EP0566781B1 - Overhead door, especially to be installed in gymnasiums - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes an overhead or up-and-over door which is suitable especially for installation in gymnasiums, in the closed position (1) the door (1) being located below the door lintel (2) and in front of the rear edge (19) of the latter. The door, which can thus also be closed flush with the surrounding wall and be opened with continuous effort in a uniform movement, comes to rest in its end position, in the opened position (13), behind the door lintel (2) in a virtually horizontally pivoted position. In a door according to the invention, a crossing between guide rails (11) and running rails (7, 21) is avoided in that at least one door fastening (4) is located at a distance (h) from the associated rail (7, 21), and the door mounting takes place by means of at least one roller (6, 24) running in the associated rail (7, 21) and by means of a connecting strut (5, 23) between the rail (7, 21) and the door fastening (4). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a swing or tilt gate, in particular for installation in gyms, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Gates for equipment rooms in gyms must comply with established security guidelines. This includes, for example, that a swing or tilting gate does not protrude beyond the front level of the gate in the closed position when actuated. A goal protruding from the gym wall in a semi-open state would pose a significant risk of injury to athletes who, for. B. in a ball game or the like. Overlook the half-open goal.

For this purpose, gates have become known which are guided with rollers in rails and are balanced with counterweights in such a way that they remain in almost any position during the opening process if the operator fails to act.

It is customary to guide the door with side rollers near the bottom edge in guide rails leading from the bottom up. The edge of the door standing forward during actuation cannot protrude from the wall in any phase of the forward movement since it is guided in a vertical plane. In order to pivot the door into an end position parallel to the ceiling, two further rollers, so-called rollers, are fastened near the upper edge of the gate in the closed position and guided in approximately horizontal rails. This upper edge of the door is thus guided to the rear when opening in a plane at least approximately parallel to the ceiling, so that the desired end position of the door is achieved.

Since the free passage height to equipment rooms in gyms must be at least 220 cm, an opening height of approx. 243 cm is required for the installation of a door described above due to its height in the open state. However, this opening height is often not given, especially in equipment rooms in older gyms, which are still equipped with outdated door constructions. Retrofitting with the prescribed gates is therefore not possible.

In order to still achieve the required free headroom, gates were proposed that in their end position do not lie below but behind the lintel. When installed in equipment rooms of gyms, such gates must continue to be flush with the wall when closed and, in turn, must never protrude from the wall level during the opening process.

For example, a door became known in which the lower guide rollers are also guided in side guide rails leading from the bottom upwards; however, these are arranged obliquely in such a way that the end position of the The bottom edge of the door is behind the lintel. Such an inclined guide rail, through which the bottom edge of the door is brought into such a position behind the lintel, however, intersects with the horizontal running rail that has been customary until now.

In order to avoid this problem, in the known gate the two rails arranged at the side were formed at their crossing point without the C-shaped profile rails which are essential for the function of the lateral guide walls. So that the guide rollers and the rollers can pass this "seamless" crossing point, several rollers with rigidly connected axes were used here, so that at least one of the rollers connected in this way is always firmly guided in a rail when the others pass the rail gap at the crossing point. The problem with such a door is to ensure that the door runs smoothly even when the respective rollers run over the gaps in the rails.

Another known solution to create a door with the required properties has become known in the form of a cranked track. The track in which the rollers for guiding the upper edge of the door run begins, as usual, under the lintel at the position where the rollers are in the closed position on the side near the upper edge of the door. It runs backwards under the lintel and is then curved upwards in order to avoid crossing with the guide rail leading from the bottom up. After this incline, this running rail is then again guided horizontally above the upper end of the guide rail for the lower guide roller, which leads obliquely from bottom to top. In this way, all rollers can be guided in closed C-profile rails. Overcoming the mentioned slope in the track, however, leads to an unfavorable uneven running and such an effort during the opening and closing process of the door. In a phase during the opening, an increased force has to be applied to move the door upwards along the slope until it can finally be pivoted backwards in the horizontal running rail, as is known. Such variations in the effort required to open them cannot be compensated for by counterweights.

With DE-U-86 08 777, in turn, a door has become known which has two straight guide rails each on one side of the door for the lower and upper guide rollers of the door (based on the closed door position). The upper guide roller is attached via a connection bracket rigidly attached to the door. With this arrangement it is possible to create a gate which, in the open position, lies horizontally behind the gate support. However, a gate according to this state of the art cannot close flush with the wall surrounding the gate opening. The connection support, which is rigidly attached to the gate, must rotate around the axis of the upper roller during opening. This will raise the top edge of the door. When installed in a position flush with the wall, the top edge of the door would hit the lintel before it can be pulled out to the rear under the lintel.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a gate which, in the closed position, lies below the lintel and in particular can also be flush with the surrounding wall, the gate being able to be opened in a uniform movement with as continuous an effort as possible. This task is started by a gate according to the state mentioned in the introduction the technology solved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Accordingly, a door according to the invention is characterized in that the door fastening on the connection support is designed to be rotatable and means are provided for securing the connection support against undesired twisting with respect to the running rail.

By providing a connection support, it is possible to guide the guide or running rails straight ahead and avoid crossings. This benefits the smooth running of the gate when it is operated. Due to the rotatable door fastening of the connection support, the door can be arranged flush with the surrounding wall in the closed position. When the door is opened, the bottom edge of the door can move backwards in a backward motion below the lintel, with the door leaf rotating in relation to the connecting support in the rotatable door fastening. For a stable mounting of the door in any position, the connection support is secured against twisting in relation to the running rail.

The measures listed in the subclaims make advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention possible.

So it has proven useful to guide the connection support with two rollers in the running rail. In this way, the connection between the door and the connection support can be made rotatable without the connection support rotating about the axis of a roller, as a result of which the door would not be functionally supported.

A Z-shaped connection support is always recommended if the largely horizontal running rail is to lie above the associated door fastening and above the guide rail leading from the bottom up. In this case, the crossing between the two rails is avoided in that the running rail is guided along above the upper end of the guide rail. In this case, the running track can also end behind the lintel and above the lower edge of the lintel. The Z-shaped connection support forms a kind of carriage, on the front arm of which the gate is suspended.

Of course, a door according to the invention can also be realized in that the running rail begins at the level of the upper door fastening in the closed door position and is guided upwards at a slight incline. In this case, the running rail ends at the front at the latest at the point where it meets the guide rail leading from the bottom up, the connecting support here being largely straight. The function of such a straight connection support, again forming a type of carriage, corresponds to that of the Z-shaped connection support described above.

When using a carriage described above, it is advisable to arrange the guide rail at an angle in a known manner. It therefore begins at the end position of the guide roller attached directly to the door near the bottom edge of the door in the closed position and is guided at an angle α obliquely backwards and upwards, so that the upper end comes to lie behind the lintel, where in open gate position then the guide rollers mentioned. The angle α is determined by the desired start or end position of the door during an opening or closing process. If, for example, the door is to be flush with the front of the lintel and open flush with the underside directly behind the lintel, α is easily obtained with α∼ arctan (lintel width b / gate height h).

Of course, such a gate can be balanced using rollers and pull ropes using counterweights. The uniform effort required to open such a door according to the invention enables this compensation with counterweights, so that the door in turn remains in any position during the opening process without external force.

In order to avoid accidents, for example when a pull rope is torn or improperly operated, the door can be provided with an automatically acting fall protection device, as is already used in the commercially available doors mentioned above.

A rubber edge profile attached to the lower edge increases the safety of a half-open goal in the event of an athlete hitting the lower edge.

A self-locking lock in turn serves for security and easier handling. In this way, it is avoided that the closed gate is accidentally opened by a person accidentally bumping into it or any objects striking it.

A door construction according to the invention offers, in particular when used as a device room door in gyms, the possibility of closing the closed door flush with the front of the lintel or with the installation wall, as prescribed for this purpose.

The use of a gate according to the invention is not limited to gyms and in particular not only to flush gates. Rather, it will always be used when the vertical gate plane in the closed position and the almost horizontal gate plane in the open position intersect in a cutting line that is not accessible due to structural obstacles, for example due to the lintel. In such a case, guide or running rails intersect, provided that all rollers are attached directly to the gate and there is no carriage according to the invention with a connecting support.

An advantageous embodiment is shown in the drawings and explained in more detail with reference to the following description.

Fig. 1 und Fig. 2

jeweils eine schematische Seitenansicht zweier erfindungsgemäßer Tore.

Show it

1 and 2

each a schematic side view of two gates according to the invention.

In Fig. 1, the closed gate 1 can be seen below a lintel 2, so that it with the installation wall 3rd ends flush on the face. An upper door fastening 4 rotatably connects the door 1 to a connecting support 5 whose shape resembles a mirrored Z. This Z-shaped connection support 5 is mounted with two rollers 6 in a slightly obliquely rising rail 7 and forms with them a carriage 8. A lower door fastening 9 connects the gate with a guide roller 10, which is at an angle, and an angle α is guided upwards behind the lintel 2 guide rail 11. At the lower edge of the gate 1, a rubber end profile 12 is also provided.

The open gate 1 ', 13 lies behind the lintel 2, the guide roller 10' being located at the upper end of the guide rail 11. The carriage 8 consisting of connecting support 5 and rollers 6 is located at the rear end of the running rail 7. The door has rotated in the upper door fastening 4 'with respect to the closed position.

The gate is operated in the usual way by pushing it in in the direction of arrow P and then lifting it in the direction of Q on the lower edge. During the opening process, the gate assumes various intermediate positions 14 to 17, which are indicated in the drawing. At the end of the opening process, the lower edge 18 of the opened door 1 ', 13 is located behind the lintel 2 and above its rear lower edge 19.

A pulling rope (not shown) can engage the lower door fastening 9 in such a door and then runs upwards within the guide rail 11 in order to be guided outwards between the guide rail 11 and the running rail 7 at the upper point 20 via a deflection roller. This mechanism, as well as a counterweight, also not shown, attached to it, are mentioned at the outset Gym gates, the opening height of which is not impeded by a fall that is too low, are well known.

Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of a gate according to the invention. This embodiment differs from the version described in that the running rail 21 comes to rest at its front end 22 below the lower edge 19 of the lintel in this case. Correspondingly, in this case the carriage 25 formed from a straight connection support 23 and the rollers 24 is designed. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment described above, the opened gate 1 ′, 26 lies above the running rail 21.

Many forms of connecting supports are conceivable for a pivoting or tilting gate according to the invention. It is essential for the invention that at least one rail end does not coincide with the associated door fastening in order to avoid a cross between the guide rail and the running rail, and the resulting distance a between the door fastening and the rail end is bridged with the aid of a connecting support.

• 1   geschlossenes Tor
• 2   Torsturz
• 3   Einbauwand
• 4   obere Torbefestigung
• 5   Verbindungsstütze
• 6   Laufrollen
• 7   Laufschiene
• 8   Laufwagen
• 9   untere Torbefestigung
• 10   Führungsrolle
• 11   Führungsschiene
• 12   Gummieabschlußprofil
• 13   geöffnetes Tor
• 14   Zwischenpositionen
• 15   Zwischenpositionen
• 16   Zwischenpositionen
• 17   Zwischenpositionen
• 18   Unterkante
• 19   Sturzunterkante
• 20   obere Stelle
• 21   Laufschiene
• 22   vorderes Ende
• 23   gerade Verbindungsstütze
• 24   Laufrolle
• 25   Laufwagen
• 26   geöffnetes Tor
• 27   Torsturzunterseite

Of course, each door contains a corresponding arrangement of the guide and running rails on both sides.

• 1 closed gate
• 2 lintel
• 3 built-in wall
• 4 upper door fastening
• 5 connection support
• 6 castors
• 7 track
• 8 carriages
• 9 lower door fastening
• 10 leadership role
• 11 guide rail
• 12 rubber end profile
• 13 open gate
• 14 intermediate positions
• 15 intermediate positions
• 16 intermediate positions
• 17 intermediate positions
• 18 bottom edge
• 19 lower edge of the lintel
• 20 upper digit
• 21 track
• 22 front end
• 23 straight connection support
• 24 roller
• 25 carriages
• 26 open gate
• 27 Bottom of the lintel

Claims (10)

1. Hinged or tilting door, in particular for installation in gymnasiums, with guide rollers (10) in a lateral guide rail (11) leading from the bottom upwards and castors (6, 24) in a lateral track (7, 21) leading from the front rearwards, in the closed position (1), the door (1) being located below the under side of the door lintel (27) and in front of its rear lower edge (19) and in the open position (1', 13, 26), being located at least partly above the under side of the lintel and behind the rear lower edge (19), the guide rail (11) and the tracks (7, 21) not intersecting, in which case at least one door anchorage (4) is located at a distance (a) from the associated track (7, 21) and in which case the door mounting takes place by means of at least one castor (6, 24) travelling in the associated track (7, 21) and by means of a connecting stay (5, 23) between the track (7, 21) and the door anchorage (4), characterised in that the door anchorage (4) on the connecting stay (5, 23) is constructed to rotate and means (6, 24) for protecting the connecting stay (5, 23) from undesirable rotation with respect to the track (7, 21) are provided.
2. Door according to Claim 1, characterised in that the connecting stay (5) is guided by two castors (6, 24) in the track (7, 21).
3. Door according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the connecting stay (5) has a Z-shaped construction, the track (7) being located above the associated door anchorage (4) and above the guide rail (11).
4. Door according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the connecting stay (23) is constructed to be largely straight, the track (21) being located in the largely straight extension of the connecting stay (23) and behind the guide rail (11).
5. Door according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the guide rail (11) is arranged obliquely at an angle (α).
6. Door according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the door is provided with at least one pulling cable guided over rollers and counterweights attached thereto.
7. Door according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the door is provided with automatically operating means for preventing it from falling.
8. Door according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that a rubber sealing profile (12) is located on the lower edge.
9. Door according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the door is provided with an independently engaging lock.
10. Door according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the closed door (1) terminates flush with the installation wall (3).

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