EP0566034B1 - Cold briquetted coal - Google Patents
Cold briquetted coal Download PDFInfo
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- EP0566034B1 EP0566034B1 EP93105841A EP93105841A EP0566034B1 EP 0566034 B1 EP0566034 B1 EP 0566034B1 EP 93105841 A EP93105841 A EP 93105841A EP 93105841 A EP93105841 A EP 93105841A EP 0566034 B1 EP0566034 B1 EP 0566034B1
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- Prior art keywords
- coal
- starch
- molasses
- cold
- cold briquetted
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
- C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coal briquetted from fine coal and thermally post-treated, preferably from low-volatile, low-sulfur fine coal such as anthracite.
- Cold-briquetted coal of this type is produced using a wide variety of binders, the aim of which is to achieve sufficient green and fire resistance.
- European patent application 0 237 179 describes a molasses binder with a hardener made of iron oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate and aluminum oxide. Possibly. the hardener can also consist of an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid.
- the binder described in European laid-open specification 0 284 252 consists of polyvinyl alcohol with an inorganic hardener made of iron oxide, phosphate rock or bauxite and optionally an inorganic acid.
- a sugar or corresponding starch solution is proposed as the binder instead of molasses, hardeners made from inorganic and / or organic acids also being used. Further modifications of the binder are described in British patent applications 2,211,512, 2,223,505, 2,227,023 and 2,227,024. There it is proposed to add a water-containing binder such as molasses with an inorganic hardener in the form of cement to improve green stability. Instead of molasses, a sugar or starch solution with an inorganic hardener can also be used.
- U.S. Patent 645,361 further describes a briquetted coal made from 100 pounds of coal and 10 pounds of binder.
- the binder was made from 30 pounds of molasses, 3 pounds of starch, 100 pounds of water and 10 pounds of lime.
- the briquettes were post-treated thermally.
- a binder which consists of 0.5 to 3% by weight of starch, 1 to 4% by weight of molasses and an inorganic additive for reducing the content of stick - and sulfur oxides in the flue gases produced during the combustion of the coal moldings can consist of halogen- and sulfate-free calcium compounds together with halogen- and sulfate-free iron compounds or iron or iron-containing industrial waste.
- a cold-briquetted, thermally after-treated coal preferably made of low-volatile, low-sulfur fine coal such as anthracite
- a cold-briquetted, thermally after-treated coal preferably made of low-volatile, low-sulfur fine coal such as anthracite
- the combination of molasses and a small amount of starch surprisingly results in both sufficient green stability and storage stability as well as very good drum, pressure and fire resistance without making the production of cold-briquetted coal significantly more expensive, since molasses is inexpensively available at all times the starch, which is more expensive per se, is added only with a small proportion.
- this invention is based on a binder which contains both molasses and starch.
- the invention is therefore essentially based on the advantages not yet recognized in the combination of molasses with low starch additions and other additives.
- Iron chloride calcium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, but preferably phosphoric acid, can be used as the inorganic hardener.
- the effect of the starch is particularly pronounced when using native and / or modified potato starch, which may can be digested with steam.
- the modification can be carried out by additives or chemical treatment.
- the cold-briquetted green coal can contain a dry substance, preferably 8% molasses, preferably 0.4% starch, preferably 1.1% phosphoric acid, the rest of fine coal.
- a dry substance preferably 8% molasses, preferably 0.4% starch, preferably 1.1% phosphoric acid, the rest of fine coal.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- silicone resin emulsion can additionally significantly improve the water resistance, while the shelf life can also be increased by additions of inorganic light metal compounds which are also minimal.
- the low proportion of starch which is only approx. 1/20 of the molasses proportion, is not disadvantageous in terms of cost, but does bring about a significant improvement in green stability.
- the required fire stability results from the molasses and phosphoric acid content after heating the green, cold-briquetted coal for at least 30 minutes to approx. 270 ° C. At this temperature, the starch and the molasses in combination with the phosphoric acid form a framework that the coal particles when using the briquetted coal, d. H. during combustion to generate heat.
- Potato starch is delivered as a powder with 20% water content. It is preferably native starch or modified warm-swelling starch. The starch is mixed with water so that a suspension with about 20% dry matter is formed. This suspension is steamed in a steam cooker (Jet Cooker) processed and leaves the steam cooker as a viscous liquid that is mixed intensively with the cane sugar molasses and phosphoric acid.
- the minimal addition of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or silicone resin emulsion in the order of magnitude of 0.05 to 1% by weight can achieve a significant improvement in water resistance, while an equally minimal addition of an inorganic light metal compound increases the shelf life.
- the molasses contains 30% water. Fine coal with a temperature of approx.
- binders 125 ° C and a water content of approx. 0.5% is mixed with the binders in a countercurrent mixer and then evaporated to a water content of 4%.
- the mixture enters a double roller press at a temperature of around 50 ° C, from where the green briquettes go to a hardening plant, where they are hardened for at least 30 minutes and at temperatures up to 270 ° C.
- the cold briquetted and green hardened coal has a dry matter content of about 8% cane sugar molasses, about 0.4% potato starch, about 1.1% phosphoric acid, the rest of fine coal.
- the binder combination of sugar cane molasses and potato starch gives the best drum strength with sufficient green stability and the lowest costs.
- the green stability is highest when starch is used alone, but this also results in the highest costs.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine aus Feinkohle kaltbrikettierte und thermisch nachbehandelte Kohle, vorzugsweise aus niederflüchtiger, schwefelarmer Feinkohle wie Anthrazit.The invention relates to a coal briquetted from fine coal and thermally post-treated, preferably from low-volatile, low-sulfur fine coal such as anthracite.
Derartige kaltbrikettierte Kohle wird mit den verschiedensten Bindemitteln hergestellt, die das Ziel haben, eine ausreichende Grün- und Feuerstandfestigkeit zu erreichen. So wird in der europäischen Offenlegungsschrift 0 237 179 ein Bindemittel aus Melasse mit einem Härter aus Eisenoxid, Kalziumkarbonat, Kalziumphosphat und Aluminiumoxid beschrieben. Ggf. kann der Härter auch aus einer anorganischen Säure wie Phosphorsäure oder Schwefelsäure bestehen. Das in der europäischen Offenlegungsschrift 0 284 252 beschriebene Bindemittel besteht aus Polyvinylalkohol mit einem anorganischen Härter aus Eisenoxid, Phosphatgestein oder Bauxit sowie ggf. einer anorganischen Säure. In einer weiteren europäischen Offenlegungsschrift 0 308 095 wird als Bindemittel statt Melasse eine Zucker- oder entsprechende Stärkelösung vorgeschlagen, wobei zusätzlich Härter aus anorganischen und/oder organischen Säuren eingesetzt werden. Weitere Abwandlungen des Bindemittels sind in den britischen Patentanmeldungen 2 211 512, 2 223 505, 2 227 023 und 2 227 024 beschrieben. Dort wird vorgeschlagen, einen wasserhaltigen Binder wie Melasse mit einem anorganischen Härter in Form von Zement zur Verbesserung Grünstandfestigkeit zuzusetzen. Statt Melasse lassen sich auch eine Zucker- oder Stärkelösung mit einem anorganischen Härter verwenden. Des weiteren wird der Zusatz eines Trockenmittels wie Kalzium- oder Magnesiumchlorid, Kieselgel oder aktivierte Tonerde vorgeschlagen, ebenfalls um die Grünstandfestigkeit und die Druckfestigkeit in Verbindung mit einer guten Feuerstandfestigkeit zu verbessern. Derselbe Zweck soll durch den Zusatz von Magnesiumoxid erreicht werden. Schließlich soll auch noch durch Zusatz von Ammoniumverbindungen, insbesondere Ammoniumphosphat das Abbinden beschleunigt und die Wasserfestigkeit verbessert werden. Sämtliche Schutzrechtsanmeldungen stammen von derselben Anmelderin, die über einen längeren Zeitraum erhebliche Anstrengungen unternommen hat, eine kaltbrikettierte Kohle mit zufriedenstellenden Eigenschaften zu entwickeln.Cold-briquetted coal of this type is produced using a wide variety of binders, the aim of which is to achieve sufficient green and fire resistance. For example, European patent application 0 237 179 describes a molasses binder with a hardener made of iron oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate and aluminum oxide. Possibly. the hardener can also consist of an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid. The binder described in European laid-open specification 0 284 252 consists of polyvinyl alcohol with an inorganic hardener made of iron oxide, phosphate rock or bauxite and optionally an inorganic acid. In another European patent application 0 308 095, a sugar or corresponding starch solution is proposed as the binder instead of molasses, hardeners made from inorganic and / or organic acids also being used. Further modifications of the binder are described in British patent applications 2,211,512, 2,223,505, 2,227,023 and 2,227,024. There it is proposed to add a water-containing binder such as molasses with an inorganic hardener in the form of cement to improve green stability. Instead of molasses, a sugar or starch solution with an inorganic hardener can also be used. Furthermore, the addition of a desiccant such as calcium or magnesium chloride, silica gel or activated alumina is proposed, likewise in order to improve the green stability and the pressure resistance in connection with a good fire resistance. The same purpose is to be achieved by adding magnesium oxide. Finally, the setting should be accelerated and the water resistance should be improved by adding ammonium compounds, especially ammonium phosphate. All applications for property rights come from the same applicant, who has made considerable efforts over a long period of time to develop cold-briquetted coal with satisfactory properties.
Auch wenn dieses Ziel mit den verschiedenen Bindemitteln und Zusätzen im wesentlichen erreicht wurde, ist dennoch festzustellen, daß die dabei verwendeten Zusätze die kaltbrikettierte Kohle entweder nicht unerheblich verteuern oder nicht alle gewünschten Eigenschaften in ausreichendem Maße zu erreichen gestatten.Even if this goal with the different binders and Additions have been substantially achieved, it should be noted that the additives used either cold briquetted coal not insignificantly expensive or do not allow to achieve all the desired properties to a sufficient extent.
In der US-Patentschrift 645 361 ist des weiteren eine brikettierte Kohle beschrieben, die aus 100 Pfund Kohle und 10 Pfund Bindemittel hergestellt wurde. Das Bindemittel wurde aus 30 Pfund Melasse, 3 Pfund Stärke, 100 Pfund Wasser und 10 Pfund kalk hergestellt. Die Briketts wurden thermisch nachbehandelt.U.S. Patent 645,361 further describes a briquetted coal made from 100 pounds of coal and 10 pounds of binder. The binder was made from 30 pounds of molasses, 3 pounds of starch, 100 pounds of water and 10 pounds of lime. The briquettes were post-treated thermally.
Bei einem in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 38 21 950 beschriebenen Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserfesten Kohleformlingen wird ein Bindemittel verwendet, das aus 0,5 bis 3 Gewichts-% Stärke, 1 bis 4 Gewichts-% Melasse und einem anorganischen Zusatz zur Verringerung des Gehalts an Stick- und Schwefeloxiden in den bei der Verbrennung der Kohleformlingen entstehenden Rauchgasen aus halogen- und sulfatfreien Kalziumverbindungen zusammen mit halogen- und sulfatfreien Eisenverbindungen bzw. Eisen oder eisenhaltigen Industrieabfällen bestehen kann.In a process described in German Offenlegungsschrift 38 21 950 for the production of waterproof carbon molded articles, a binder is used which consists of 0.5 to 3% by weight of starch, 1 to 4% by weight of molasses and an inorganic additive for reducing the content of stick - and sulfur oxides in the flue gases produced during the combustion of the coal moldings can consist of halogen- and sulfate-free calcium compounds together with halogen- and sulfate-free iron compounds or iron or iron-containing industrial waste.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine umweltfreundliche, kaltbrikettierte Kohle mit einem Schwefelgehalt unter 1 % zu schaffen, die
- geringe Emissionen bei der Herstellung und Verwendung aufweist,
- ausreichende Grünstandfestigkeit, gute Trommel- und Punktdruckfestigkeit hat,
- absolut lagerbeständig ist und
- mit einem kostengünstigen, jederzeit verfügbaren Bindemittel hergestellt werden kann.
- has low emissions during manufacture and use,
- has sufficient green stability, good drum and point pressure resistance,
- is absolutely stable and
- can be produced with an inexpensive binder that is available at all times.
Ausgehend von dieser Aufgabenstellung wird eine kaltbrikettierte thermisch nachbehandelte Kohle, vorzugsweise aus niederflüchtiger, schwefelarmer Feinkohle wie Anthrazit, vorgeschlagen, die ein wasserhaltiges, Melasse und einen Anteil Stärke sowie einen anorganischen Härter enthaltendes Bindemittel aufweist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trockensubstanzenanteil 6 bis 15% Melasse und 0,2 bis 1,2% Stärke enthält. Durch die Kombination von Melasse und einem geringen Anteil an Stärke ergeben sich überraschenderweise sowohl eine ausreichende Grünstandfestigkeit und Lagerbeständigkeit als auch eine sehr gute Trommel-, Druckund Feuerstandfestigkeit, ohne daß sich dadurch die Herstellung der kaltbrikettierten Kohle wesentlich verteuert, da Melasse preisgünstig jederzeit verfügbar ist und die an sich teurere Stärke nur mit einem geringen Anteil zugesetzt wird.On the basis of this task, a cold-briquetted, thermally after-treated coal, preferably made of low-volatile, low-sulfur fine coal such as anthracite, is proposed, which has a water-containing, molasses and a proportion of starch and an inorganic hardener, characterized in that the dry substance content 6 to 15% molasses and Contains 0.2 to 1.2% starch. The combination of molasses and a small amount of starch surprisingly results in both sufficient green stability and storage stability as well as very good drum, pressure and fire resistance without making the production of cold-briquetted coal significantly more expensive, since molasses is inexpensively available at all times the starch, which is more expensive per se, is added only with a small proportion.
Im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Verfahren, die auf einem Bindemittel aus Melasse oder Stärke, ergänzt durch Zusätze, beruhen, basiert diese Erfindung auf einem Bindemittel, das sowohl Melasse als auch Stärke enthält. Die Erfindung beruht also im wesentlichen auf den bisher nicht erkannten Vorteilen in der Verbindung von Melasse mit geringen Stärkezusätzen und anderen Zuschlagstoffen.In contrast to the known methods, which are based on a binder made of molasses or starch, supplemented by additives, this invention is based on a binder which contains both molasses and starch. The invention is therefore essentially based on the advantages not yet recognized in the combination of molasses with low starch additions and other additives.
Besonders überraschend ist, daß bei Verwendung von Rohrzuckermelasse und Kartoffelstärke eine weitere Verbesserung der Eigenschaften der kaltbrikettierten Kohle erreicht wird, die die bei Verwendung von z. B. Rübenzuckermelasse und Getreidestärke erreichten Werte noch übertreffen.It is particularly surprising that when using cane sugar molasses and potato starch, a further improvement in the properties of the cold-briquetted coal is achieved, which the when using z. B. Beet sugar molasses and cereal starch still exceeded values.
Als anorganische Härter lassen sich Eisenchlorid, Kalziumkarbonat, Kaliumphosphat, Natriumtripolyphosphat, vorzugsweise jedoch Phosphorsäure einsetzen.Iron chloride, calcium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, but preferably phosphoric acid, can be used as the inorganic hardener.
Keiner dieser Zusatzstoffe erzeugt nachteilige, problematisch zu entsorgende Rückstände bzw. Aschebestandteile und führt auch nicht zu schädlichen Rauchgasbestandteilen.None of these additives creates disadvantageous, problematic residues or ash components and does not lead to harmful flue gas components.
Die Wirkung der Stärke ist besonders ausgeprägt bei Verwendung von nativer und/oder modifizierter Kartoffelstärke, die ggf. mit Dampf aufgeschlossen sein kann. Die Modifizierung kann durch Zusätze oder chemische Behandlung durchgeführt werden.The effect of the starch is particularly pronounced when using native and / or modified potato starch, which may can be digested with steam. The modification can be carried out by additives or chemical treatment.
Die kaltbrikettierte grüne Kohle kann einen Trockensubstanzanteil vorzugsweise 8 % Melasse, vorzugsweise 0,4 % Stärke, vorzugsweise 1,1 % Phosphorsäure, Rest Feinkohle enthalten. Durch minimale Zusätze in der Größenordnung von 0,05 bis 1 Gewichts-% von Polyvinylalkohol (PVA) und/oder von Silikonharzemulsion läßt sich zusätzlich die Wasserbeständigkeit deutlich verbessern, während sich durch ebenso minimale Zusätze von anorganischen Leichtmetallverbindungen die Lagerbeständigkeit erhöhen läßt.The cold-briquetted green coal can contain a dry substance, preferably 8% molasses, preferably 0.4% starch, preferably 1.1% phosphoric acid, the rest of fine coal. By minimal Additions of the order of 0.05 to 1% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and / or of silicone resin emulsion can additionally significantly improve the water resistance, while the shelf life can also be increased by additions of inorganic light metal compounds which are also minimal.
Der geringe Anteil an Stärke, der nur ca. 1/20 des Melasseanteils beträgt, fällt kostenmäßig nicht nachteilig ins Gewicht, bewirkt jedoch eine erhebliche Verbesserung der Grünstandfestigkeit. Die erforderliche Feuerstandfestigkeit ergibt sich aus dem Melasse- und Phosphorsäureanteil nach einem Erhitzen der grünen, kaltbrikettierten Kohle während mindestens 30 Minuten auf ca. 270° C. Bei dieser Temperatur bildet sich aus der Stärke und der Melasse in Verbindung mit der Phosphorsäure ein Gerüst, das die Kohleteilchen bei der Verwendung der brikettierten Kohle, d. h. bei der Verbrennung zur Wärmegewinnung, zusammenhält.The low proportion of starch, which is only approx. 1/20 of the molasses proportion, is not disadvantageous in terms of cost, but does bring about a significant improvement in green stability. The required fire stability results from the molasses and phosphoric acid content after heating the green, cold-briquetted coal for at least 30 minutes to approx. 270 ° C. At this temperature, the starch and the molasses in combination with the phosphoric acid form a framework that the coal particles when using the briquetted coal, d. H. during combustion to generate heat.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten, schematischen Verfahrensfließbilds der Bindemittelaufbereitung und -dosierung des näheren beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to a schematic process flow diagram of the binder preparation and metering shown in the drawing.
Kartoffelstärke wird als Pulver mit 20 % Wassergehalt angeliefert. Es handelt sich vorzugsweise um native Stärke bzw. modifizierte warmquellende Stärke. Die Stärke wird mit Wasser gemischt, so daß eine Suspension mit ca. 20 % Trockensubstanz entsteht. Diese Suspension wird mit Dampf in einem Dampfkocher (Jet Cooker) aufbereitet und verläßt den Dampfkocher als zähflüssige Flüssigkeit, die mit der Rohrzuckermelasse und der Phosphorsäure intensiv vermischt wird. Durch die minimale Zugabe von Polyvinylalkohol (PVA) oder Silikonharzemulsion in der Größenordnung von 0,05 bis 1 Gewichts-% läßt sich eine deutliche Verbesserung der Wasserbeständigkeit erreichen, während eine ebenso minimale Zugabe einer anorganischen Leichtmetallverbindung die Lagerbeständigkeit erhöht. Die Melasse enthält 30 % Wasser. Feinkohle mit einer Temperatur von ca. 125° C und einem Wassergehalt von ca. 0,5 % wird mit den Bindemitteln in einem Gegenstrommischer gemischt und anschließend auf einen Wassergehalt von 4 % ausgedampft. Das Gemisch gelangt bei einer Temperatur von etwa 50° C in eine Doppelwalzenpresse, von wo die grünen Briketts in eine Härteanlage gelangen und dort während mindestens 30 Minuten und bei Temperaturen bis zu 270° C gehärtet werden.Potato starch is delivered as a powder with 20% water content. It is preferably native starch or modified warm-swelling starch. The starch is mixed with water so that a suspension with about 20% dry matter is formed. This suspension is steamed in a steam cooker (Jet Cooker) processed and leaves the steam cooker as a viscous liquid that is mixed intensively with the cane sugar molasses and phosphoric acid. The minimal addition of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or silicone resin emulsion in the order of magnitude of 0.05 to 1% by weight can achieve a significant improvement in water resistance, while an equally minimal addition of an inorganic light metal compound increases the shelf life. The molasses contains 30% water. Fine coal with a temperature of approx. 125 ° C and a water content of approx. 0.5% is mixed with the binders in a countercurrent mixer and then evaporated to a water content of 4%. The mixture enters a double roller press at a temperature of around 50 ° C, from where the green briquettes go to a hardening plant, where they are hardened for at least 30 minutes and at temperatures up to 270 ° C.
Die kaltbrikettierte und grüne gehärtete Kohle weist einen Trockensubstanzanteil von etwa 8 % Rohrzuckermelasse, etwa 0,4 % Kartoffelstärke, etwa 1,1 % Phosphorsäure, Rest Feinkohle auf.The cold briquetted and green hardened coal has a dry matter content of about 8% cane sugar molasses, about 0.4% potato starch, about 1.1% phosphoric acid, the rest of fine coal.
Vergleichsversuche ergaben die aus der nachstehenden Tabelle ersichtlichen Werte für die Grünstandfestigkeit, die Trommelfestigkeit und die Kosten.
Wie die Tabelle zeigt, ergibt die Bindemittelkombination aus Zuckerrohrmelasse und Kartoffelstärke die beste Trommel festigkeit bei gleichzeitig ausreichender Grünstandfestigkeit und geringsten Kosten. Zwar ist die Grünstandfestigkeit bei Verwendung von Stärke allein am höchsten, jedoch ergeben sich dann auch die höchsten Kosten.As the table shows, the binder combination of sugar cane molasses and potato starch gives the best drum strength with sufficient green stability and the lowest costs. The green stability is highest when starch is used alone, but this also results in the highest costs.
Claims (10)
- Cold briquetted and thermally post treated coal, preferably comprising low volatility, low sulphur fine coal, such as anthracite, including an aqueous bonding agent containing molasses and a proportion of starch and an inorganic setting agent, characterised in that the dry material component includes 6 to 15% molasses and 0.2 to 1.2% starch.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in claim 1, characterised by the use of cane sugar molasses and potato starch.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised by the use of phosphoric acid as the setting agent.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised by the use of native potato starch.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterised by the use of modified potato starch.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterised by the use of starch hydrolysed by steam.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterised by a dry material component of 0.5 to 1.5% phosphoric acid.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised by a dry material component of about 8% molasses, about 0.4% starch, about 1.1% phosphoric acid, remainder fine coal.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterised by minimal additions of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) or minimal additions of silicone resin emulsion in the order of 0.05 to 1% by weight for significantly improving the water resistance.
- Cold briquetted coal as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterised by minimal additions of an inorganic light metal compound in the order of 0.05 to 1% by weight to increase the storage life.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4212452A DE4212452C2 (en) | 1992-04-14 | 1992-04-14 | Cold briquetted coal |
| DE4212452 | 1992-04-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0566034A1 EP0566034A1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
| EP0566034B1 true EP0566034B1 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93105841A Expired - Lifetime EP0566034B1 (en) | 1992-04-14 | 1993-04-08 | Cold briquetted coal |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0566034B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE148916T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4212452C2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2711994B1 (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 1996-01-26 | Sivia | Method for manufacturing a combustible weather-resistant chipboard, fuel chipboard and intermediate chipboard thus obtained. |
| KR101709206B1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-02-22 | 주식회사 포스코 | Coal briquettes and method for manufacturing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1072588B (en) * | 1955-01-13 | 1960-01-07 | ||
| DE466035C (en) * | 1925-03-11 | 1928-09-28 | Knut Henning Robert Tillberg | Process for the production of briquettes from powdered fuels |
| DE657930C (en) * | 1934-10-14 | 1938-03-17 | Johanna Petersen Geb Wichulla | A binding agent consisting of a resin solution |
| DE3335242A1 (en) * | 1983-09-29 | 1985-04-18 | Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen | COAL OR COCK BRIQUETTES AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
| GB8606332D0 (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1986-04-23 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Coal briquetting process |
| DE3623325C2 (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1996-07-25 | Ruhrkohle Ag | Process for the production of coal or coke briquettes |
| GB8707223D0 (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1987-04-29 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Coal briquetting process |
| GB8721757D0 (en) * | 1987-09-16 | 1987-10-21 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Coal briquetting process |
| GB8725252D0 (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1987-12-02 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Briquetting process |
| FR2625749B1 (en) * | 1988-01-11 | 1992-03-27 | Roquette Freres | WATER RESISTANT COMBUSTIBLE AGGLOMERATE, PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND COMPOSITION OF MATERIALS USED IN THIS PROCESS |
| DE3821950A1 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-04 | Bp Benzin Und Petroleum Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATERPROOF CARBON FORMS |
| GB2223505B (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1992-02-19 | Coal Ind | Briquetting process |
| GB2227024B (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1992-08-19 | Coal Ind | Coal briquetting process |
| GB2227023A (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1990-07-18 | Coal Ind | Briquetting process |
| DE4023115C2 (en) * | 1990-07-20 | 1993-12-02 | Possehl Erzkontor Gmbh | Process for lumping carbonaceous fine material |
-
1992
- 1992-04-14 DE DE4212452A patent/DE4212452C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-04-08 AT AT93105841T patent/ATE148916T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-04-08 EP EP93105841A patent/EP0566034B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-08 DE DE59305426T patent/DE59305426D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59305426D1 (en) | 1997-03-27 |
| DE4212452A1 (en) | 1993-10-21 |
| DE4212452C2 (en) | 1995-02-09 |
| ATE148916T1 (en) | 1997-02-15 |
| EP0566034A1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
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