove exhaust air and explosion gases more quickly.

Abstract

The invention relates to an explosion-proof reinforced-concrete unitised unit, in particular reinforced-concrete unitised-unit transformer station, having a plurality of openings which serve for venting and as hazard protection, are arranged on the ceiling slab, provide connection between the interior and the atmosphere, and are protected from incoming rainwater owing to the inclined arrangement. In the case of said unitised unit, the invention provides that the ceiling slab (2) has a cutout (14) which is closed by a cover (15), and that the openings, which are provided as hazard protection, are designed in the form of at least one slot between the cover (15) and a flange (18) which serves as anti-displacement means for the cover and belongs to the cutout (14), while, for venting purposes, further slots are provided in a cover flange (16) which, in the case of the anti-displacement means for the cover, interacts with the cutout flange (18) and, for protecting the unitised-unit interior (25) from rainwater, said further slots are provided with an outwardly directed gradient. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle, insbesondere eine Raumzellentrafostation gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to an explosion-protected reinforced concrete room cell, in particular a room cell transformer station according to the preamble of claim 1.

Der Explosionsschutz der erfindungsgemäßen Stahlbetonraumzelle bezweckt im Falle einer Explosion im Inneren der Raumzelle den Schutz der unmittelbaren Umgebung und der sich in dieser aufhaltenden Personen gegen umherfliegende Teile. Bei Trafostationen, welche aus einer erfindungsgemäßen Stahlbetonraumzelle bestehen, kann es hauptsächlich durch Kurzschluß zu explosionsartigen Entladungen kommen. Derartige Explosionen lassen sich nicht ausschließen, insbesondere bei Raumzellen, welche weitgehend ohne Aufsicht sind. Das ist unter anderem bei Trafostationen der beschriebenen Art der Fall, die zur Umspannung der Fernleitungen auf die Versorgungsleitungen z.B. von Wohnsiedlungen entfernt, z.B. im Wald aufgestellt sind. Zwar sind explosionsgefährdete Raumzellen auf unterschiedliche Weise gegen im Innern auftretende Explosionen geschützt und außerdem zwangsbelüftet. Die hierdurch notwendige Zwangsbelüftung ist jedoch nicht in der Lage, im Falle einer dennoch auftretenden Explosion den dadurch schlagartig eintretenden Überdruck im Innenraum der Raumzelle hinreichend schnell abzubauen, so daß es zu Zerstörungen und damit zu dem beschriebenen Gefährdungspotential kommt.The explosion protection of the reinforced concrete room cell according to the invention is intended in the event of an explosion in the interior of the room cell to protect the immediate surroundings and the people in the room from flying parts. In the case of transformer stations which consist of a reinforced concrete room cell according to the invention, explosive discharges can occur mainly as a result of a short circuit. Such explosions cannot be ruled out, particularly in the case of room cells that are largely without supervision. This is the case, among other things, with transformer stations of the type described, which are situated in the forest, for example, from residential areas in order to transform the long-distance lines to the supply lines. Explosion-proof room cells are protected in different ways against internal explosions and are also forced-ventilated. However, the forced ventilation that is necessary as a result is not capable of reducing the sudden overpressure in the interior of the room cell sufficiently quickly in the event of an explosion, which leads to destruction and thus to the described risk potential.

Der Explosionsschutz erfordert zum schnellen Abbau des Explosionsüberdruckes im Interesse der Standfestigkeit des Gebäudes hinreichend dimensionierte Öffnungen, welche den Innenraum mit der Atmosphäre verbinden. Im allgemeinen wird dabei von Prüfdrücken in der Größenordnung von beispielsweise 1,5 t/m² ausgegangen. Normalerweise führen solche Überdrücke zur sofortigen, mindestens teilweisen Zerstörung einzelner oder mehrerer Scheiben des Gebäudes mit einem entsprechenden Gefährdungspotential durch umherfliegende Teile. Andererseits müssen derartige Raumzellen gegen das Eindringen von Niederschlagwasser geschützt werden. Bei hinreichend groß bemessenen Öffnungen zum Abbau des inneren Überdruckes macht deren Abdichtung erhebliche Schwierigkeiten. Es ist bekannt, die Öffnungen so anzulegen, daß ein Gefälle entsteht, welches das Niederschlagwasser nicht überwinden kann. Zum Schutz gegen Winddrücke werden dabei Abdeckbleche benutzt. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß derartige Raumzellen in der Praxis den Anforderungen im allgemeinen nicht genügen. Entweder werden die geforderten Abdichtungen nicht erreicht, oder der Explosionsversuch führt zu den gefürchteten Zerstörungen und dem beschriebenen Gefährdungspotential, das ausgeschlossen werden muß.In order to ensure that the building is stable, explosion protection requires adequately dimensioned openings to quickly release the explosion overpressure, which connect the interior with the atmosphere. In general, test pressures in the order of magnitude of, for example, 1.5 t / m 2 are assumed. Normally, such overpressures lead to the immediate, at least partial, destruction of one or more panes of the building with a corresponding risk potential from flying parts. On the other hand, such room cells must be protected against the ingress of rainwater. If the openings are sufficiently large to reduce the internal overpressure, sealing them creates considerable difficulties. It is known to create the openings in such a way that a slope arises which the rainwater cannot overcome. Cover plates are used to protect against wind pressure. It has been found that such space cells generally do not meet the requirements in practice. Either the required seals are not achieved or the attempt to explode leads to the feared destruction and the described risk potential, which must be excluded.

Die Erfindung geht demgegenüber einen anderen Weg, dessen Grundgedanke im Anspruch 1 wiedergegeben ist. Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.In contrast, the invention takes a different path, the basic idea of which is given in claim 1. Further features of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Gemäß der Erfindung dient die Aussparung in der Deckenscheibe zur Abführung der Abluft und der Explosionsgase, wobei sich dann die Strömungswege teilen. Während im Falle der Explosion die Explosionsgase sich ihren weiteren Weg z.B. zwischen Decke, Flansch und Deckenscheibe der Raumzelle suchen, strömt die Abluft durch die Schlitze, welche hierfür eigens im Deckelflansch vorgesehen sind. Einerseits wird dadurch für die Explosionsgase eine erhebliche Vergrößerung des Strömungsquerschnittes erreicht, da sich die Aussparung fast beliebig groß anlegen läßt, andererseits sind die Abluftschlitze gegen das Eindringen von Niederschlagwasser nicht nur durch ihre nach außen geneigte Anordnung, sondern zusätzlich durch den Aussparungsflansch geschützt, den das Niederschlagwasser überspringen muß, bevor es die Aussparungen und damit den Innenraum der Raumzelle erreichen kann.According to the invention, the recess in the ceiling pane serves to discharge the exhaust air and the explosion gases, the flow paths then sharing. While in the event of an explosion the explosion gases find their way, for example between the ceiling, flange and ceiling pane of the room cell, the exhaust air flows through the slots, which are provided for this purpose in the cover flange are. On the one hand, a considerable increase in the flow cross-section is achieved for the explosion gases, since the recess can be made almost any size, on the other hand, the exhaust vents are protected against the ingress of rainwater not only by their outward inclined arrangement, but also by the recess flange, which the Rainwater must skip before it can reach the recesses and thus the interior of the room cell.

Die Erfindung vermag dadurch auf einfache Weise den gestellten Anforderungen an explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzellen zu genügen. Die Herstellung und die Montage der erfindungsgemäßen Stahlbetonraumzelle sind vergleichsweise einfach, weil nicht nur die Raumzelle, sondern auch der Deckel im Fertigteilwerk vorgefertigt und am Aufstellungsort bequem montiert werden können.The invention is thus able to meet the requirements placed on explosion-protected reinforced concrete room cells in a simple manner. The manufacture and assembly of the reinforced concrete room cell according to the invention are comparatively simple, because not only the room cell, but also the cover can be prefabricated in the precast plant and conveniently assembled at the installation site.

Vorzugsweise und gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruches 2 werden Aussparung und Deckel sowie die Raumzelle weitgehend symmetrisch angelegt. Dadurch, daß der Deckel und die Aussparung einen rechteckigen bis quadratischen Grundriß aufweisen, sind die Strömungsverhältnisse nicht entscheidend gegenüber anderen möglichen Grundrißformen geändert. Da dieser Grundriß mit seinen Umrißlinien parallel zu den Längs- und Querkanten der Deckenscheibe bzw. Deckenplatte orientiert wird, ist das Einmessen und Abschalen der Aussparung wesentlich erleichtert.Preferably and according to the features of claim 2, the recess and cover and the spatial cell are largely symmetrical. Due to the fact that the cover and the recess have a rectangular to square outline, the flow conditions are not decisively changed compared to other possible layout shapes. Since this outline is oriented with its outline parallel to the longitudinal and transverse edges of the ceiling slab or ceiling slab, the measuring and stripping of the recess is made considerably easier.

Gemäß weiteren Merkmalen der Erfindung, die Gegenstand des Anspruches 3 sind, ist vorgesehen, im Falle einer Explosion den Deckel durch den Innendruck der Raumzelle anzuheben, so daß die Explosionsgase im Anschluß an die Aussparung zwischen Deckelflansch und Deckenscheibe austreten können. Dadurch, daß bei dieser Ausführungsform der Aussparungs- und der Deckelflansch eine Führung des Deckels beim Druckausgleich im Falle einer Explosion bilden, wird erreicht, daß der Deckel zwar nach oben steigen kann, aber nach dem Druckausgleich nach unten zur Auflage auf der Deckenscheibe zurückgeführt wird. Das Wegfliegen des Deckels ist auf diese Weise zuverlässig ausgeschlossen.According to further features of the invention, which are the subject of claim 3, it is provided to raise the lid in the event of an explosion by the internal pressure of the room cell, so that the explosion gases can escape subsequent to the recess between the cover flange and the cover plate. The fact that in this embodiment, the recess and the cover flange a guide of Forming the lid during pressure equalization in the event of an explosion, it is achieved that the lid may rise upwards, but after pressure equalization is returned downward to rest on the ceiling pane. This reliably prevents the cover from flying away.

Nach anderen Merkmalen der Erfindung in den Ansprüchen 4 bis 6 wird die Abdichtung gegen Niederschlagwasser verbessert. Zu diesem Zweck erhält die Oberseite der Deckenscheibe ein Gefälle, das zu einer Aussparung führt, die einen Ablauf für das Niederschlagwasser bildet. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß sich normalerweise das Niederschlagwasser nicht sammeln kann. Andererseits ist die Sammlung des Niederschlagwassers bei verstopfter Aussparung und an fehlendem Abfluß im Verlaufe der Standzeit einer Stahlbetonraumzelle nicht auszuschließen. Wenn z.B. die Stahlbetonraumzelle gemäß der Erfindung im Wald aufgestellt wird, können Laub und andere Fremdkörper die Aussparung verstopfen. Deshalb ist weiter vorgesehen, die Oberseite der Deckenscheibe mit einer wannenartigen Vertiefung auszubilden, so daß ein gewisser Speicherraum für das Niederschlagwasser vorhanden ist.According to other features of the invention in claims 4 to 6, the sealing against rainwater is improved. For this purpose, the top of the ceiling pane is given a slope, which leads to a recess that forms a drain for the rainwater. This ensures that the rainwater cannot normally collect. On the other hand, the collection of rainwater cannot be ruled out if the recess is blocked and there is no drainage during the service life of a reinforced concrete room cell. If e.g. the reinforced concrete room cell is set up in the forest according to the invention, leaves and other foreign objects can clog the recess. Therefore, it is further provided that the top of the ceiling pane is formed with a trough-like depression, so that a certain storage space for the rainwater is available.

Bei einer Weiterbildung dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist für die Wanne ein Notablauf vorgesehen. Erreicht das Niederschlagwasser seinen maximalen Pegel in der Wanne, sorgt der Notablauf dafür, daß das angesammelte Niederschlagwasser den Aussparungsflansch nicht überlaufen kann. Da der Notablauf deshalb oberhalb des Wannenbodens angeordnet ist, kann er auch nicht durch Fremdkörper verstopft werden.In a development of this embodiment of the invention, an emergency drain is provided for the tub. If the precipitation water reaches its maximum level in the tub, the emergency drain ensures that the accumulated precipitation water cannot overflow the recess flange. Since the emergency drain is therefore located above the tub floor, it cannot be blocked by foreign objects.

Die Deckenplatte muß gegen das Eindringen von Niederschlagwasser auch durch eine Abdichtung geschützt werden. Zweckmäßig ist daher die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 6.The ceiling tile must also be protected against the ingress of rainwater by a seal. The embodiment according to claim 6 is therefore expedient.

Hierbei wird eine Stahlwanne zur Abdichtung verwendet, die gleichzeitig als verlorene Innenschalung dient.A steel tray is used for sealing, which also serves as lost internal formwork.

Die Einzelheiten, weiteren Merkmale und anderen Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung einer Ausführungsform anhand der Figuren in der Zeichnung; es zeigen

Fig. 1
in abgebrochener Darstellung einen Schnitt längs der Linie I-I der Fig. 2,
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf die Deckenscheibe einer explosionsgeschützten Stahlbetonraumzelle und
Fig. 3
die bei III in Fig. 1 wiedergegebene Einzelheit in vergrößertem Maßstab.
The details, further features and other advantages of the invention result from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the figures in the drawing; show it
Fig. 1
in broken representation a section along the line II of FIG. 2,
Fig. 2
a plan view of the ceiling pane of an explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell and
Fig. 3
the detail shown at III in Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale.

Die allgemein mit 1 bezeichnete explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle ist mit der hier vor allem interessierenden Deckenscheibe 2, die als ebene Platte ausgebildet ist, wiedergegeben. Die Raumzelle ist bis auf funktionsbedingte Öffnungen ein quaderförmiger allseits geschlossener Stahlbetonkasten, dessen Wände und Boden in Plattenbauweise hergestellt sind. Sichtbar sind in Fig. 1 Teile der Längswände 3, 4, die mit den Querwänden 5, 6 in den Ecken 7 bis 10 des rechteckigen Grundrisses miteinander verschweißt sind. Die Deckenplatte ist auf ein Gesims 11 aufgelegt und ihrerseits, wie bei 12 schematisch dargestellt, mit den aufgehenden Wandscheiben verschweißt.The explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell, generally designated 1, is shown with the ceiling pane 2 of particular interest here, which is designed as a flat plate. Except for function-related openings, the room cell is a cuboid-shaped reinforced concrete box that is closed on all sides, the walls and floor of which are made of panels. 1 shows parts of the longitudinal walls 3, 4 which are welded to one another with the transverse walls 5, 6 in the corners 7 to 10 of the rectangular plan. The ceiling tile is placed on a cornice 11 and in turn, as shown schematically at 12, welded to the rising wall panels.

Die Deckenscheibe 2 weist eine Aussparung 14 auf, die mit einem Deckel 15 verschlossen ist. Der Deckel 15 weist einen umlaufenden, im wesentlichen orthogonal zur Ebene des Deckels verlaufenden Deckelflansch 16 auf. Die Aussparung hat ihrerseits einen im wesentlichen rechtwinklig nach oben über die Oberseite 17 der Deckenplatte 2 vorstehenden Aussparungsflansch 18. Der Deckel 15 liegt lose mit der Stirnseite 19 seines Flansches 18 auf der Oberseite 17 der Deckenplatte 2 auf.The ceiling pane 2 has a recess 14 which is closed with a cover 15. The cover 15 has a circumferential cover flange 16 which extends essentially orthogonally to the plane of the cover. The recess in turn has a substantially perpendicular upward protrusion above the top 17 of the ceiling plate 2 Recess flange 18. The cover 15 lies loosely with the end face 19 of its flange 18 on the top 17 of the ceiling plate 2.

In dem Deckelflansch befindet sich eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen 20 bis 23 in Form von Schlitzen 24. Diese Schlitze sind gegen das Eindringen von Niederschlagwasser mit Gefälle nach außen versehen. Dadurch ist der Raumzelleninnenraum 25 trocken.There are a plurality of openings 20 to 23 in the form of slots 24 in the cover flange. These slots are provided with a slope to the outside against the ingress of rainwater. As a result, the interior space 25 of the cell is dry.

Normalerweise ist der Raumzelleninnenraum 25 mit Zuluft beaufschlagt. Die Abluft strömt gemäß den Pfeilen 26 in Fig. 3 durch die Aussparung 14 sodann zwischen der Stirnseite 27 des Aussparungsflansches und der Innenseite 28 des Deckels und tritt durch die Schlitze 24 in die Atmosphäre aus.Normally, the interior space 25 of the room is supplied with supply air. The exhaust air flows according to the arrows 26 in Fig. 3 through the recess 14 then between the end face 27 of the recess flange and the inside 28 of the cover and exits through the slots 24 into the atmosphere.

Im Falle einer Explosion kommen die Explosionsgase ihrerseits durch die Aussparung 14 nach oben, breiten sich zwischen der Stirnseite 27 und der Innenseite des Deckels aus und beaufschlagen auf diese Weise die gesamte Innenfläche 28 des Deckels. Dieser wird unter dem Druck der Explosionsgase angehoben. Das zeigt die gestrichelte Darstellung bei 29 in Fig. 1. Hierdurch wird den Explosionsgasen der Weg zwischen Deckelflansch 15 und Oberseite 17 der Deckenscheibe 2 freigegeben.In the event of an explosion, the explosion gases in turn come up through the cutout 14, spread out between the end face 27 and the inside of the cover, and thus act on the entire inner surface 28 of the cover. This is raised under the pressure of the explosion gases. This is shown by the broken line at 29 in FIG. 1. This clears the way for the explosion gases between the cover flange 15 and the top 17 of the cover plate 2.

Der Flansch 18 wirkt dabei mit dem Flansch 16 zusammen. Es ergibt sich hieraus eine Führung, die dafür sorgt, daß nach Zusammenbrechen des Überdruckes in der Raumzelle 1 der Deckel 29, sobald dessen Gewicht den Gegendruck überwindet, in die Ausgangslage zurückfällt. Es ist ersichtlich, daß deswegen der Deckel 15 auch bei starken Innenexplosionen nicht aus der Führung herausgelangen kann.The flange 18 cooperates with the flange 16. The result of this is a guide which ensures that after the overpressure in the room cell 1 collapses, the cover 29 falls back into the starting position as soon as its weight overcomes the counterpressure. It can be seen that, therefore, the lid 15 cannot get out of the guide even in the case of strong internal explosions.

Gemäß der Darstellung der Fig. 2 sind der Deckel 15 und die Aussparung 14 ebenso wie der Grundriß der Raumzelle rechteckig. Die Umrißlinien des Deckels 15 und der Aussparung verlaufen parallel zu den Längskanten 31 und 33 über die Querkanten 32 und 30 der Deckenplatte 2. Es ergibt sich daraus eine erwünschte Symmetrie längs der sich kreuzenden Mittellinien der Quer- und Längskanten.According to the illustration in FIG. 2, the cover 15 and the recess 14 are rectangular, as is the layout of the room cell. The outline of the cover 15 and the recess run parallel to the longitudinal edges 31 and 33 over the transverse edges 32 and 30 of the ceiling plate 2. This results in a desired symmetry along the intersecting center lines of the transverse and longitudinal edges.

Die Oberseite 17 der Deckenscheibe 2 ist in Form einer Wanne vertieft. Sie bildet den Boden der Wanne. Die Wannenränder werden von den aufgehenden Schenkeln der Gesimse 11 gebildet. Die in Fig. 3 mit 34 bezeichnete Wanne ist wie hier bei 35 schematisch dargestellt, aus Stahlblech. Im Bereich des Aussparungsflansches ist auch die Wanne ausgenommen und hat ihrerseits einen Flansch 36, der die Aussparung 14 umgibt. Die Wanne dient zur Sammlung von Niederschlagwasser, das durch eine Aussparung 37 in einem dem tiefsten des Gefälles der Wanne zugeordneten Wannenrand 38 angeordnet ist. Normalerweise wird die Aussparung 37 mit einem Rohr ausgekleidet, das an ein senkrechtes Ablaufrohr angeschlossen wird, welches an der Außenwand der Raumzelle befestigt ist.The top 17 of the ceiling pane 2 is recessed in the form of a tub. It forms the bottom of the tub. The tub edges are formed by the rising legs of the cornices 11. The tub designated 34 in FIG. 3 is, as shown schematically here at 35, made of sheet steel. In the area of the recess flange the trough is also excluded and in turn has a flange 36 which surrounds the recess 14. The tub serves to collect rainwater, which is arranged through a recess 37 in a tub rim 38 assigned to the deepest of the slope of the tub. The recess 37 is normally lined with a pipe which is connected to a vertical drain pipe which is fastened to the outer wall of the room cell.

Falls der Ablauf 37 durch Laub oder andere Fremdkörper verstopft ist, steigt bei starken Niederschlägen der Flüssigkeitsspiegel in der Wanne 34 an, bis er das Niveau einer weiteren Öffnung 39 erreicht, welche ebenfalls im Tiefsten des Gefälles der Wanne angeordnet ist, jedoch oberhalb des Hauptablaufs 37 als Notablauf vorgesehen ist. Wie ersichtlich, liegt die Öffnung 39 unterhalb des Maximalniveaus der Flüssigkeit in der Wanne 34. Das Maximalniveau ist durch die Oberkante 40 des Gesimses 11 gegeben.If the drain 37 is blocked by leaves or other foreign bodies, the liquid level in the tub 34 rises during heavy rainfall until it reaches the level of a further opening 39, which is also located at the deepest slope of the tub, but above the main drain 37 is provided as an emergency drain. As can be seen, the opening 39 lies below the maximum level of the liquid in the trough 34. The maximum level is given by the upper edge 40 of the cornice 11.

Die Stahlwanne 35 kann als verlorene Innenschalung der Vertiefung 34 verwendet werden.The steel trough 35 can be used as lost inner formwork of the recess 34.

Der Deckel wird gleichzeitig aber zweckmäßig getrennt von der Deckenscheibe 2 der Stahlbetonraumzelle 1 transportiert. Am Aufstellungsort läßt sich der Deckel von oben auf die Aussparung 14 aufsetzen. Der Deckel besteht seinerseits aus Stahlbeton und kann daher im Fertigteilewerk ebenso wie die Scheiben der Raumzelle vorgefertigt werden.At the same time, the cover is expediently transported separately from the ceiling pane 2 of the reinforced concrete room cell 1. At the installation site, the cover can be placed on the recess 14 from above. The cover itself is made of reinforced concrete and can therefore be prefabricated in the precast plant as well as the panes of the room cell.

In Fig. 1 ist dargestellt, daß der Aussparungsflansch 18 eine Mehrzahl von schlitzförmigen Durchbrechungen 41 aufweist. Diese vergrößern den Strömungsquerschnitt und tragen dazu bei, Abluft und Explosionsgase schneller abzuführen.In Fig. 1 it is shown that the recess flange 18 has a plurality of slot-shaped openings 41. These enlarge the flow cross-section and help to remove exhaust air and explosion gases more quickly.

Claims (8)

Explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle, insbesondere Stahlbetonraumzellentrafostation, mit einer zur Entlüftung und als Gefährdungsschutz dienenden, an der Deckenscheibe angeordneten Mehrzahl von Öffnungen, welche Verbindung zwischen dem Innenraum und der Atmosphäre herstellen und gegen zusitzendes Niederschlagwasser durch geneigte Anordnung geschützt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Deckenscheibe (2) eine Aussparung (14) aufweist, die mit einem Deckel (15) verschlossen ist und daß die Öffnungen, welche als Gefährdungsschutz vorgesehen sind, in Form wenigstens eines Schlitzes zwischen dem Deckel (15) und einem zur Verschiebungssicherung des Deckels dienenden Flansch (18) der Aussparung (14) ausgebildet sind, während zur Entlüftung weitere Schlitze (21 bis 23, 24) in einem bei der Verschiebungssicherung des Deckels mit dem Aussparungsflansch (18) zusammenwirkenden Deckelflansch (16) vorgesehen und zum Schutze des Raumzelleninnenraumes (25) gegen Niederschlagwasser mit Gefälle nach außen versehen sind.Explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell, in particular reinforced concrete room cell transformer station, with a plurality of openings on the ceiling pane, which serve for ventilation and protection against hazards, which create a connection between the interior and the atmosphere and are protected against sedimentary rainwater by inclined arrangement, characterized in that the ceiling pane (2 ) has a recess (14) which is closed with a cover (15) and that the openings, which are provided as protection against danger, in the form of at least one slot between the cover (15) and a flange (18) for securing the cover against displacement of the recess (14) are formed, while for ventilation additional slots (21 to 23, 24) are provided in a cover flange (16) which interacts with the recess flange (18) to secure the cover against displacement and also to protect the interior of the room cell (25) against rainwater Downward gradients are provided. Explosionsgeschützte stahlbetohraumzelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Deckel (15) und die Aussparung (14) einen rechteckigen bis quadratischen Grundriß aufweisen, der mit seinen Umrißlinien parallel zu den Längs- und Querkanten (31 bis 33) der die Deckenscheibe bildenden Deckenplatte (2) orientiert ist.Explosion-proof reinforced steel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (15) and the recess (14) have a rectangular to square outline, the outline of which is parallel to the longitudinal and transverse edges (31 to 33) of the ceiling panel forming the ceiling panel ( 2) is oriented. Explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Aussparungs- und der Deckelflansch (16, 18) beim Druckausgleich im Falle einer Explosion eine Führung (15) bilden, die den Deckel (15) nach oben steigen läßt und nach Druckausgleich nach unten zur Auflage auf die Deckenscheibe (2) zurückführt.Explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the recess and the cover flange (16, 18) form a guide (15) during pressure equalization in the event of an explosion, which allows the cover (15) to rise upwards and downwards Pressure compensation down to rest on the ceiling pane (2). Explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberseite (17) der Deckenscheibe (2) als Wanne (35) vertieft ist, die zur Sammlung von Niederschlagwasser dient, welches durch wenigstens eine Aussparung (37) in einem dem Tiefsten des Gefälles der Wanne (35) zugeordneten Wannenrand (38) nach außen abläuft.Explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper side (17) of the ceiling pane (2) is recessed as a trough (35) which serves to collect rainwater, which through at least one recess (37) in one of the Deepest of the slope of the tub (35) associated tub edge (38) runs outwards. Explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens einen Notablauf (39) der Wanne (35) durch eine Aussparung eines der Wannenränder in einer Höhe unterhalb des maximalen Flüssigkeitsspiegels in der Wanne (35).Explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by at least one emergency drain (39) of the trough (35) by a recess in one of the trough edges at a height below the maximum liquid level in the trough (35). Explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wanne (34, 35) aus Stahl besteht und als verlorene Innenschalung der Vertiefung (34) in der Deckenscheibe (2) dient.Explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the trough (34, 35) consists of steel and serves as lost inner formwork of the recess (34) in the ceiling pane (2). Explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wanne (35) ausgespart ist und mit Aussparungsrändern (36) den Aussparungsflansch (18) der Aussparung (14) der Deckenscheibe (2) umgibt.Explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the trough (35) is recessed and surrounds the recess flange (18) of the recess (14) of the ceiling pane (2) with recess edges (36). Explosionsgeschützte Stahlbetonraumzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch eine Mehrzahl von Schlitzen (41) im Aussparungsflansch (18) der Vergrößerung des Strömungsquerschnittes der Abluft und Explosionsgase.Explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by a plurality of slots (41) in the recess flange (18) for enlarging the flow cross-section of the exhaust air and explosion gases.
EP93104109A 1992-04-02 1993-03-13 Explosion proof reinforced concrete shelter, particularly reinforced concrete shelter transformer station Withdrawn EP0566860A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924210901 DE4210901A1 (en) 1992-04-02 1992-04-02 Explosion-proof reinforced concrete room cell, in particular reinforced concrete room cell transformer station
DE4210901 1992-04-02

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EP0566860A2 true EP0566860A2 (en) 1993-10-27
EP0566860A3 EP0566860A3 (en) 1994-01-19

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2276894A (en) * 1993-04-07 1994-10-12 Kinpars Ind Plastics Ltd Roofing system for building subject to internal pressure
FR2797652A1 (en) * 1999-08-20 2001-02-23 Jean Ertauran Method of limiting powder explosion in storage cell involves providing rupture lines in lid to deflect explosion upwardly
CN107905395A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-04-13 衡水金盾门业有限公司 A kind of venting of dust explosion system

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010020719A1 (en) 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Abb Technology Ag substation
DE102012221498A1 (en) 2012-11-23 2014-05-28 Wobben Properties Gmbh Transfer station for the supply of electrical energy, as well as wind turbine park with such transfer station
CN112049270A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-08 常州第一建筑集团有限公司 Construction method of steel structure workshop color plate and aluminum foil laminated shielding system

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DE2110093A1 (en) * 1971-03-03 1972-09-21 Müller, Gervin, 6833 Kirrlach Prefabricated roof, for buildings at risk of explosion
DE7303744U (en) * 1974-07-18 Gebrueder Weinzierl Betonwerk Cable station type Ko
DE7421503U (en) * 1974-06-24 1974-10-10 Kaufmann K Prefabricated structure to accommodate a transformer station
DE7510739U (en) * 1975-07-31 Pfisterer K Elektrotechnische Spezi Roof for transformer housing
DE2430424A1 (en) * 1974-06-25 1976-01-15 Maier & Stadlinger Hoch Tief U Movable partitioned prefabricated transformer station building - with continuous ledges for selective anchorage of beams and concrete slab floors
DE2433572B2 (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-05-20 Hörmann GmbH & Co KG Energieverteilungsanlagen, 8000 München BUILDING FOR AN ELECTRIC SUBSTATION OR SWITCHING STATION WITH EXPLOSION HAZARD SWITCHGEAR
DE3014483A1 (en) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-22 Beton-Bau GmbH, 6833 Waghäusel Explosion-proof electrical substation - has relief duct for pressure wave extending between flat concrete roof and outer pitched roof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7303744U (en) * 1974-07-18 Gebrueder Weinzierl Betonwerk Cable station type Ko
DE7510739U (en) * 1975-07-31 Pfisterer K Elektrotechnische Spezi Roof for transformer housing
DE2110093A1 (en) * 1971-03-03 1972-09-21 Müller, Gervin, 6833 Kirrlach Prefabricated roof, for buildings at risk of explosion
DE7421503U (en) * 1974-06-24 1974-10-10 Kaufmann K Prefabricated structure to accommodate a transformer station
DE2430424A1 (en) * 1974-06-25 1976-01-15 Maier & Stadlinger Hoch Tief U Movable partitioned prefabricated transformer station building - with continuous ledges for selective anchorage of beams and concrete slab floors
DE2433572B2 (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-05-20 Hörmann GmbH & Co KG Energieverteilungsanlagen, 8000 München BUILDING FOR AN ELECTRIC SUBSTATION OR SWITCHING STATION WITH EXPLOSION HAZARD SWITCHGEAR
DE3014483A1 (en) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-22 Beton-Bau GmbH, 6833 Waghäusel Explosion-proof electrical substation - has relief duct for pressure wave extending between flat concrete roof and outer pitched roof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2276894A (en) * 1993-04-07 1994-10-12 Kinpars Ind Plastics Ltd Roofing system for building subject to internal pressure
GB2276894B (en) * 1993-04-07 1996-10-02 Kinpars Ind Plastics Ltd Roofing system
FR2797652A1 (en) * 1999-08-20 2001-02-23 Jean Ertauran Method of limiting powder explosion in storage cell involves providing rupture lines in lid to deflect explosion upwardly
CN107905395A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-04-13 衡水金盾门业有限公司 A kind of venting of dust explosion system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4210901A1 (en) 1993-10-14
EP0566860A3 (en) 1994-01-19

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