EP0559548A1 - Lanceur de munitions mobile évitant le stress du tireur - Google Patents

Lanceur de munitions mobile évitant le stress du tireur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0559548A1
EP0559548A1 EP93400528A EP93400528A EP0559548A1 EP 0559548 A1 EP0559548 A1 EP 0559548A1 EP 93400528 A EP93400528 A EP 93400528A EP 93400528 A EP93400528 A EP 93400528A EP 0559548 A1 EP0559548 A1 EP 0559548A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
launcher
launcher according
tube
shooter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93400528A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Bourel
René Thouron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Brandt Armements SA filed Critical Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Publication of EP0559548A1 publication Critical patent/EP0559548A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes
    • F42B23/10—Land mines ; Land torpedoes anti-personnel
    • F42B23/16—Land mines ; Land torpedoes anti-personnel of missile type, i.e. all kinds of mines launched for detonation after ejection from ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/22—Aiming or laying means for vehicle-borne armament, e.g. on aircraft
    • F41G3/225—Helmet sighting systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile ammunition launcher avoiding the stress of the shooter.
  • powder launchers In order to launch munitions such as rockets, rockets or missiles, powder launchers are generally used which produce a flame when the munition leaves. This flame makes it easy to identify the launch site, and therefore to easily direct the enemy's fire in order to destroy the launcher.
  • the shooter who is already impressed by the flames emitted during the departure of the ammunition, is stressed knowing that the enemy targeted by his ammunition can easily spot him thanks to these flames. Because of this stress, the shooter risks to badly adjust the shooting while thinking especially of leaving as quickly as possible the place of the shooting. If the shooter takes shelter behind an obstacle (wall, rock, ...) to avoid being spotted, he cannot see the target.
  • the present invention relates to an ammunition launcher which reduces this stress as much as possible by allowing the shooter to adjust his shot as well as possible, which makes it possible to attack both ground and flying targets, and which makes it possible to carry out shots even while sheltering the launcher behind obstacles.
  • the device for launching ammunition in accordance with the invention comprises a launching base which can be oriented in deposit and which supports an ammunition launcher tube oriented substantially vertically during firing, and comprising an energy accumulator with a spring which can be oriented in deposit, a sighting device target, preferably attached to a helmet worn by the shooter, an orientation control device of the launcher tube and a calculator device connected to the aiming device and the orientation control device.
  • the device described below makes it possible to launch a munition, guided or not, according to an initial trajectory which is substantially vertical and fairly precise.
  • the ammunition is launched vertically with a determined initial speed, and this, without notable noise or flames.
  • this munition reaches its peak, we tip it over and turn on its self-propulsion system to make it then follow a determined trajectory.
  • the ammunition launcher making it possible to obtain said initial speed is schematically represented in FIG. 1. It comprises a base 1 provided with adjustable feet (not shown, or similar device, making it possible to orient the longitudinal axis vertically or at a determined angle) 2 of its launcher tube.
  • the base 1 supports, by means of a bearing or a bearing 3 a launching tube 4.
  • the bearing 3 makes it possible to orient the tube 4 in bearing.
  • a buffer is interposed between the tube 4 and the base 1 1A energy absorber, for example rubber.
  • the tube 4 contains, at its lower part, a device 5 for energy storage with springs.
  • the device 5 consists of a stack of Belleville washers (curved washers).
  • these Belleville washers are made of composite material (for example epoxy and reinforcement based on carbon or glass fibers, or based on KEVLAR).
  • the Belleville washers are kept compressed in the tube 4 using a locking device 6 described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 3. This compression can be carried out either in the factory during the manufacture of the base, either before use, using an appropriate mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic device.
  • the locking device 6 also serves to fix a munition 7 in the tube 4.
  • the tube 4 is closed at its upper end by a cover 8.
  • the base 1 has a reference 9 allowing it to be oriented geographically with respect to the terrain on which it will be installed for shooting. For example, this benchmark should be oriented to the North.
  • the tube 4 also includes a mark 9A, which is for example aligned with the mark 9 in the initial position.
  • the tube 4 is rotated by the desired angular value around its axis 2.
  • the base 1 having a good orientation precise, it is therefore easy to orient the tube 4 (by rotating it around the axis 2) so that the ammunition 7 is sent in the desired direction, the ammunition itself having a determined orientation relative to the tube 4 (depending on the tilting impellers used, and described below).
  • the orientation of the tube 4 is achieved by a servomotor (not shown) controlled by a servo device (not shown), and is integral with an angular measurement device connected to this servo device, which is also connected to a calculating device supplying it with the desired angular value of the bearing of the objective.
  • the energy absorbing device 1A can be a simple rubber washer of the VIBTENE type (of density between 1.2 and 1.5 for example) which has a thickness of approximately 10 mm for an ammunition with a weight of 10 Kg mass approximately.
  • the role of the locking device 6 shown in detail in FIG. 3 is to lock the ammunition 7 in place in the tube 4, to retain the energy stored in the spring devices 5 as soon as these are compressed, and, at the time launching the ammunition 7, unlocking the ammunition and suddenly releasing said stored energy.
  • the device 6 comprises a tube 10 whose axis is coincident with the axis 2, which is fixed to the bottom 4A of the tube 4, and which is closed by a cover 10A at its upper end.
  • This tube 10 passes through the axial bore 11 of a retaining plate 12, the outside diameter of the tube 10 being practically equal to the diameter of the bore of the plate 11.
  • the bore 11 comprises, roughly half thickness of the plate 12, a groove 13 of semi-circular section. This groove 13 extends perpendicular to the axis 2, and the radius of its section is substantially equal to the radius of the retaining balls described below.
  • the length of the tube 10 is approximately equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the stack of uncompressed Belleville washers 5 and of the plate 12.
  • the upper end of the tube 10 protrudes from the plate 12, and it is this end which is introduced into an axial housing 14 of corresponding dimensions formed at the bottom of the ammunition 7.
  • a solid cylindrical core 16 is housed in the tube 10. Its diameter is practically equal to the inside diameter of the tube 10 in which it can move axially with gentle friction.
  • the core 16 is actuated by an axial rod 17 which is integral with it and which passes through the bottom 4A of the tube 4.
  • the rod 17 is itself actuated, not shown, automatically, and can be locked axially in position.
  • the core 16 has at its periphery a first wide groove with flared edges 18, the depth of which is substantially equal to the radius of the locking balls 20 and the width slightly greater than twice the diameter of these balls.
  • the core 16 comprises a second flared groove 19 of the same depth as the groove 18, but of width substantially equal to the diameter of said balls.
  • These grooves 18, 19 are formed so to be opposite the holes 10B when the core 16 is in the high unlocking position, that is to say in abutment against the cover 10A of the tube 10 and so that only the groove 18 is in face of the upper holes 10B when the core 16 is in the "medium" position.
  • Figure 3 there is shown to the left of the axis 2 the core 16 in the high position, and to the right in the middle position.
  • the core 16 is put in the high position, and the balls 20 are introduced into the corresponding holes 10B of the tube 10. Because the grooves 18 and 19 are opposite the holes 10B, the balls 20 arrive flush with the outside surface of the tube 10. They can be held in place while cocking the launcher using an appropriate paste.
  • the Belleville washers and the plate 12 are put in place on which the necessary pressure is applied, and the core 16 is lowered to the middle position, for which the balls 20 of the lower holes 10B are driven by the core into the groove 13, thus locking the plate 12 in the position for which it keeps the washers 5 compressed.
  • the rod 17 can be blocked using an appropriate means, for example by a locking screw, which makes it possible to transport the launcher device with or without ammunition from the '' place where the washers 5 were compressed with appropriate tools, and even to place the ammunition in the launcher shortly before its launch while keeping the washers 5 compressed (core 6 in the middle position).
  • the first phase of the trajectory of the ammunition 7 is schematically represented in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the base 1 being adjusted in the firing position, that is to say that the axis 2 of the tube 4 is for example vertical, and the mark 9 of the base 1 as well as the mark 9A of the tube 4 are oriented geographically, for example to the North.
  • the deposit G of the target being then determined using the aiming device described below, said servomotor rotates the tube 4 by the value G and blocks it in this position (mark 9'A in the direction D of the target, in figure 5).
  • an appropriate mechanism pushes the rod 17 of the core 6 in the medium position to release the ammunition, then in the high position to release the plate 12, which allows the washers 5 to suddenly relax and launch vertically the ammunition 7.
  • the ammunition 7 rises to a peak, at a height H, which is a function of the characteristics of the washers 5 and the weight of the ammunition.
  • a height H which is a function of the characteristics of the washers 5 and the weight of the ammunition.
  • a measuring device with which the ammunition is provided triggers one or more impellers 21 arranged on the ammunition and oriented so as to cause it to rock substantially around its center of gravity 22.
  • impellers for example pyrotechnic, have no no need to be powerful, because their action is exerted when the ammunition has an almost zero speed.
  • the position of the ammunition after rotation of 90 ° is shown in broken lines in Figure 4. As soon as this rotation is carried out, the autonomous propulsion device of the ammunition 7 is ignited, and this ammunition is directed in the direction D towards the designated target.
  • the propulsion device of ammunition 7 Since the propulsion device of ammunition 7 is only ignited when this ammunition is at a relatively high altitude, it is very difficult for an observer in the target area to determine the place of launch of ammunition, all the more that if it is based on the trajectory of the ammunition after rotation of 90 °, it is brought to determine in a usual way a theoretical launching place which can be very far from the real launching place.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are similar to those of FIGS. 4 and 5, the difference residing in the fact that after reaching its peak, the ammunition 7 performs, under the thrust of its impellers 21 ′ a rotation of one site angle other than 90 °.
  • the rotation S+ can for example allow to reach flying targets, while the rotation S ⁇ can for example allow to reach relatively close targets, but hidden by high obstacles (buildings, rocks) being between them and the launch location. It then suffices that the apogee is at a height H greater than that of these obstacles.
  • the tube 4 can contain several "stages” each comprising an ammunition and its stack of washers 5 (or equivalent spring device).
  • the base 1 with the launcher tube 4 are integrated in a backpack 23 carried by an infantryman.
  • the latter is wearing a helmet 24 with an integrated viewfinder of a type known per se.
  • the backpack 23 also contains a computer and a device for controlling the orientation of the tube 4 (not shown). Thanks to this sight, for example of the oculometer type, to adjust the direction of the shot, it suffices for the infantryman to keep his gaze fixed on the target.
  • the aiming device is connected to a computer which records, as soon as the infantryman triggers (for example by pressing a button on a remote control unit) the shooting process, the data necessary for shooting (vehicle speed, location, site ).
  • the computer determines, from these data, the orientation in direction to be given to the tube 4 (kept vertical), the instant of launching of the firing, which impellers (21 ') light at the peak of the ammunition, and possibly whether to apply additional propulsion after reaching climax.
  • the choice of said impellers is conditioned in particular by the type of target: if it is a land vehicle (for example a tank, as shown in FIG. 8), we are dealing with the site of the S ⁇ type site (FIG. 6), and if it is an aerial target (for example a helicopter, as represented in FIG. 8), we are dealing with the case of the S+ type site (FIG. 6).
  • the assembly 25 comprising the base 1 with the tube 4, the computer and the device for controlling orientation and shooting, is geographically distant from the infantryman in charge of the shooting, who no longer carries anything but 'a 24A helmet similar to the helmet 24.
  • the helmet 24A comprises a transceiver (not shown) communicating with a corresponding transceiver (not shown) arranged in the assembly 25, and that the assembly 25 comprises means making it possible to calculate the position of the infantryman with respect to this assembly 25.
  • the means making it possible to calculate the position of the infantryman relative to the assembly 25 are also fixed to the helmet 24A.
  • the infantryman can be quite far from the firing point, which further reduces his stress, and allows him to aim calmly and with efficiency the target.
  • the same infantryman can direct the fire of several sets 25, each of them having its own identification code.
  • the target can be both terrestrial and aerial.
  • FIG. 10 There is illustrated in FIG. 10 in side view and in FIG. 11 in top view the attack of a tank by the device of FIG. 9.
  • the computer of the assembly 25 determines the angle of site S ⁇ of which it ammunition 7 must be rotated when it has reached its apex, taking into account the height H of this apex, the speed and direction of movement of the tank, the position of the infantryman with respect to the assembly 25 and the distance from the tank to the unit 25 (or from the infantryman to the tank and to the unit 25).
  • the computer also determines the deposit G for pointing the launching tube 4 with respect to a geographic direction towards which the reference 9 of the base 1 is oriented, taking into account the aforementioned parameters.
  • the attack on an aerial target for example a helicopter.
  • the computer of the assembly 25 determines the angle of site S+ whose ammunition 7 must be rotated when it has reached its peak, taking into account the height H of this peak, the altitude, the speed and the direction of movement of the helicopter, as well as its distance from the assembly 25 and the position of the infantryman with respect to the assembly 25.
  • the computer also determines the directional bearing G of the launch tube 4 with respect to a geographic direction towards which the reference 9 of the base 7 is oriented, taking into account the aforementioned parameters.
  • the ammunition can be of the pre-fragmented hollow charge type and burst by passing close to the target, which can also be advantageous when the target is for example an armored vehicle other than a tank.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the case of attacking a target such as a tank from above.
  • a target such as a tank from above.
  • a button corresponding to this mode is provided in the infantryman's remote control unit, and the computer of the assembly 25 takes this additional parameter into account.
  • the device of the invention allows great freedom of movement of the infantryman while reducing his stress, and is adapted both to ground targets and to aerial targets.
  • the vertical departure of the ammunition and the absence of flames at the time of departure make the shot as stealthy as possible.
  • the tilting of the munition at low speed (at its peak) allows it to follow a precalculated trajectory subsequently without having to correct this trajectory (however, it is understood that it is possible to provide for such a correction, by remote control or using a seeker, in order to improve the precision of the shooting, in particular during a sudden change of direction and / or speed of the target).
  • All the elements of this device are easily reusable, and in the case of the embodiments of FIGS. 9 to 14, the fact of geographically separating the fragile and expensive elements (aiming helmet) from the other elements, makes it possible to reduce the cost of losses in case of destruction of the launcher (25).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP93400528A 1992-03-03 1993-03-02 Lanceur de munitions mobile évitant le stress du tireur Withdrawn EP0559548A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9202496A FR2688303A1 (fr) 1992-03-03 1992-03-03 Lanceur de munitions mobile evitant le stress du tireur.
FR9202496 1992-03-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0559548A1 true EP0559548A1 (fr) 1993-09-08

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EP93400528A Withdrawn EP0559548A1 (fr) 1992-03-03 1993-03-02 Lanceur de munitions mobile évitant le stress du tireur

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EP (1) EP0559548A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2688303A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2052201A4 (en) * 2006-08-16 2012-10-03 Rafael Armament Dev Authority MISSILE MINIATURE

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2522804A1 (fr) * 1982-03-05 1983-09-09 Thomson Csf Appareil oculometre et son utilisation dans un systeme viseur de tete
FR2651571A1 (fr) * 1989-09-04 1991-03-08 Macron Patrick Nouveau type de grenade a main. avec dispositif de visee et d'ejection.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2522804A1 (fr) * 1982-03-05 1983-09-09 Thomson Csf Appareil oculometre et son utilisation dans un systeme viseur de tete
FR2651571A1 (fr) * 1989-09-04 1991-03-08 Macron Patrick Nouveau type de grenade a main. avec dispositif de visee et d'ejection.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2052201A4 (en) * 2006-08-16 2012-10-03 Rafael Armament Dev Authority MISSILE MINIATURE
US8664575B2 (en) 2006-08-16 2014-03-04 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Miniature missile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2688303B1 (ja) 1994-04-22
FR2688303A1 (fr) 1993-09-10

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