EP0548602B1 - Plate type heat-exchanger - Google Patents
Plate type heat-exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0548602B1 EP0548602B1 EP92120516A EP92120516A EP0548602B1 EP 0548602 B1 EP0548602 B1 EP 0548602B1 EP 92120516 A EP92120516 A EP 92120516A EP 92120516 A EP92120516 A EP 92120516A EP 0548602 B1 EP0548602 B1 EP 0548602B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- elevations
- individual
- flow
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
- F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
- F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
- F28F3/044—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being pontual, e.g. dimples
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
- F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/0265—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
- F28F9/0268—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box in the form of multiple deflectors for channeling the heat exchange medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
- F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
- F28F2250/104—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with parallel flow
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plate heat exchanger with channels flowed through in cocurrent or countercurrent, which are formed for one medium between individual plates each connected to a plate pair and for the other medium between the plate pairs joined to form a plate stack, the individual plates and the plate pairs being parallel to them
- Main flow direction edges are connected to each other, the inflow and outflow cross sections of each flow channel in the main flow direction are arranged diagonally to each other and the immediately adjacent inflow or outflow cross sections for one medium to the adjacent outflow or inflow cross sections for the other medium by half the height of each Inflow and outflow cross sections are offset.
- Plate heat exchangers of the type described above with channels flowing through in countercurrent are known from DE-PS 41 00 940. With an extremely compact design, they have a high heat exchanger efficiency and can also be manufactured inexpensively for aggressive media.
- the invention has for its object to further improve the efficiency of these known plate heat exchangers while reducing their dimensions.
- the solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that the individual plates have guide vane-like, at least in the inlet area of each flow channel. Elevations formed by one-sided features of the individual plates and protruding from both sides into the flow channel and the medium entering through the inflow cross-section distributing over the full channel width of the flow channel are provided in the manner of an angle with an inflow leg oriented approximately parallel to the main flow direction and one under one Angle between 7 ° and 90 ° to the main flow direction outflow legs are formed, wherein a defined gap is formed within the flow channels between the opposite guide vane-like elevations.
- the guide vane-like elevations can protrude into the flow channel from both sides. In this way, the height of the individual surveys and thus their susceptibility to contamination can be reduced.
- a defined gap is formed within the flow channels between the opposite guide vane-like elevations. The surveys are thus partially overflowed, so that the danger an accumulation of solid particles is significantly reduced.
- the guide vane-like elevations are formed in the entry area of each individual plate in the manner of an angle with an inflow leg oriented approximately parallel to the main flow direction and an outflow leg lying at an angle between 7 ° and 90 ° to the main flow direction.
- a further effective support for the equalization of the flow within the flow channel can be achieved in that the flowed ends of the guide vane-like elevations are arranged obliquely to the main flow direction.
- the guide vane-like elevations are preferably arranged closer to the inlet cross section in the longitudinal center of the individual plates than the elevations arranged at the edge of the individual plates.
- the guide vane-like elevations in the outlet area of each individual plate are mirror images of the guide vane-like elevations in the inflow area.
- a particularly simple and inexpensive type of guide vane-like elevations can be created according to the invention in that the guide vane-like elevations are formed by one-sided features of the individual plates.
- each individual plate is provided, according to a further feature of the invention, with profiling which adjoins the inlet area and runs across the entire channel width and channel length and generates turbulence .
- the heat transfer is increased by the turbulent flow and thus the efficiency of the plate heat exchanger according to the invention is increased.
- these profiles are created in that each individual plate is provided with knobs which are alternately pronounced on one of the two sides.
- knobs can be designed according to the invention as spacers for adjacent individual plates. Such spacers can finally also be formed in the area of the guide vane-like elevations in order to keep the individual plates at a predetermined distance from one another in the entry and exit area.
- FIG. 1 The embodiment of a plate heat exchanger shown schematically in FIG. 1 shows in perspective a plate stack S composed of a plurality of shaped individual plates 1, which are each connected to one another to form a plate pair P.
- Each individual plate 1 comprises a floor 11 which lies in a different plane than the longitudinal edges 12. Following and parallel to these longitudinal edges 12, each individual plate 1 is each formed with a contact surface 13 which is offset in height from the longitudinal edges 12. The offset between the contact surface 13 and the associated longitudinal edge 12 is twice as large as the offset between the longitudinal edges 12 and the bottom 11. The bottom 11 is therefore located in the middle between the plane of the longitudinal edges 12 and the plane of the contact surfaces 13.
- transverse edges 14a and 14b are obtained, which in the Height, ie perpendicular to the surface of the floor 11 are offset from one another by the same amount as the planes in which the longitudinal edges 12 on the one hand and the contact surfaces 13 on the other hand. 1 clearly shows that the transverse edges 14a and 14b are diagonally opposite one another.
- FIG. 1 shows five complete plate pairs P, a single plate 1 being arranged on the uppermost plate pair, which is also connected to the plate plate P shown at a distance from the uppermost single plate 1.
- Fig. 1 which shows a counterflow heat exchanger, shows that due to the diagonal arrangement of the inlet and outlet openings, the inflow cross sections Z1 and Z2 for the one medium next to the outflow cross sections A2 or A1 for the other medium, each offset by half a height of a pair of plates P.
- inflow cross section Z 1 or Z 2 extends only over half the width of the flow channel within an axial entry area E as short as possible over the full width of the channel cross section
- guide vane-like elevations 2 which protrude into the flow channel and distribute the medium entering through the inflow cross section Z1 or Z2 to the full channel width of the flow channel.
- the guide vane-like elevations are designed in the manner of an angle with an inflow leg 21 oriented approximately parallel to the main flow direction and an outflow leg 22 lying at an angle between 7 ° and 90 ° to the main flow direction.
- the elevations 2 formed in the middle of the single plate 1 can preferably be designed with elongated outflow legs 22. It is also advantageous if the flowed ends of the elevations 2 are arranged obliquely to the main flow direction, the guide vane-like elevations 2 in the longitudinal center of the individual plate 1 being arranged closer to the inflow cross section than the elevations 2 arranged on the edge of the individual plates 1.
- the guide vane-like elevations 2 are formed on one side by the individual plates 1 formed, the elevations 2 shown in dashed lines in the lower part of the illustration protrude into the respective other flow channel delimited by the same single plate 1. In this way, guide vane-like elevations 2 projecting from both sides into the respective flow channel, a defined gap being formed between these opposing elevations 2, which allows the elevations 2 to flow partially over them, thereby preventing clogging of the inlet areas E in the case of media loaded with solid particles becomes.
- each individual plate 1 is provided with a knob field from a multiplicity of in individual knobs 31, 32 protruding into the flow channel. These individual knobs 31, 32 are alternately formed on one of the two sides of the single plate 1.
- the individual knobs 31 recognizable in the plan view according to FIG. 2 are each represented by a circle, the individual knobs 32 formed on the opposite side by a cross.
- the pimple field formed by the individual pimples 31 and 32 in the two adjacent flow channels creates a turbulent flow over the full length and width of the flow channels by means of the profiles produced thereby, which increases the heat exchange performance of the plate heat exchanger.
- knobs 31 and 32 can be designed as spacers for adjacent individual plates 1. Spacers of this type can also be formed in the region of the guide vane-like elevations 2, which are indicated by circles in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 shows a single plate 1 for a heat exchanger, the channels of which are flowed through in the direct current of the two media. Accordingly, the guide vane-like elevations 2, which are pronounced on one side, are formed in mirror image of the elevations 2, which are pronounced on the other side.
- One medium is here represented by arrows with solid lines, the other medium is symbolized by arrows which are shown in broken lines.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Plattenwärmetauscher mit im Gleichstrom oder Gegenstrom durchströmten Kanälen, die für das eine Medium zwischen jeweils zu einem Plattenpaar verbundenen Einzelplatten und für das andere Medium zwischen den zu einem Plattenstapel zusammengefügten Plattenpaaren gebildet sind, wobei die Einzelplatten und die Plattenpaare an ihren parallel zur Hauptströmungsrichtung verlaufenden Rändern miteinander verbunden sind, die Zu- und Abströmquerschnitte jedes Strömungskanals in Hauptströmungsrichtung diagonal zueinander angeordnet und die unmittelbar aneinanderliegenden Zuström- bzw. Abströmquerschnitte für das eine Medium zu den benachbarten Abström- bzw. Zuströmquerschnitten für das andere Medium jeweils um die halbe Höhe der Zu- bzw. Abströmquerschnitte versetzt sind.The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger with channels flowed through in cocurrent or countercurrent, which are formed for one medium between individual plates each connected to a plate pair and for the other medium between the plate pairs joined to form a plate stack, the individual plates and the plate pairs being parallel to them Main flow direction edges are connected to each other, the inflow and outflow cross sections of each flow channel in the main flow direction are arranged diagonally to each other and the immediately adjacent inflow or outflow cross sections for one medium to the adjacent outflow or inflow cross sections for the other medium by half the height of each Inflow and outflow cross sections are offset.
Plattenwärmetauscher der voranstehend beschriebenen Art mit im Gegenstrom durchströmten Kanälen sind aus der DE-PS 41 00 940 bekannt. Sie haben bei äußerst kompakter Bauweise einen hohen Wärmetauscherwirkungsgrad und können preisgünstig auch für aggressive Medien hergestellt werden.Plate heat exchangers of the type described above with channels flowing through in countercurrent are known from DE-PS 41 00 940. With an extremely compact design, they have a high heat exchanger efficiency and can also be manufactured inexpensively for aggressive media.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Wirkungsgrad dieser bekannten Plattenwärmetauscher bei gleichzeitiger Verringerung ihrer Abmessungen weiter zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to further improve the efficiency of these known plate heat exchangers while reducing their dimensions.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabenstellung durch die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzelplatten mindestens im Eintrittsbereich jedes Strömungskanals mit leitschaufelartigen, durch einseitige Ausprägungen der Einzelplatten gebildeten und von beiden Seiten in den Strömungskanal hineinragenden und das durch den Zuströmquerschnitt eintretende Medium auf die volle Kanalbreite des Strömungskanals verteilenden Erhebungen versehen sind, die in der Art eines Winkels mit einem etwa parallel zur Hauptströmungsrichtung ausgerichteten Anströmschenkel und einem unter einem Winkel zwischen 7° und 90° zur Hauptströmungsrichtung liegenden Abströmschenkel ausgebildet sind, wobei zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen innerhalb der Strömungskanäle ein definierter Spalt ausgebildet ist.The solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that the individual plates have guide vane-like, at least in the inlet area of each flow channel. Elevations formed by one-sided features of the individual plates and protruding from both sides into the flow channel and the medium entering through the inflow cross-section distributing over the full channel width of the flow channel are provided in the manner of an angle with an inflow leg oriented approximately parallel to the main flow direction and one under one Angle between 7 ° and 90 ° to the main flow direction outflow legs are formed, wherein a defined gap is formed within the flow channels between the opposite guide vane-like elevations.
Durch diese leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen gemäß der Erfindung wird das in die Strömungskanäle eintretende Medium innerhalb eines sehr kurzen axialen Strömungsabschnittes gleichmäßig auf die volle Kanalbreite des Strömungskanals verteilt, so daß Toträume im Eintrittsbereich der Strömungskanäle weitestgehend vermieden werden und nahezu die volle Fläche der Einzelplatten zum Wärmeaustausch zwischen den Medien herangezogen wird. Aufgrund der unter Vermeidung von Toträumen schnelleren Ausbreitung des einseitig in den Strömungskanal eintretenden Mediums auf die volle Kanalbreite steigt einerseits der Wirkungsgrad; andererseits ermöglicht die nahezu vollständige Ausnutzung der zur Verfügung stehenden Wärmeaustauschfläche und deren Beaufschlagung im echten Gleich- oder Gegenstrom bei Bedarf eine Reduzierung der Außenabmessungen des Plattenwärmetauschers ohne Verlust an Wärmeaustauschleistung.These guide vane-like elevations according to the invention distribute the medium entering the flow channels evenly over the full channel width of the flow channel within a very short axial flow section, so that dead spaces in the inlet area of the flow channels are largely avoided and almost the full area of the individual plates for heat exchange between the Media is used. Due to the faster spreading of the medium entering the flow channel on one side to the full channel width while avoiding dead spaces, on the one hand the efficiency increases; on the other hand, the almost complete utilization of the available heat exchange surface and its application in real cocurrent or countercurrent enables, if necessary, a reduction in the external dimensions of the plate heat exchanger without loss of heat exchange performance.
Aus der EP-A-0252275 ist bei einem andersartigen Plattenwärmetauscher die Verwendung von im Strömungskanal angeordneten Erhebungen bekannt. Bei diesen sich auf den entsprechenden Erhebungen der jeweils benachbarten Wärmeaustauschplatte abstützenden Erhebung besteht die Gefahr, daß die Strömungskanäle insbesondere beim Einsatz von mit Feststoffpartikeln beladenen Medien verstopfen. Darüber hinaus stellen diese bekannten Erhebungen einen hohen Strömungswiderstand dar, was wiederum zu einer Verringerung des Wirkungsgrades des Plattenwärmetauschers führt.From EP-A-0252275 the use of elevations arranged in the flow channel is known in a different type of plate heat exchanger. With these elevations, which are supported on the corresponding elevations of the respectively adjacent heat exchange plate, there is the risk that the flow channels become blocked, particularly when media containing solid particles are used. In addition, these known surveys represent a high flow resistance, which in turn leads to a reduction in the efficiency of the plate heat exchanger.
Die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen können von beiden Seiten in den Strömungskanal hineinragen. Hierdurch läßt sich die Höhe der einzelnen Erhebungen und damit ihre Verschmutzungsanfälligkeit reduzieren.The guide vane-like elevations can protrude into the flow channel from both sides. In this way, the height of the individual surveys and thus their susceptibility to contamination can be reduced.
Um den erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauscher auch für mit Feststoffpartikeln beladene Medien ohne die Gefahr einer Verstopfung der Strömungskanäle verwenden zu können, ist gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen innerhalb der Strömungskanäle ein definierter Spalt ausgebildet. Die Erhebungen werden somit teilweise überströmt, so daß die Gefahr einer Anlagerung von Feststoffpartikeln erheblich verringert wird.In order to be able to use the plate heat exchanger according to the invention also for media loaded with solid particles without the risk of the flow channels becoming blocked, according to a further feature of the invention, a defined gap is formed within the flow channels between the opposite guide vane-like elevations. The surveys are thus partially overflowed, so that the danger an accumulation of solid particles is significantly reduced.
Die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen sind im Eintrittsbereich jeder Einzelplatte in der Art eines Winkels mit einem etwa parallel zur Hauptströmungsrichtung ausgerichteten Anströmschenkel und einem unter einem Winkel zwischen 7° und 90° zur Hauptströmungsrichtung liegenden Abströmschenkel ausgebildet. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Weiterbildung läßt sich auf besonders wirkungsvolle und verlustarme Weise eine Ausbreitung des durch den Zuströmquerschnitt eintretenden Mediums auf die volle Kanalbreite erzielen. Hierbei kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung zumindest ein Teil, vorzugsweise der in der Längsmitte der Einzelplatten angeordnete Teil der leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen mit verlängerten Abströmschenkeln ausgebildet ist. Diese verlängerten Abströmschenkel dienen als zusätzliche Leitvorrichtungen und führen das eintretende Medium bis in den vom Zuströmquerschnitt abgewandten Teil des Strömungskanals.The guide vane-like elevations are formed in the entry area of each individual plate in the manner of an angle with an inflow leg oriented approximately parallel to the main flow direction and an outflow leg lying at an angle between 7 ° and 90 ° to the main flow direction. This further development according to the invention allows the medium entering through the inflow cross section to be spread over the full channel width in a particularly effective and low-loss manner. It can be advantageous here if, according to a further feature of the invention, at least a part, preferably the part of the guide vane-like elevations arranged in the longitudinal center of the individual plates, is designed with elongated outflow legs. These elongated outflow legs serve as additional guide devices and guide the medium entering into the part of the flow channel facing away from the inflow cross section.
Eine weitere wirkungsvolle Unterstützung der Vergleichmäßigung der Strömung innerhalb des Strömungskanals läßt sich dadurch erzielen, daß die angeströmten Enden der leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen schräg zur Hauptströmungsrichtung angeordnet sind. Hierbei sind vorzugsweise die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen in der Längsmitte der Einzelplatten näher am Eintrittsquerschnitt angeordnet als die am Rand der Einzelplatten angeordneten Erhebungen.A further effective support for the equalization of the flow within the flow channel can be achieved in that the flowed ends of the guide vane-like elevations are arranged obliquely to the main flow direction. Here, the guide vane-like elevations are preferably arranged closer to the inlet cross section in the longitudinal center of the individual plates than the elevations arranged at the edge of the individual plates.
Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung sind die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen im Austrittsbereich jeder Einzelplatte spiegelbildlich zu den leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen im Einströmbereich ausgebildet.According to a further feature of the invention, the guide vane-like elevations in the outlet area of each individual plate are mirror images of the guide vane-like elevations in the inflow area.
Eine besonders einfache und preisgünstige Art der leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen kann erfindungsgemäß dadurch geschaffen werden, daß die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen durch einseitige Ausprägungen der Einzelplatten gebildet sind.A particularly simple and inexpensive type of guide vane-like elevations can be created according to the invention in that the guide vane-like elevations are formed by one-sided features of the individual plates.
Um zusätzlich zu der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbreitung des in den Strömungskanal eintretenden Mediums eine Erhöhung der Wärmeaustauschleistung zu schaffen, ist beim erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauscher jede Einzelplatte gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung mit sich an den Eintrittsbereich anschließenden, über die gesamte Kanalbreite und Kanallänge verlaufenden und Turbulenzen erzeugenden Profilierungen versehen. Durch die turbulente Strömung wird der Wärmeübergang vergrößert und damit der Wirkungsgrad des erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauschers erhöht.In order to increase the heat exchange capacity in addition to the expansion of the medium entering the flow channel according to the invention, in the plate heat exchanger according to the invention each individual plate is provided, according to a further feature of the invention, with profiling which adjoins the inlet area and runs across the entire channel width and channel length and generates turbulence . The heat transfer is increased by the turbulent flow and thus the efficiency of the plate heat exchanger according to the invention is increased.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung werden diese Profilierungen dadurch geschaffen, daß jede Einzelplatte mit abwechselnd zu einer der beiden Seiten ausgeprägten Noppen versehen ist.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, these profiles are created in that each individual plate is provided with knobs which are alternately pronounced on one of the two sides.
Damit auch bei geringen Abständen zwischen benachbarten Einzelplatten der vorgegebene Plattenabstand über die volle Kanallänge und Kanalbreite gewährleistet ist, können erfindungsgemäß einige der Noppen als Abstandshalter für benachbarte Einzelplatten ausgebildet sein. Derartige Abstandshalter können schließlich auch im Bereich der leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen ausgebildet sein, um die Einzelplatten auch im Ein- und Austrittsbereich im vorgegebenen Abstand voneinander zu halten.In order that the predetermined plate spacing is ensured over the full channel length and channel width even with small distances between adjacent individual plates, some of the knobs can be designed according to the invention as spacers for adjacent individual plates. Such spacers can finally also be formed in the area of the guide vane-like elevations in order to keep the individual plates at a predetermined distance from one another in the entry and exit area.
Auf der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauschers dargestellt, und zwar zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines aus mehreren Einzelplatten gebildeten Plattenstapels, wobei jedoch wegen der besseren Übersicht die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen und Einzelnoppen nicht dargestellt sind,
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäß mit leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen und einem Noppenfeld ausgebildeten Einzelplatte,
- Fig. 3
- eine Draufsicht auf ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Einzelplatte für einen Gleichstrom-Wärmetauscher und
- Fig. 4
- eine Draufsicht auf ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Einzelplatte.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of a plate stack formed from several individual plates, however because of the better overview, the guide vane-like elevations and individual knobs are not shown,
- Fig. 2
- 2 shows a plan view of a first exemplary embodiment of a single plate designed according to the invention with guide vane-like elevations and a knobbed area,
- Fig. 3
- a plan view of a second embodiment of a single plate for a direct current heat exchanger and
- Fig. 4
- a plan view of another embodiment of a single plate.
Das in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel eines Plattenwärmetauschers zeigt perspektivisch einen Plattenstapel S aus einer Mehrzahl formgeprägter Einzelplatten 1, die jeweils miteinander zu einem Plattenpaar P verbunden sind.The embodiment of a plate heat exchanger shown schematically in FIG. 1 shows in perspective a plate stack S composed of a plurality of shaped
Jede Einzelplatte 1 umfaßt einen Boden 11, der in einer anderen Ebene liegt als die Längsränder 12. Im Anschluß und parallel zu diesen Längsrändern 12 ist jede Einzelplatte 1 jeweils mit einer Anlagefläche 13 ausgebildet, die gegenüber den Längsrändern 12 in der Höhe versetzt ist. Der Versatz zwischen der Anlagefläche 13 und dem zugehörigen Längsrand 12 ist doppelt so groß wie der Versatz zwischen den Längsrändern 12 und dem Boden 11. Der Boden 11 liegt demzufolge höhenmäßig in der Mitte zwischen der Ebene der Längsränder 12 und der Ebene der Anlageflächen 13.Each
Die quer zu den Längsrändern 12 der Einzelplatte 1 verlaufenden Ränder liegen beim Ausführungsbeispiel etwa zur Hälfte in der Ebene der Längsränder 12 bzw. in der Ebene der Anlageflächen 13. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich Querränder 14a und 14b, die in der Höhe, d.h. senkrecht zur Fläche des Bodens 11 um denselben Betrag zueinander versetzt sind wie die Ebenen, in denen einerseits die Längsränder 12 und andererseits die Anlageflächen 13 liegen. Die Fig. 1 läßt deutlich erkennen, daß hierbei die Querränder 14a bzw. 14b einander diagonal gegenüberliegen.The edges extending transversely to the
Jeweils zwei der in Fig. 1 als oberstes Teil dargestellten Einzelplatten 1 werden gemäß der unteren Darstellung in Fig. 1 zu Plattenpaaren P verbunden. In Fig. 1 sind fünf komplette Plattenpaare P dargestellt, wobei auf dem obersten Plattenpaar noch eine Einzelplatte 1 angeordnet ist, die mit der im Abstand dargestellten obersten Einzelplatte 1 ebenfalls zu einem Plattenpaar P verbunden wird.Two of the
Wenn die Plattenpaare P im Bereich der Anlageflächen 13 zum Plattenstapel S verbunden werden, ergeben sich übereinanderliegende Kanäle für die beiden am Wärmeaustausch teilnehmenden Medien. Während das eine Medium in den Strömungskanälen strömt, die jeweils durch die Plattenpaare P gebildet werden, strömt das andere Medium in den Strömungskanälen, die sich durch das Zusammenfügen der Plattenpaare P zum Plattenstapel S ergeben. Die in der Ebene der Längsränder 12 liegenden Querränder 14a der Einzelplatten 1 bilden hierbei den Zuströmquerschnitt Z₁ bzw. den Abströmquerschnitt A₁ der Strömungskanäle für das zwischen den Plattenpaaren P strömende Medium. Die in der Ebene der Anlageflächen 13 verlaufenden Querränder 14b der Einzelplatten 1 bilden die Zuströmquerschnitte Z₂ bzw. die Abströmquerschnitte A₂ für das andere Medium, das zwischen den Einzelplatten 1 jedes Plattenpaares P entweder in derselben oder in Gegenrichtung zum ersten Medium strömt. Die Fig. 1, die einen Gegenstrom-Wärmetauscher zeigt, läßt erkennen, daß aufgrund der diagonalen Anordnung der Eintritts- und Austrittsöffnungen die Zuströmquerschnitte Z₁ bzw. Z₂ für das eine Medium neben den Abströmquerschnitten A₂ bzw. A₁ für das andere Medium liegen, und zwar jeweils um eine halbe Höhe eines Plattenpaares P versetzt.If the plate pairs P are connected in the area of the
Um das in die Strömungskanäle eintretende Medium, dessen Zuströmquerschnitt Z₁ bzw. Z₂ sich lediglich über die halbe Breite des Strömungskanales erstreckt, innerhalb eines möglichst kurzen axialen Eintrittsbereiches E auf die volle Breite des Kanalquerschnittes zu verteilen, sind gemäß der Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Einzelplatte 1 in Fig. 2 im Eintrittsbereich E leitschaufelartige Erhebungen 2 angeordnet, die in den Strömungskanal hineinragen und das durch den Zuströmquerschnitt Z₁ bzw. Z₂ eintretende Medium auf die volle Kanalbreite des Strömungskanals verteilen. Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen in der Art eines Winkels mit einem etwa parallel zur Hauptströmungsrichtung ausgerichteten Anströmschenkel 21 und einem unter einem Winkel zwischen 7° und 90° zur Hauptströmungsrichtung liegenden Abströmschenkel 22 ausgebildet. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine Reihe in der Art von Leitschaufeln, wie der obere Teil in Fig. 2 erkennen läßt. Um Totzonen im linken oberen Teil des Strömungskanals gemäß Fig. 2 zu vermeiden, können vorzugsweise die in der Mitte der Einzelplatte 1 ausgebildeten Erhebungen 2 mit verlängerten Abströmschenkeln 22 ausgebildet sein. Außerdem ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die angeströmten Enden der Erhebungen 2 schräg zur Hauptströmungsrichtung angeordnet sind, wobei die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen 2 in der Längsmitte der Einzelplatte 1 näher am Zuströmquerschnitt angeordnet sind als die am Rand der Einzelplatten 1 angeordneten Erhebungen 2.In order to distribute the medium entering the flow channels, whose inflow
Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines Gegenstrom-Wärmetauschers sind die leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen 2 durch einseitige Ausprägungen der Einzelplatten 1 gebildet, wobei die im unteren Teil der Darstellung gestrichelt dargestellten Erhebungen 2 in den jeweils anderen, von derselben Einzelplatte 1 begrenzten Strömungskanal hineinragen. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich von beiden Seiten in den jeweiligen Strömungskanal hineinragende leitschaufelartige Erhebungen 2, wobei zwischen diesen gegenüberliegenden Erhebungen 2 ein definierter Spalt ausgebildet ist, der ein teilweises überströmen der Erhebungen 2 ermöglicht, wodurch ein Zusetzen der Eintrittsbereiche E bei mit Feststoffpartikeln beladenen Medien verhindert wird.In the exemplary embodiment of a countercurrent heat exchanger shown in FIG. 2, the guide vane-
Um die Wärmeaustauschleistung des mit den Einzelplatten 1 nach Fig. 2 ausgestatteten Plattenwärmetauschers zu erhöhen, ist gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel in Fig. 2 jede Einzelplatte 1 mit einem sich an den Eintrittsbereich E anschließenden, über die gesamte Kanalbreite und Kanallänge verlaufenden Noppenfeld aus einer Vielzahl von in den Strömungskanal hineinragenden Einzelnoppen 31,32 versehen. Diese Einzelnoppen 31,32 sind abwechselnd zu einer der beiden Seiten der Einzelplatte 1 ausgeprägt. Die in der Draufsicht nach Fig. 2 erkennbaren Einzelnoppen 31 sind jeweils durch einen Kreis, die auf der abgewandten Seite ausgebildeten Einzelnoppen 32 durch ein Kreuz dargestellt. Das durch die Einzelnoppen 31 und 32 in den beiden benachbarten Strömungskanälen ausgebildete Noppenfeld schafft mittels der hierdurch erzeugten Profilierungen eine turbulente Strömung über die volle Länge und Breite der Strömungskanäle, wodurch sich die Wärmeaustauschleistung des Plattenwärmetauschers erhöht.In order to increase the heat exchange capacity of the plate heat exchanger equipped with the
Durch Punkte und größere Kreuze ist angedeutet, daß einige der Noppen 31 bzw. 32 als Abstandshalter für benachbarte Einzelplatten 1 ausgebildet sein können. Auch im Bereich der leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen 2 können derartige Abstandshalter ausgebildet sein, die in Fig. 2 durch Kreise angedeutet sind.Dots and larger crosses indicate that some of the
Diese Abstandshalter liegen an den Abstandshaltern benachbarter Einzelplatten an, so daß hierdurch der vorgegebene Abstand zwischen benachbarten Einzelplatten 1 auch unter ungünstigen Bedingungen aufrechterhalten wird.These spacers abut the spacers of adjacent individual plates, so that the predetermined distance between adjacent
Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine Einzelplatte 1 für einen Wärmetauscher, dessen Kanäle im Gleichstrom der beiden Medien durchströmt werden. Demzufolge sind die zu der einen Seite ausgeprägten leitschaufelartigen Erhebungen 2 spiegelbildlich zu den zur anderen Seite ausgeprägten Erhebungen 2 ausgebildet. Das eine Medium ist hierbei durch mit ausgezogenen Linien dargestellte Pfeile, das andere Medium durch Pfeile symbolisiert, die gestrichelt dargestellt sind.3 shows a
Die Fig. 4 zeigt schließlich eine Einzelplatte 1, die ebenfalls für einen Gleichstrom-Wärmetauscher bestimmt ist, bei der jedoch leitschaufelartige Erhebungen 2 nicht nur im Eintrittsbereich E, sondern auch im Austrittsbereich A angeordnet sind, wobei diese wiederum spiegelbildlich zu den Erhebungen 2 im Eintrittsbereich E ausgebildet sind.4 finally shows a
- AA
- AustrittsbereichExit area
- A₁A₁
- AbströmquerschnittDischarge cross-section
- A₂A₂
- AbströmquerschnittDischarge cross-section
- EE
- EintrittsbereichEntrance area
- PP
- PlattenpaarPlate pair
- SS
- PlattenstapelPlate stack
- Z₁Z₁
- ZuströmquerschnittInflow cross section
- Z₂Z₂
- ZuströmquerschnittInflow cross section
- 11
- EinzelplatteSingle plate
- 1111
- Bodenground
- 1212th
- LängsrandLongitudinal edge
- 1313
- AnlageflächeContact surface
- 14a14a
- QuerrandCross border
- 14b14b
- QuerrandCross border
- 22nd
- ErhebungSurvey
- 2121
- AnströmschenkelInflow leg
- 2222
- AbströmschenkelOutflow leg
- 3131
- EinzelnoppeSingle pimple
- 3232
- EinzelnoppeSingle pimple
Claims (8)
- Plate-type heat exchanger with channels, through which a flow passes in co-current or countercurrent and which are formed, for one medium, between individual plates (1) in each case connected to form a pair of plates (P), and, for the other medium, between the pairs of plates (P) joined together to form a plate stack (S), the individual plates (1) and the pairs of plates (P) being connected to one another at their edges (12, 13) running parallel to the main flow direction, the inflow and flow-off cross-sections (Z₁, Z₂, A₁, A₂) of each flow channel being arranged diagonally to one another in the main flow direction, and the directly adjacent inflow and flow-off cross-sections (Z₁, Z₂, A₁, A₂) for one medium being offset relative to the adjacent flow-off and inflow cross-sections (A₁, A₂, Z₁, Z₂) for the other medium, in each case by half the height of the inflow and flow-off cross-sections (Z₁, Z₂, A₁, A₂) respectively, characterized in that the individual plates (1) are provided, at least in the inlet region (E) of each flow channel, with elevations (2) resembling guide blades, which are formed by portions stamped out from the individual plates (1) on one side, project from both sides into the flow channel and distribute the medium entering through the inflow cross-section (Z₁, Z₂) over the full channel width of the flow channel and which are designed in the manner of an angle with an onflow leg (21) oriented approximately parallel to the main flow direction and with a flow-off leg (22) lying at an angle of between 7° and 90° to the main flow direction, a specific gap being formed within the flow channels between the mutually opposite elevations (2) resembling guide blades.
- Plate-type heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the elevations (2) resembling guide blades, preferably those arranged in the longitudinal centre of the individual plates (1), are designed with lengthened flow-off legs (22).
- Plate-type heat exchanger according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the onflow ends of the elevations (2) resembling guide blades are arranged obliquely to the main flow direction, the elevations (2) resembling guide blades located in the longitudinal centre of the individual plates (1) being arranged nearer to the inflow cross-section (Z₁, Z₂) than the elevations (2) arranged at the edge of the individual plates (1).
- Plate-type heat exchanger according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the elevations (2) resembling guide blades are designed, in the outlet region of each individual plate (1), mirror-symmetrically to the elevations (2) resembling guide blades located in the inflow region (E).
- Plate-type heat exchanger according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each individual plate (1) is provided with turbulence-generating profilings (31, 32) adjacent to the inlet region (E) and extending over the entire channel width and channel length.
- Plate-type heat exchanger according to Claim 5, characterized in that each individual plate (1) is provided with bosses (31, 32) stamped out alternately on one of the two sides.
- Plate-type heat exchanger according to Claim 6, characterized in that some of the bosses (31, 32) are designed as spacers for adjacent individual plates (1).
- Plate-type heat exchanger according to Claim 7, characterized in that individual spacers are also formed in the region of the elevations (2) resembling guide blades.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4142177A DE4142177C2 (en) | 1991-12-20 | 1991-12-20 | Plate heat exchanger |
| DE4142177 | 1991-12-20 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0548602A1 EP0548602A1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| EP0548602B1 true EP0548602B1 (en) | 1995-10-18 |
Family
ID=6447614
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92120516A Expired - Lifetime EP0548602B1 (en) | 1991-12-20 | 1992-12-02 | Plate type heat-exchanger |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5301747A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0548602B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE129337T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4142177C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0548602T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2079775T3 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2068166C1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19832164A1 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-01-20 | Balcke Duerr Gmbh | Plate-type heat exchanger, in which individual plates forming plate pairs are connected to each other by spacers lying against each other |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3359946B2 (en) * | 1993-03-04 | 2002-12-24 | 東京ラヂエーター製造株式会社 | Stacked heat exchanger |
| US5469914A (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1995-11-28 | Tranter, Inc. | All-welded plate heat exchanger |
| WO1997037187A1 (en) * | 1996-03-30 | 1997-10-09 | Imi Marston Limited | Plate-type heat exchanger with distribution zone |
| DE29607547U1 (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1996-07-18 | Sks Stakusit Kunststoff Gmbh | Plate-type heat exchanger |
| JP3292128B2 (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2002-06-17 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Plate heat exchanger |
| GB0129040D0 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2002-01-23 | Semikron Ltd | Heat sinks for electrical or other apparatus |
| DE10333177A1 (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-02-24 | Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine | Flow channel for a heat exchanger |
| CA2584955C (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2014-12-02 | Sulzer Chemtech Ag | A static mixer |
| NL2003983C2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-21 | Mircea Dinulescu | Plate type heat exchanger and method of manufacturing heat exchanger plate. |
| EP2657635B1 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2015-06-10 | GEA Ecoflex GmbH | Plate heat exchanger |
| EP2657636B1 (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2015-09-09 | GEA Ecoflex GmbH | Plate heat exchanger |
| EP2669027B8 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2016-03-16 | Kelvion PHE GmbH | Method and press tool for fabricating a plate heat exchanger |
| DE102013216523A1 (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2015-02-26 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plate heat exchangers |
| US9677828B2 (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2017-06-13 | Zoneflow Reactor Technologies, Llp | Engineered packing for heat exchange and systems and methods constructing the same |
| CN106323069A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2017-01-11 | 泰州市远望换热设备有限公司 | Dislocated dot-shaped heat exchange plate |
| KR101749059B1 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2017-06-20 | 주식회사 경동나비엔 | Wave plate heat exchanger |
| DE102017002500A1 (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-09-20 | Klingenburg Gmbh | "Plate heat exchanger" |
| IL255877B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-12-31 | Dulberg Sharon | Device for extraction of water from air, and dehumidifying with high energy efficiency and methods for manufacturing thereof |
| US11486657B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2022-11-01 | Tranter, Inc. | Heat exchanger heat transfer plate |
| FR3096768B1 (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2021-04-30 | Air Liquide | Exchanger-reactor with improved distribution zones |
| US20230266067A1 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2023-08-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Heat-exchange element and heat-exchange ventilation apparatus |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE880591C (en) * | 1950-04-17 | 1953-06-22 | Richard Zeuthen | Plate for plate heat exchanger |
| US2777674A (en) * | 1953-05-29 | 1957-01-15 | Creamery Package Mfg Co | Plate type heat exchanger |
| GB1205933A (en) * | 1967-01-25 | 1970-09-23 | Clarke Chapman Ltd | Improvements in or relating to plate heat exchangers |
| US3463222A (en) * | 1967-08-16 | 1969-08-26 | Air Preheater | Double dimpled surface for heat exchange plate |
| GB1395439A (en) * | 1973-06-28 | 1975-05-29 | Roca Radiadores | Boiler units and hollow heat exchange elements therefor |
| US3893509A (en) * | 1974-04-08 | 1975-07-08 | Garrett Corp | Lap joint tube plate heat exchanger |
| GB1468514A (en) * | 1974-06-07 | 1977-03-30 | Apv Co Ltd | Plate heat exchangers |
| SU737717A1 (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1980-05-30 | Ростовский инженерно-строительный институт | Heat-exchange element of air-heater |
| DE2906837A1 (en) * | 1979-02-22 | 1980-09-04 | Fsl Fenster System Lueftung | CONTINUOUS HEAT EXCHANGER FOR GASEOUS FLUIDUM |
| GB2054817B (en) * | 1979-07-26 | 1983-09-14 | Apv Co Ltd | Heat exchanger plate |
| US4503908A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1985-03-12 | Rockwell International Corporation | Internally manifolded unibody plate for a plate/fin-type heat exchanger |
| DE3429491A1 (en) * | 1984-08-10 | 1986-02-20 | Gea Ahlborn Gmbh & Co Kg, 3203 Sarstedt | Non-chokable plate heat exchanger |
| GB8506415D0 (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1985-04-11 | Atkin H S | Room ventilator |
| SE8504379D0 (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1985-09-23 | Alfa Laval Thermal Ab | PLATTVEMEVEXLARE |
| DE3622316C1 (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-01-28 | Schmidt W Gmbh Co Kg | Plate heat exchanger |
| SE458806B (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1989-05-08 | Alfa Laval Thermal Ab | PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER WITH DIFFERENT FLOW RESISTANCE FOR MEDIA |
| US4966227A (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1990-10-30 | Alfa-Laval Thermal Ab | Plate evaporator |
| IL93319A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1993-06-10 | Pessach Seidel | Heat exchanger assembly and panel therefor |
| SE466171B (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1992-01-07 | Alfa Laval Thermal Ab | PLATTERS WORKS AATMONISONING A PLATHER WAS ASTMINSTERING A DIVISION WAS A DIVISIONALLY DIVISED BY A FAULTY OF A PORTABLE WORTH PREPARING ACHIEVENING, |
| DE4100940C1 (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1991-11-21 | Balcke-Duerr Ag, 4030 Ratingen, De |
-
1991
- 1991-12-20 DE DE4142177A patent/DE4142177C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-12-02 ES ES92120516T patent/ES2079775T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-02 AT AT92120516T patent/ATE129337T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-02 DK DK92120516.7T patent/DK0548602T3/en active
- 1992-12-02 EP EP92120516A patent/EP0548602B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-02 DE DE59204069T patent/DE59204069D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-18 US US07/992,705 patent/US5301747A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-18 RU RU9292016228A patent/RU2068166C1/en active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19832164A1 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-01-20 | Balcke Duerr Gmbh | Plate-type heat exchanger, in which individual plates forming plate pairs are connected to each other by spacers lying against each other |
| DE19832164C2 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2002-12-05 | Balcke Duerr Gmbh | Plate heat exchanger |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2068166C1 (en) | 1996-10-20 |
| DE4142177A1 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
| DK0548602T3 (en) | 1996-02-19 |
| ATE129337T1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
| EP0548602A1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| ES2079775T3 (en) | 1996-01-16 |
| DE59204069D1 (en) | 1995-11-23 |
| DE4142177C2 (en) | 1994-04-28 |
| US5301747A (en) | 1994-04-12 |
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