Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
  • C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D277/34—Oxygen atoms

Definitions

• This invention relates to certain novel compounds, to a process for preparing such compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and to the use of such compounds and compositions in medicine.
• European Patent Applications, Publication Numbers 0008203, 0139421, 0155845, 0177353, 0193256, 0207581 and 0208420 relate to thiazolidinedione derivatives which are disclosed as having hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity.
• Chem. Pharm. Bull 30 (10) 3580-3600 also relates to certain thiazolidinedione derivatives having hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activities.
• A-- represents an alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an aralkyl group wherein the alkylene or the aryl moiety may be substituted or unsubstituted
• A-2 represents a benzene ring having in total up to three optional substituents
• Rl represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an aralkyl group wherein the alkyl or the aryl moiety may be substituted or unsubstituted, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; or A-- together with R*** represents substituted or unsubstituted C2-3 polymethylene group, optional substituents for the polymethylene group being selected from alkyl or aryl or adjacent substituents together with the methylene carbon atoms to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group;
• R-2 and R-*** each represent hydrogen, or R ⁇ and R*-** together represent a bond
• X represents O or S; and n represents an integer in the range of from 2 to 6.
• A-- represents an aryl group
• the aryl group is suitably an unsubstituted aryl group.
• the aralkyl group is suitably an aralkyl group of formula aryl(CH2) ⁇ , wherein m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 1 or 2; preferably the aryl moiety is unsubstituted.
• A-- represents an alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an aralkyl group wherein the alkylene or the aryl moiety may be substituted or unsubstituted; and R* represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an aralkyl group wherein the alkyl or the aryl moiety may be substituted or unsubstituted, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group;
• A-- together with R-- represents substituted or unsubstituted C2-3 polymethylene group, optional substituents for the polymethylene group being selected from alkyl or aryl or adjacent substituents together with the methylene carbon atoms to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group;
• Favoured substituted or unsubstituted C2-3-polymethylene groups include substituted or unsubstituted ethylene groups.
• Suitable optional substituents for the C2-3-polymethylene group includes
• Optional substituents for the phenylene group are selected from: halogen, alkyl, phenyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy, amino, nitro, cyano, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxy and alkylcarbonyl groups.
• the phenylene group is unsubstituted.
• A-- examples include phenyl, benzyl and 2-phenylethyl.
• Rl examples include methyl, phenyl and 2-hydroxy-2-phenyl ethyl.
• substituted or unsubstituted C2-.3 polymethylene groups represented by A-- together with R**- include 1,2-phenylene and a moiety of formula:
• Suitable substituents for the moiety A 2 include halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy.
• A-2 represents a moiety of formula (a):
• R 4 and R ⁇ each independently represent hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy.
• R 4 and l ⁇ each independently represent hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy.
• R 4 and R*-*- each represent hydrogen.
• Rl represents hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, especially phenyl, acyl, especially acetyl, or benzyl.
• R represents a methyl group.
• ⁇ /- and ⁇ each represent hydrogen.
• X represents sulphur.
• X represents oxygen.
• n represents an integer 2, 3 or 4, notably 2 or 3 and especially 2.
• a compound of formula (I) may exist in one of several tautomeric forms, all of which are encompassed by the present invention. It will be appreciated that the present invention encompasses all of the isomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I) and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, including any stereoisomeric forms thereof, whether as individual isomers or as mixtures of isomers.
• 'aryl' or the term 'ar' as used for example in 'aralkyl' includes phenyl and naphthyl, preferably phenyl, optionally substituted with up to five, preferably up to three, groups selected from halogen, alkyl, phenyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy, amino, nitro, cyano, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkylcarbonyl groups.
• 'halogen' refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine; preferably chlorine.
• 'alkyl' (whether used alone or as part of other groups such as aralkyl) or 'alk' (as used for example in 'alkoxy') relate to alkyl groups having straight or branched carbon chains.containing up to 12 carbon atoms. Suitable alkyl groups are C -12 alkyl groups, especially CI ⁇ Q alkyl groups e.g. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl groups.
• Suitable optional substituents for any alkyl group include those mentioned hereinbefore in relation to aryl.
• acyl' includes alkylcarbonyl or arylcarbonyl groups.
• Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts include salts of the thiazolidinedione moiety, and, where appropriate, salts of carboxy groups.
• Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the thiazolidinedione moiety include metal salts especially alkali metal salts such as the lithium, sodium and potassium salts, for example a sodium salt.
• Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts of carboxy groups include metal salts, such as for example aluminium, alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium or magnesium and ammonium or substituted ammonium salts, for example those with lower alkylamines such as triethylamine, hydroxy alkylamines such as 2-hydroxyethylamine, bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amine or tri-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amine, cycloalkylamines such as bicyclohexylamine, or with procaine, dibenzylpiperidine, N-benzyl-b-phenethylamine, dehydroabietylamine, N,N'-bisdehydroabietylamine, glucamine, N-methylglucamine or bases of the pyridine type such as pyridine, collidine or quinoline.
• metal salts such as for example aluminium, alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium, alkaline earth
• Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable solvates include hydrates.
• the present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof, and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrate thereof, which process comprises reacting a compound of formula (II): wherein R 2 , R and A 2 are as defined in relation to formula (I), and R a is a moiety convertible to a moiety of formula (b):
• A--, H--, X and n are as defined in relation to formula (1), with an appropriate reagent capable of converting R a to the said moiety (b) and thereafter, if required, carrying out one or more of the following optional steps:
• R a suitably represents R* La HN-(CH2) n -X- wherein X and n are as defined in relation to formula (I) and Rla represents hydrogen, alkyl, acyl or aralkyl, wherein the alkyl or aryl moiety may be substituted or unsubstituted, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl.
• R a is Rl a HN-(CH2)n-X-.
• an appropriate reagent capable of converting R a into a moiety (b) is a compound of formula (HI):
• a ⁇ * is alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or aralkyl substituted or unsubstituted in the aryl moiety and l represents a leaving group.
• a suitable leaving group L- includes a halogen atom, preferably a chlorine or bromine atom, or an alkoxy group.
• reaction between the compound of formula (II) and the appropriate reagent may be carried out under conditions suitable to the particular compound of formula (II) and the reagent chosen; thus for example the abovementioned reaction between a compound of formula (II) wherein R a represents Rl a HN-(CH2) n -X- and the compound of formula (III), may be carried out in any suitable solvent, for example dimethylformamide, at an elevated temperature in the range of from 0 to 100°C, preferably 0 to 80°C for example 80°C; optionally in the presence of a suitable base, for example triethylamine.
• suitable solvent for example dimethylformamide
• R a represents -XH, wherein X is defined in relation to formula (I).
• R a represents a leaving group or atom, such as a halogen atom, preferably a fluorine atom.
• a particularly appropiate reagent is a compound of formula (IV);
• A* 1 , Rl, X and n are as defined in relation to formula (I) and L 2 represents a leaving group such as a mesyl or tosyl group.
• reaction between the compounds of formulae (II) and (IV) may be carried out in any suitable aprotic solvent, for example dimethylformamide, at any temperature providing a suitable rate of formation of the required product, conveniently at an elevated temperature, suitably in the range of from 60°C to 100°C for example 80°C; preferably the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, such as sodium hydride and in an inert atmosphere, for example nitrogen.
• a suitable aprotic solvent for example dimethylformamide
• a compound of formula (II) may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (V):
• a 2 is as defined in relation to formula (I) and R ⁇ represents R a or a protected form thereof, with 2,4-thiazolidinedione or a protected form thereof, and thereafter, if required, reducing a compound of formula (II) wherein R 2 together with R*-** represent a bond to give a compound of formula (II) wherein R 2 and B each represent hydrogen and/or removing any protecting group and/or converting one group R a into another group Ra.
• the reaction between the compound of formula (V) and 2,4-thiazolidinedione will of course be carried out under conditions suitable to the nature of the compound of formula (V), in general the reaction being carried out in a solvent such as toluene, suitably at an elevated temperature such as the reflux temperature of the solvent and preferably in the presence of a suitable catalyst such as piperidinium acetate or benzoate.
• a suitable catalyst such as piperidinium acetate or benzoate.
• the water produced in the reaction is removed from the reaction mixture, for example by means of a Dean and Stark apparatus.
• the piperidinium acetate or benzoate may be prepared in-situ from piperidine and either acetic add or benzoic acid.
• R ⁇ suitably represents a protected form of R a , for example a group R ⁇ X- where R c is a benzyl group.
• R a may be effected by any suitable procedure: for example a compound of foimula (ID wherein R a is Rl a HN-(CH2)n-X- -oaay be prepared from the corresponding compound of formula (ID wherein R a is -XH; thus the appropriate conversion may be carried out by coupling a compound of formula (HA):
• R 2 , R3, A 2 and X are as defined in relation to formula (I) and R-- is hydrogen or a nitrogen protecting group, with a compound of formula (VI):
• R- ⁇ a and n are as defined above and R e is hydrogen or a nitrogen protecting group, in the presence of a suitable coupling agent; and thereafter, if required, carrying out one or more of the following optional steps:
• a suitable coupling agent for the coupling reaction between the compound of formula (DA) and (VI) is provided by diethylazodicarboxylate and triphenylphosphine.
• the coupling reaction may be carried out in any suitable solvent at a low to medium temperature, for example in tetrahydrofuran at a temperature in the range of between 0 and 60°C.
• a compound of formula (IV) may be prepared by suitable conversion of a compound formula (VII):
• a compound of formula (VH) wherein A-- represents alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or an aralkyl group substituted or unsubstituted in the aryl or alkyl moiety and R-- represents Rla, as defined above, may be prepared by reacting a compound of the hereinbefore defined formula ( ⁇ with a compound of formula (VIII):
• Rla, X and n are as defined above.
• the reaction between the compounds of formulae (HI) and (VIH) may be carried out under conventional acylation conditions: the reaction is conveniently effected in a biphasic solvent system such as water/chloroform or in water only in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate, alternatively the reaction may be carried out in an inert solvent such as methylene dichloride in the presence of a base such as pyridine; the reaction proceeding at a temperature providing a convenient rate of formation of the required product, suitably at room temperature or lower, for example at 0°C.
• a biphasic solvent system such as water/chloroform or in water only in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate
• a base such as sodium carbonate
• the reaction may be carried out in an inert solvent such as methylene dichloride in the presence of a base such as pyridine
• the reaction proceeding at a temperature providing a convenient rate of formation of the required product, suitably at room temperature or lower, for example at 0°C.
• a compound of formula (VII) wherein A* 1 * together with Rl represents a substituted or unsubstituted C2-3-polymethylene group, as defined in relation to formula (I), may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula ( Q: 0
• Z represents the substituted or unsubstituted C2-.3- polymethylene group as defined in relation to formula (I), with a compound of formula (X):
• X and n are as defined in relation to formula (I), i ⁇ represents a leaving group, preferably a bromine atom, and * ⁇ represents hydrogen or a protecting group.
• reaction between compounds of formulae (IX) and (X) may be carried out in any suitable aprotic solvent, such as dimethylformamide, at any temperature providing a suitable rate of formation of the required product, suitably at a temperature in the range of from 0° to 100°c, for example 80°C and preferably in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate or sodium hydride.
• a suitable aprotic solvent such as dimethylformamide
• the compounds of formula (HI), (V) and (VHD are either known commercially available compounds or are prepared using methods analogous to those used to prepare known compounds, for example methods disclosed in Advanced Organic Chemistry, J. March, McGraw Hill or, especially for compounds of formula (m), Angew. Chemie, Int. Ed., Eng., 1987, p894.
• a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof, and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (XD:
• R 1 , A--, A 2 , X and n are as defined in relation to formula (I) with 2,4-thiazolidinedione; and thereafter if required carrying out one or more of the following optional steps:
• 2,4-thiazolidinedione will of course be carried out under conditions suitable to the nature of the compound of formula (XI), in general the reaction being carried out in a solvent such as toluene, suitably at an elevated temperature such as the reflux temperature of the solvent and preferably in the presence of a suitable catalyst such as piperidinium acetate or benzoate.
• a suitable catalyst such as piperidinium acetate or benzoate.
• the water produced in the reaction is removed from the reaction mixture, for example by means of a Dean and Stark apparatus.
• the piperidinium acetate or benzoate may be prepared in-situ from piperidine and either acetic add or benzoic add.
• a compound of formula (XL) may be prepared from a compound of formula (V), or a protected form thereof, wherein R* 3 represents R a , by reaction with an appropriate reagent capable of converting R a to the above defined moiety (b).
• Suitable values for R a in compound (V) indude those described above in relation to the compound of formula (II). Appropriate reagents are also described above in relation to formula (II).
• Suitable reaction conditions for the reaction of the compound of formula (V) and the appropriate reagent include those described above in relation to the preparation of compound (II) with the said appropriate reagent.
• Suitable protected forms of compounds of formula (V) indude those wherein the aldehyde group is protected.
• Suitable protecting groups are those used conventionally in the art. It has been found convenient to protect the aldehyde group by redudng it to a hydroxymethyl group, deprotection is conveniently effected by oxidation back to the aldehyde.
• Suitable redudng agents are conventional agents such as complex metal hydride reducing agents, such as lithium aluminium hydride.
• Suitable oxidising agents are conventional oxidising agents such as Mn- ⁇ 02-
• Rb in compound (V) may represent a leaving group or atom, espedally a fluorine atom; when R" represents a leaving group or atom, preferably a fluorine atom, a particularly appropriate reagent is a compound of the abovedefined formula (VH).
• reaction between the compounds of formulae (V) and (VH) may be carried out under any suitable conditions, for example in a solvent such as dimethylformamide or dimethylsulphoxide at an elevated temperature for example in the range of from 60 to 150°C, suitably in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride, sodium hydroxide or potassium carbonate and preferably in an inert atmosphere such as hydrogen.
• a solvent such as dimethylformamide or dimethylsulphoxide
• an elevated temperature for example in the range of from 60 to 150°C
• a base such as sodium hydride, sodium hydroxide or potassium carbonate
• an inert atmosphere such as hydrogen.
• the compounds of formula (V) wherein Rb is hydroxyl or fluorine are known compounds or compounds prepared by methods analogous to those used to prepare known compounds, for example 4-fluorobenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde are known commercially available compounds.
• the compounds of formula (V) wherein Rb is -SH are prepared according to methods disclosed in Beilstein 8.1.533.
• the abovementioned conversion of a compound of formula (I) into a further compound of formula (I) indudes the following conversions:
• a suitable reduction method for the abovementioned conversion (a) indudes catalytic reduction or the use of a metal/solvent redudng system.
• Suitable catalysts for use in the catalytic reduction are palladium on carbon catalysts, preferably a 10% palladium on charcoal catalyst; the reduction being carried out in a solvent, for example dioxan, suitably at ambient temperature and if required at an elevated pressure, for example 90 or 900 psi.
• Suitable metal/solvent redudng systems indude magnesium in methanol.
• suitable conversions of one group R! into another group Rl includes for example converting a group Rl which represents hydrogen into a group Rl which represents an alkyl group.
• the conversion of a compound of formula (I) wherein Rl represents hydrogen into a compound of formula (I) wherein Rl represents alkyl may be carried out using any appropriate conventional alkylation procedure, such as by treating an appropriately protected compound of formula (I) with an alkyl halide for example an alkyl iodide.
• conversion (c) is that wherein the moiety A1-0.C0.NR1- wherein Al represents alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or aralkyl as defined in relation to formula (I) and Rl is an aralkyl group having a hydroxy group substituent on the alkyl moiety, then the conversion provides a moiety of formula Al-0.CO.NR' wherein Al together with R represents a substituted C2.3 polymethylene group wherein substituents are selected from alkyl, aryl or aralkyl as defined in relation to formula (I); thus when Al is benzyl and Rl is Ph CH(0H)CH2-, the conversion provides 5-phenyl-2-oxazolidinon-3-yl; the conversion is effected by heating the appropriate compound of formula (I) in a solvent such as ethanol, in the presence of an add such as dilute hydrochloric add.
• a solvent such as ethanol
• Suitable protecting groups in any of the abovementioned reactions are those used conventionally in the art.
• a suitable nitrogen protecting group is a benzyl group or a benzyloxycarbonyl group or, esperially for the thiazolidinedione nitrogen, a trimethylsilyl group or an allyl group and a suitable hydroxyl protecting group is a benzyl group.
• an N- benzyl group may be prepared by treatment of the appropriate amine with a benzyl halide, such as benzyl bromide, and thereafter when required the benzyl group may be conveniently removed using catalytic hydrogenation.
• a benzyl halide such as benzyl bromide
• the present invention accordingly provides a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, for use as an active therapeutic substance.
• the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, for use in the treatment of and/or prophylaxis of hyperglycaemia.
• the present invention also provides a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, for use in the treatment and or prophylaxis of hyperlipidaemia.
• the present invention also provides a compound of formula (I) or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof for use in the treatment of hypertension, cardiovascular disease and certain eating disorders.
• a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof may be administered per ££ or, preferably, as a pharmaceutical composition also comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the general formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
• the term 'pharmaceutically acceptable embraces compounds, compositions and ingredients for both human and veterinary use: for example the term 'pharmaceutically acceptable salt' embraces a veterinarily acceptable salt.
• composition may, if desired, be in the form of a pack accompanied by written or printed instructions for use.
• compositions of the present invention will be adapted for oral administration, although compositions for administration by other routes, such as by injection and percutaneous absorption are also envisaged.
• compositions for oral administration are unit dosage forms such as tablets and capsules.
• Other fixed unit dosage forms, such as powders presented in sachets, may also be used.
• the carrier may comprise a diluent, filler, disintegrant, wetting agent, lubricant, colourant, flavourant or other conventional adjuvant.
• Typical carriers include, for example, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, sodium starch glycollate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulphate or sucrose.
• composition will be formulated in unit dose form.
• unit dose will normally contain an amount of the active ingredient in the range of from 0.1 to 1000 mg, more usually 0.1 to 500 mg, and more espe ⁇ ally 0.1 to 250 mg.
• the present invention further provides a method for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of hyperglycaemia in a human or non-human mammal which comprises administering an effective, non-toxic, amount of a compound of the general formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof to a hyperglycaemic human or non-human mammal in need thereof.
• the present invention further provides a method for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease or certain eating disorders in a human or non-human mammal, which comprises administering an effective, non-toxic, amount of a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, to a hyperlipidaemic human or non-human mammal in need thereof.
• the active ingredient may be administered as a pharmaceutical composition hereinbefore defined, and this forms a particular aspect of the present invention.
• the compound of the general formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof may be taken in doses, such as those described above, one to six times a day in a manner such that the total daily dose for a 70 kg adult will generally be in the range of from 0.1 to 6000 mg, and more usually about 1 to 1500 mg.
• the active ingredient may be adminstered by mouth, usually once or twice a day and in an amount in the range of from about 0.025 mg kg to 25 mg kg, for example 0.1 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg. Similar dosage regimens are suitable for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of hyperlipidaemia in non-human mammals.
• the dosages regimens for the treatment of hypertension, cardiovascular disease and eating disorders will generally be those mentioned above in relation to hyperglycaemia.
• the present invention provides the use of a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of hyperglycaemia.
• the present invention also provides the use of a compound of formula (I), or a tautomeric form thereof and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease or certain eating disorders.
• Phenyl chloroformate (20.4g; 16.3ml) was added to a mixture of 2-(N-methylamino)ethanol (12.0g; 13ml) dissolved in saturated sodium carbonate solution (200ml) with stirring and ice cooling. A further quantity of water (100ml) and chloroform (150ml) were added, and the biphasic mixture stirred for 3 hours at 0°C. The layers were separated, and the aqueous layer extracted with chloroform (300ml). The combined organic layers were washed with water (3x300ml) and brine (300ml), dried (MgS04) and evaporated. The title compound was obtained as an oil following chromatography on silica gel with 1.5% methanol in dichloromethane as solvent.
• Methanesulphonyl chloride (3.15g; 2.2ml) was added dropwise to a stirred, ice-cooled mixture of 2-(N-phenoxycarbonyl-N-methylamino)ethanol (4.89g) and triethylamine (3.05g; 4.2ml) in dichloromethane (100ml). The mixture was stirred at 0°C for 1.5 hours, then diluted with dichloromethane (100ml) and washed with water (3x200ml), brine (200ml), dried (MgSO ⁇ .) and evaporated. The title compound, an oil, was used without further purification.
• Benzyl chloroformate (22g; 18.4ml) was added slowly to a vigorously stirred, ice-cooled mixture of 2-(N-methylamino)ethanol (12.0g; 13ml) in saturated sodium carbonate solution (200ml). The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred for an additional 16.5 hours, before being diluted with water (500ml) and extracted with dichloromethane (3x250ml). The combined organic layers were washed with water and brine, dried (MgS ⁇ 4 and evaporated. The title compound, an oil, was used without further purification.
• Methanesulphonyl chloride (12.88g; 8.7ml) was added slowly to a stirred, ice-cooled solution of 2-(N-benzyloxycarbonyl-N-methylamino)ethanol (19.47g) in pyridine (200ml). The mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 minutes, then at room temperature overnight before being diluted with water (11) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3x300ml). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with water (3x300ml), brine C300ml), dried (MgS04) and evaporated. The title compound, an oil, was used without further purification.
• the title compound was prepared from 2-(N-(2-Phenylethoxy)carbonyl- N-methylamino)ethanol (5.57g) by a procedure analogous to that described for Procedure 2, and was used in the next stage without further purification.
• Benzyl chloroformate (14.3g, 12ml) was added dropwise to a vigorously stirred mixture of 4-[2-N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)aminoethoxy]benzyl alcohol (8.0g), sodium hydroxide solution (10% w/v, 125ml) and dichloromethane (200ml). After stirring for 30 minutes the phases were separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (100ml), and the combined organic layers were washed with water (2x100ml), brine (2x100ml), dried (MgS04) and evaporated. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel with 4% methanol in dichloromethane as solvent to yield the title compound as a gum.
• the title compound m.p. 124-6°C, was prepared from phenyl chloroformate (15.66g; 12.5ml) and 2-(N-phenylamino)ethanol (13.72g; 12.6ml) by a procedure analogous to that described in Procedure 1, and was used without further purification.
• the title compound was prepared from 2-(N-Phenoxycarbonyl-N- phenylamino)ethanol (5.14g) by a method analogous to that described in Procedure 2, and was purified by chromatography on silica gel with 1.5% methanol in dichloromethane as solvent. The resulting oil was used directly in the next stage.
• mice C57bl/6 obese (ob/ob) mice were fed on powdered oxoid diet. After at least one week, the mice continued on a powdered oxoid diet or were fed powdered oxoid diet containing the test compound. After 8 days on the supplemented diet all of the mice were fasted for 5 hours prior to receiving an oral load of glucose (3 g/kg). Blood samples for glucose analysis were taken 0, 45, 90 and 135 minutes after glucose administration and the results appear below as the percentage reduction in area under the blood glucose curve where test compound treated groups are compared with the control groups. 7 mice were used for each treatment.

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• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Endocrinology (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

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• 1990
  • 1990-10-30 GB GB909023583A patent/GB9023583D0/en active Pending
• 1991
  • 1991-10-18 WO PCT/GB1991/001834 patent/WO1992007838A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-10-18 AU AU87347/91A patent/AU8734791A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-10-18 JP JP3516912A patent/JPH06502145A/ja active Pending
  • 1991-10-18 EP EP91918092A patent/EP0555251A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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