EP0463298B1 - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents
Plate heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0463298B1 EP0463298B1 EP91105123A EP91105123A EP0463298B1 EP 0463298 B1 EP0463298 B1 EP 0463298B1 EP 91105123 A EP91105123 A EP 91105123A EP 91105123 A EP91105123 A EP 91105123A EP 0463298 B1 EP0463298 B1 EP 0463298B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchange
- profiling
- plate
- plates
- central
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010017577 Gait disturbance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
- F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
- F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plate heat exchanger with a plurality of substantially rectangular, aligned and provided by embossing with a profile in the form of wave crests and troughs, which are rotated alternately by 180 ° against each other with mutual sealing and with the facing profile of adjacent plates are optionally releasably tensioned to form a stack, the plates forming alternate flow spaces between themselves for a first and a substantially parallel second medium through the circumferential seal, which are aligned with one another and formed by openings arranged in the corner regions of the plates Outflow openings can be loaded with the respective medium, the plates also having a central, essentially rectangular and two adjoining them on opposite sides, containing the inflow and outflow openings, essentially d have triangular heat exchange areas, and in addition, in at least one of the plates, the profiling of the central heat exchange area is at an angle with respect to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange areas, and in this plate the profiling of the middle heat exchange area by at least one in
- adjacent plates are braced against one another via seals arranged along their circumference in the form of elastic seals, mutual welding or mutual soldering, so that the seals delimit the spaces formed between the plates.
- elastic circumferential seals are essentially assumed, without there being any restriction as to the circumferential seals.
- the profiling of the plates of such heat exchangers generally consists of an undulating, often sinusoidally corrugated embossing with wave crests and wave troughs of equal cross-section.
- embossings that differ from the same cross-sectional shape are also common and are included below.
- the course of the wave crests and wave troughs of the profiling has different angles to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange areas, which is usually the vertical of the plates, depending on the area of application of the plate heat exchanger, angles below 45 ° leading to so-called soft plates, while angles above 45 ° result in so-called hard plates.
- the hard, high turbulence plates are usually used for smaller throughputs of the media and result in a high heat exchange coefficient.
- the soft plates with a lower heat exchange coefficient are used for the throughputs of large quantities.
- the pressing pressure on the plates causes a tendency of the plates by supporting the superimposed profiles so that they extend transversely to the direct flow connection or the vertical axis.
- This tendency in the area of peripheral seals relative shifts and thus problems, is relatively small in the case of the so-called hard plates, since there the profile is oriented more transversely to the vertical, that is to say it has a certain supporting effect in this direction.
- the profiling of the soft plates under the above-mentioned pressing pressure leads to greater lateral migration.
- the profiling of the soft plates is bent several times in a zigzag or herringbone pattern across the width of the plates seen transversely to the direct flow direction in order to give the plate the required stability in the transverse direction mentioned.
- a plate heat exchanger of the type mentioned is known from DE-A-21 09 346.
- the middle heat exchange area is divided into several equal sections of different profiles, the profile difference being expressed essentially at a different angle with respect to the central perpendicular of the plates. This is done by assembling corresponding embossing tool sections to produce plates whose profile is sensitive to the different heat exchange rates required. Because different sections of the embossing tool can be easily replaced, the manufacturing costs for the respective embossing tool are favorable.
- the object of the invention is to provide a design for the soft plates of a plate heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset which allows the reversal points within the profiling to be reduced, on the other hand to give the plates a stability comparable to that of hard plates transversely to the direct flow connection mentioned and finally at desired points a "breaking up" of the laminar flow conditions that are formed.
- the solution to this problem should be possible with the aid of simple tools which are customary for the production of the plates in question.
- this object is achieved according to the invention in that the section is as short as possible and so positioned in the direction of flow that it effectively interrupts the laminar flow which forms in the central heat exchange region and that the plate profiling of the central heat exchange region unites Has an angle below 45 ° with respect to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange areas and the section has an angle above 45 °. It may also be expedient here that the profiling of the section is closer to one another at the spacing of its waves than the remaining profiling of the central heat exchange region.
- the short belts in the manner of a hard plate result in an effective disturbance of laminar flow patterns of the soft plates which form, these disturbances being able to be positioned such that the number and arrangement of the belts mentioned are appropriate they always occur when an almost laminar flow has developed on the soft plates.
- Another advantage of the design according to the invention is that the pressure loss resulting from the belt in the manner of a harder plate embossing is fully converted into heat transfer performance.
- the overall hardness of the flow space formed in this way, or the heat conduction that can be transferred at the same flow rate between adjacent plates, increases somewhat, which enables a smaller total area of the heat exchange area from the associated better heat transfer.
- the production of the “soft” plates according to the invention is extremely cost-effective, since the above-mentioned hard embossing belts can be easily used within the embossing tool as sections of a tool for producing hard embossing plates. These belts can be manufactured as a tool part in the usual way, as is the case for so-called hard plates.
- the central heat exchange area and the short section have a V-shaped profile with a reversal point on the plate center located transversely to the direct flow connection. This is due to reasons of symmetry.
- the design according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the reversal points or deflection points of the profiling to such a point.
- the profiling of the central heat exchange region has an angle in relation to the direct flow connection in the region of 30 ° and the profiling of the short sections in the region of 60 °.
- Fig. 1 shows a plate 1 of a plate heat exchanger with a substantially rectangular configuration.
- the plate has a central heat exchange region 2 and adjoining it at both ends, essentially triangular heat exchange region 3, 4, within which inlet and outlet openings 5, 6, 7, 8 are arranged in the corner regions of the plate 1.
- the central heat exchange area has a symmetrical profile 10 with respect to the direct or main flow direction 9, which at the same time essentially coincides with the vertical central longitudinal axis of the plate 1, and which, as can be seen from the axis 9, has an angle below 45 °.
- the soft profiling 10 corresponding to the statements made at the beginning is interrupted twice at 11 in the course of the vertical of the plate 1 by a direction of flow between the openings 5, 6 of a short section of such a plate profiling, the angle of which with respect to the vertical 9 is above 45 °.
- This profiling is also arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical central longitudinal axis so that the kink of the profiling lies on this vertical axis 9.
- a peripheral seal 20 is arranged such that in the case of FIG. 1, the medium flowing there on the side of the plate facing the viewer moves between openings 5, 6 and is blocked off from openings 7, 8, while in the case of the counter plate according to Fig. 2, the corresponding seal 20 is arranged so that on the next flow gap, the other medium between the openings 7, 8 flows in a sealed off form with respect to the openings 5, 6.
- Fig. 3 shows the exploded view of several adjacent plates according to FIGS. 1 and 2, that is plates with a "soft" embossing pattern for large mass throughputs with low heat exchange between the merged media, which in the sketched flow pattern on the one hand according to the flow line 14, 15 and on the other hand according to the Flow line 16, 17 flow in and out.
- the hard embossing 11 arranged transversely to the vertical 9 does not come to rest on adjacent plates, but on the other hand is arranged in sufficient numbers over the height of the plates that they adhere to suitable points the soft profiles 10 of the central plate areas forming laminar flows are disturbed, on the other hand, the plates transverse to the vertical 9 have sufficient stability with respect to the pressing pressure indicated by the arrows 18, 19, by which the plates are clamped together in a manner known per se to form a package and under which they cross across the vertical line 9 seek to widen.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Plättenwärmeaustauscher mit einer Mehrzahl im wesentlichen rechteckiger, miteinander fluchtender und durch Prägen mit einer Profilierung in Form von Wellenbergen und -tälern versehener Platten, die abwechselnd um 180° gegeneinander gedreht unter gegenseitiger Abdichtung und unter Anlage der aufeinander zu gerichteten Profilierung benachbarter Platten gegebenenfalls lösbar zu einem Stapel gespannt sind, wobei die Platten zwischen sich abwechselnd für ein erstes und ein dazu im wesentlichen parallel geführtes zweites Medium durch die Umfangsdichtung umfangene Strömungsräume bilden, die über miteinander fluchtende, von in den Eckbereichen der Platten angeordneten Durchbrechungen gebildete Zu- und Abströmöffnungen mit dem jeweiligen Medium beschickbar sind, wobei ferner die Platten einen mittleren, im wesentlichen rechteckigen und zwei auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten daran anschließende, die Zu- und Abströmöffnungen enthaltende, im wesentlichen dreieckförmige wärmeaustauschbereiche aufweisen, wobei außerdem bei wenigstens einer der Platten die Profilierng des mittleren Wärmeaustauschbereiches gegenüber der direkten Strömungsverbindung zwischen den dreieckförmigen Wärmeaustauschbereichen einen Winkel aufweist und wobei bei dieser Platte die Profilierung des mittleren Wärmeaustauschbereiches durch wenigstens einen in Richtung der direkten Strömungsverbindung sich quer dazu über die gesamte Plattenbreite erstreckenden Abschnitt unterbrochen ist, dessen Profilierung gegenüber der direkten Strömungsverbindung einen gegenüber der übrigen Profilierung größeren Winkel aufweist.The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger with a plurality of substantially rectangular, aligned and provided by embossing with a profile in the form of wave crests and troughs, which are rotated alternately by 180 ° against each other with mutual sealing and with the facing profile of adjacent plates are optionally releasably tensioned to form a stack, the plates forming alternate flow spaces between themselves for a first and a substantially parallel second medium through the circumferential seal, which are aligned with one another and formed by openings arranged in the corner regions of the plates Outflow openings can be loaded with the respective medium, the plates also having a central, essentially rectangular and two adjoining them on opposite sides, containing the inflow and outflow openings, essentially d have triangular heat exchange areas, and in addition, in at least one of the plates, the profiling of the central heat exchange area is at an angle with respect to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange areas, and in this plate the profiling of the middle heat exchange area by at least one in the direction of the direct flow connection extends transversely thereto across the entire plate width-extending section is interrupted, the profiling of which has a larger angle than the other profiling compared to the direct flow connection.
Bei solchen Plattenwärmeaustauschern sind benachbarte Platten über entlang ihrem Umfang angeordnete Dichtungen in Form von elastischen Dichtungen, gegenseitiger Verschweißung oder gegenseitiger Verlötung gegeneinander verspannt, so daß die Dichtungen die zwischen den Platten gebildeten Räume abgrenzen. Nachfolgend wird im wesentlichen von elastischen Umfangsdichtungen ausgegangen, ohne daß dadurch bezüglich der Umfangsdichtungen eine Einschränkung gegeben sein soll.In such plate heat exchangers, adjacent plates are braced against one another via seals arranged along their circumference in the form of elastic seals, mutual welding or mutual soldering, so that the seals delimit the spaces formed between the plates. In the following, elastic circumferential seals are essentially assumed, without there being any restriction as to the circumferential seals.
Die Profilierung besteht bei den Platten derartiger Wärmeaustauscher in der Regel aus einer wellenförmigen, vielfach sinusförmig gewellten Prägung mit im Querschnitt gleichgroßen Wellenbergen und Wellentälern. Jedoch sind hierbei auch von der gleichen Querschnittsform abweichende Prägungen gebräuchlich und nachfolgend eingeschlossen.The profiling of the plates of such heat exchangers generally consists of an undulating, often sinusoidally corrugated embossing with wave crests and wave troughs of equal cross-section. However, embossings that differ from the same cross-sectional shape are also common and are included below.
Der Verlauf der Wellenberge und Wellentäler der Profilierung weist gegenüber der direkten Strömungsverbindung zwischen den dreieckförmigen Wärmeaustauschbereichen, was in der Regel die Vertikale der Platten ist, je nach Anwendungsbereich des Plattenwärmeaustauschers unterschiedliche Winkel auf, wobei Winkel unter 45° zu sogenannten weichen Platten führen, während Winkel oberhalb 45° sogenannte harte Platten ergeben. Die harten, eine hohe Turbulenz bewirkenden Platten werden in der Regel für kleinere Durchsatzmengen der Medien verwendet und ergeben einen hohen Wärmeaustauschkoeffizienten. Demgegenüber finden die weichen Platten mit geringerem Wärmeaustauschkoeffizienten für die Durchsätze großer Mengen Anwendung.The course of the wave crests and wave troughs of the profiling has different angles to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange areas, which is usually the vertical of the plates, depending on the area of application of the plate heat exchanger, angles below 45 ° leading to so-called soft plates, while angles above 45 ° result in so-called hard plates. The hard, high turbulence plates are usually used for smaller throughputs of the media and result in a high heat exchange coefficient. In contrast, the soft plates with a lower heat exchange coefficient are used for the throughputs of large quantities.
Werden Platten der vorstehend beschriebenen Art im Stapel gegeneinander gepreßt, bewirkt der Preßdruck an den Platten über die Abstüzung der aufeinanderliegenden Profilierungen eine Tendenz der Platten dahingehend, daß sie sich quer zur direkten Strömungsverbindung bzw. der Vertikalachse strecken. Diese Tendenz, die im Bereich der Umfangsdichtungen zu Relativverschiebungen und damit zu Problemen führt, ist bei den sogenannten harten Platten relativ gering, da dort die Profilierung mehr quer zur Vertikalen ausgerichtet ist, also in dieser Richtung eine gewisse Stützwirkung ausübt. Demgegenüber führt jedoch die Profilierung der weichen Platten unter dem genannten Preßdruck zu einer größeren seitlichen Auswanderung. Um dem zu begegnen, wird bei den weichen Platten die Profilierung über die quer zur direkten Strömungsrichtung gesehene Breite der Platten mehrfach zick-zack-förmig bzw. fischgrätförmig abgeknickt, um der Platte in der genannten Querrichtung die erforderliche Stabilität zu geben.Are plates of the type described above in the stack pressed against each other, the pressing pressure on the plates causes a tendency of the plates by supporting the superimposed profiles so that they extend transversely to the direct flow connection or the vertical axis. This tendency in the area of peripheral seals relative shifts and thus problems, is relatively small in the case of the so-called hard plates, since there the profile is oriented more transversely to the vertical, that is to say it has a certain supporting effect in this direction. In contrast, however, the profiling of the soft plates under the above-mentioned pressing pressure leads to greater lateral migration. In order to counter this, the profiling of the soft plates is bent several times in a zigzag or herringbone pattern across the width of the plates seen transversely to the direct flow direction in order to give the plate the required stability in the transverse direction mentioned.
Diese mehrfache Abknickung der Profilierung weicher Platten führt jedoch an den dadurch für den Strömungsverlauf gegebenen Umkehrpunkten zu unvollständigen Randkanälen im Bereich der Umkehrpunkte und zu Druckverlust erzeugenden Reflektionen insbesondere in den Randbereichen der Platten neben der Umfangsdichtung. Diese Druckverluste und die damit einhergehenden Turbulenzen sind zwar auf der einen Seite erwünscht, um die bei den weichen Platten sich ausbildenden laminaren Strömungsbilder zu stören. Andererseits können jedoch die Druckverluste nicht vollständig in eine Verbesserung der Wärmeübertragungsleistung umgesetzt werden, so daß sie im Ergebnis eine Leistungsherabsetzung darstellen, die wie vorstehend ausgeführt, insbesondere aus Gründen der Festigkeit der weichen Platten in Kauf genommen werden muß.However, this multiple kinking of the profiling of soft plates leads to incomplete edge channels in the region of the point of reversal and to reflections generating pressure loss, in particular in the edge regions of the plates in addition to the peripheral seal, at the reversal points given for the flow. These pressure losses and the associated turbulence are desirable on the one hand, in order to disrupt the laminar flow patterns which form in the soft plates. On the other hand, however, the pressure losses cannot be fully converted into an improvement in the heat transfer performance, so that as a result they represent a reduction in performance which, as stated above, has to be accepted, in particular for reasons of the strength of the soft plates.
Um bei weichen Platten diesem Problem zu begegnen, ist es bereits bekannt, die sich bei weichen Platten ergebende laminare Strömung durch Einprägen von Noppen bzw. "Stolperstellen", also die Erzeugung örtlicher Turbulenzen zu stören. Dies bedingt jedoch erhöhte Werkzeugkosten und führt nur bei dünnflüssigen Medien zu einer wirksamen Erhöhung des Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten, da mit zunehmender Viskosität die Störstellen von der laminaren Strömungsschicht überdeckt werden, ohne daß größere Turbulenzen entstehen. Damit ist zwar auf Strömungsverhalten der durch weiche Platten gebildeten Strömungsräume ein gewisser Einfluß genommen, das Festigkeitsproblem dieser weichen Platten quer zur oben genannten direkten Strömungsverbindung kann jedoch dadurch keine Verbesserung erfahren, so daß es auch hier bei der Ausbildung unvollständiger Randkanäle und damit Druckverlust erzeugende Reflektionen infolge mehrfacher Abknickung der Profilierung bleibt.In order to counter this problem in the case of soft plates, it is already known that the laminar flow which results in the case of soft plates by embossing knobs or "stumbling points", to disrupt the generation of local turbulence. However, this entails increased tool costs and only leads to an effective increase in the heat transfer coefficient in the case of thin-bodied media, since with increasing viscosity the defects are covered by the laminar flow layer without causing major turbulence. Although this has a certain influence on the flow behavior of the flow spaces formed by soft plates, the strength problem of these soft plates transversely to the above-mentioned direct flow connection cannot be improved thereby, so that here, too, reflections which result in the formation of incomplete edge channels and thus pressure loss multiple bending of the profile remains.
Ein Plattenwärmeaustauscher der eingangs genannten Art ist durch die DE-A-21 09 346 bekannt. Dort ist der mittlere Wärmeaustauschbereich in mehrere gleiche Abschnitte unterschiedlicher Profilierung aufgeteilt, wobei sich der Profilierungsunterschied im wesentlichen in einem unterschiedlichen Winkel gegenüber der Mittelsenkrechten der Platten ausdrückt. Dies dient dazu, durch Zusammensetzen entsprechender Prägewerkzeugabschnitte Platten herzustellen, die bezüglich ihrer Profilierung feinfühlig an unterschiedliche erforderliche Wärmeaustauschleistungen angepaßt sind. Dadurch, daß verschiedene Abschnitte des Prägewerkzeuges leicht ausgewechselt werden können, gestalten sich hierzu die Herstellungskosten für das jeweilige Prägewerkzeug günstig.A plate heat exchanger of the type mentioned is known from DE-A-21 09 346. There, the middle heat exchange area is divided into several equal sections of different profiles, the profile difference being expressed essentially at a different angle with respect to the central perpendicular of the plates. This is done by assembling corresponding embossing tool sections to produce plates whose profile is sensitive to the different heat exchange rates required. Because different sections of the embossing tool can be easily replaced, the manufacturing costs for the respective embossing tool are favorable.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, für die weichen Platten eines Plattenwärmeaustauschers der eingangs genannten Art eine Gestaltung anzugeben, die die Herabsetzung der Umkehrpunkte innerhalb der Profilierung erlaubt, andererseits den Platten eine mit harten Platten vergleichbare Stabilität quer zur genannten direkten Strömungsverbindung verleiht und schließlich an gewünschten Stellen ein "Aufbrechen" der sich ausbildenden laminaren Strömungsverhältnisse bewirkt. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe soll mit Hilfe einfacher, für die Herstellung der in Rede stehenden Platten üblicher Werkzeuge möglich sein.The object of the invention is to provide a design for the soft plates of a plate heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset which allows the reversal points within the profiling to be reduced, on the other hand to give the plates a stability comparable to that of hard plates transversely to the direct flow connection mentioned and finally at desired points a "breaking up" of the laminar flow conditions that are formed. The solution to this problem should be possible with the aid of simple tools which are customary for the production of the plates in question.
Ausgehend von einem Plattenwärmeaustauscher der eingangs genannten Art ist diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Abschnitt in Strömungsrichtung gesehen so kurz wie möglich und so postioniert ist, daß er die im mittleren Wärmeaustauschbereich sich ausbildende laminare Strömung wirksam unterbricht und daß die Plattenprofilierung des mittleren Wärmeaustauschbereiches einen Winkel unterhalb 45° gegenüber der direkten Strömungsverbindung zwischen den dreieckförmigen Wärmeaustauschbereichen aufweist und der Abschnitt einen Winkel oberhalb 45°. Zweckmäßig kann es hier auch sein, daß die Profilierung des Abschnittes im Abstand ihrer Wellen enger aneinander gerückt ist als die übrige Profilierung des mittleren Wärmeaustauschbereiches.Starting from a plate heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention in that the section is as short as possible and so positioned in the direction of flow that it effectively interrupts the laminar flow which forms in the central heat exchange region and that the plate profiling of the central heat exchange region unites Has an angle below 45 ° with respect to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange areas and the section has an angle above 45 °. It may also be expedient here that the profiling of the section is closer to one another at the spacing of its waves than the remaining profiling of the central heat exchange region.
Diese erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen bedeuten also, daß in die weichen Platten kurze Gürtel nach Art harter Platten eingezogen bzw. eingesetzt werden. Dies hat die Wirkung, daß weichen Platten innerhalb des Strömungsverlaufes zwischen den dreieckförmigen Bereichen quer zu diesem Strömungsverlauf eine genügende Stabilität gegen Ausdehnung unter dem den Plattenstapel bildenden Preßdruck gegeben wird, so daß die Profilierung der weichen Platten eine Reduzierung der Zahl ihrer Umkehrpunkte erfahren kann. Dies bedingt wiederum eine Herabsetzung von unvollständigen Randkanälen und Reflektionen.These measures according to the invention therefore mean that short belts are inserted or used in the manner of hard plates in the soft plates. This has the effect that soft plates within the flow course between the triangular regions transverse to this flow course are given sufficient stability against expansion under the pressing pressure forming the plate stack, so that the profiling of the soft plates can experience a reduction in the number of their reversal points. This in turn leads to a reduction in incomplete edge channels and reflections.
Andererseits ergeben die kurzen Gürtel nach Art einer harten Platte eine wirksame Störung sich ausbildender laminarer Strömungsbilder der weichen Platten, wobei durch entsprechende Zahl und Anordnung der genannten Gürtel diese Störungen so positioniert werden können, daß sie immer dann auftreten, wenn sich an den weichen Platten eine annähernd laminare Strömung ausgebildet hat.On the other hand, the short belts in the manner of a hard plate result in an effective disturbance of laminar flow patterns of the soft plates which form, these disturbances being able to be positioned such that the number and arrangement of the belts mentioned are appropriate they always occur when an almost laminar flow has developed on the soft plates.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung besteht darin, daß der durch die Gürtel nach Art einer härteren Plattenprägung entstehende Druckverlust voll in Wärmeübergangsleistung umgesetzt wird.Another advantage of the design according to the invention is that the pressure loss resulting from the belt in the manner of a harder plate embossing is fully converted into heat transfer performance.
Andererseits nimmt die insgesamte Härte des so gebildeten Strömungsraumes bzw. die bei gleicher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit übertragbare Wärmeleitung zwischen benachbarten Platten etwas zu, womit sich aus dem damit einhergehenden besseren Wärmeübergang eine kleinere Gesamtfläche des Wärmeaustauschbereiches ermöglicht.On the other hand, the overall hardness of the flow space formed in this way, or the heat conduction that can be transferred at the same flow rate between adjacent plates, increases somewhat, which enables a smaller total area of the heat exchange area from the associated better heat transfer.
Schließlich ist die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen "weichen" Platten äußerst kostengünstig, da die genannten Gürtel harter Prägung sich innerhalb des Prägewerkzeuges als Abschnitte eines Werkzeugs zur Herstellung von Platten harter Prägung ohne weiteres einsetzen lassen. Diese Gürtel können als Werkzeugteil in der üblichen Art hergestellt werden, wie dies für sogenannte harte Platten der Fall ist.Finally, the production of the “soft” plates according to the invention is extremely cost-effective, since the above-mentioned hard embossing belts can be easily used within the embossing tool as sections of a tool for producing hard embossing plates. These belts can be manufactured as a tool part in the usual way, as is the case for so-called hard plates.
Insgesamt gilt für den vorstehenden Erfindungsgegenstand, daß die Abschnitte harter Prägung bzw. harter Plattenprofilierung so kurz wie möglich sein sollen, also keineswegs einen namhaften Teil des mittleren Wärmeaustauschbereiches einnehmen sollen, obwohl sie auf der anderen Seite in größerer Zahl vorgesehen werden können je nachdem, wie oft nach der Größe der Wärmeaustauschplatte deren Querstabilisierung einerseits und die Unterbrechung einer sich ausbildenden laminaren Strömung andererseits erforderlich ist.All in all, it applies to the above subject matter of the invention that the sections of hard embossing or hard plate profiling should be as short as possible, that is to say in no way should they occupy a significant part of the middle heat exchange area, although on the other hand they can be provided in larger numbers depending on how often according to the size of the heat exchange plate, its transverse stabilization on the one hand and the interruption of one developing laminar flow on the other hand is required.
Zweckmäßig ist es, daß bei benachbarten Platten die kurzen Abschnitte derart angeordnet sind, daß sie keine gegenseitige Überdeckung aufweisen. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Entstehung eines Abschnittes zu großen Strömungswiderstandes vermeiden.It is expedient that in the case of adjacent plates the short sections are arranged in such a way that they have no mutual overlap. In this way, the formation of a section with excessive flow resistance can be avoided.
Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, daß der mittlere Wärmeaustauschbereich und der kurze Abschnitt eine V-förmige Profilierung mit einer Umkehrstelle auf der quer zur direkten Strömungsverbindung gelegenen Plattenmitte aufweist. Dies ergibt sich einmal aus Symmetriegründen. Zum anderen ist aber gerade eben durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung die Reduzierung der Umkehrpunkte bzw. Umlenkstellen der Profilierung auf eine solche Stelle möglich.It is also advantageous that the central heat exchange area and the short section have a V-shaped profile with a reversal point on the plate center located transversely to the direct flow connection. This is due to reasons of symmetry. On the other hand, the design according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the reversal points or deflection points of the profiling to such a point.
Schließlich ist es zweckmäßig, daß die Profilierung des mittleren Wärmeaustauschbereiches einen Winkel gegenüber der direkten Strömungsverbindung im Bereich von 30° und die Profilierung der kurzen Abschnitte im Bereich von 60° aufweist.Finally, it is expedient that the profiling of the central heat exchange region has an angle in relation to the direct flow connection in the region of 30 ° and the profiling of the short sections in the region of 60 °.
Einzelheiten des Erfindungsgegenstandes ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung einer Ausführungsform, die in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße Plattengestaltung in Draufsicht;
- Fig. 2
- die Platte gemäß Fig. 1 als Gegenplatte in um 180° gedrehter Form und
- Fig. 3
- eine Mehrzahl der Platten gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 als Anordnung innerhalb eines Plattenstapels in Explosionsdarstellung in vereinfachter Wiedergabe.
- Fig. 1
- a plate design according to the invention in plan view;
- Fig. 2
- 1 as a counter plate in a form rotated by 180 ° and
- Fig. 3
- a plurality of the plates of FIGS. 1 and 2 as an arrangement within a plate stack in an exploded view in a simplified representation.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Platte 1 eines Plattenwärmeaustauschers mit im wesentlichen rechteckiger Konfiguration. Die Platte weist einen mittleren Wärmeaustauschbereich 2 und daran an beiden Enden anschließende, im wesentlichen dreieckförmige Wärmeaustauschbereiches 3, 4 auf, innerhalb derer in den Eckbereichen der Platte 1 Zu- und Abströmöffnungen 5, 6, 7, 8 angeordnet sind.Fig. 1 shows a plate 1 of a plate heat exchanger with a substantially rectangular configuration. The plate has a central
Der mittlere Wärmeaustauschbereich hat gegenüber der direkten oder Hauptströmungsrichtung 9, die gleichzeitig im wesentlichen mit der vertikalen Mittellängsachse der Platte 1 übereinstimmt, eine symmetrische Profilierung 10, die gegenüber der Achse 9 ersichtlich einen Winkel unterhalb 45° aufweist.The central heat exchange area has a
Die entsprechend den eingangs gemachten Ausführungen weiche Profilierung 10 ist im Verlauf der Vertikalen der Platte 1 zweimal bei 11 unterbrochen durch eine Strömungsrichtung zwischen den Öffnungen 5, 6 kurzen Abschnitt einer solchen Plattenprofilierung, deren Winkel gegenüber der Vertikalen 9 oberhalb 45° liegt. Auch diese Profilierung ist bezüglich der Vertikalmittellängsachse symmetrisch so angeordnet, daß die Knickstelle der Profilierung auf dieser Vertikalachse 9 liegt.The
Außerhalb der die Wärmeaustauschbereiche 3, 4, 10, 11 umgebenden Kontur 12, aber innerhalb der Außenkontur 13 der Platte 1 ist eine Umfangsdichtung 20 angeordnet derart, daß im Falle der Fig. 1 das dort auf der dem Betrachter zugewandten Seite der Platte strömende Medium sich zwischen Öffnungen 5, 6 bewegt und gegenüber den Öffnungen 7, 8 abgesperrt ist, während bei der Gegenplatte gemäß Fig. 2 die entsprechende Dichtung 20 so angeordnet ist, daß auf dem nächsten Strömungsspalt das andere Medium zwischen den Öffnungen 7, 8 in gegenüber den Öffnungen 5, 6 abgesperrter Form fließt.Outside the
Im übrigen sind die Platten gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 gleichermaßen ausgebildet, nur ist die Platte gemäß Fig. 2 eine Platte gemäß Fig. 1 in um 180° in der Plattenebene gedrehter Form. Daraus ist auch ersichtlich, daß sich dann die Bereiche 11 bei aufeinanderliegenden Platten gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 nicht gegenseitig überdecken.Otherwise, the plates according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are of the same design, only the plate according to FIG. 2 is a plate according to FIG. 1 in a form rotated through 180 ° in the plate plane. It can also be seen from this that the
Fig. 3 zeigt die Explosionsdarstellung mehrerer aneianderliegender Platten gemäß Fig. 1 und 2, also Platten mit einem "weichen" Prägemuster für große Massendurchsätze bei geringem Wärmeaustausch zwischen den zusammengeführten Medien, die im skizzierten Strömungsbild einerseits gemäß der Strömungslinie 14, 15 und andererseits gemäß der Strömungslinie 16, 17 zu- bzw. abströmen.Fig. 3 shows the exploded view of several adjacent plates according to FIGS. 1 and 2, that is plates with a "soft" embossing pattern for large mass throughputs with low heat exchange between the merged media, which in the sketched flow pattern on the one hand according to the
Auch hier ist noch einmal ersichtlich, daß die als quer zur Vertikalen 9 angeordneten Gürtel 11 harter Prägung bei benachbarten Platten nicht aufeinander zu liegen kommen, anderseits aber in so ausreichender Zahl über die Höhe der Platten angeordnet sind, daß sie an geeigneten Stellen die sich an den weichen Profilierungen 10 der mittleren Plattenbereiche ausbildenden laminaren Strömungen gestört werden, andererseits die Platten quer zur Vertikalen 9 eine genügende Stabilität gegenüber dem durch die Pfeile 18, 19 angedeuteten Preßdruck aufweisen, durch den die Platten in an sich bekannter Weise zu einem Paket miteinander verspannt sind und unter dem sie sich quer zur Vertikallinie 9 zu verbreitern suchen.Here, too, it can be seen again that the
Claims (5)
- A plate heat-exchanger with a plurality of essentially rectangular, mutually aligned plates (1) provided with a stamped profiling (10) in the form of wave peaks and troughs, which are clamped, optionally releasably, into a stack with alternate plates (1) turned against each other by about 180° and under mutual sealing (20) and under engagement of adjacent plates (1) for directional profiling (10), wherein alternatingly between a first medium and a second medium conducted essentially parallel thereto the plates form flow chambers peripherally confined by means of the peripheral seal (20), the flow chambers being chargeable with the actual medium via mutually aligned inlet and outlet openings formed by apertures (5 to 8) arranged in the corner regions of the plates, wherein further the plates (1) have a central (2), essentially rectangular heat exchange region which is adjoined on two mutually oppositely lying sides by two essentially triangular heat exchange regions (3, 4) that contain the flow inlet and outlet openings, wherein in addition for at least one of the plates (1) the profiling of the central heat exchange region (2) relative to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange regions (3, 4) has an angle, and wherein for this plate (1) the profiling (10) of the central heat exchange region (2) is interrupted by at least one section (11) which extends in a direction over the whole width of the plate transversely to the direction of the direct flow connection (9), the profiling of the section (11) relative to the direct flow connection having a larger angle than the rest of the profiling,
characterised in that,
seen viewed in the direction of flow, the section (11) viewed is as short as possible and is so positioned that it effectively breaks up any laminar flow that arises in the central heat exchange region (2), and in that the plate profiling (10) of the central heat exchange region (2) has an angle less than 45° relative to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange regions (3, 4), and an angle above 45° for the section (11). - A plate heat-exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that
the profiling of the section (11) is pressed together more closely as regards the spacing of its waves than the rest of the profiling of the central heat exchange region. - A plate heat-exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that
for adjacent plates (1) the short sections (11) are so arranged that they do not overlap each other. - A plate heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
the central heat exchange region (2) and the short section (11) have a V-shaped profiling with a reversal position on the centre (9) of the plate laid transversely to the direct flow connection. - A plate heat-exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
the profiling (10) of the central heat exchange region (2) has an angle relative to the direct flow connection between the triangular heat exchange regions (3, 4) in the region of 30° and the profiling of the shorter section (11) has an angle in the region of 60°.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4020735A DE4020735A1 (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1990-06-29 | HEAT EXCHANGER |
| DE4020735 | 1990-06-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0463298A1 EP0463298A1 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
| EP0463298B1 true EP0463298B1 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
Family
ID=6409337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91105123A Expired - Lifetime EP0463298B1 (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1991-03-30 | Plate heat exchanger |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0463298B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3049450B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE107763T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4020735A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0463298T3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106895724A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-27 | 江阴市亚龙换热设备有限公司 | Plate type heat exchanger |
| US11162736B2 (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2021-11-02 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Plate package, plate and heat exchanger device |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE505225C2 (en) | 1993-02-19 | 1997-07-21 | Alfa Laval Thermal Ab | Plate heat exchanger and plate for this |
| DE4431413C2 (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 2002-10-10 | Rehberg Michael | Plate heat exchangers for liquid and gaseous media |
| DE19510847C2 (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 2002-11-21 | Michael Rehberg | Plate heat exchanger |
| DE19540271C1 (en) * | 1995-10-28 | 1996-11-07 | Gea Ecoflex Gmbh | Plate heat exchanger with plates arranged in series |
| DE19948222C2 (en) * | 1999-10-07 | 2002-11-07 | Xcellsis Gmbh | Plate heat exchanger |
| JP2002107084A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-10 | Hisaka Works Ltd | Plate-type heat exchanger |
| SE528879C2 (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-03-06 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | Heat exchanger plate, pair of two heat exchanger plates and plate package for plate heat exchanger |
| SE534306C2 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2011-07-05 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | Heat exchanger plate and plate heat exchanger |
| JP4827905B2 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2011-11-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Plate type heat exchanger and air conditioner equipped with the same |
| SE534765C2 (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-12-13 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | Plate heat exchanger plate and plate heat exchanger |
| JP5710232B2 (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2015-04-30 | 株式会社日阪製作所 | Plate heat exchanger |
| CN102261861B (en) * | 2011-07-16 | 2013-07-31 | 山东安源水产股份有限公司 | Plate-type heat exchanger and application thereof to mariculture |
| CN102519281A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Supercooling plate heat exchanger |
| KR20160093616A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2016-08-08 | 스웹 인터네셔널 에이비이 | Heat exchanging plate with varying pitch |
| EP3396293A1 (en) | 2017-04-26 | 2018-10-31 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | Heat transfer plate and heat exchanger comprising a plurality of such heat transfer plates |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE321492B (en) * | 1968-03-12 | 1970-03-09 | Alfa Laval Ab | |
| GB1339542A (en) * | 1970-03-20 | 1973-12-05 | Apv Co Ltd | Plate heat exchangers |
| SE411952B (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1980-02-11 | Alfa Laval Ab | HEAT EXCHANGER INCLUDING A MULTIPLE IN A STATUE INSERTED SWITCHING PLATE |
| GB2054817B (en) * | 1979-07-26 | 1983-09-14 | Apv Co Ltd | Heat exchanger plate |
| SE8306795D0 (en) * | 1983-12-08 | 1983-12-08 | Alfa Laval Thermal Ab | VERMEVEXLARPLATTA |
| SE458805B (en) * | 1985-06-06 | 1989-05-08 | Reheat Ab | PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER, EVERY PLATE IS DIVIDED IN THE FOUR AREAS WITH SINCE BETWEEN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS ON THE CORRUGATIONS |
-
1990
- 1990-06-29 DE DE4020735A patent/DE4020735A1/en active Granted
-
1991
- 1991-03-30 DK DK91105123.3T patent/DK0463298T3/en active
- 1991-03-30 DE DE59101987T patent/DE59101987D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-30 EP EP91105123A patent/EP0463298B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-30 AT AT91105123T patent/ATE107763T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-06-28 JP JP3158362A patent/JP3049450B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106895724A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-27 | 江阴市亚龙换热设备有限公司 | Plate type heat exchanger |
| US11162736B2 (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2021-11-02 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Plate package, plate and heat exchanger device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0463298A1 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
| DE4020735C2 (en) | 1992-11-19 |
| JP3049450B2 (en) | 2000-06-05 |
| DE59101987D1 (en) | 1994-07-28 |
| JPH04227480A (en) | 1992-08-17 |
| DK0463298T3 (en) | 1994-08-01 |
| DE4020735A1 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
| ATE107763T1 (en) | 1994-07-15 |
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