EP0565935A1 - Gleichstrom-Gasgenerator - Google Patents

Gleichstrom-Gasgenerator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0565935A1
EP0565935A1 EP93105118A EP93105118A EP0565935A1 EP 0565935 A1 EP0565935 A1 EP 0565935A1 EP 93105118 A EP93105118 A EP 93105118A EP 93105118 A EP93105118 A EP 93105118A EP 0565935 A1 EP0565935 A1 EP 0565935A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hearth
chamber
gas generator
helical screw
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93105118A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0565935B1 (de
Inventor
Léon Ing. Jaccard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PORETTI-GAGGINI SA
Original Assignee
PORETTI-GAGGINI SA
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Publication of EP0565935A1 publication Critical patent/EP0565935A1/de
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Publication of EP0565935B1 publication Critical patent/EP0565935B1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a co - current gasifier, as described in claim 1.
  • a gasifier having the characteristics described in the prologue of claim 1 of the present invention , in which is mentioned a helical screw which, in its axial part, consists of a central tube through which the material to be gasified is brought, from the top to the hearth where the helical screw rotates during the operation of the gasifier so as transport the material from the bottom, that is to say from the place of the hearth, to the top, where the tube has an opening through which it can enter inside the tube, both the fresh gasifier material and the material which has already passed through the hearth area and transported upwards by the helical screw.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to eliminate the drawbacks of the co-current gasifier of the State of the technique and in particular to propose a construction of gasifier in which all the material to be gasified is forced to pass for a perfectly controllable time through a combustion zone subjected to a minimum temperature and in addition in which it is not necessary to provide a grate device for ash removal.
  • a gasifier having the characteristics of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the hearth is constituted by the extension of the annular chamber and that the primary combustion air is led to the annular hearth both on the outside and on the inside of said hearth, the material is forced to pass through a combustion zone in the form of a crown which, being supplied on both sides with oxygen from the primary air, can extend over the entire section of said annular zone. It is therefore not possible to form "dead" zones or spots, precisely zones in which the supply of primary air is insufficient to ensure the complete combustion of the passage material, as was the case on the other hand with the subject state of the art gasifier
  • the gasifier according to the invention can freely choose the parameters determining the time of passage of the material through the primary combustion zone, or hearth of the gasifier - parameters which are among them two, more precisely the axial propagation of the zone of the hearth and the speed of rotation of the helical screw, which determines the displacement of the equipment - it is possible to guarantee a minimum time for equipment to stay in the hot zone of the fireplace.
  • the axial length of the gasifier zone in which the primary air intake holes are provided both inside and outside the said hearth.
  • the material to be gasified remains for a minimum period of time in the zone of the hearth, where prevails a temperature of 1000 ° C to 1400 ° C. It is recognized by experts that if this is the case, there is no danger of the formation of fearsome tars, that of toxic gases such as dioxins, gases which can be formed mainly during the combustion of waste materials capitaous contaminated by glues or various kinds of paints. Such a danger is particularly to be feared when the gasifier or the direct combustion boiler is supplied with building demolition equipment or with waste from the manufacture of modern furniture. It is precisely for this type of application that the gasifier proposed here has the greatest advantages.
  • Another non-negligible advantage of the gasifier according to the present invention lies in the absence of a grid for separating the ash produced. Thanks to the fact that the hearth is located in the upper part of the helical material supply screw, the very fine ash that forms - consisting of non-combustible particles of mainly mineral nature - is driven upwards with the material and end up - because of their lightness - being carried upwards by the gas flow, in the final combustion chamber. It is clear that such fine particles of ash must then, depending on the use to be made of the gas and also taking into account the legal requirements concerning the maximum concentrations of dust contained in the combustion gases of such an installation, be properly disposed of. .
  • This subsequent purification operation of the gases extracted from the installation which can be done by the use of cyclonic or electrostatic filters, constitutes a current measurement in all combustion installations of the type of the invention, mainly in those whose purpose is to burn contaminated materials as in this case, hence the need to provide such a filter does not involve any constraint or additional costs compared to a current installation.
  • the possibility of giving up as is the case in the present invention, the use of a grid arranged under the hearth, certainly represents an appreciable advantage.
  • the embodiment according to claim 2 which provides for the use of an axis of the hollow helical screw to bring from its interior the primary air part intended for the hearth, has the advantage of having an air distribution. very simple and in addition to guarantee the continuous cooling of the rolling bearings on which the helical screw turns, so as to make superfluous any other measure tending to avoid the transmission by heat conduction along the axis of the helical screw until it is fixed.
  • the preferred embodiment according to claim 3 constitutes an extremely simple embodiment for the return of the material, which also allows recycling to be carried out without using other mobile elements, since the material is recirculated by gravity and by Furthermore, thanks to the fact that the return chamber is coaxial with the gasification chamber and the transport chamber, to obtain a particularly compact construction of the gas generator according to the invention.
  • the preferred embodiment according to claim 4 is an optimal solution to the problem of mixing "recycled" material from the top and fresh material from the buffer silo. Indeed, thanks to the presence of a second helical screw coaxial with the helical screw of previous transport, but separated from the latter by an area of the axis without helical screw, and to the fact that in this area a device works. '' supply of fresh material, we manage to optimally solve the problem of supplying material without compacting said material and above all by avoiding the danger, always present in the event of supply of granular material, only of material could get caught between the helical screw and the wall, blocking the installation.
  • Claim 5 relates to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device for supplying fresh material, usable in the embodiment of the gasifier according to the characteristics of claim 4.
  • the supply device is a simple arm rotating around from an axis parallel to the axis of the helical screw: this is a very simple solution with proven practical effectiveness.
  • the buffer silo is arranged essentially coaxially with the axis of the helical screw, respectively with the axis of the gas generator, so as to close the gas generator all along its peripheral surface.
  • the preferred embodiment of claim 7 constitutes an optimum complement to claim 6, because it allows the adaptation of a rotating transport arm fixed integrally to the axis of the coaxial helical screws. Thanks to this, it is possible to dispense with providing a separate mobile device for the said transport arm, which constitutes a non-negligible simplification, taking into account that in a gasifier it is advantageous to reduce the number of moving elements to the strict minimum.
  • Claim 8 relates to a further improvement of the mixing chamber because, thanks to the presence of a second rotating arm which licks the bottom of the mixing chamber, obtains on the one hand a better mixture of the constituents of the fresh and "recycled” materials and on the other hand a safer transport of the material upwards by the helical screw, because the second arm carries the material from the periphery of the chamber mixing towards the said helical screw.
  • Claim 9 relates to a preferred form of the invention which provides a particularly simple and effective system for blowing primary air from the outside to the inside of the annular hearth.
  • Claim 10 introduces a further improvement to the solution of claim 9, which improvement provides that the primary supply air enters the annular channel outside the hearth in a tangential direction, so as to produce in said channel a turbulence d 'air.
  • the purpose of this measurement is to improve the regularity of the primary air supply over the entire length of the external circumference of the hearth, thus avoiding the formation of preferential combustion channels which could be created opposite the insufflation points d primary air where supply is greatest. It is precisely one of the major concerns of the present invention to obtain "the most symmetrical" combustion possible, this expression highlighting the efforts undertaken to avoid the formation of preferred combustion zones as a result of an asymmetry in the distribution of primary air.
  • Claim 11 relates to a preferred form of the invention characterized in that the problem of igniting the gasifier is advantageously achieved by sending hot air under pressure into the hearth of the gasifier.
  • Claim 12 finally relates to a preferred configuration of the upper part of the gasifier, more precisely of the part situated above the gasification chamber.
  • a reduction chamber closed in its upper part by a grid for homogenizing the gas flow.
  • fresh material means woody material that is shredded in a timely manner so that it can be conveyed in a gasifier.
  • such material which can come directly from the forest as fuel wood as from the demolition of buildings or waste from the manufacture of furniture, etc., has geometric dimensions which determine its particle size, which range from a few centimeters (about 5 cm) to a few millimeters. This material is symbolically represented, in the attached Figures, by small circles. Charcoal, obtained by transformation of lignite in the gasification chamber, is represented graphically in the Figures by commas.
  • this material enters the circuit and mixes with the fresh material: for this reason, this is indicated under the name of "recycled” material, implying in this definition the fact that the material is returned to the combustion circuit inside the gasifier.
  • the expression “recycled” therefore has no other meaning in this description than that indicated above. In particular, it does not relate to any recycling operations which could take place outside said gasifier.
  • the buffer silo 1 is equipped with detectors, not shown, which control the valve 3 so as to maintain constant, within selected tolerance limits, the level of the material 2 inside said buffer silo.
  • the buffer silo 1 is connected to a transport chamber 5 of annular shape.
  • the transport chamber 5 is delimited externally by a wall 6 essentially cylindrical inside of which rotates a helical screw 7 consisting of a central shaft 8 and a sheet metal core 9 wound in the form of a spiral around the shaft 8.
  • the shaft 8 of the helical screw 7 is supported by two rotary bearings 10 and 11 fixed in the housing fitted in part 12 which forms the base of the gasifier.
  • the shaft 8 is actuated in slow rotation by means of the geared motor 13 and an adequate transmission system, for example pulleys 14 and 15 and a belt 16, as illustrated in FIG. 1. It is understood that any other rotary drive device of the shaft 8 can be used.
  • the transport chamber 5 is delimited externally by the cylindrical wall 6 and internally by the shaft 8 of the helical screw 7: which is essentially an annular chamber inside which chamber the material to be treated is pushed from the bottom to the top, as will be described in more detail later.
  • the upper part of the cylindrical wall 6 has, along an area indicated by I, a series of holes 17 through which an air flow, relating only to part of the primary combustion air according to the invention, passes from the outside of the wall 6 towards the inside, as indicated by the arrow f.
  • the air flow indicated by f is therefore an essentially radial air flow directed towards the inside of the cylindrical wall 6.
  • Preferred examples of such air blowing will in any case be described and will be the subject of claims dependent on the invention.
  • a second air flow is directed, which constitutes a part of the invention, according to arrow F and through holes 19, from the interior towards the outside of the annular transport chamber 5, so that in the zone I designated as the hearth of the gas generator and indicated by the reference number 18, an annular zone is formed, supplied both from the outside according to the arrow f and from the interior according to arrow F, in primary combustion air.
  • the specific manner in which the second part of primary air is supplied to the hearth 18 from the inside is not decisive for this invention: to which a preferred form of solution will however be described and will be the subject of a claim subject to the invention.
  • a hearth 18 along the zone I of annular shape and supplied with primary combustion air both from the outside, according to arrow f, and from the inside, according to arrow F is a essential objects of the present invention. Thanks to this clever system, in fact, as will be described more explicitly below, the material to be gasified is forced to pass through a hearth 18 of absolutely well defined section and shape, in which, following the insufflation primary air simultaneously on both sides, "partial" combustion zones cannot form and inside which the temperature would be lower than that of the remaining zones of the hearth.
  • the annular zone of the hearth 18 can in fact be chosen, in its dimensions (diameter and length in the axial direction), so that, everywhere inside this said zone and taking into account the necessary primary air flow , the combustion conditions are absolutely homogeneous. This condition is very important for the good operation of a gasifier, in particular when it comes to treating "contaminated" woody materials, for which it is required, in order to avoid any formation of harmful substances such as dioxins, that all the material be forced to pass through an area brought to a given minimum temperature (for example> 1200 ° C) for a minimum determined time.
  • a given minimum temperature for example> 1200 ° C
  • the shaft of the helical screw 7, which in a preferred form of the invention is perforated with holes 19 from which the second part of the primary air comes out, can - but must not not necessarily - terminate at the top of the hearth 18, so that the definition of "essentially annular" of the gasification chamber 20 is justified, in the sense that said gasification chamber may be annular in its lowest part and simply cylindrical in the highest one. This is not essential in the present invention.
  • the primary air can reach the holes 17 and 19, that is to say that these are connected - the first by the outside of the cylindrical wall 6 and the second by the inside the shaft of the helical screw 8 - to a source of pressurized air.
  • This source can be individual for each series of holes 17 and 19 or on the contrary we can provide a source unique for both sets of holes.
  • the insufflation of the primary air inside the hearth 18 is ensured by the fact that the shaft 8 of the helical screw 7 is hollow and forms a supply pipe of the primary air.
  • the shaft 8 therefore has the form of a tube closed at its upper part by a cover 21. In the vicinity of its upper end closed by the cover, one or more rows of holes 19 are made symmetrically along one or more of several circumference (s) of the wall of the tube.
  • the tube At its lower end, which rotates because it constitutes the shaft of the helical screw, the tube is provided with a coupling 22 with an air supply tube 23 connected to the fan 24.
  • the said tube Thanks to the continuous passage of external air through the tube 8, the said tube, and in particular its rotary bearings, are constantly cooled, thus making any other measure of insulation or braking of the transmission of heat by conduction unnecessary. the wall of said tube.
  • Other forms of supplying primary air to the holes 19 are naturally conceivable (for example from the top through the cover 21), but that described previously is the most appropriate.
  • FIG. 1 shows a form of preferred solution, which consists in the fact that the said air is led through the holes 17 made in the wall. essentially cylindrical 6 of the transport chamber 5.
  • the holes 17 are arranged in one or more rows over the entire circumference of said wall 6 and communicate with a channel 25 arranged concentrically around the outer circumference of the wall 6.
  • Channel 25 is additionally connected, by a connecting tube 26, to the source of pressurized air.
  • the tube 26 is connected to the fan 24 which fan provides the primary air used to supply the hearth 18 from the interior of its annular zone.
  • the operation of the gasifier described above is as follows: The fresh material to be burned - for its gasification - descends from the buffer silo 1 and arrives in the lower part of the helical screw 7 after having passed through the lower part 4 of the buffer silo 1.
  • the adjustment of the quantity of material transported by the helical screw 7, that is to say the adjustment of the speed of rotation of the said helical screw, allows, taking into account the dimensions of the gasifier and in particular the axial length I of the zone of the hearth 18 and of the primary combustion air flow blown into the hearth, to adequately adapt the degree of transformation of the wood into charcoal. Indeed in the zone which follows the hearth 18, namely in the gasification chamber proper 20, the carbon dioxide must pass through a layer of charcoal and by combination with this said charcoal, to form the monoxide of carbon, which is the gas that we seek to produce and which can produce heat during secondary combustion in a combustion chamber (not shown) as well as as fuel for internal combustion engines (not shown).
  • the materials of the second and third types mentioned above are however constrained to pass over the edge 27 and to fall, the said recycled material, into a return chamber 28 which externally surrounds the cylindrical part 6 of the transport chamber 5
  • the return chamber 28 communicates at its lower part with the lower part 4 of the buffer silo 1, so that the material - which we will henceforth call recycled - mixes at this meeting point with the fresh material 2 coming from the buffer silo 1 .
  • this feature has a very important advantage with regard to the adjustment of the power of the device. Indeed to vary the calorific power provided by the gasifier, that is to say the amount of carbon monoxide produced, it is necessary and sufficient to vary the quantity of primary air sent to the hearth 18, which, in the example of FIG. 1, corresponds to varying the speed of rotation of the fan 24. In fact if the quantity of fresh material brought in by the helical screw is always sufficient, more precisely if it is always greater than the quantity of combustible material corresponding to the maximum power provided of the gasifier, the quantity of gas produced depends directly and solely on the quantity of primary air brought to the hearth 18.
  • Fig. 2 shows a variant of the gasifier which is the subject of the invention, which variant aims to improve the mixing of fresh and recycled materials and to increase the operational safety of the device, by eliminating all danger of settling in the mixing chamber or blocking of the helical screw.
  • FIG. 2 The parts of the apparatus of FIG. 2 corresponding to those of the apparatus of FIG. 1 are indicated, in FIG. 2, with the same reference numbers.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 by the fact that the return chamber 28 consists at its lower part of an annular opening 29 below which is disposed a mixing chamber 30 of the fresh material and of the "recycled" material of essentially annular shape, in which turns a second helical screw 31 having essentially the same dimensions as those of the helical screw 7 for transporting the material to the hearth 18.
  • the second helical screw 31 and the helical screw 7 for transport have a common axis 8 and are separated one on the other by a zone m of the axis 8 without helical screw, at the height of which zone a feed device 32 pushes the fresh material from the lower part 4 of the buffer silo 1 towards the mixing chamber 30.
  • the material supply device 32 is an arm 32 rotating around an axis 33 parallel to the axis 8 of the helical screw 7 licking, in its rotation, the horizontal bottom wall 34 of the buffer silo 1. In this way, the feed device 32 pushes the fresh material towards the mixing chamber 30, where the said fresh material comes mixed with the recycled material which has protruded from the end 27 of the gasification chamber 20 and which falls along the return chamber 28.
  • the shaft 33 of the rotating feed device 32 is driven by means of a pulley 36 which is itself driven by the belt 16 which also drives the shaft 8 of the helical screws 7 and 31.
  • the arm 32 representing the said supply device is only one, although preferred, among the many existing possibilities for such a device.
  • Another system, the function of which would be equivalent, could be that, not indicated, which would provide a horizontal helical screw placed in the lower part of the buffer silo 1 and ending in the zone m free of helical screw.
  • a supply device 32 must on the one hand facilitate the feeding of the fresh material to the mixing chamber 30 and on the other hand prevent the material from becoming embedded between the edge of the helical screw 7 and the lower edge of the cylindrical wall 6, danger always possible when using a helical screw.
  • the supply device 32 must therefore be executed in such a way as to "clean" the said edge from time to time. lower and thus remove the pieces of wood or charcoal that could have got caught in it.
  • Fig. 3 represents a sectioned view along the axis I - I of FIG. 2 which illustrates another preferred variant of a gasifier of the present invention.
  • connection of the channel 25, which conducts the primary air from the outside to the hearth, through the crown of the holes 17, with the source of air under pressure is made by means of one or more several, in the present case for example of three supply tubes 26 ', 26' ', and 26' '' which open tangentially into the channel 25. Thanks to these arrangements, turbulence is created inside the channel 25 of air which gives the best guarantees of obtaining a regular distribution of the primary air over the entire circumference of the cylindrical part 6 of the channel 25. Such regularity of the supply of primary air along the entire circumference of the hearth 18 is of capital importance by guaranteeing an absolute homogeneity of the combustion conditions in the hearth 18, thus avoiding any formation of zones at lower temperature.
  • connection tubes 26 ', 26' 'and 26' '' in at least one of the connection tubes 26 ', 26' 'and 26' '' (in the case shown 26 '' ') is inserted an electrical resistor 36 the purpose of which is to heat the air which passes through it to ignite gasifier material when the gas generator is put into operation.
  • the gasifier is therefore ignited automatically as follows: firstly the buffer silo 1 is filled with wood chips or similar material, while the helical screw 7 rotates so that the fresh material at least fills the zone of the hearth 18. At this point the fan 24 is started at the same time as the resistor 36 is energized. The primary air, passing through said resistor 36, heats up with the consequence of rapidly igniting the fresh material which is in the zone of the hearth 18. From this moment begins the formation of carbon dioxide and the transformation lignite in charcoal, which moves - as a result of the continuous supply provided by the helical screw 7 - in the gasification zone. The ignition phase is then completed and the resistance can be put out of service.
  • Fig.4 shows another preferred embodiment of the invention, which allows for a compact construction of the gasifier and especially to reduce the thermal losses of the walls of the device, thereby improving the overall efficiency. Also in this embodiment the same parts of the variants according to Figures 1 and 2 are indicated by the same reference numbers.
  • the buffer silo 1 is arranged essentially coaxially with the axis 8 of the helical screw 7, so as to close the said gasifier around its entire periphery.
  • the buffer silo 1 therefore consists in this case of a cylindrical enclosure with an outer wall 37 closed at its upper part by a cover 38 in the center of which is mounted the supply valve 3.
  • the gasifier proper, contained in the casing 12 cylindrical and which, in the design, corresponds perfectly to that of the two examples described above by FIGS. 1 and 2 are suspended in the cylindrical container 37 by means of the connection tubes 26, as shown in FIG. 3, or also by arms provided specially for this purpose but not shown.
  • the buffer silo 1 of FIG. 3 forms, as shown in an analogous manner in FIG. 2, a mixing chamber 30.
  • the difference between the mixing chamber 30 of FIG. 2 is that that of FIG. 3, thanks to the fact that the buffer silo 1 is in this case perfectly symmetrical, is also perfectly symmetrical, and essentially has a shape of a truncated cone, with circular wall 39 inclined downwards and which is cross-linked so as to facilitate descent fresh material 2 from the buffer silo 1 and recycled material from the return chamber 28.
  • the thermal insulation obtained thanks to the layer of material raw - wood being a remarkable thermal insulator - which fills the space between container 37 and casing 12 - and the preheating of fresh material which thus arrives in the zone of the hearth already preheated for combustion - also includes that of the "automatic symmetry" of the mixture - since the raw material and that recycled meet in this place on the entire circumference of the gas and not only at a lateral point of the connection of the buffer silo 1 with the lower edge of the cylindrical wall 6, as was the case in the openings of Figures 1 and 2 - apart from the simplification of construction.
  • This last advantage is a direct consequence of the perfectly cylindrical construction of the buffer silo 1 and of its centering with the shaft 8 of the helical screw 7.
  • the arm 40 performs its function of supplying member, pushing the raw material which comes from the buffer silo 1 towards the center of the silo, that is to say towards the shaft 8 of the helical screws 7 and 31, there where the said material falls into the mixing chamber 30, to mix with the recycled material coming from the return chamber 28.
  • a further preferred solution of a detail of the invention advantageously adaptable in combination with a mixing chamber 30 as shown in the variants of Figures 2 and 4, provides for a second arm 41 ( Figures 2 and 3) to be fixed on the axis 8 of the helical screw 31, opposite the lower part of the second helical screw 31, which arm 41 licks the bottom 42 of the mixing chamber 30 and thus pushes the material towards the center, where it is taken up by the second helical screw 31 and transported upwards.
  • the function of arm 41 is identical to that of arm 40, that is to say that which consists of conveying - by virtue of its arcuate shape towards the front - the material towards the center of rotation.
  • the upper part of the gasifier constitutes a reduction chamber 43 closed in part upper by a grid 44 for homogenizing the gas pressure.
  • the purpose of this reduction chamber is, with the grid 44, to homogenize the gas produced and to give it the time necessary to reduce the nitrogen oxides present in said gas. Indeed the latter, in the presence of carbon monoxide react with the latter to give carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Thanks to this reaction, it is therefore possible to considerably reduce the level of nitrogen oxide present in the gas, which is greatly favorable for the protection of the environment.
  • connection zone 45 which collects the gas produced and leads it, through a channel 46, to the device provided downstream for the use of the carbon monoxide produced by the gasifier.
  • This gas - combustion in a heat exchanger in anticipation of heating or propulsion of an internal combustion engine or a turbine, etc. - is outside the scope of this invention and is therefore not described here.
  • the cocurrent gasifier according to the present invention is ideal above all for the gasification of polluted wood, thanks to the possibility described previously to perfectly control the times and temperatures of gasification in chamber 20.
  • it is also perfectly suitable as a producer of gas for heating from all types of fuelwood: the only condition is that the material be reduced to a particle size compatible with the dimensions of the device.
EP93105118A 1992-04-10 1993-03-29 Gleichstrom-Gasgenerator Expired - Lifetime EP0565935B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1183/92 1992-04-10
CH1183/92A CH685244A5 (it) 1992-04-10 1992-04-10 Gasogeno ad equicorrente.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0565935A1 true EP0565935A1 (de) 1993-10-20
EP0565935B1 EP0565935B1 (de) 1997-01-22

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EP93105118A Expired - Lifetime EP0565935B1 (de) 1992-04-10 1993-03-29 Gleichstrom-Gasgenerator

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EP (1) EP0565935B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE148156T1 (de)
CH (1) CH685244A5 (de)
DE (1) DE69307572T2 (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999035214A1 (en) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-15 Greenpower Engineering & Technologies S.A. A process and apparatus for treating solid fuel materials
WO2002097015A2 (de) * 2001-05-31 2002-12-05 Bernd Joos Vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines brennbaren gasgemisches
EP1329494A2 (de) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-23 Ryser, Daniele Gleichstromflussgaserzeuger
WO2006021017A1 (de) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 Erwin Schiefer Reaktor zur vergasung von biomasse
DE102008043131A1 (de) * 2008-10-23 2010-04-29 Burkhardt Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermochemischen Vergasen fester Brennstoffe
WO2010095025A3 (en) * 2009-02-20 2011-01-06 Socoges S.R.L. High performance gasifier equipped with an improved combustion chamber and a mixing device
WO2011006789A2 (de) 2009-07-14 2011-01-20 Erwin Schiefer Reaktor und verfahren zur vergasung von biomasse
DE102006059485B4 (de) * 2005-12-15 2012-05-10 Franz Eder Holzvergaser, Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Holzvergasung und Anlage
DE202016102101U1 (de) * 2016-04-21 2017-07-25 Pritscher Holzgas Gmbh Vorrichtung zur thermochemischen Biomassevergasung
IT202100011849A1 (it) * 2021-05-10 2022-11-10 Pyro&Tech Soc A Responsabilita Limitata Semplificata Forno pirolitico per uso domestico con carica del combustibile dal basso

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DE102008021966B8 (de) * 2008-05-02 2011-02-10 Hofmann, Kurt W., Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Festbett-Vergasungsreaktor
DE202008016199U1 (de) 2008-12-06 2009-02-19 Pertl, Johann Sebastian Vorrichtung zum Vergasen kohlenstoffhaltiger Stoffe
DE202012002872U1 (de) * 2012-03-20 2013-06-21 Stadtwerke Rosenheim Gmbh & Co. Kg Biomassevergaser

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DE557986C (de) * 1929-07-30 1932-08-31 William Brewster Chapman Generatorfeuerung
US4348211A (en) * 1981-02-06 1982-09-07 Zimmerman Edwin H Gas generating system
DE3509263A1 (de) * 1985-03-12 1986-10-16 Silica Gel GmbH Adsorptions-Technik, Apparatebau, 1000 Berlin Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der brennstoffzufuhr eines unterschubvergasers
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WO1990007085A1 (en) * 1988-12-16 1990-06-28 Gunn Robert D Counterflow mild gasification process and apparatus
EP0395619A1 (de) * 1989-04-25 1990-10-31 COCKERILL MECHANICAL INDUSTRIES Société Anonyme Verfahren zur Behandlung und Verwendung von Pyrolyse- und Verbrennungsprodukten eines Vergasers und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Cited By (15)

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AU739245B2 (en) * 1998-01-09 2001-10-04 Greenpower Engineering & Technologies S.A. A process and apparatus for treating solid fuel materials
WO1999035214A1 (en) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-15 Greenpower Engineering & Technologies S.A. A process and apparatus for treating solid fuel materials
US6786943B1 (en) 1998-01-09 2004-09-07 Greenpower Engineering & Technologies S.A. Process and apparatus for treating solid fuel materials
WO2002097015A3 (de) * 2001-05-31 2004-05-06 Bernd Joos Vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines brennbaren gasgemisches
WO2002097015A2 (de) * 2001-05-31 2002-12-05 Bernd Joos Vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines brennbaren gasgemisches
EP1329494A2 (de) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-23 Ryser, Daniele Gleichstromflussgaserzeuger
EP1329494A3 (de) * 2002-01-18 2004-03-17 Ryser, Daniele Gleichstromflussgaserzeuger
WO2006021017A1 (de) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 Erwin Schiefer Reaktor zur vergasung von biomasse
DE102006059485B4 (de) * 2005-12-15 2012-05-10 Franz Eder Holzvergaser, Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Holzvergasung und Anlage
DE102008043131A1 (de) * 2008-10-23 2010-04-29 Burkhardt Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermochemischen Vergasen fester Brennstoffe
DE102008043131B4 (de) * 2008-10-23 2012-09-20 Burkhardt Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermochemischen Vergasen fester Brennstoffe
WO2010095025A3 (en) * 2009-02-20 2011-01-06 Socoges S.R.L. High performance gasifier equipped with an improved combustion chamber and a mixing device
WO2011006789A2 (de) 2009-07-14 2011-01-20 Erwin Schiefer Reaktor und verfahren zur vergasung von biomasse
DE202016102101U1 (de) * 2016-04-21 2017-07-25 Pritscher Holzgas Gmbh Vorrichtung zur thermochemischen Biomassevergasung
IT202100011849A1 (it) * 2021-05-10 2022-11-10 Pyro&Tech Soc A Responsabilita Limitata Semplificata Forno pirolitico per uso domestico con carica del combustibile dal basso

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DE69307572T2 (de) 1997-06-19
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DE69307572D1 (de) 1997-03-06
CH685244A5 (it) 1995-05-15

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