EP0549768B1

EP0549768B1 - Machine for cleaning gratings by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weirs

Info

Publication number: EP0549768B1
Application number: EP92915499A
Authority: EP
Inventors: José Luis Ctra. Castellon GIMENEZ GARCES
Original assignee: TAIM-TFG SA
Current assignee: TAIM-TFG SA
Priority date: 1991-07-19
Filing date: 1992-07-17
Publication date: 1996-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2012-07-17
Also published as: FI931210A; DE69210577D1; WO1993002255A1; ES2046082B1; ATE137832T1; FI931210A0; ES2046082A1; EP0549768A1; CA2091901A1

Abstract

Machine for cleaning gratings for hydraulic weirs, comprising an oscillating arm (3) which oscillates at a pivoting point (2), and a double-acting cylinder (9) intended to position the oscillating arm (3). The above mentionned arm bears, in its interior, a carriage (5) carting the blade (11), which slides by means of wheels (6) rolling on two rails (4), this arrangement making possible the access to any point of the grating for cleaning purposes, owing to the above-mentioned sliding of the carriage (5) inside the arm (3) and also to the displacement of the machine along the weir by means of the rails or guides on which may slide the rollers integral with the base of the machine. <IMAGE>

Description

The present description relates, as indicated in the title, to a machine for cleaning gratings by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weirs of the type used for cleaning dirt which is deposited on the gratings of hydraulic weirs, essentially when the flow of the water is utilized for electric power stations.
The mechanisms known in general consist of a machine mounted on a chasis which has a roller system in order to move the machine mounted thereon along the weir by means of rails or guides fixed on the ground. This type of machines incorporate a spoon with an opening system by means of cable which moves along the grating being open when going down and closed when going up.
Also the aforesaid machines usually have a crane jib or crane arm provided with hinges fixed on a guideable base having at their trapping end a pair of clamps capable of trapping voluminous bodies and large size trunks which the spoon or the shovel cannnot take out of the water surface; Said machines are handled by an operator which has to be ready at all times to maintain the appropriate cleanness of the water which, as mentioned before, is used to move the turbines of electric power stations.
Another known mechanism consists of a system based on a fixed comb which covers the entire width of the weir going up and down by means of two toothed bars activated by an external electric motor.
Another known system comprises a machine which has a hackle, shovel or the like fixed at the lower end of an arm and that operates by elevating the entire said arm.
Some of the mechanisms or machines described above comprise a transporter which removes the dirt which has been taken out, said transporter being situated in the lower part of the machine, generally on the ground or very close thereto, and the movement of the dirt towards the transporter is limited by an opening such as a window; when the system does not include a transporter, the spoon deposits the dirt on the ground which will then have to be removed manually.
The mechanisms which incorporate a spoon sliding over the grating present the inconvenience that since the spoon moves down very close to the mentioned grating, it cannot clear out trunks or large dimension floating bodies, and even if they manage to trap any of said bodies in the ascending movement, they will not be able to evacuate them since the pass-way through which the dirt is taken out is limited by means of an opening such as a window.
The system for cleaning gratings by a fixed comb has the inconvenience that by sliding very close to the gratings, it cannot trap objects of large volume or trunks of considerable dimensions, having in addition the inconvenience that their use is limited to weirs of small dimensions as for width and height.
The machines which have a hackle or shovel fixed at the end of an arm which arm being raised entirely in order to take out the dirt accumulated in the gratings, present the inconvenience that, in the case of weirs of a considerable depth, the arm turns out to be excessively long, and also if it takes out a body of large dimensions or voluminous trunks and branches, these materials cannot be evacuated since the pass-way through which they are taken out is limited by an opening such as a window in the same ,manner as that of other machines.
A machine of the type of the present invention is known from FR-A-2302387 which discloses a machine for cleaning gratings by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weirs which includes a single arm rotatably and vertically moveable around a horizontal axis by means of a double-acting cylinder, said arm having a hackle (2) which is moveable by means of wheels along said arm, the movement of said hackle being carried out by means of a cable.
The oscillating arm of this known machine presents a rigid metalic bar having rail on both sides over which said wheels are moved.
According to said prior art, the pivoting point over which said arm rotates is placed over an interior supporting structure comprising an arm aided by a column, said supporting structure is substantially at the same level where the collected objects from the weir are evacuated into a canal provided beneath the supporting structure of said oscillating arm (2).
This arrangement may cause difficulties in evacuation operations in cases where objects of large dimensions are being evacuated.
Additionaly, according to the structural features of said machine, no measures have been provided for protecting the mechanisms, which are used for moving said hackle, against the deposition of objects floating in the water over said mechanisms.
In order to overcome said inconveniences a cleaner for gratings is proposed by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weirs as the object of the present invention, which comprises an arm oscillating over a pivoting point, and rails disposed thereof which permit the displacement of a carriage provided with rollers and having support base on which a shovel or a hackle is fixed which can take out the dirt trapped on the gratings either at the bottom or on the surface of the water even though there are bodies, trunks and branches of considerable dimensions since there are no obligatory pass-way or window between the shovel when unloading and the transporter which removes the collected dirt.
The shovel or hackle which is fixed with the wheeled carriage, is displaced with respect to the oscillating arm by means of a dragging chain which is activated by a hydraulic motor.
The oscillating arm according to the present invention has "U"-shapad profile within which the moving mechanisms of the shovel or spoon are located.
Furthermore, the position in which the shovel or spoon evacuates the collected objects is at a higher level that the pivoting point of said oscillating arm.
The machine for cleaning gratings by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weirs hereby proposed has advantage over all of the known systems in that in the descending movement of the spoon, the guiding arm being oscillatory, moves sufficiently away from the grating by the action of a hydraulic cylinder, so that in the phase of approaching the bottom of the grating it can collect the dirt deposited at said bottom.
Another advantage offered by the present invention is that the structure of the machine avoids the need for forming an obligatory pass-way towards the transporter at the moment that the spoon is taking the dirt out, which dirt may be composed of small parts as well as large bodies and trunks of considerable dimensions.
Another economic advantage of this invention is that a complementary crane arm which other cleaning systems for gratings have to install in order to be able to take out the already mentioned large bodies and considerable size trunks, is eliminated.
Another advantage in relation to this invention is that the control of mechanisms by means of a hydraulic center may be carried out either manually or automatically so that the operator of the system may combine the tasks of cleaning with other duties.
Another advantage of the proposed machine for cleaning gratings consists of its capability of cleaning any type of weir and of any depth since its oscillatory arm permits access to any point of the gratings even if said gratings have irregular forms.
An object of the present invention is to provide a machine in which the shape of the oscillating arm of the same provides protection for the movement mechanisms of its spoon against deposition of objects floating in water on to said mechanisms.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a machine in which the evacuation is carried out at a point substantially higher than the pivoting point of the oscillating arm so that the spoon can be tilted down in order to perform a more complete evacuation.
Another object of the present invention is that said evacuation is carried out at a point where no obstacle is present for evacuation of objects of large dimension.
The object of the present invention will be better understood by representing through the accompanying drawings a prefered embodiment of the same in which:
Figure 1 shows a side elevation view of the machine for cleaning gratings with the oscillatory arm situated in extreme positions.
Figure 2 shows a side elevation view with the oscillatory arm in stand still or maintenance position.
Figure 3 shows an enlarged detail with the spoon in the position of tilting the dirt onto the transporter.
Figure 4 shows an alternative for the situation of the transporter.
Figure 5 shows a front view of the oscillatory arm and the mechanism of displacement thereof.
Figure 6 shows a detail of the cross-section of the oscillatory arm.
The machine for cleaning gratings by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weirs, object of the present invention includes, as it can be observed in the mentioned figures, a machine (1) which through a rotation axis (2) comprises an oscillatory arm (3) having the shape of "U" inside of which a plurality of guides (4) are located which permit the movement of the carriage (5) by means of wheels (6), said movement being transmitted to the carriage (5) by means of chain (7) which is activated by means of a hydraulic motor (8) situated at the exterior end of the oscillatory arm (3) which adopts the positions of oscillation by means of a double-acting cylinder (9) secured to the structure of the machine (1).
The carriage (5) securely supports an arm (10) that at one end of which oppossite to the carriage (5) comprises securely a spoon or shovel (11) which upon its raising movement close to the grating (12) takes out the accumulated dirt; and by means of a tilting movement of the mentioned spoon (11), upon reaching to the point (14) at a level substantially higher than that of the pivoting point of the rotation axis (2), the dirt is emptied on to the transporter (13) which then evacuates the dirt towards one side of the weir.
The pivoting point (2) is located at an end portion of the supporting structure of machine (1) in such a manner that it is only upwardly fixed to said supporting structure, without any inferior supporting bodies. This arrangement provides that no obstacles are present on the way of the spoon (11) during the evacuation process.
The displacement of the machine (1) along the weir is carried out by means of guides or railes (15) over which wheels (16) are moveable. All the movements of the system may be controlled either manually by an operator or automatically by means of a preestablished program.
Having sufficiently described the nature of the invention, together with one form of putting it into practice, it is to be understood that it is possible to introduce changes in form, materials, and disposition over all the invention or over the parts that it is composed of, as long as such alterations do not vary substancially the characteristics of the invention claimed in the following claims.

Claims

Machine for cleaning gratings by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weirs, of the type which includes a single arm (3) rotatably and vertically moveable around a horizontal axis or pivoting point (2) at a distance from the upper end of arm (3) which is substantially shorter than the distance between said pivoting point (2) and the lower end of arm (3), by means of a double-acting cylinder, said arm (3) having a carriage (5) with a spoon (11) which is longitudinally moveable along arm (3) by means of wheels (6) which run over guides (4) arranged longitudinally and lateraly on arm (3), said movement of said carriage (5) and thus of said spoon (11) being carried out by means of chain means (7) which are activated by means of hydraulic motor (8), the movement of said spoon (11) along said arm (3) being upward with the arm (3) in a position substantially parallel and close to the grating (12) to be cleaned, and downward along said arm (3) when the latter is rotated away from the grating (12), thus taking out objects deposited on the grating during said upward movement of said spoon (11) and evacuating said objects at an emptying point onto a space provided out of the weir, characterised in that the displacement of said machine along said weir is possible by means of wheels (16) displaceable over guides or rails (15) fixed on the ground, and in that said arm (3) presents an inverted "U"-shaped profile being rotatably moveable around a pivoting point (2) fixed only upwardly at an end portion of a supporting structure of machine (1), such that the position of said carriage (5) during emptying of said spoon (11) is located at a level which is higher than the level of the pivoting point (2).
Machine for cleaning gratings by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weirs, according to claim 1, characterised in that the emptying action of said spoon (11) at said emptying point is carried out by a tilting movement of said spoon (11) in a downward direction.
Machine for cleaning gratings by means of an oscillating arm for hydraulic weir, according to claim 1, characterised in that guides (4), carriages (5), wheels (6) and chain means (7) are all arranged in the interior of said "U"-shaped profile of arm (3).