EP0550882B1 - Fixing device for a building-wall covering - Google Patents

Abstract

A building-wall cladding is formed by cladding elements (2) which butt against one another along their longitudinal edges (3, 4). Serving to fasten the cladding elements (2) are retaining rails (5), which are to be fastened on the building wall (1) and run, in the use position, between the building wall (1) and the cladding elements (2), transversely to the longitudinal edges (3, 4) thereof, and retaining clamps (6) which can be fixed on the retaining rails (5) such that they can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the rails and which thus rest on the facing longitudinal edge (3) of the respective cladding element (2), with the result that the cladding element (2) is held on the respective retaining rail (5). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a building wall cladding with cladding elements such as plates, cassettes, panels or the like which abut one another along their longitudinal edges in the position of use, to be fastened to the building wall and, in the position of use, between the building wall and the cladding elements which run transversely to their longitudinal edges and which hold a U- have a similar cross-section with retaining rail legs protruding from a retaining rail web, and can be fixed on the retaining rails in an adjustable manner in the longitudinal direction of the rails and thereby come to rest on the facing longitudinal edge of the respective cladding element and hold the cladding element on the respective retaining rail.

When using, the holding rails are first attached to the building wall. Then you put the respective cladding element against the rail in question and place a retaining clip on the retaining rail, after which you slide the retaining clip against the cladding element, so that the retaining clip forms a stop in the wall plane for the local fixing of the cladding element and simultaneously the cladding element the rail holds. In this way, you get one of nails or the like. Fastening elements independent assembly, the respective cladding element being held firmly by the relevant retaining clip against the cladding element already mounted on the side opposite the retaining clip, so that no joints or the like. may occur.

Known devices of the type mentioned at the outset (for example DE-A-21 06 990) are intended for interior wall cladding, However, they can also be used on the outside of the building wall. In the latter case, however, the following is disadvantageous:

In the case of external facades, the cladding elements are used regularly for thermal insulation, so that they are designed as thermal insulation cladding elements and can consist of heat-insulating material for this purpose. If such cladding elements are fastened to the building wall via holding rails, they are at a distance from the building wall which corresponds to the rail thickness. This creates air spaces between the building wall and the covering that covers it, which are bad for thermal insulation. Further critical points for heat protection are the holding rails themselves, which are relatively stiff and can extend like bridges over uneven walls, so that air spaces can also be present here.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a building wall cladding of the type mentioned at the outset which, while maintaining the advantages of simple assembly, fast working and a secure hold of the cladding elements, improves the thermal insulation.

This object is achieved in that the holding rails with their web facing the cladding elements in the position of use and the holding clips on the holding rail web can be fixed in that the holding rails have a U-shaped cross-section and projecting on their building wall side soft elastic filler, in particular made of foam and that the cladding elements are provided with a soft foam layer surrounding the respective holding rail in the position of use and lying on both sides of the holding rail against the building wall.

The soft foam layer of the cladding elements thus completely fills the space that has existed between the building wall and cladding elements and, due to its flexible properties, adapts to the respective mounting rail and to unevenness in the building wall. The same applies to the filler body of the holding rails, so that you get a whole building wall system and thus full thermal insulation without any air space. The filler body has a relatively large thickness since it is not placed on the holding rail, but instead fills its U cross section, and is therefore particularly effective in terms of thermal protection.

In all of this, the simple and quick assembly and the secure hold of the cladding elements are retained.

From FR-A-2 589 904 it is known per se to place an insulating soft foam layer on plates forming continuous ribs, so that the soft foam layer surrounds the ribs. However, this is not a building wall covering, but a wall to be attached to the building skeleton. Accordingly, there are no comparable holding rails and holding clips.

Fig. 1

eine Halteschiene der erfindungsgemäßen Gebäudewandverkleidung in Vorderansicht in Teildarstellung, wobei ein an der Schiene gehaltenes Verkleidungselement strichpunktiert angedeutet ist,

Fig. 2

die Anordnung nach Fig. 1 in Schrägansicht, wobei die Halterung des Verkleidungselementes detaillierter als in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist,

Fig. 3

die Anordnung nach Fig. 2 im in Schienen-Längsrichtung verlaufenden, rechtwinkelig zur Gebäudewand gelegten Längsschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie III-III in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

die an der Halteschiene angehängte Halteklammer im Querschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie IV-IV in Fig. 3, wobei die Schiene nur teilweise dargestellt ist, und

Fig. 5

eine Halteklammer in Einzeldarstellung in Schrägansicht.

An embodiment of the invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

4 shows a holding rail of the building wall covering according to the invention in a partial view from the front, a cladding element held on the rail being indicated by dash-dotted lines,

Fig. 2

1 in an oblique view, wherein the bracket of the trim element is shown in more detail than in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

2 in a longitudinal section running in the longitudinal direction of the rails and at right angles to the building wall according to the section line III-III in FIG. 2,

Fig. 4

the holding clip attached to the holding rail in cross section according to the section line IV-IV in Fig. 3, the rail is only partially shown, and

Fig. 5

a retaining clip in individual view in an oblique view.

A building wall 1, in particular its outer facade, is to be clad with cladding elements 2 having a rectangular outline. The cladding elements 2 are plates, cassettes, panels or the like. Molded parts that consist of heat-insulating material or have a heat-insulating core made of them. The cladding elements 2, of which only one is shown, are fastened to the building wall 1 in such a way that they abut one another with their longitudinal edges. Each cladding element thus has two mutually opposite, parallel longitudinal edges 3, 4, so that when the wall cladding is mounted, the longitudinal edge 3 of the cladding element following the element shown in FIG. 2 on the right-hand side is adjacent to the longitudinal edge 4 of the cladding element shown.

In order to attach the cladding elements 2 to the building wall 1, retaining rails 5 and retaining clips 6 are provided. The holding rails 5 (only a partial longitudinal region of such a rail is shown in the drawing) have any length and can be attached to one another in their longitudinal direction or cut to a shorter length. The each holding rail 5 in the direction transverse to the longitudinal edges 3, 4 of the cladding elements 2 fastened to the building wall 1, which can be done with the aid of nails or screws. For this purpose, the holding rail has nail holes 7 and / or screw holes 8 which, as in the exemplary embodiment, can be arranged in rows in the longitudinal direction of the rail, it being possible to provide a plurality of parallel rows in each case. The cladding elements 2 which are subsequently placed on the holding rails 5 thus fastened are held in place by means of the holding clips 6.

The holding clips 6 can be fixed on the holding rails 5 so as to be adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the rail and come to rest on the facing longitudinal edge 3 of the respective cladding element 2, so that the cladding element 2 is held on the respective holding rail 5. The holding clip 6 can thus be brought into engagement with the holding rail 5 at a distance from the longitudinal edge 3, after which it is displaced in the direction of arrow 9 towards the trim element 2 until it engages the latter. Since the retaining clip 6 is pushed against the facing longitudinal edge 3 of the cladding element, the cladding element 2 is pressed against the cladding element already mounted on the other side and at the same time also held on the holding rail 5.

The holding clips 6 can be hung on the holding rails 5 and have a latching section 10 which, in the suspended state, has at least one formed on the respective holding rail Row of notches is assigned and adjacent. Appropriately, there are two such rows of pegs 11, 12 with successive pegs 13 and 14, respectively. The assignment is such that the inserted retaining clip 6 with its latching part 10 of the row of pegs 11, 12 can be pushed along and against the longitudinal edge 3 of the trim element 2 the catches 13, 14 are held in their position of use lying against the cladding element.

Each row of catches 11, 12 is formed on a longitudinal edge 15 and 16, respectively, of a holding rail longitudinal slot 17 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the rail. In principle, only one of the longitudinal slot longitudinal edges could be provided with a row of catches, however, because of the secure hold in the position of use and a uniform force absorption, it is advantageous that both longitudinal slot longitudinal edges 15, 16 each have a row of catches 11, 12.

The rows of catches 11, 12 should extend over the entire length of the rail so that the holding clips can be attached at any point on the holding rails and then pushed against the relevant cladding element. However, a single longitudinal slot slot extending over the length of the rail would pose stability problems. Therefore, in the practical embodiment, there are two parallel rows 18, 19 of longitudinal slots 17 which follow one another at a distance (for reasons of clarity, reference number 17 has been entered only for some of the longitudinal slots), the longitudinal slot rows 18, 19 being longitudinally offset from one another to bridge the longitudinal slot distance are arranged. Each of these longitudinal slots 17 has the two rows of catches 11, 12, so that a longitudinal slot area suitable for attaching the respective retaining clip is present at each point on the holding rail. As shown, the screw holes 8 or corresponding nail holes can be arranged between the individual longitudinal slots 17 of the respective longitudinal slot row 18 or 19. The rows of nail holes 7 also shown extend next to and between the rows of longitudinal slots 18, 19.

It goes without saying that, if necessary, more than two rows of longitudinal slots 18, 19 can also be provided.

Each row of pegs 11, 12 is expediently or the like from a row of ratchet teeth forming the pegs 13, 14. Formed locking projections, which can be integrally formed on the respective holding rail. In the case shown, there are rows of locking teeth similar to a rack. For the sake of clarity, the locking teeth are drawn a little wider than in reality. The distance between the individual notches 13 and 14 within each row of notches must be greater than the latching section 10 of the retaining clips is thick, so that the latching section fits into the space between two notches 13 and 14.

The holding rail 5 is a sheet metal stamping and bending part. The longitudinal slots 17 are punched out in such a way that the rows of catches 11, 12 on their longitudinal edges 15, 16 are at the same time arise. However, the material areas corresponding to the longitudinal slots 17 are not completely cut but only along the longitudinal edges 15, 16 of the longitudinal slots, so that they are still integrally connected to the remaining rail material at the longitudinal slot ends. The longitudinal slots are obtained by bending the mentioned material areas away from the longitudinal slot plane after making the cuts corresponding to the longitudinal edges 15, 16, so that they form a web 20 bridging the respective longitudinal slot 17 in the longitudinal direction. The webs 20 are bent out toward the rail side which faces the building wall 1 in the position of use. They increase the rail stability and, in the event of a foaming of the holding rail (to be described later), prevent the longitudinal slots from clogging.

The holding rails 5 have a U-like cross section with legs 21, 22 directed towards the building wall 1 in the position of use. This measure also serves to increase the rail stability. In addition, the longitudinal slots 17 get a distance from the building wall in this way, so that there is enough space for hanging the retaining clips 6.

Another expedient measure is that the rail side facing the building wall in the position of use is provided with a dash-dotted filler 23 which expediently, as shown, protrudes on the side of the building wall, so that the holding rail abuts against this filler on the building wall. For the filler 23 a heat-insulating material, in particular foam, is provided as the production material. The filler body is expediently soft and elastic, so that its side projecting from the rail can lie close to the building wall regardless of unevenness in the wall, so that no cavities impairing the thermal insulation can arise here. If, as in the preferred exemplary embodiment, the rail has a U-like cross section, the body 23 fills the entire cross section. If the foam is foamed, the bent webs 20 prevent the foam from penetrating into the longitudinal slots 17.

As already mentioned, the retaining clips 6 are locked with their locking section 10 with the locking rows 11, 12 of the respective retaining rail longitudinal slot 17. On one side of this latching section 10, the retaining clips 6 have a rear engagement portion 24 which is inserted through the retaining rail longitudinal slot 17 during assembly in an inclined position, so that it is then in the suspended state when it is pivoted back into its position parallel to the retaining rail Reaches behind the support rail. The rear gripping section 24 thus has a width a which is larger with respect to the width b of the holding rail longitudinal slot, so that after it has been hooked in, its outer edge regions come to lie under the longitudinal edges 15, 16 of the respective longitudinal slot 17, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 can be seen. Thus, the holding clip 6 is secured against falling out of the holding rail 5.

On the other side of the latching section 10, the holding clip 6 has a holding section 25 which protrudes in front of the holding rail 5 in the position of use and comes into contact with the cladding element 2. Furthermore, the arrangement in this context is such that the width dimension c of the latching section 10, which is parallel to the longitudinal slot width b in the position of use, is greater than the longitudinal slot width at the points of the tips of the latches 13, 14. On both sides of the latching section 10, the retaining clip 6 is wider than the latching portion width c, so that the retaining clip cannot move to or away from the building wall to an undesirable extent in the suspended state.

As already mentioned, the rear grip portion 24 is inserted through the respective longitudinal slot in an inclined position. This takes place at a distance from the cladding element 2 to be defined. If the retaining clip 6 is then pushed forward to the cladding element 2, the latching part 10 rattles over the two rows of catches 11, 12 until shortly before reaching the cladding element, for which purpose the retaining clip can be inclined. If the holding clip with its holding part 25 has reached the longitudinal edge 3 of the cladding element 2, one has to press again against the holding clip so that its latching part 10 snaps firmly into place and the holding part 25 lies flat against the longitudinal edge 3. This pressing into the end position takes place with elastic dodging or plastic dodging with an elastic portion of either the relevant catches 13, 14 or the rest section 10. Any plastic deformation that may occur does not disturb, since one is the one that has been produced No longer wants to disconnect.

The holding clip 6 shown has cutouts 26, 27 extending from the edge of the clip to form the latching section 10. The longitudinal edges 15, 16 of the rail longitudinal slots 17 fit into these cutouts 26, 27. The distance between the two cutouts 26, 27 corresponds to the locking section width c.

In Fig. 5 is indicated by dash-dotted lines that in addition to the latching section 10, there may be another latching section 10 'with a different width c', which in turn can be limited by corresponding edge cutouts 26 'and 27'. This latching section 10 ', the width c' of which is greater than the width c of the other latching section 27, can be used if the longitudinal edge 3 of the cladding element 2 does not run exactly at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the rail, so that the latching section 10 'follows the course of the longitudinal edge 3 correspondingly lies somewhat obliquely in the longitudinal slot 17 of the rail.

The retaining clips 6 can be produced particularly cheaply if they consist of flat material, in particular of sheet metal, the flat material being such that the width dimension c of the latching portion 10 is in the surface of the flat material. The holding clips 6 are formed by an angled strip of material.

In the preferred exemplary embodiment, the rear grip portion 24 represents an end piece 28 directed in the position of use parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail, from which a holding part leg 29 stands up in an L-like manner, which with its end piece 28 facing end region forms the locking portion 10.
In the exemplary embodiment, the end piece 28 forming the rear gripping portion 24 extends from the latching portion 10 in the use position in the direction away from the trim element longitudinal edge 3. The holding part leg 29 can, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, rest on the longitudinal edge 3 of the cladding element.

The cladding elements 2 are formed on their longitudinal edges 3 and 4 so that they can be inserted into one another with their longitudinal edges in the manner of a tongue and groove connection.
For this purpose, the one longitudinal edge 3 has a plug-in groove 30 and the other longitudinal edge 4 has a plug-in projection 31 which fits into the plug-in groove 30. In such a case, the retaining clips 6 can engage in the facing slot 30 of the respective cladding element 2 and hold the slot cheek 32 delimiting the slot 30 towards the building wall 1 against the retaining rail 5. For this purpose, the holding part 25 is angled in a step-like manner and contains the leg 29 upstream of the end face of the groove cheek 32 belonging to the longitudinal edge 3 and facing the rear engaging part 24, as well as a leg 33 following this L-like and engaging along the insertion groove 30 of the groove cheek 32. The arrangement is such that, in the position of use, the groove cheek 32 is, as it were, clamped between this leg 33 and the holding rail 5. In this context, it is expedient that the angle α between the front leg 29 and the groove cheek side leg 33 is less than 90 °, so that the holding part 25 with elastic expansion of the angle α can be pushed onto the groove cheek 32.
In the position of use, the leg 33 then presses against the groove cheek 32 with a correspondingly large elastic force.

The leg 33 running along the groove cheek 32 can be followed by an L-like angled leg 35, which comes to rest against the groove base 34.

A variant is indicated in FIG. 3 that the holding part 25, expediently its leg 35 on the groove base, can have anchoring projections 36 penetrating into the material of the cladding element 2. The anchoring projections 36 can simply be bent out of the retaining clip material.

The holding part 25 of the holding clips is so thin-walled and has such a course that the tight plugging together of the cladding elements is not hindered. This can also be achieved by an adapted cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal edges 3, 4.

As already mentioned, the trim elements 2 preferably consist of heat-insulating material, in particular essentially of a foam such as polyurethane with a brittle consistency. In order to avoid that 5 air spaces arise between the building wall and the cladding elements in the plane of the holding rails, the cladding elements can be used provided on its side facing the building wall with a soft foam layer 37 indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 2, into which the holding rail 5 in question is pressed, so that it envelops it and is pressed against the building wall 1 on both sides of the rail. In this way, the soft foam layer not only fills the distance between the building wall and the cladding elements, but at the same time also adapts to wall unevenness, so that together with the filler 23 of the holding rails, a whole-area building wall system and thus, as it were, full thermal insulation without any air gap is obtained.

Claims (19)

1. Cladding for building walls with mounting rails (5) for fastening to the building wall (1) cladding elements (2) such as slabs, cassettes, panels or the like, abutting one another along their longitudinal edges (3, 4) in the position of use, these mounting rails running in the position of use between the building wall (1) and the cladding elements (2) at right-angles to their longitudinal edges (3, 4) and having a U-shaped cross-section with mounting rail legs (21, 22) extending from a mounting rail web, and with retaining brackets (6) attachable to the mounting rails (5) and adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the rail, and at the same time engaging with the facing longitudinal edge (3) of the respective cladding element (2) and holding the cladding element (2) to the respective mounting rail (5), characterized in that the mounting rails (5) can be fixed in the position of use with their web facing the cladding elements (2) and the retaining brackets (6) on the mounting rail web, that the mounting rails (5) have a flexible elastic filling body (23), in particular of foam, filling their U cross-section and projecting at their building wall side, and that the cladding elements (2) are provided with a flexible foam layer (37) wrapping around the mounting rail (5) concerned and in contact with the building wall (1) on either side of the mounting rail (5) in the position of use.
2. Cladding for building walls according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining brackets (6) have a locating section (10) and the mounting rails one or more rows of notches (13, 14), with the retaining brackets (6) being suspendible in the mounting rails (5) and in the suspended state able to be slid along the row of notches (11, 12) with their locating section (10), and able to be locked by the locating section (11, 12) on reaching their position of use in contact with the cladding element (2) concerned.
3. Cladding for building walls according to claim 2, characterized in that each row of notches (11, 12) is formed on a longitudinal edge (15, 16) of a mounting rail longitudinal slot (17) extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail.
4. Cladding for building walls according to claim 3, characterized in that both longitudinal edges of the longitudinal slot (15, 16) have a row of notches (11, 12).
5. Cladding for building walls according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the mounting rails (5) have at least two parallel rows (18, 19) of longitudinal slots (17) placed at intervals, with the rows of longitudinal slots (18, 19) offset longitudinally to bridge the longitudinal slot interval.
6. Cladding for building walls according to any of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that each row of notches (11, 12) is formed of a row of locating teeth or similar locating projections.
7. Cladding for building walls according to claim 6, characterized in that the locating teeth or similar locating projections are moulded integrally as part of the respective mounting rail (5).
8. Cladding for building walls according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the mounting rails (5) are sheet metal stamped and bent parts.
9. Cladding for building walls according to any of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the retaining brackets (6) have on one side of the locating section (10) for suspending on the mounting rail (5), while inserting through the longitudinal slot (17) provided with one or more rows of notches (11, 12), a rear-engaging section (24) engaging the mounting rail (5) from behind in the suspended state, and on the other side of the locating section (10) a mounting section (25) extending in front of the mounting rail (5) and making contact with the cladding element (2) in the position of use, while the width c of the locating section (10) aligned parallel to the longitudinal slot width b in the position of use is greater than the width of the longitudinal slot at the notch tips.
10. Cladding for building walls according to claim 9, characterized in that several locating sections (10, 10') of varying width (c, c') are arranged adjacent to one another.
11. Cladding for building walls according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the retaining brackets have sections (26, 27) extending from the bracket edge to form one or more of the locating sections (10).
12. Cladding for building walls according to any of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the retaining brackets (6) are of flat material, in particular sheet metal, with the width (c) of the locating section (10) lying in the surface of the flat material.
13. Cladding for building walls according to claim 12, characterized in that the retaining brackets are formed of a bent strip of material.
14. Cladding for building walls according to any of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the rear-engaging section (24) is formed of an end piece (28) aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail in the position of use, and from which a retaining section leg (29) stands up in the shape of an L, forming the locking section (10) with its end section facing the end piece (28).
15. Cladding for building walls according to any of claims 1 to 14, for cladding elements with an insertion slot on one longitudinal edge and a plug connection on the other longitudinal edge, so that the cladding elements can be inserted into one another at their longitudinal edges, characterized in that the retaining brackets (6) in their position of use engage in the facing insertion slot (30) of the respective cladding element (2) and hold the slot side (32) facing the building wall against the mounting rail (5).
16. Cladding for building walls according to claim 15, characterized in that the retaining section (25) has a stepped, bent shape with one leg (29) facing the rear-engaging section (24) and mounted in front of the end face of the slot side (32), and one leg (33) following the other in an L-shape, engaging in the insertion slot (30) along the slot side (32).
17. Cladding for building walls according to claim 16, characterized in that the angle (α) between the end face side leg and the slot side leg (29, 33) is less than 90° so that, under elastic expansion of the angle (α), the retaining section (25) can be slid on to the slot side (32).
18. Cladding for building walls according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that a leg (35) bent in L-shape, on the slot base side, making contact with the slot base (34) of the insertion slot (30), follows the leg (33) running along the slot side (32).
19. Cladding for building walls according to any of claims 9 to 10, characterized in that the retaining section (25), expediently its leg (35) on the slot base side, has anchorage projections (36) penetrating the material of the cladding element (2).

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