EP0563173B1 - Verfahren zur behandlung von müll oder anderen abfällen sowie verbesserte presse zu dessen durchführung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur behandlung von müll oder anderen abfällen sowie verbesserte presse zu dessen durchführung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0563173B1
EP0563173B1 EP92901634A EP92901634A EP0563173B1 EP 0563173 B1 EP0563173 B1 EP 0563173B1 EP 92901634 A EP92901634 A EP 92901634A EP 92901634 A EP92901634 A EP 92901634A EP 0563173 B1 EP0563173 B1 EP 0563173B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
chamber
pressure
extrusion
fraction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92901634A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0563173A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Dumons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0563173A1 publication Critical patent/EP0563173A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0563173B1 publication Critical patent/EP0563173B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/047—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/06—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers
    • B30B9/067—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers with a retractable abutment member closing one end of the press chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/20—Dewatering by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/60—Separating
    • F23G2201/603—Separating recyclable material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50208—Biologic treatment before burning, e.g. biogas generation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50214—Separating non combustible matters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating garbage or waste, in particular household waste collected directly or indirectly by public authorities or assimilable industrial waste composed of a mixture of combustible and fermentable materials.
  • the invention extends to an improved press suitable for implementing the above-mentioned method.
  • inert materials such as metals, iron, etc. are extracted and the remaining waste is recovered, essentially by two types of technique.
  • a first type of recovery consists of incinerating garbage or waste in order to recover heat energy used for the production of pressurized water vapor (usable for district heating, for local industrial consumption, for the needs of public authorities ... or even for the production of electrical energy by turbo-generator groups).
  • this incineration as it is currently practiced has several shortcomings.
  • Another way of recovering waste consists in taking advantage of the biomass they contain to produce, by fermentation, composts, organic fertilizers or gases.
  • recovery processes of this type are ill-suited to the treatment of the above-mentioned raw refuse, composed of a mixture of fermentable and combustible materials, and this handicap increases every year in industrialized countries due to the sharp increase in the percentage of non-fermentable waste materials.
  • the present invention proposes to provide a solution constituting a considerable advance over the techniques which are implemented at present.
  • An object of the invention is thus to indicate a method for treating garbage or waste which allows better recovery of these with good profitability of the installations used and is compatible with compliance with anti-pollution standards.
  • the combustible fraction collected at the end of the compression operation lends itself to profitable incineration in ovens of the circulating fluidized bed type, known per se, under conditions meeting standards, in terms of combustion discharges. These ovens, associated with steam generating boilers, thus make it possible to produce superheated steam, by optimally exploiting the calorific value of the combustible fraction of garbage or waste.
  • this combustible fraction free from humidity and biomass, can be stored for an indefinite period without any nuisance, in particular in heaps in open air areas, to be used by combustion during periods of very high energy demands.
  • the fermentable fraction freed from non-fermentable materials can, for its part, be treated under optimal conditions by known methods, in particular by biological seeding and fermentation in order to produce composts, organic fertilizers or gases capable of provide heat energy.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out in two successive phases, namely: precompression then final compression.
  • the precompression phase can in particular be carried out so as to reach an intermediate pressure (P i ) between 200 and 300 bars, and the final compression phase so as to reach a final pressure (P f ) between 900 and 1050 bars .
  • the two pistons are specialized for fulfilling different specific functions, namely: for the first piston, a function of loading the extrusion chamber with shearing at the inlet thereof ci, then a function of precompressing the materials up to a moderate intermediate pressure P i (in particular of the order of 250 bars), finally a function of ejecting the solid fraction compressed at the end of the cycle; for the second piston, a shutter function of the extrusion chamber and a final compression function from the intermediate pressure to a very high pressure (in particular of the order of 1000 bars).
  • the first piston is mechanically locked so that the reaction forces are supported by mechanical members and not by the hydraulic members of this piston. It is thus possible to exert on the materials the very high final pressures mentioned above, without the hydraulic means of the first piston being subjected to the rigorous technical requirements that require pressures of this order.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the implementation of the process of the invention which applies in particular to the treatment of household waste but also to any assimilable waste comprising combustible materials and fermentable materials, in particular certain industrial waste. These materials will be referred to below as "raw waste”.
  • This raw waste is collected (COLLECT) and delivered to the treatment center at rates imposed by the outside environment, for example daily for household waste.
  • the combustible fraction can either be directly and immediately incinerated in a furnace-boiler, or stored outside in indefinitely thick thick layers (STOCK) to be then taken up and incinerated during periods of high energy demand.
  • the high temperature fumes pass through the steam producing boiler (CH) and are subjected to a treatment to separate the fly ash (C2).
  • the steam produced (VAP) can be used for all purposes depending on economic interest and the industrial or urban environment (direct use or production of electrical energy).
  • the method of the invention leads to an optimal recovery of garbage or waste thanks to a thorough separation of two fractions of different nature, allowing to exploit the specific characteristics in the best conditions.
  • FIGS 2, 3, 4, 5a and 5b show an improved press intended to ensure this advanced separation of the two fractions.
  • This press rests on a frame 1 and comprises conventional chassis elements (such as tie rods, etc.) which hold the functional members in relation to one another (cf. patent FR No. 2,577,167 already mentioned).
  • a loading hopper 2 equipped with a conventional gland system 3 ensures that the waste is compacted and introduced into a chamber 4, called the loading chamber.
  • This axis chamber horizontal and of cylindrical section has two opposite lateral openings: an upstream opening 4a and a downstream opening 4b.
  • a chamber 5, called the extrusion chamber, coaxial with the loading chamber 4 opens into the latter at its downstream opening 4b; a cutting edge situated in the plane of this opening ensures shearing of the materials in the event of partial penetration into the extrusion chamber.
  • the extrusion chamber 5 is delimited by a perforated jacket which has a plurality of extrusion orifices 5a on its periphery; these orifices have in particular a diameter between 4 and 40 mm, in particular of the order of 10 mm, and open out into a collector 6 which delivers the liquid and semi-liquid extruded materials to a conveyor 7.
  • the extrusion chamber 5 has, opposite the loading chamber, an outlet 5b of the solid fraction, of diameter substantially equal to that of said extrusion chamber.
  • a conveyor 8 receives the solid material at the outlet and routes it out of the press.
  • a guillotine 9 is located at the outlet of the extrusion chamber; this guillotine associated with maneuvering means such as vertical cylinder, can be brought to sweep the exit plane of said chamber in order to clean by friction said exit and, if necessary, to disaggregate the compact blocks.
  • the press comprises two coaxial pistons 10 and 11 which, in the retracted state, are arranged on one side and on the other of the assembly formed by the loading chamber 4 and compression chamber 5; these pistons are conventionally guided by bodies and sleeves such as 10a and 11a, and associated with hydraulic means (symbolized in 12 and 23) with a view to their displacement in a sliding movement along the common horizontal axis of the two bedrooms 4 and 5.
  • the first piston 10 is of the long-stroke type (of the order of 220 cm) capable of transmitting current pressures of the order of 250 bars; he can be operated by the hydraulic means 12 between an extreme retracted position where its end is located at the upstream opening of the loading chamber (Figure 2) and an extreme deployed position where its end is located at the outlet of the chamber extrusion (Figure 11).
  • This piston 10 has on its circumference a shoulder 13 delimiting a front section of section larger than its rear section. This shoulder is arranged to come to cooperate with mechanical locking means 14 adapted to allow the recoil of said piston to be prevented from an intermediate deployment position in which this piston crosses the loading chamber and partially penetrates into the extrusion.
  • FIG. 4 These locking means are shown in detail in Figures 4, 5a, 5b; they include a succession of pincer jaws such as 15, which are juxtaposed close to each other and articulated around a fixed axis 16.
  • the two jaws of each pincer 15 are extended by branches 17 whose rounded ends 17a come lodge in support troughs formed at their base by two plates 30; these plates are coupled to two actuating cylinders 18.
  • the jaws In the deployed position of these cylinders 18 (FIG. 5a), the jaws close by their weight towards the piston 10, while, in the retracted position of these cylinders (FIG. 5b) , said jaws are raised and open, that is to say set back relative to the cylindrical surface of the piston 10.
  • a fixed stop 19 is located at the rear of the jaws 15 to serve as a longitudinal support for the latter in order to support the reaction forces transmitted by the jaws.
  • This annular stop is arranged so as to allow the passage of the piston 10 in its largest section, while serving as longitudinal support for the closed jaws; the last jaws (jaws located in contact with said stop) are subjected to high shear and bending forces and are provided with an appropriate thickness greater than that of the others.
  • the shoulder 13 is positioned along the piston 10 so that it comes opposite the jaws 15 when the piston 10 having entered the extrusion chamber 5 is between two predetermined deployment positions (penetration into the extrusion chamber over a range of predetermined depths).
  • the piston 10 are associated with longitudinal position detection means 20, which deliver a position signal S l when said piston is located between these two deployment positions (which correspond to the passage of the shoulder 13 at the locking jaws 14).
  • This position signal is delivered to control means symbolized at 21, adapted to condition the operating cycle of the press, which will be described later.
  • pressure detection means symbolized at 22 are associated with this first piston 10 (and more precisely with its hydraulic means 12) with a view to delivering to the control means 21, a pressure signal S i when the pressure applied on said first piston reaches a predetermined intermediate value P i (of the order of 200 to 300 bars, for example equal to 250 bars); this signal is intended to trigger a stop command for said piston when the latter is subjected to this intermediate pressure.
  • the second piston 11 is of the type with reduced stroke (of the order of 50 to 60 cm) capable of transmitting very high pressures, of the order of 1000 bars.
  • This piston and its hydraulic means require special manufacture, but its reduced stroke makes the cost compatible with good economic profitability of the press.
  • This second piston 11 can be maneuvered by the hydraulic means 23 between an extreme retracted position where its end is set back relative to the extrusion chamber 5 so as to release the outlet from the latter (FIG. 2) and a position extreme deployed where it enters the extrusion chamber over a predetermined length (Figure 10) in order to ensure the final compression of the materials at the final pressure P f (of the order of 900 to 1050 bars, for example equal to 1000 bars).
  • the control means 21 are in the example constituted by a programmable automaton which is programmed to send control signals to distributors 25, 26, 27 and 28, with a view to ensuring the running of the operating cycle, by a power supply appropriate hydraulic means for operating the first piston 10, actuators for operating the locking jaws 15, hydraulic means for operating the second piston 11 and the actuator for the guillotine 9.
  • the automaton 21 is in particular programmed to condition the operating cycle illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 11 and described below.
  • the press is assumed to be in the following initial position: first piston 10 and second piston 11 in the fully retracted state, locking jaws 15 open, guillotine 9 raised.
  • the second piston 11 is partially deployed until the outlet 5b of the extrusion chamber is closed (FIG. 6).
  • the hopper 2 being loaded, the raw materials are compressed in the loading chamber 4 by the gland system 3.
  • the first piston 10 is deployed in the loading chamber 4 and pushes the mass contained therein towards the extrusion chamber ( Figure 7).
  • the first piston 10 continues to advance and its end reaches the level of the downstream opening 4b; the materials are sheared by the cutting edge located around this opening (figure 8).
  • the first piston 10 enters the extrusion chamber 5 and provides a material precompression phase between its end and that of the second piston 11 which closes the outlet 5b of the extrusion chamber.
  • the detection means 20 deliver the position signal S l to the control means 21; the shoulder 13 is then located opposite the locking jaws 15; in the absence of an incident and for materials of normal consistency, the intermediate pressure P i is exerted on the piston 10 when the latter is between these two deployment positions and the pressure signal S i is delivered by the detection means 22.
  • the automaton controls the stopping of the piston 10 and the deployment of the jacks 18 which release the locking jaws 15 and allow them to close (figure 9).
  • the recoil of the first piston 10 is then blocked by the jaws which have closed at the rear of the shoulder 13 (the reaction being transmitted to the fixed stop 19).
  • the second piston 11 is then deployed in the extrusion chamber 5 in order to ensure the final compression phase ( Figure 10).
  • a stop signal S f is delivered and the automaton 21 controls, on the one hand, the stopping of the second piston, on the other hand, a maintenance of said second piston in its position stop for a predetermined duration, for example of the order of 2 seconds.
  • the expulsion of liquid and semi-liquid materials thus becomes final, without risk of aspiration of these materials towards the solid mass by the effect of phenomena of relaxation of this mass.
  • the withdrawal of the second piston 11 is then controlled to its retracted position in order to release the outlet 5b from the extrusion chamber, then the first piston 10 is caused to deploy fully to eject the compressed solid mass (FIG. 11) .
  • Guillotine 9 can be operated during or after this ejection.
  • control automaton 21 is programmed to trigger an alarm 29 (FIG. 3) and the stopping of the first piston 11, in the event of an incident during the precompression phase determining the premature application of the intermediate pressure P i on the first piston (appearance of the pressure signal S i before that of the position signal S l ). An operator can thus examine the cause of this anomaly (jamming of an object %) and remedy it.
  • the control automaton 21 is programmed to generate in this case a retraction of the first piston 10 when the position signal S l disappears, then the course of a new operating cycle, and this, until the position signal S l and the pressure signal S i are simultaneously obtained.
  • This avoids performing unnecessary final compression phases (slow phases, consuming energy and causing higher wear); moreover several round trips of the first piston 10 carry out successive precompressions and relaxations of the materials and increase the separation efficiency of the two fractions, combustible and fermentable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Verfahren zur Behandlung von Müll bzw. Abfällen nach eventuellem Entzug inerter Stoffe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er in den folgenden Stufen besteht:
    - Verdichtung des besagten Mülls bzw. der besagten Abfälle auf einen Enddruck (Pf), der höher ist als 800 bar, und zwar unter Bedingungen, die geeignet sind, daraus eine fermentierbare Fraktion in der Form eines feuchten Breis zu gewinnen und eine feste brennbare Fraktion mit einer relativen Feuchtigkeit von weniger als 20% abzuscheiden; wobei die besagte Verdichtung des Mülls bzw. der besagten Abfälle in einer Kammer (5), die einerseits mit Öffnungen (5a) zum Extrudieren der fermentierbaren Fraktion und andererseits mit einer Ausgangsöffnung (5b) für die brennbare Fraktion versehen ist, in zwei aufeinander folgenden Phasen bewirkt wird, und zwar:
    . einer Vorverdichtungsphase, die mittels eines Langhubkolbens (10) bewirkt wird, welcher sich in der Kammer so verlagert, daß auf die Gesamtheit der in der Kammer befindlichen Stoffe ein Druck (Pi) ausgeübt wird, der geringer ist, als der Enddruck (Pf),
    . einer Endverdichtungsphase, die mittels eines Kolbens (11) mit kürzerem Hub bewirkt wird, der sich in der dem ersten Kolben gegenüber liegenden Kammer so verlagert, daß auf die Gesamtheit der in der Kammer befindlichen Stoffe der Enddruck (Pf) ausgeübt wird, und
    - anschließender getrennter Verwertung jeder dieser beiden Fraktionen, und zwar einerseits, was die fermentierbare Fraktion betrifft, durch an sich bekannte spezifische Behandlungen, wobei man sich ihre Beschaffenheit als Biomasse zunutze macht, um insbesondere organische Produkte oder Gas zu erzeugen, und andererseits, was die brennbare Fraktion betrifft, durch Verbrennung zwecks Erzeugung von Energie, gegebenenfalls nach einer Zeitspanne der Lagerung.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Abschluß der Vorverdichtungsphase der Langhubkolben (10) angehalten und mechanisch gesperrt wird, um dessen Rücklauf zu verhindern, worauf man die Verlagerung des Kolbens (11) mit kürzerem Hub bewirkt, um die Endverdichtungsphase durchzuführen.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Anhalten und die mechanische Sperrung des Langhubkolbens (10) gewährleistet werden, wenn der auf dem besagten Kolben ausgeübte Druck einen vorbestimmten Zwischenwert (Pi) erreicht, der geringer ist als der Wert des Enddrucks (Pf).
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorverdichtungsphase so bewirkt wird, daß man einen zwischen 200 und 300 bar betragenden Zwischendruck (Pi) erreicht, und die Endverdichtungsphase so bewirkt wird, daß man einen Enddruck (Pf) zwischen 900 und 1050 bar erreicht, wobei die relative Feuchtigkeit der brennbaren Fraktion zwischen 6% und 12% beträgt.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verdichtung in einer Kammer (5) bewirkt wird, die Extrusionsöffnungen (5a) mit einem Durchmesser von 4 bis 40 mm und einen Ausgang (5b) für die brennbare Fraktion besitzt, dessen Durchmesser im wesentlichen dem der besagten Kammer gleich ist.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei dem die Verbrennung der brennbaren Fraktion in einem an sich bekannten Ofen der Art mit umlaufender Wirbelschicht bewirkt wird.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, bei dem die Verbrennung der brennbaren Fraktion dazu verwertet wird, um überhitzten Dampf zu erzeugen, wobei der Ofen mit umlaufender Wirbelschicht mit einem Dampferzeugungskessel in Verbindung steht.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 zur Behandlung von Müll und Abfällen, die in durch die externe Umwelt bedingten Maßen erfaßt und angeliefert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verdichtung des besagten Mülls bzw. der anderen Abfälle den anfallenden Mengen gemäß durchgeführt wird, und zwar wird die brennbare Fraktion gelagert, um sie während Zeitspannen hohen Energiebedarfs durch Verbrennung zu verwerten, während die fermentierbare Fraktion in den durch die spezifischen Behandlungen, denen sie unterzogen wird, bedingten Zeitabständen verwertet wird.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die brennbare Fraktion haufenweise auf Freiluftflächen gelagert wird.
  10. Presse zur Behandlung von Stoffen, insbesondere Müll bzw. Abfällen, umfassend:
    - Mittel (2, 3) zum Einführen von Stoffen in eine Beschickungskammer (4) mit zwei gegenüber befindlichen seitlichen Öffnungen, einer sogenannten vorderen Öffnung (4a) und einer sogenannten hinteren Öffnung (4b),
    - eine in der Verlängerung der Beschickungskammer (4) gelegene und in letztere im Bereiche ihrer hinteren Öffnung (4b) mündende Extrusionskammer (5), wobei die besagte Extrusionskammer an ihrem Umfang mit Extrusionsöffnungen (5a) und mit einem der Beschickungskammer gegenüberliegenden Ausgang (5b) versehen ist,
    - zwei koaxiale Kolben (10, 11), die im zurückgezogenen Zustand an der einen bzw. an der anderen Seite der durch die Beschickungskammer und die Extrusionskammer gebildeten Baugruppe vorgesehen sind, wobei der erste Kolben (10) so angeordnet ist, daß er sich zwischen einer Rückzugslage, in der sich sein Ende nahe der vorderen Öffnung (4a) der Beschickungskammer befindet und einer ausgefahrenen Endlage verlagert, in der er sich durch die Beschickungskammer (4) und die Extrusionskammer (5) hindurch bewegt und sich sein Ende in der Nähe des Ausgangs (5b) der besagten Extrusionskammer befindet, während der zweite Kolben (11) so angeordnet ist, daß er sich zwischen einer Rückzugslage, in der er im Verhältnis zu der Extrusionskammer (5) zurückgezogen ist, so daß er den Ausgang (5b) der besagten Extrusionskammer freigibt, und einer ausgefahrenen Endlage verlagert,
    - hydraulische Mittel (12, 23) zur Steuerung der Kolben in einer Ausfahrbewegung in Richtung der Beschickungskammer bzw. der Extrusionskammer und in einer entgegengesetzten Rückzugsbewegung,
    wobei die besagte Presse dadurch gekennzeichnet ist,
    . daß der zweite Kolben (11), dessen Hub kürzer ist als der des ersten Kolbens (10), so angeordnet ist, daß er Drücke ausüben kann, die höher sind als die von dem ersten Kolben ausgeübten Drücke,
    . daß der zweite Kolben (11) so angeordnet ist, daß er in seiner ausgefahrenen Endlage in die Extrusionskammer (5) bis zu einer gewissen Tiefe der besagten Extrusionskammer eindringt, um Endverdichtung der Stoffe zu bewirken,
    . daß Mittel (14) für mechanisches Sperren, die vor der Beschickungskammer (4) vorgesehen sind, mit dem ersten Kolben (10) in Verbindung stehen, so daß dessen Rücklauf von einer ausgefahrenen Zwischenlage, in der er die Beschickungskammer durchläuft und teilweise in die Extrusionskammer eindringt, verhindern kann.
  11. Presse nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (14) für mechanisches Sperren folgende Teile umfassen:
    . mindestens einen Greifer mit zwei Backen (15), die an dem Umfang des ersten Kolbens (10) vor der Beschickungskammer (4) angeordnet sind,
    . einen festen Anschlag (19), der zur Längsabstützung der Greiferbacken dient,
    . eine Schulter (13), die an dem Umfang des ersten Kolbens (10) vorgesehen und so angeordnet ist, daß sie sich den Greiferbacken (15) gegenüber befindet, wenn dieser Kolben seine ausgefahrene Zwischenlage erreicht,
    . Mittel (18) zur Steuerung der Greiferbacken, wobei die besagten Mittel so beschaffen sind, daß sie das Öffnen der besagten Backen in eine im Verhältnis zu dem Umfang des besagten Kolbens zurückgezogene Lage gewährleisten bzw. deren Schließung hinter der Schulter (13) des Kolbens gestatten.
  12. Presse nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet:
    . daß die Sperrmittel eine Reihe von aneinander anschließenden Greiferbacken (15) umfassen,
    . daß Drucknachweismittel (22) mit dem ersten Kolben (10) in Verbindung stehen, um ein Drucksignal (Si) zu liefern, wenn der auf den besagten ersten Kolben ausgeübte Druck einen vorbestimmten Zwischenwert (Pi) erreicht, wobei Steuermittel vorgesehen sind, um Anhalten des besagten ersten Kolbens bei Auftauchen des besagten Drucksignals zu bewirken.
  13. Presse nach einem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Steuermittel (21) umfaßt, die so beschaffen sind, daß sie den nachstehenden Betriebszyklus von einer Anfangslage aus, in der die Kolben (10, 11) im zurückgezogenen Zustand und die Greiferbacken (15) im offenen Zustand sind, bestimmen:
    . teilweises Ausfahren des zweiten Kolbens (11), bis dieser den Ausgang (5b) der Extrusionskammer blockiert,
    . nach Einführen der Stoffe Ausfahren des ersten Kolbens (10) zuerst in die Beschickungskammer (4), um die darin enthaltene Masse in die Extrusionskammer (5) zurückzuschieben, und dann in die besagte Extrusionskammer, um eine Vorkompressionsphase zu gewährleisten,
    . Anhalten des ersten Kolbens (10) und Schließen der Greiferbacken (15), wenn der Druck den Zwischenwert (Pi) erreicht hat,
    . Ausfahren des zweiten Kolbens (11) in die Extrusionskammer (15), bis ein vorbestimmter Enddruck (Pf) erreicht ist, um eine Endverdichtungsphase zu gewährleisten,
    . Rückzug des zweiten Kolbens (11) in dessen zurückgezogene Lage, um den Ausgang (5b) der Extrusionskammer freizugeben,
    . Ausfahren des ersten Kolbens (10) in dessen ausgefahrene Endlage, um die verdichtete feste Masse auszustoßen.
  14. Presse nach den Ansprüchen 12 und 13 gemeinsam, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    - daß Mittel (20) zum Nachweis der Längslage mit dem ersten Kolben (10) in Verbindung stehen, um ein Lagesignal (Sl) zu liefern, wenn sich der besagte erste Kolben nach dem Eindringen in die Extrusionskammer zwischen zwei vorbestimmten ausgefahrenen Lagen befindet,
    - daß die Steuermittel (21) so beschaffen sind, daß sie den ersten Kolben (10) anhalten und das Schließen der Backen (15) bei Vorhandensein des Drucksignals (Si) UND des Lagesignals (Sl) bewirken und Rückzug des besagten ersten Kolbens sowie danach die Durchführung eines neuen Betriebszyklus bewirken, falls das Drucksignal (Si) nicht aufgetaucht ist, wenn das Lagesignal (Sl) verschwindet.
  15. Presse nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel (21) so beschaffen sind, daß sie eine Warnvorrichtung (29) auslösen und Anhalten des ersten Kolbens (10) bewirken, wenn das Drucksignal (Si) vor dem Auftauchen des Lagesignals (Sl) in Erscheinung tritt.
  16. Presse nach einem der Ansprüche 13, 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    . daß die Drucknachweismittel (24) mit dem zweiten Kolben (11) in Verbindung stehen, um ein Anhaltesignal (Sf) zu liefern, wenn der auf den besagten zweiten Kolben ausgeübte Druck einen vorbestimmten Endwert (Pf) erreicht.
    . daß die Steuermittel (21) so beschaffen sind, daß sie einerseits das Anhalten des zweiten Kolbens (11) bewirken, wenn das Anhaltesignal auftaucht, und andererseits, während einer vorbestimmten Zeitspanne Beibehaltung des besagten zweiten Kolbens in dessen Anhaltelage bewirken.
  17. Presse nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Schneidvorrichtung (9) umfaßt, die am Ausgang der Extrusionskammer (5) angeordnet ist, sowie mit der besagten Schneidvorrichtung in Verbindung stehende Steuermittel, um zu veranlassen, daß die besagte Schneidvorrichtung die Ausgangsebene der besagten Kammer überstreicht.
  18. Presse nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Kolben (10) so beschaffen ist, daß er auf die Stoffe einen Druck (Pi) von etwa 250 bar bzw. der zweite Kolben (11) einen Druck (Pf) von etwa 1000 bar ausüben kann.
EP92901634A 1990-12-21 1991-12-12 Verfahren zur behandlung von müll oder anderen abfällen sowie verbesserte presse zu dessen durchführung Expired - Lifetime EP0563173B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9016589A FR2670711A1 (fr) 1990-12-21 1990-12-21 Procede de traitement d'ordures ou dechets et presse perfectionnee pour sa mise en óoeuvre.
FR9016589 1990-12-21
PCT/FR1991/001016 WO1992011132A1 (fr) 1990-12-21 1991-12-12 Procede de traitement d'ordures ou dechets et presse perfectionnee pour sa mise en ×uvre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0563173A1 EP0563173A1 (de) 1993-10-06
EP0563173B1 true EP0563173B1 (de) 1994-10-05

Family

ID=9403922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92901634A Expired - Lifetime EP0563173B1 (de) 1990-12-21 1991-12-12 Verfahren zur behandlung von müll oder anderen abfällen sowie verbesserte presse zu dessen durchführung

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5400726A (de)
EP (1) EP0563173B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH06504478A (de)
AT (1) ATE112519T1 (de)
AU (1) AU655620B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2097832A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69104500T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0563173T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2065162T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2670711A1 (de)
WO (1) WO1992011132A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2927983A1 (fr) * 2008-02-21 2009-08-28 Dms Procede de gazeification totale d'ordures ou de dechets

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4446494A1 (de) * 1994-12-23 1996-06-27 Knoll Maschinenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Brikettieren von preßfähigem Material
DE69613402T2 (de) * 1995-10-26 2002-05-02 Compact Power Ltd., London Beschichtungseinrichtung für eine kontinuierliche pyrolyse und vergasungsvorrichtung und vorrichtung
US5816795A (en) * 1996-05-24 1998-10-06 Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing supplemental fuel to a preheater/precalciner kiln
FR2792570B1 (fr) * 1999-04-26 2001-07-13 Pierre Dumons Presse pour le traitement de matieres morcelees, en particulier dechets ou ordures, comportant une fraction de matieres susceptibles de fluer sous l'effet d'une pression
EP1184443A1 (de) * 2000-09-04 2002-03-06 Biofuel B.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von flüssigen Brennstoffen aus Biomasse
US9713908B2 (en) * 2007-07-18 2017-07-25 E3Bioenergy, Llc Super compaction of biomass and other carbon-containing materials to high energy content fuels
US9181505B2 (en) * 2009-06-03 2015-11-10 Texaco Inc. & Texaco Development Corporation Integrated biofuel process
WO2012005784A1 (en) 2010-07-07 2012-01-12 Catchlight Energy Llc Solvent-enhanced biomass liquefaction
JP5912708B2 (ja) * 2012-03-19 2016-04-27 Ｋｙｂ株式会社 抽出装置
CN103629674B (zh) * 2012-08-22 2015-10-28 黄广禧 垃圾裂解炉压紧装置
CN103629675B (zh) * 2012-08-22 2015-10-28 黄广禧 垃圾裂解炉外压杆机构
NL1040442C2 (nl) 2013-10-13 2015-04-14 Technologies Holding B V D Inrichting en werkwijze voor het persen van organisch materiaal uit afval.
US9399552B1 (en) * 2015-02-05 2016-07-26 Msw Power Corporation Waste compactor system for vehicles
US9346231B1 (en) * 2015-02-05 2016-05-24 Msw Power Corporation Waste compactor system
US9174406B1 (en) * 2015-02-05 2015-11-03 Msw Power Corporation Waste compactor system
FR3061492B1 (fr) 2017-01-03 2019-05-24 D.M.S Procede de production de carburant par craquage catalytique d'un materiau solide hydrocarbone et dispositif pour sa mise en œuvre
FR3092117B1 (fr) 2019-01-25 2021-01-29 Pierre Dumons Procédé et dispositif de production de produits énergétiques par craquage catalytique d’un matériau solide hydrocarboné sans formation de coke
JP7192751B2 (ja) * 2019-11-26 2022-12-20 新東工業株式会社 ダスト固形化装置
CN111112285B (zh) * 2019-12-17 2021-03-30 湖州一环环保科技有限公司 一种有机固体废物回收处理用发酵罐
CN111649335B (zh) * 2020-06-13 2023-03-28 宁波世茂能源股份有限公司 垃圾焚烧发电系统及工艺
FR3126126A1 (fr) 2021-08-13 2023-02-17 D.M.S Procédé et dispositif de production de produits énergétiques par craquage catalytique d’un matériau solide hydrocarboné sans formation de coke

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2697979A (en) * 1952-06-10 1954-12-28 Du Pont Dewatering and compacting press
GB1569482A (en) * 1976-12-06 1980-06-18 Hydromer Soc Civ Process and apparatus for treating matter comprising a solid phase and a liquid or pasty phase
DE2753926A1 (de) * 1977-12-03 1979-06-13 Barmag Barmer Maschf Verfahren und vorrichtung zum thermischen behandeln von gezogenem feindraht
US4208188A (en) * 1978-03-22 1980-06-17 Signet Corporation Consolidation of coal slurry
CH628837A5 (fr) * 1979-03-27 1982-03-31 Bema Engineering Sa Procede de compression separatrice de dechets, appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede, brique et boue resultant de ce procede et utilisation de cette boue.
US4201129A (en) * 1979-04-03 1980-05-06 Etablissements Matthys and Societe G.A.R.A.P. Machine for charging furnaces
FR2484294B1 (fr) * 1980-06-17 1985-06-28 Lejeune Gwenole Procede et dispositif de traitement de produits humides
US4603909A (en) * 1983-03-30 1986-08-05 Jeune G Le Device for separating phases for rigid multiphase materials
FR2577167A1 (fr) * 1985-02-08 1986-08-14 Eloy Maurice Presse a separation de phases
US5001975A (en) * 1989-12-07 1991-03-26 Finden Kenneth A Apparatus and method for the production of dehydrated high density pelletized garbage

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2927983A1 (fr) * 2008-02-21 2009-08-28 Dms Procede de gazeification totale d'ordures ou de dechets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2097832A1 (fr) 1992-06-22
FR2670711B1 (de) 1994-04-22
ATE112519T1 (de) 1994-10-15
EP0563173A1 (de) 1993-10-06
FR2670711A1 (fr) 1992-06-26
ES2065162T3 (es) 1995-02-01
JPH06504478A (ja) 1994-05-26
DK0563173T3 (da) 1995-04-18
US5400726A (en) 1995-03-28
DE69104500D1 (de) 1994-11-10
AU9128791A (en) 1992-07-22
WO1992011132A1 (fr) 1992-07-09
DE69104500T2 (de) 1995-05-18
AU655620B2 (en) 1995-01-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0563173B1 (de) Verfahren zur behandlung von müll oder anderen abfällen sowie verbesserte presse zu dessen durchführung
EP0055261B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufbereiten nassen materials
EP0934489B1 (de) Anlage zur thermolyse und zur energetischen verwertung von abfall
EP2427532A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur energieverdichtung eines materials in form von geteilten feststoffen im hinblick auf den erhalt von pyrolyseölen für energiezwecke
WO2012049400A1 (fr) Dispositif pour la transformation d'un combustible
EP1409923B1 (de) Industrie- und/oder haushaltsabfallbehandlungsverfahren und anlage zur behandlung von industrie- und/oder haushaltsabfall
CA2609383C (fr) Procede et installation de traitement de materiaux solides organiques
EP0485255B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von einem festen Brennstoff ausgehend von brennbaren Abfällen
FR2715327A1 (fr) Système d'injection de boues à incinérer dans un four d'incinération, procédé de fonctionnement, utilisation et four correspondants.
EP0468853B1 (de) Presse zum Behandeln von heterogenen Abfällen
FR2654811A1 (fr) Procede et installation pour secher des matieres organiques, notamment des particules de bois.
CA2334638C (fr) Four de thermolyse a depoussierage de la sortie du flux gazeux resultant de la thermolyse
EP1831336A1 (de) Verfahren zur vergasung von kohlenstoffhaltigen materialien und vorrichtung zur realisierung des verfahrens
US7448332B2 (en) Refuse disposal by environmentally safe high temperature disintegration
EP1173325B1 (de) Presse zur behandlung von stückigem gut, insbesondere abfällen oder müll mit einer fraktion aus unter druck kriechbarem gut
FR2654112A1 (fr) Procede et installation de traitement de dechets urbains et/ou industriels.
CA3158827A1 (en) Bale boiler apparatus and method
EP0663433A1 (de) Verfahren zur Behandlung von Abfällen insbesondere Hausmüll und Vorrichtung zur Dürchführung des Verfahrens
FR2762613A1 (fr) Installation pour le traitement par thermolyse et pour la valorisation energetique des dechets
FR2599124A1 (fr) Installation perfectionnee pour la destruction par incineration des ordures menageres ou autres matieres
FR2505350A1 (fr) Gazeificateurs de combustibles solides a lit fixe et a tirage inverse
BE863953R (fr) Procede pour la preparation en continu de charbon de bois et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
LU86942A1 (fr) Procede de fabrication de briquettes de charbon et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
FR2566099A1 (fr) Four d'incineration de dechets menagers et industriels
FR2610246A1 (fr) Presse a separation de phases

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930601

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU MC NL SE

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19940218

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 112519

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19941015

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69104500

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19941110

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 92901634.3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2065162

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19950113

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Free format text: 3014623

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CL

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19981127

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 19981130

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19981201

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19981214

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19981214

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 19981215

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19981215

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19981218

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19981229

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19981230

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19990115

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991212

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991212

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991212

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991212

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991213

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991231

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991231

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991231

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991231

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: DUMONS PIERRE

Effective date: 19991231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000701

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19991212

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 92901634.3

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20000701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001213

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20010113

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051212

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20081219

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20100831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091231