EP0565481A1 - Dispositif de détection d'étiquettes - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection d'étiquettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0565481A1
EP0565481A1 EP93810137A EP93810137A EP0565481A1 EP 0565481 A1 EP0565481 A1 EP 0565481A1 EP 93810137 A EP93810137 A EP 93810137A EP 93810137 A EP93810137 A EP 93810137A EP 0565481 A1 EP0565481 A1 EP 0565481A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
receiver
signal
background
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93810137A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0565481B1 (fr
Inventor
Burckart Kind
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Actron Entwicklungs AG
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Actron Entwicklungs AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Actron Entwicklungs AG filed Critical Actron Entwicklungs AG
Publication of EP0565481A1 publication Critical patent/EP0565481A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0565481B1 publication Critical patent/EP0565481B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2465—Aspects related to the EAS system, e.g. system components other than tags
    • G08B13/2468—Antenna in system and the related signal processing
    • G08B13/2471—Antenna signal processing by receiver or emitter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2465—Aspects related to the EAS system, e.g. system components other than tags
    • G08B13/2488—Timing issues, e.g. synchronising measures to avoid signal collision, with multiple emitters or a single emitter and receiver

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the detection of labels which are used for theft protection of goods and are provided with an electrical resonance circuit with a resonance frequency (f R ) in the MHz range, the device comprising a transmitter and a receiver, of which the transmitter a transmission signal sequence is generated and emitted via a transmission antenna, the frequency of which is wobbled in wobble cycles over the predetermined resonance frequency of the labels and the presence of a label in the area between the transmitting and the receiving antenna is detected in the receiver by evaluating signals received via a receiving antenna becomes.
  • f R resonance frequency
  • Devices of this type are known in several versions and in use. Common to all devices is the problem of discriminating the relatively weak label signals from the interference background which is always present and avoiding false alarms. In particular, there are particular difficulties in the form of disturbances which are caused by diffractions and reflections of the high-frequency electromagnetic waves emitted by the transmitting antenna on all possible objects in the vicinity, such as walls or objects. Such disturbances can namely be very similar to the label signals sought, in which case they cannot be easily eliminated by filtering.
  • the present invention takes a different approach to solving the same problem in which there is no need for intermittent transmission and reception.
  • the transmission signal sequence in the transmitter is generated digitally and with a corresponding phase position with respect to each wobble cycle.
  • the signals received by means of the receiving antenna are sampled and digitized synchronously in the receiver with the signal generation in the transmitter.
  • a background is formed from the digitized signal values of n wobble cycles. This is subtracted from the digitized signal values of the last wobble cycle or from a foreground which is formed like the background, but only using the digitized signal values of the last m wobble cycles.
  • the number n is considerably larger (preferably by one to two orders of magnitude) than the number m.
  • the disturbances critical for label discrimination are practically stationary in comparison to the label signals, i.e. always appear in the same way in a large number of successive wobble cycles. This is actually the case as far as the disturbances caused by the aforementioned diffractions and reflections are concerned, but only if exactly the same signal sequence with exactly the same phase position is emitted via the transmitting antenna in each wobble cycle.
  • the label signals are subject to a temporal change with regard to their occurrence, if only because the labels are inevitably moved when they pass through the antenna arrangement.
  • the signal sequence emitted via the transmitting antenna is generated digitally in the transmitter.
  • the very critical phase condition can be met relatively simply and with sufficient precision.
  • the sampling in the receiver is carried out synchronously with the signal generation in the transmitter.
  • Fig. 1 only the device components essential for understanding the inventive idea are shown. As far as in Fig. 1 it concerns multi-bit data connections (e.g. with 16 bits), these are drawn widely. In Fig. 2, the actually very high-frequency processes are shown at low frequency for graphic reasons.
  • the clock generator generates a clock signal sequence with a clock frequency of approximately 48 MHz. This is therefore several times higher than the resonance frequency of the resonance circuits on the labels to be detected, which is usually predetermined at about 8.2 MHz, or that of the signal sequence to be generated by the transmitter 1 for this purpose.
  • the clock signal is reduced in transmitter 1 in a frequency reducer 4 (e.g. by a factor of 9) and then fed to a modulo-m counter 5. At its data output, this supplies the numbers from 0 to m as input variables for a downstream function generator 6 in the sequence of the reduced clock rate.
  • the wobble cycles are determined by the cycle of the modulo-m counter 5. Their frequency is usually chosen between 80 and 85 Hz.
  • the function generator 6 is preferably a PROM (with a storage capacity of e.g. 1 megabyte), in which a function table is stored.
  • the stored function values correspond to the phase angle increment ⁇ for the signal sequence to be generated digitally in the transmitter 1.
  • the phase angle increment as a function of time t is shown schematically under a). Because of its discrete generation, the temporal course of the phase angle increment is step-shaped, the function value changing in the rhythm of the step-down clock. This is shown in FIG. 2 a) only on the left at the beginning of the time scale, whereas the stair curve is extended continuously at longer times to make the course of the function easier to recognize.
  • the course of the function is sinusoidal around a phase angle increment value Au, and not, as is usually the case with wobbling, selected as a sawtooth.
  • the sinusoidal function curve advantageously results in fewer harmonics.
  • phase angle increment values supplied by the function generator 6 are in the rhythm of those supplied directly by the clock generator, i.e. clock signal, which is not reduced, is accumulated by binary addition in order to form the values for the phase angle a therefrom.
  • the phase angle values a are fed as input variables to a further function generator 8.
  • the value is automatically limited by the predetermined number of bits of the accumulator 7.
  • the further function generator delivers a fixed amplitude value of the signal sequence to be generated for each phase angle value.
  • the amplitude values of the signal sequence to be generated in turn correspond to values of the sine function.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 9 is used to convert the signal values supplied by the further function generator 8 into an analog voltage signal. Its output signal is smoothed by means of the low-pass filter 10 before it is fed to the transmission antenna 11 as a transmission signal.
  • 2 shows under b) on the left at the beginning of the time scale the discrete voltage values supplied by the digital-to-analog converter 9 and, extended over the entire time scale shown, the transmission signal curve resulting after the filtering by means of the low-pass filter 10. 2 b) clearly shows how the frequency of this curve increases or decreases over the wobble cycle shown in FIG. 2 a) (usually about +/- 10%).
  • the signal sequence received via the receiving antenna is first demodulated by combining it with the pure, i.e. undisturbed transmission signal is multiplied.
  • the transmission signal must be transmitted from the transmitter 1 not only by air but also directly to the receiver 2 via a line connection.
  • the demodulation in the mixer 13 using the pure, undisturbed transmission signal instead of the otherwise usually customary demodulation by multiplying the interference-affected reception signal by itself contributes significantly to the interference reduction.
  • a background is formed in the background generator 16 from the digitized signal values of the n (e.g. 800) wobble cycles preceding the respective last wobble cycle and subtracted in the difference generator 17 from the digitized signal values of the respective last wobble cycle.
  • n e.g. 800
  • m e.g. 16
  • wobble cycles are combined to form a "foreground” and the background is then formed from n '(e.g. 50) such "foregrounds”.
  • the background is then correspondingly not only subtracted from the digitized signal values of the last wobble cycle but from the last "foreground” formed.
  • the background formation and subtraction serves to distinguish interference "S" in the "DC voltage component", which is caused in particular by reflections, diffractions and superimpositions of the transmitted signal and is practically permanently present, from interference "S" caused by a resonance circuit will.
  • background formation in the background former 16 storage means must be provided, in which the digitized signal values determined by scanning can be stored cycle by cycle.
  • the signal values belonging to a wobble cycle each form a data record.
  • the background formation is carried out by adding the signal values determined at the same sampling time within the wobble cycles used for background formation and then dividing the total values obtained by the number of wobble cycles used for background formation, i.e. be standardized to this number.
  • the formation of the “foreground” mentioned is basically done in the same way.
  • the background subtraction in the difference former 17 is also carried out separately with respect to the individual sampling times.
  • the data record that results after the background subtraction is finally fed to an evaluation unit 18, in which it is further evaluated.
  • the evaluation unit can be of a known type and is therefore not further described here.
  • it makes the decision about the presence of a resonance circuit in the area between the transmission antenna 11 and the reception antenna 12.
  • On a line 19 it generates an alarm signal in the event that the presence of a resonance circuit is determined.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Labeling Devices (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
EP93810137A 1992-04-07 1993-02-25 Dispositif de détection d'étiquettes Expired - Lifetime EP0565481B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1132/92 1992-04-07
CH113292 1992-04-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0565481A1 true EP0565481A1 (fr) 1993-10-13
EP0565481B1 EP0565481B1 (fr) 1997-06-11

Family

ID=4203248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93810137A Expired - Lifetime EP0565481B1 (fr) 1992-04-07 1993-02-25 Dispositif de détection d'étiquettes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5349339A (fr)
EP (1) EP0565481B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06103472A (fr)
AT (1) ATE154459T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59306713D1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0700026A1 (fr) 1995-07-25 1996-03-06 Actron Produktion AG Procédé et dispositif de détection à distance de circuits résonnants électriques
EP0706142A2 (fr) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-10 Sensormatic Electronics Corporation Méthode et dispositif de détection d'une étiquette de marquage pour le surveillance électronique d'articles utilisant un traitement de signaux de transformation en vaguelettes
EP0707296A1 (fr) 1994-10-15 1996-04-17 Esselte Meto International GmbH Système de surveillance électronique d'objets
EP0707295A1 (fr) 1994-10-15 1996-04-17 Esselte Meto International GmbH Système de surveillance électronique d'objets
NL9500397A (nl) * 1995-03-01 1996-10-01 Nedap Nv Artikelbeveiligingssysteem met een pseudo-random generator.
WO1996031855A1 (fr) * 1995-04-07 1996-10-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Systeme de surveillance electronique d'articles a filtrage adaptatif et detection numerique
EP0837432A1 (fr) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-22 Meto International GmbH Dispositif pour surveiller un élément de sécurité dans une zone d'interrogation
DE19644927A1 (de) * 1996-10-29 1998-04-30 Esselte Meto Int Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines elektronischen Sicherungselementes in einer Abfragezone
EP0902932A1 (fr) * 1996-06-06 1999-03-24 Sensormatic Electronics Corporation Systeme de surveillance electronique d'articles a suppression des signaux d'interference
CN112633022A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-09 北京信息科技大学 一种射频标签安检机

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69321182T2 (de) * 1992-02-18 1999-04-08 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo Datenträgersystem
FR2711440B1 (fr) * 1993-10-18 1996-02-02 France Telecom Dispositif à pureté spectrale pour l'échange d'informations à distance entre un objet portatif et une station.
US5537094A (en) * 1995-01-27 1996-07-16 Sensormatic Electronics Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting an EAS marker using a neural network processing device
DE19647905A1 (de) * 1996-11-20 1998-05-28 Meto International Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines elektronischen Sicherungselementes in einer Abfragezone
US5790031A (en) * 1997-01-13 1998-08-04 Trw Inc. Apparatus and method for sensing a rearward facing child seat with error detection
US7877387B2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2011-01-25 Strands, Inc. Systems and methods for promotional media item selection and promotional program unit generation
US7962505B2 (en) * 2005-12-19 2011-06-14 Strands, Inc. User to user recommender
US20090300008A1 (en) * 2008-05-31 2009-12-03 Strands, Inc. Adaptive recommender technology
US8311485B2 (en) * 2010-01-13 2012-11-13 Sensormatic Electronics, LLC Method and system for receiver nulling using coherent transmit signals

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4686517A (en) * 1982-07-21 1987-08-11 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap Field disturbance detection system
WO1991019278A1 (fr) * 1990-05-29 1991-12-12 Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. Systeme de discrimination d'impulsions periodiques

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4531117A (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-07-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Variable frequency RF electronic surveillance system
CA1234892A (fr) * 1984-02-16 1988-04-05 Pierre Taillefer Systeme de detection pour etiquettes anti-vol
US5023598A (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-06-11 Pitney Bowes Inc. Digital signal processor for electronic article gates

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4686517A (en) * 1982-07-21 1987-08-11 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap Field disturbance detection system
WO1991019278A1 (fr) * 1990-05-29 1991-12-12 Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. Systeme de discrimination d'impulsions periodiques

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0706142A2 (fr) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-10 Sensormatic Electronics Corporation Méthode et dispositif de détection d'une étiquette de marquage pour le surveillance électronique d'articles utilisant un traitement de signaux de transformation en vaguelettes
EP0706142A3 (fr) * 1994-09-30 1996-08-07 Sensormatic Electronics Corp Méthode et dispositif de détection d'une étiquette de marquage pour le surveillance électronique d'articles utilisant un traitement de signaux de transformation en vaguelettes
EP0707296A1 (fr) 1994-10-15 1996-04-17 Esselte Meto International GmbH Système de surveillance électronique d'objets
EP0707295A1 (fr) 1994-10-15 1996-04-17 Esselte Meto International GmbH Système de surveillance électronique d'objets
DE4436977A1 (de) * 1994-10-15 1996-04-18 Esselte Meto Int Gmbh Anlage zur elektronischen Artikelüberwachung
DE4436978A1 (de) * 1994-10-15 1996-04-18 Esselte Meto Int Gmbh Anlage zur elektronischen Artikelüberwachung
NL9500397A (nl) * 1995-03-01 1996-10-01 Nedap Nv Artikelbeveiligingssysteem met een pseudo-random generator.
WO1996031855A1 (fr) * 1995-04-07 1996-10-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Systeme de surveillance electronique d'articles a filtrage adaptatif et detection numerique
EP0700026A1 (fr) 1995-07-25 1996-03-06 Actron Produktion AG Procédé et dispositif de détection à distance de circuits résonnants électriques
EP0902932A1 (fr) * 1996-06-06 1999-03-24 Sensormatic Electronics Corporation Systeme de surveillance electronique d'articles a suppression des signaux d'interference
EP0902932A4 (fr) * 1996-06-06 2001-05-02 Sensormatic Electronics Corp Systeme de surveillance electronique d'articles a suppression des signaux d'interference
EP0837432A1 (fr) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-22 Meto International GmbH Dispositif pour surveiller un élément de sécurité dans une zone d'interrogation
US6064296A (en) * 1996-10-18 2000-05-16 Esselte Meto International Gmbh Apparatus for the surveillance of an electronic security element in an interrogation zone
DE19644927A1 (de) * 1996-10-29 1998-04-30 Esselte Meto Int Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines elektronischen Sicherungselementes in einer Abfragezone
US5894270A (en) * 1996-10-29 1999-04-13 Esselte Meto International Gmbh Apparatus for the surveillance of an electronic security element in an interrogation zone
CN112633022A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-09 北京信息科技大学 一种射频标签安检机
CN112633022B (zh) * 2020-12-04 2023-06-27 北京信息科技大学 一种射频标签安检机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0565481B1 (fr) 1997-06-11
DE59306713D1 (de) 1997-07-17
ATE154459T1 (de) 1997-06-15
US5349339A (en) 1994-09-20
JPH06103472A (ja) 1994-04-15

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