EP0558191B1 - Radiant gas burner - Google Patents

Radiant gas burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0558191B1
EP0558191B1 EP93300766A EP93300766A EP0558191B1 EP 0558191 B1 EP0558191 B1 EP 0558191B1 EP 93300766 A EP93300766 A EP 93300766A EP 93300766 A EP93300766 A EP 93300766A EP 0558191 B1 EP0558191 B1 EP 0558191B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
fuel gas
manifold block
air
passageway
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93300766A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0558191A2 (en
EP0558191A3 (en
Inventor
Robert E. Schwartz
Robert R. Trimble
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
John Zink Co LLC
Original Assignee
John Zink Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by John Zink Co filed Critical John Zink Co
Publication of EP0558191A2 publication Critical patent/EP0558191A2/en
Publication of EP0558191A3 publication Critical patent/EP0558191A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0558191B1 publication Critical patent/EP0558191B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/125—Radiant burners heating a wall surface to incandescence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to radiant gas burners burning fuel gas and air with low NO x production.
  • Radiant burners of the type which include central fuel gas-air mixture burner tubes surrounded by annular refractory tiles are well known and have been utilized in conjunction with reformers, cracking furnaces and the like for many years, as WO 90/04740.
  • the refractory tiles have generally been adapted for insertion into openings in furnace walls, and the burner tubes which extend through central passageways in the burner tiles discharge fuel gas-air mixtures in directions generally parallel and adjacent to the internal faces of the burner tiles.
  • the combustion of the fuel gas-air mixtures causes the faces of the burner tiles to radiate heat, e.g., to process tubes, and undesirable flame impingement on the process tubes is thereby avoided.
  • the nozzle portions of the burner tubes of radiant burners which extend short distances past the burner tiles have been threadedly connected to the forward portions of the tubes.
  • the threaded nozzle connections have been located close to the interior faces of the burner tiles which are exposed to high temperatures, i.e., temperatures in the range of from about 815°C to about 1370°C. While such threaded nozzle connections were intended to allow the nozzle portions of the burner tubes to be periodically removed and replaced, because of the high temperatures the metal forming the threads has often fused and prevented the ready removal of the nozzle portions. Consequently, the more recent radiant burners have included burner tubes with the nozzle portions welded thereto.
  • a radiant gas burner comprising a refractory burner tile adapted to be inserted in a wall of a furnace and including an elongate passageway extending therethrough, said passage having exterior and interior ends, a burner tube disposed within the passageway and having a nozzle positioned at the interior end of the passageway directing a fuel gas-air mixture adjacent to the refractory burner tile within the furnace space and means for introducing a fuel gas-air mixture into the burner tube, characterised in that said burner tube is of a one piece elongate construction and is connected to said means for introducing a fuel gas-air mixture thereinto by a threaded connection positioned adjacent to the exterior of said passageway, whereby said threaded connection remains relatively cool during the operation of said burner and said burner tube thereby remains selectively threadedly removable, in that said means for introducing fuel gas-air mixture into said burner tube include a manifold block having a fuel gas-air mixture passage formed therein threadedly connected to said burner tube at one
  • the threaded connection remains relatively cool during the operation of the burner whereby the entire burner tube can be readily removed and replaced as required.
  • At least one elongated secondary fuel gas discharge pipe may also be disposed in the burner tile passageway and connected to the manifold block.
  • the discharge end of the secondary fuel gas discharge pipe may be positioned adjacent the outlet end of the burner tube for injecting secondary fuel gas into the furnace space resulting in a reduced NO x level in the combustion gases produced by the combustion of the total fuel gas input to the burner.
  • the illustrated burner 10 comprises a burner tile 12 adapted to be inserted in an opening 14 of a furnace wall 16, forming one surface of an interior furnace space.
  • the wall 16 comprises an external metal sheet 18 with a relatively thick liner of refractory material 20 attached thereto.
  • the opening 14 in the furnace wall 16 can be of any suitable shape and its outer portion 22 can be enlarged to form an interior shoulder 24.
  • the burner tile 12 is of a complementary peripheral shape to the opening 14 in the furnace wall 16 and includes a shoulder 26 co-acting with the shoulder 24 of the furnace wall 16.
  • the burner tile 12 generally includes a central elongated passageway 28 extending therethrough, and the interior face 30 of the burner tile 12 includes a plurality of substantially radially extending ribs 32 formed thereon for directing fuel and air and the combustion gases produced therefrom radially outwardly from the passageway 28.
  • a one-piece elongated burner tube 34 Disposed within the passageway 28 of the burner tile 12 is a one-piece elongated burner tube 34, having an inlet end 36 (see Figure 5) threadedly connected to a manifold block 38, and an outlet nozzle end closed by a conical shaped end wall 40, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced longitudinal slots 42 are formed in the burner tube 34 adjacent the wall 40.
  • a mounting plate 44 Adjacent to the exterior face of the burner tile 12 is a mounting plate 44 having a central opening therein complementary in size to the passageway 28.
  • a sleeve 46 having an interior size and shape corresponding to the size and shape of the passageway 28 and having a flange 48 positioned adjacent the plate 44 is attached to the plate 44 by a plurality of bolts 50.
  • the manifold block 38 is of an external size and shape which are complementary to the internal size and shape of the sleeve 46, and the interior end portion of the manifold block 38 is positioned within the sleeve 46.
  • the manifold block 38 includes a central passage 51 formed therein which extends between the exterior and interior ends 52 and 54 thereof (see Figures 5-7). As best shown in Figure 5, the end 36 of the burner tube 34 is threadedly connected within the passage 1 at the end 54 of the manifold block 38, and an inlet bell fitting 56 is threadedly connected to the passage 51 at the other end 52 of the manifold block 38.
  • the bell fitting 56 is connected to one end of an air conduit 58 by a plurality of bolts 60.
  • the conduit 58 includes a 90° bend therein and the other end thereof is attached to a muffler 62 of known design by a plurality of bolts 64.
  • An air flow regulator valve 66 is connected to and disposed within the conduit 58 for manually regulating the rate of air flow conducted to the venturi comprising the fitting 56, manifold block 38 and burner tube 34.
  • a primary fuel gas jet forming nozzle 68 is disposed within the conduit 58 or fitting 56 and is positioned to discharge a jet of primary fuel into the bell fitting 56.
  • the nozzle 68 is connected to a fuel gas conduit 70 which sealingly passes through a wall of the conduit 58 and is connected via a tee 72 to a conduit 74, the other end of which is connected to a source of pressurized fuel gas (not shown).
  • Tubing 78 is attached respectively by tubing fittings 76 and 82 to tee 72 and a secondary fuel gas orifice fitting 84, which is in turn connected to the manifold block 38.
  • a primary fuel gas-air mixture is produced as the fuel gas jet formed by the nozzle 68 and air aspirated thereby flow through the venturi formed by the bell fitting 56, the passage 51 in the manifold block 38 and the burner tube 34, and the mixture is discharged from the burner tube 34 by way of the longitudinal slots 42 thereof.
  • a pair of secondary fuel gas discharge pipes 86 and 88 Disposed in the passageway 28 of the refractory burner tile 12, in addition to the burner tube 34, are a pair of secondary fuel gas discharge pipes 86 and 88, which are generally positioned on opposite sides of the burner tube 34, and are threadedly connected to a pair of longitudinal passages 90 and 92 formed in the end 54 of the manifold block 38.
  • the open ends of the pipes 86 and 88 terminate at positions upstream of and closely adjacent to the slots 42 in the burner tube 34 whereby secondary fuel gas discharged from the pipes 86 and 88 flows into the interior of the furnace (see Figure 3).
  • the passages 90 and 92 within which the discharge pipes 86 and 88 are connected are in turn connected via a passage 94 formed internally within the manifold block 38 and a longitudinal passage 96 to a lateral passage 98 within which the orifice fitting 84 is threadedly connected.
  • a longitudinal air passage 100 is formed longitudinally in the manifold block 38 and an air flow closure and regulating assembly 102 is attached to the exterior end 52 of the manifold block 38 over the air passage 100.
  • both the exterior portion of the manifold block 38 within the sleeve 46 and the interior of the sleeve 46 are cylindrical.
  • the interior of the sleeve 46 includes a pair of grooves 104 formed therein, and a pair of O-rings 106 are disposed in the grooves 104 whereby a seal between the exterior of the manifold block 38 and the interior of the sleeve 46 is assured.
  • a threaded bolt 108 is disposed in a threaded bore in the sleeve 46 for locking the manifold block 38 within the sleeve 46.
  • pressurized fuel gas from a source thereof is conducted by the conduit 74 to the tee 72.
  • a portion of the fuel gas flows from the tee 72 into the primary fuel gas conduit 70 with the remaining portion flowing by way of the tubing 78 into the passage 98 of the manifold block 38.
  • the orifice fitting 84 and the nozzle 68 are sized such that the pressurized fuel gas is divided between the primary fuel gas conduit 70 and the secondary fuel gas tubing 78 in a desired ratio.
  • the secondary fuel gas flowing through the tubing 78, the fitting 82, the orifice fitting 84 and into the internal passage 98 of the manifold block 38 flows by way of the internal passages 96 and 94 to the passages 90 and 92. From the passages 90 and 92, substantially equal portions of the secondary fuel gas flow through the discharge pipes 86 and 88 to within the furnace by way of the open ends thereof.
  • the primary fuel gas flowing through the conduit 70 is discharged in a high velocity jet by the nozzle 68 into the venturi formed by the bell fitting 56, the passage 51 in the manifold block 38 and the burner tube 34.
  • the flow of the jet of primary fuel gas into the venturi causes air to be drawn from the atmosphere through the muffler 62 and through the conduit 58 into the bell fitting 56.
  • the air mixes with the primary fuel gas as it and the primary fuel gas flow by way of the passage 51 in the manifold block 38 into and through the burner tube 34.
  • the primary fuel gas-air mixture is discharged from the burner tube 34 through the longitudinal slots 42 thereof in directions generally parallel to the interior face 30 of the burner tile 12.
  • the primary fuel gas-air mixture is ignited and combusted adjacent the face 30 of the burner tile 12 whereby the burner tile 12 is heated and radiates heat into the furnace to which the burner 10 is attached.
  • the burner 10 can be utilized in forced draft applications where the primary pressurized fuel gas and pressurized air are mixed in a manner whereby the fuel jet and venturi apparatus described above are not required. In such applications a premixed primary fuel gas-air mixture can be introduced directly into the bell fitting 56 or into the passage 51 of the manifold block 38.
  • a rate of air which is stoichiometric or greater than stoichiometric relative to the total rate of fuel gas (both primary and secondary fuel gas) is introduced into the furnace space by means of the burner 10.
  • the rate of air is in the range of from about 7% to about 15% greater than the stoichiometric rate.
  • the primary fuel-air mixture discharged by way of the longitudinal slots 42 of the burner tube 34 contains excess air which, when the fuel gas-air mixture is combusted, functions to lower the temperature of the combustion reaction and the production of NO x .
  • the secondary fuel gas discharged into the furnace space by way of the open ends of the pipes 86 and 88 mixes with flue gases and air within the furnace space and also burns at a relatively low temperature which results in the total combustion gases produced by the burner 10 having a relatively low NO x level.
  • the phrases "burns" or “is burned at a relatively low temperature” are used herein to mean that the combustion reaction temperature is lower than that which would occur if undiluted or stoichiometric mixtures of fuel gas and air were burned instead of the mixtures containing fuel gas described herein.
  • the fuel gas is primary fuel gas which is discharged by way of the burner tube 34 and the remaining 40% to 10% is discharged into the furnace by way of the pipes 86 and 88.
  • the most preferred flow rate is about 80% primary and 20% secondary fuel gas flow.
  • the air passage 100 in the manifold block 38 is closed by assembly 102 whereby no air flows into the furnace space by way of the passage 28 in the burner tile 12 and all of the air is discharged into the furnace to which the burner 10 is attached by way of the burner tube 34.
  • regulated supplemental air can be allowed to enter the furnace by way of the passage 100.
  • the burner tube 34 is most conveniently and economically cast from a metal alloy that has a high resistance to damage in furnace environments.
  • the burner tube 34 can conveniently be threadedly removed and replaced, because the threaded connection between the exterior end 36 of the burner tube 34 and the manifold block 38 is positioned at the exterior end of the passageway 38 and remains relatively cool. As a result, the threaded connection does not fuse and become inoperable as is the case when it is positioned near the interior end of the passageway 28.
  • the arrangement whereby a portion of the manifold block 38 is disposed within the sleeve 46 and is selectively movable therein allows the position of the manifold block 38 to be adjusted whereby the interior discharge end of the burner tube 34 is positioned at a desired location with respect to the face 30 of the burner tile 12 while the pipes 86 and 88 are maintained in their desired position relative to the burner tube 34.
  • a burner apparatus 10 designed for a heat release of 293 kilowatts by burning natural gas having a caloric value of 45474 joules/m3 is fired into a furnace space.
  • Pressurized fuel gas is supplied to the burner 10 at a pressure of about 2.04 bar and at a rate of 2832 litres/hour.
  • An 80% portion of the total fuel gas (2266 litres/hour) flows into and through the assembly of the bell fitting 56, the manifold block 38 and burner tube 34 wherein it is mixed with air.
  • the remaining portion of the fuel gas i.e., 566 litres/hour, is discharged into the furnace space by way of the pipes 86 and 88.
  • the rate of air introduced into the assembly of the bell fitting 56, manifold block 38 and burner tube 34 is controlled by means of the valve 66 such that the total rate of air is 10% greater than the stoichiometric rate required for the total fuel.
  • the mixture of flue gases withdrawn from the furnace space 21 has a NO x content of less than about 25 ppm.
  • one or more orifices can be included within the passages of the manifold block 38 or other means can be utilized to proportion the fuel gas between the burner tube 34 and the pipes 86 and 88. Also, the burner tube 34 and the pipes 86 and 88 can be connected to separate flow rate regulated sources of fuel gas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP93300766A 1992-02-28 1993-02-03 Radiant gas burner Expired - Lifetime EP0558191B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/843,452 US5180302A (en) 1992-02-28 1992-02-28 Radiant gas burner and method
US843452 1992-02-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0558191A2 EP0558191A2 (en) 1993-09-01
EP0558191A3 EP0558191A3 (en) 1993-10-20
EP0558191B1 true EP0558191B1 (en) 1996-04-24

Family

ID=25290025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93300766A Expired - Lifetime EP0558191B1 (en) 1992-02-28 1993-02-03 Radiant gas burner

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5180302A (ru)
EP (1) EP0558191B1 (ru)
JP (1) JP2711058B2 (ru)
CA (1) CA2079136C (ru)
DE (1) DE69302301T2 (ru)
TW (1) TW234734B (ru)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5649820A (en) * 1995-05-05 1997-07-22 Callidus Technologies Flare burner
US5709541A (en) * 1995-06-26 1998-01-20 Selas Corporation Of America Method and apparatus for reducing NOx emissions in a gas burner
AU2001288877A1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-03-22 John Zink Company, L.L.C. High capacity/low nox radiant wall burner
US7153129B2 (en) * 2004-01-15 2006-12-26 John Zink Company, Llc Remote staged furnace burner configurations and methods
US7025590B2 (en) * 2004-01-15 2006-04-11 John Zink Company, Llc Remote staged radiant wall furnace burner configurations and methods
ES2729826T3 (es) * 2004-09-23 2019-11-06 Arc Medical Devices Inc Composiciones farmacéuticas y métodos relacionados para inhibir adherencias fibrosas o enfermedad inflamatoria usando fucanos con bajo contenido de sulfato
US7901204B2 (en) * 2006-01-24 2011-03-08 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Dual fuel gas-liquid burner
US8075305B2 (en) * 2006-01-24 2011-12-13 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Dual fuel gas-liquid burner
US7909601B2 (en) * 2006-01-24 2011-03-22 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Dual fuel gas-liquid burner
US7878798B2 (en) * 2006-06-14 2011-02-01 John Zink Company, Llc Coanda gas burner apparatus and methods
US8495783B2 (en) * 2006-10-06 2013-07-30 Haldor Topsoe A/S Method and apparatus for cleaning of a burner
US8408896B2 (en) 2007-07-25 2013-04-02 Lummus Technology Inc. Method, system and apparatus for firing control
US8703064B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2014-04-22 Wpt Llc Hydrocabon cracking furnace with steam addition to lower mono-nitrogen oxide emissions
DE102012108817A1 (de) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-20 Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Wärmestromdichte an den Wänden der Reaktionsrohre in einem Reformer
US10520221B2 (en) * 2015-04-06 2019-12-31 Carrier Corporation Refractory for heating system
US20170082286A1 (en) * 2015-09-18 2017-03-23 Robert R. Trimble High efficiency burner
US10982848B2 (en) 2018-05-21 2021-04-20 Carrier Corporation Baffle design for furnace burner box
US11754282B2 (en) * 2021-06-23 2023-09-12 Zeeco, Inc. Lean pre-mix radiant wall burner apparatus and method

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2667216A (en) * 1951-05-18 1954-01-26 Zink Radiant gas burner assembly
US2834407A (en) * 1956-01-31 1958-05-13 Quincy Syrian Baking Co Inc Burner for bakery ovens
US3180395A (en) * 1962-12-14 1965-04-27 Zink Co John Liquid and gaseous fuel burner assembly producing a fan-shaped flame
US3217779A (en) * 1963-07-18 1965-11-16 Zink Co John Gas and liquid fuel burner combination
US3639095A (en) * 1969-07-31 1972-02-01 Zink Co John Burner assembly producing radiant heat
US3684424A (en) * 1971-03-31 1972-08-15 John Smith Zink Noiseless radiant wall burner
DE7118179U (de) * 1971-05-10 1971-09-02 Mueller Bbn Gmbh Selbstansaugender brenner
US3940234A (en) * 1974-05-28 1976-02-24 John Zink Company Noiseless pms burner
US3907489A (en) * 1974-10-03 1975-09-23 Selas Corp Of America Noise suppressor for burner
US4125359A (en) * 1977-06-29 1978-11-14 Selas Corporation Of America Burner assembly
US4257762A (en) * 1978-09-05 1981-03-24 John Zink Company Multi-fuel gas burner using preheated forced draft air
EP0158414B1 (en) * 1984-03-19 1989-10-04 John Zink Company Even flow radiant burner tip
JPS63259852A (ja) * 1987-04-17 1988-10-26 Hitachi Ltd 薄板情報記録担体
GB8824575D0 (en) * 1988-10-20 1988-11-23 Airoil Flaregas Ltd Improvements in burner assemblies
GB8901252D0 (en) 1989-01-20 1989-03-15 Bendix Ltd Vehicle load-dependent brake force control apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH062817A (ja) 1994-01-11
TW234734B (ru) 1994-11-21
CA2079136A1 (en) 1993-08-29
DE69302301D1 (de) 1996-05-30
CA2079136C (en) 1998-07-28
JP2711058B2 (ja) 1998-02-10
DE69302301T2 (de) 1996-09-19
US5180302A (en) 1993-01-19
EP0558191A2 (en) 1993-09-01
EP0558191A3 (en) 1993-10-20

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