EP0545104A2 - Method and apparatus for continuous casting of ingots or blooms - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for continuous casting of ingots or blooms Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0545104A2
EP0545104A2 EP92119157A EP92119157A EP0545104A2 EP 0545104 A2 EP0545104 A2 EP 0545104A2 EP 92119157 A EP92119157 A EP 92119157A EP 92119157 A EP92119157 A EP 92119157A EP 0545104 A2 EP0545104 A2 EP 0545104A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
spindles
casting
soft reduction
continuous casting
load
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Granted
Application number
EP92119157A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0545104B1 (en
EP0545104A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Streubel
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Schloemann Siemag AG
Schloemann Siemag AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the continuous casting of slabs or blocks in a continuous casting plant with a soft reduction section, which can be adjusted individually or as a segment by means of hydraulic cylinders against one another and can be infinitely adjusted with respect to one another by means of spindles in their clear distance (jaw width).
  • the slabs or blocks produced in such continuous casting plants serve as the starting material for rolling mill products, such as in particular slabs or thin slabs for the production of sheets or strips.
  • a thickness reduction between 0.5 mm per meter and 3 mm per meter is carried out in a soft reduction section of the continuous casting plant in the area of final solidification.
  • the width of the mouth is adjusted according to the shrinking behavior of the strand over the length of the machine.
  • the pairs of rolls, individually or combined into segments are adjusted more closely beyond the shrinking behavior of the strand in order to be in the range of Residual solidification to achieve an improvement in internal quality.
  • Truss and roll deflections must be kept small across the strand width, for example through the use of split continuous casters.
  • the upper yoke is inclined from the inlet towards the outlet so that there is a smaller mouth width on the outlet side than on the inlet side.
  • the soft reduction no longer leads to an improvement in the internal structure of the cast strand if the strand has solidified before entering the soft reduction path or if it has not solidified at the end of the soft reduction path.
  • the strand should therefore run into this stretch with a targeted reduction in thickness with a residual sump and be solidified at the end of the soft reduction stretch.
  • this often fails due to the changing casting parameters, such as in particular the casting speed, the steel temperature, the steel quality and the secondary cooling, because the gap width set during the casting break or the clear distance in the soft reduction section only corresponds to a narrow casting speed range. If the residual solidification is not in the soft reduction section, there is no reduction in segregation and no compression of the core structure.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus that with simple means a dynamic distance or mouth width adjustment even during the casting operation, i.e. enable under load, especially in adaptation to the changing position of the soft reduction section due to changing casting parameters.
  • the spindles are moved to a desired internal width reduced.
  • the desired jaw width can thus be adjusted continuously using the reduced-load spindles.
  • pressure transducers which enable a continuous force measurement, can be arranged between the spindles in the upper segment part and the lower segment part. Due to this astonishingly simple measure of pressure relief, an essentially load-free, inexpensive and reliable adjustment of the spindles inside and outside the cooling chamber of the continuous casting plant can be achieved.
  • Another significant advantage is that the length of the soft reduction section and the reduction in thickness can be adapted to the casting speed, ie at a lower casting speed the length of the soft reduction section is shortened and the thickness decrease in mm per meter; at higher speeds, however, the length of the soft reduction route is increased.
  • Adjust the thickness reduction within the soft reduction range differently and thus support the improvement of the internal quality.
  • the hydraulic pressure of the positioning cylinders can be reduced so much during casting that the force acting on the spindle can only be a fraction of the operating force - the maximum force that occurs during operation up to 100 t, if, for example the strand is solidified - corresponds, for example, to only 2 to 3 t, so that an opening width adjustment is possible in a simple manner, for which only a low drive power is required.
  • an excess of force can be determined and it can be deduced from the forces which occur where the strand still has a residual sump or where it has solidified and thus determine the position of the soft reduction path. This enables rapid process optimization in the sense that the exact position of the soft reduction section and the decrease in thickness can be determined as a function of essentially the casting speed, the secondary cooling and the steel quality.
  • the spindles can be based on pressure load cells. These indicate both the excess force from the segment or roller locking force that enables the determination of the soft reduction path and the relieved hydraulic pressure, which enables the spindles to be moved with reduced load during casting.
  • the spindles can be driven against a hydraulic stop which is subjected to a force which exceeds the locking or setting force is.
  • the hydraulics need to be depressurized to adjust the rollers to a new internal width dimension or a new clearance dimension, and the spindles can then be moved to the new dimension with reduced load.
  • a plunger is arranged between a spindle and a support of the lower yoke, which has a fixed stop in its cylinder space.
  • the plungers can be driven against their fixed stops with an excess of force, which support the spindles with a pressure exceeding the starting pressure.
  • the plungers are pressurized again until they come into contact with the pistons against the fixed stops; in this position the rollers then take the desired distance from each other.
  • rollers 2 In a continuous caster for casting slabs or blocks, not shown, numerous rollers 2, either individually or arranged in strand guide segments 1, form a guide, which may have a thickness reduction on an extruded strand 3 (see FIG. 3).
  • the rollers 2 can be adjusted to one another to the desired thickness 4 by means of hydraulic cylinders 5, the cylinder tubes 6 of which are fastened to the lower yoke 7 and the piston rods 8 of which engage the upper yoke 9 of the strand guide segment 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Each at the inlet and outlet 11 and 12 (see FIG. 3) of the strand guide segment 1 are paired associated pressure and adjusting spindles 16 adjustable by a motor 13, a gear 14 and drive shafts 15 (see FIG.
  • the thus reduced-load adjustment of the pressure spindles 16 makes it possible to adapt the rolls to be moved closer to one another in this zone than required as a result of the shrinkage of the strand, even during operation, to changing casting parameters in a continuous casting installation.
  • the soft reduction section is located where there is still a residual sump 27 in section 3, but after leaving the soft reduction section the section is completely solidified (cf. FIG. 3); it shifts - in relation to the direction of the strand - with changing casting parameters such as in particular different casting speeds up or down.
  • the forces are measured continuously by means of the pressure load cells 17 and can be inferred from measured values which differ from one another, where the strand 3 still has a residual sump 27 or where it has already solidified.
  • the upper yoke 9 is inclined towards the outlet 12 based on the measured values, so that the mouth width 25 is greater at the inlet 11 than at the outlet 12 (cf. Mouth width 26 in Fig. 3) results.
  • the wedge can be adjusted in accordance with the residual sump 27 so that the strand 3 within the solidification section is as short as possible before the solidification point - cf. in Fig. 3 the sump tip numbered 28 - a deformation with a decrease in thickness of e.g. 0.5 mm to 3 mm per meter.
  • the strand guide rollers 2 - regardless of whether they can be adjusted individually or as a segment against one another - can always be adjusted to changing casting parameters and / or one correspondingly Adjust the changing position of the sump tip 28.
  • position adjusters 29 are also assigned to the spindle adjusters, which - starting from a calibration value which e.g. can be reached by lowering the upper yoke 9 to fixed stops - allow a more or less wide opening at the inlet and outlet 11, 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

With a method for the continuous casting of slabs or ingots in a continuous casting installation with a soft reduction section which has rollers (2) that can be adjusted individually or as a segment relative to one another by means of hydraulic cylinders (5) and can be adjusted in infinitely variable fashion in their clear width (opening width) by means of spindles, in which the spindles (16) are moved in load-reduced fashion to a desired opening width, dynamic adjustment of the spacing or opening width even during casting, i.e. under load, is made possible, in particular with adaptation to the shifting of the soft reduction section due to changing casting parameters. The spindles can be supported on pressure cells (17) or be arranged between supports of the bottom yoke and plungers (18). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Stranggießen von Brammen oder Blöcken in einer Stranggießanlage mit einer Soft-Reduction-Strecke, die einzeln oder als Segment mittels Hydraulikzylinder gegeneinander anstellbare und mittels Spindeln in ihrem lichten Abstand (Maulweite) zueinander stufenlos einstellbare Rollen aufweist.The invention relates to a method and a device for the continuous casting of slabs or blocks in a continuous casting plant with a soft reduction section, which can be adjusted individually or as a segment by means of hydraulic cylinders against one another and can be infinitely adjusted with respect to one another by means of spindles in their clear distance (jaw width).

Die in solchen Stranggießanlagen hergestellten Brammen oder Blöcke dienen als Ausgangsmaterial für Walzwerksprodukte, wie insbesondere Brammen oder Dünnbrammen zur Erzeugung von Blechen oder Bändern. Um beim Stranggießen Seigerungen im Strang zu verringern und ein besseres Gefüge zu erzielen, wird in einer Soft-Reduction-Strecke der Stranggießanlage im Bereich der Enderstarrung eine Dickenreduzierung zwischen 0,5 mm pro Meter und 3 mm pro Meter durchgeführt.The slabs or blocks produced in such continuous casting plants serve as the starting material for rolling mill products, such as in particular slabs or thin slabs for the production of sheets or strips. In order to reduce segregation in the strand during casting and to achieve a better structure, a thickness reduction between 0.5 mm per meter and 3 mm per meter is carried out in a soft reduction section of the continuous casting plant in the area of final solidification.

Beim Stranggießen von Brammen oder Blöcken, z.B. in einer Bogen-Stranggießanlage, wird die Maulweite entsprechend dem Schrumpfverhalten des Stranges über die Maschinenlänge eingestellt. In der Soft-Reduction-Strecke werden die Rollenpaare, einzeln oder zu Segmenten zusammengefaßt, über das Schrumpfverhalten des Stranges hinausgehend enger eingestellt, um im Bereich der Resterstarrung eine Verbesserung der Innenqualität zu erreichen. Dabei müssen Traversen- und Rollendurchbiegungen, z.B. durch den Einsatz geteilter Stranggießrollen, über die Strangbreite klein gehalten werden.When continuously casting slabs or blocks, for example in an arc continuous caster, the width of the mouth is adjusted according to the shrinking behavior of the strand over the length of the machine. In the soft reduction section, the pairs of rolls, individually or combined into segments, are adjusted more closely beyond the shrinking behavior of the strand in order to be in the range of Residual solidification to achieve an improvement in internal quality. Truss and roll deflections must be kept small across the strand width, for example through the use of split continuous casters.

Bei in Segmenten gelagerten Rollen wird dabei das Oberjoch vom Einlauf in Richtung zum Auslauf hin schräggestellt, so daß auslaufseitig eine kleinere Maulweite als einlaufseitig vorhanden ist. Die Soft-Reduction führt allerdings dann zu keiner Verbesserung des Innengefüges des gegossenen Stranges mehr, wenn der Strang vor Eintritt in die Soft-Reduction-Strecke bereits durcherstarrt oder am Ende der Soft-Reduction-Strecke nicht durcherstarrt ist. Der Strang sollte somit in diese Strecke mit gezielter Dickenabnahme mit einem Restsumpf einlaufen und am Ende der Soft-Reduction-Strecke durcherstarrt sein. Das scheitert jedoch häufig an den sich verändernden Gießparametern, wie insbesondere der Gießgeschwindigkeit, der Stahltemperatur, der Stahlqualität sowie der Sekundärkühlung, denn die in der Gießpause eingestellte Maulweite bzw. der lichte Abstand in der Soft-Reduction-Strecke entspricht nur einem engen Gießgeschwindigkeitsbereich. Liegt die Resterstarrung nicht in der Soft-Reduction-Strecke, wird keine Reduzierung der Seigerungen und keine Verdichtung des Kerngefüges erreicht.In the case of rollers mounted in segments, the upper yoke is inclined from the inlet towards the outlet so that there is a smaller mouth width on the outlet side than on the inlet side. However, the soft reduction no longer leads to an improvement in the internal structure of the cast strand if the strand has solidified before entering the soft reduction path or if it has not solidified at the end of the soft reduction path. The strand should therefore run into this stretch with a targeted reduction in thickness with a residual sump and be solidified at the end of the soft reduction stretch. However, this often fails due to the changing casting parameters, such as in particular the casting speed, the steel temperature, the steel quality and the secondary cooling, because the gap width set during the casting break or the clear distance in the soft reduction section only corresponds to a narrow casting speed range. If the residual solidification is not in the soft reduction section, there is no reduction in segregation and no compression of the core structure.

Es ist daher bereits vorgeschlagen worden, den lichten Abstand bzw. die Maulweite während des Gießens über Spindeln abhängig von den aktuellen Gießparametern zu verstellen. Diese Lösung hat den Nachteil, daß die Spindeln und die Antriebselemente für eine Verstellung unter Last ausgelegt werden müssen. Bei einer durcherstarrten Bramme kann die Kraft auf die Spindeln der Zylinderkraft entsprechen. Ein anderer Vorschlag zur Lösung des Problems, nämlich den lichten Abstand bzw. die Maulweite über Hydraulikzylinder mit eingebauter induktiver Wegmessung und Servoventilen stufenlos einzustellen, ist kostenintensiv und erfordert einen hohen Instandhaltungsaufwand. In beiden Fällen ist eine rechnerische oder meßtechnische Ermittlung der Lage der Sumpfspitze erforderlich.It has therefore already been proposed to adjust the clear distance or the mouth width during casting via spindles depending on the current casting parameters. This solution has the disadvantage that the spindles and the drive elements must be designed for adjustment under load. With a solidified slab, the force on the spindles can correspond to the cylinder force. Another proposal to solve the problem, namely the clear distance or the mouth width via hydraulic cylinders With built-in inductive displacement measurement and servo valves, it can be set continuously, is cost-intensive and requires a high level of maintenance. In both cases, a computational or metrological determination of the position of the swamp tip is required.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die mit einfachen Mitteln eine dynamische Abstands- bzw. Maulweiteneinstellung auch während des Gießbetriebes, d.h. unter Last ermöglichen, insbesondere in Anpassung an die sich aufgrund wechselnder Gießparameter verändernde Lage der Soft-Reduction-Strecke.The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus that with simple means a dynamic distance or mouth width adjustment even during the casting operation, i.e. enable under load, especially in adaptation to the changing position of the soft reduction section due to changing casting parameters.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Spindeln lastreduziert auf ein gewünschtes Maulweitenmaß verfahren werden. Die gewünschte Maulweite läßt sich somit über die lastreduzierten Spindeln stufenlos einstellen. Zu diesem Zweck lassen sich Druckmeßdosen, die eine kontinuierliche Kraftmessung ermöglichen, zwischen den Spindeln im Segmentoberteil und dem Segmentunterteil anordnen. Aufgrund dieser verblüffend einfachen Maßnahme des Druckentlastens läßt sich eine im wesentlichen lastfreie, kostengünstige und betriebssichere Verstellung der Spindeln innerhalb und außerhalb der Kühlkammer der Stranggießanlage erreichen. Ein weiterer erheblicher Vorteil liegt darin, daß sich die Länge der Soft-Reduction-Strecke und die Dickenreduzierung der Gießgeschwindigkeit anpassen lassen, d.h. bei geringerer Gießgeschwindigkeit werden die Länge der Soft-Reduction-Strecke verkürzt und die Dickenabnahme in mm pro Meter erhöht; bei größerer Geschwindigkeit wird hingegen die Länge der Soft-Reduction-Strecke vergrößert. Schließlich ist es möglich, die Dickenabnahme innerhalb der Soft-Reduction-Strecke unterschiedlich einzustellen und damit die Verbesserung der Innenqualität zu unterstützen.This object is achieved in that the spindles are moved to a desired internal width reduced. The desired jaw width can thus be adjusted continuously using the reduced-load spindles. For this purpose, pressure transducers, which enable a continuous force measurement, can be arranged between the spindles in the upper segment part and the lower segment part. Due to this astonishingly simple measure of pressure relief, an essentially load-free, inexpensive and reliable adjustment of the spindles inside and outside the cooling chamber of the continuous casting plant can be achieved. Another significant advantage is that the length of the soft reduction section and the reduction in thickness can be adapted to the casting speed, ie at a lower casting speed the length of the soft reduction section is shortened and the thickness decrease in mm per meter; at higher speeds, however, the length of the soft reduction route is increased. Finally, it is possible that Adjust the thickness reduction within the soft reduction range differently and thus support the improvement of the internal quality.

Wenn vorteilhaft die Differenz zwischen der Zylinderkraft und der ferrostatischen Last kontinuierlich gemessen wird, läßt sich einerseits während des Gießens der Hydraulikdruck der Anstellzylinder so weit reduzieren, daß die auf die Spindel lastende Kraft nur noch einen Bruchteil der Betriebskraft - die im Betrieb maximal auftretende Kraft kann bis zu 100 t betragen, wenn z.B. der Strang durcherstarrt ist - entspricht, bspw. lediglich noch 2 bis 3 t beträgt, so daß auf einfache Weise eine Maulweitenverstellung möglich ist, für die es nur einer geringen Antriebsleistung bedarf. Andererseits läßt sich ein Kraftüberschuß ermitteln und aus den auftretenden Kräften schließen, wo der Strang noch einen Restsumpf aufweist bzw. wo er durcherstarrt ist und somit die Lage der Soft-Reduction-Strecke bestimmen. Das ermöglicht eine schnelle Verfahrensoptimierung in dem Sinne, daß sich die genaue Lage der Soft-Reduction-Strecke sowie die Dickenabnahme als Funktion von im wesentlichen der Gießgeschwindigkeit, der Sekundärkühlung und der Stahlqualität feststellen lassen.If the difference between the cylinder force and the ferrostatic load is advantageously measured continuously, on the one hand the hydraulic pressure of the positioning cylinders can be reduced so much during casting that the force acting on the spindle can only be a fraction of the operating force - the maximum force that occurs during operation up to 100 t, if, for example the strand is solidified - corresponds, for example, to only 2 to 3 t, so that an opening width adjustment is possible in a simple manner, for which only a low drive power is required. On the other hand, an excess of force can be determined and it can be deduced from the forces which occur where the strand still has a residual sump or where it has solidified and thus determine the position of the soft reduction path. This enables rapid process optimization in the sense that the exact position of the soft reduction section and the decrease in thickness can be determined as a function of essentially the casting speed, the secondary cooling and the steel quality.

Die Spindeln können sich gemäß einem Vorschlag der Erfindung auf Druckmeßdosen abstützen. Diese zeigen sowohl den das Bestimmen der Soft-Reduction-Strecke ermöglichenden Kraftüberschuß aus der Segment- bzw. Rollenzuhaltekraft als auch den entlasteten Hydraulikdruck an, der es ermöglicht, die Spindeln während des Gießens lastreduziert zu verfahren.According to a proposal of the invention, the spindles can be based on pressure load cells. These indicate both the excess force from the segment or roller locking force that enables the determination of the soft reduction path and the relieved hydraulic pressure, which enables the spindles to be moved with reduced load during casting.

Nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung lassen sich die Spindeln gegen einen hydraulischen Anschlag fahren, der mit einer die Zuhalte- bzw. Anstellkraft übersteigenden Kraft beaufschlagt ist. Zum Verstellen der Rollen auf ein neues Maulweitenmaß bzw. ein neues lichtes Abstandsmaß braucht in diesem Fall nur die Hydraulik drucklos geschaltet zu werden, und die Spindeln lassen sich dann lastreduziert auf das neue Maß verfahren.According to a further proposal of the invention, the spindles can be driven against a hydraulic stop which is subjected to a force which exceeds the locking or setting force is. In this case, only the hydraulics need to be depressurized to adjust the rollers to a new internal width dimension or a new clearance dimension, and the spindles can then be moved to the new dimension with reduced load.

Es wird vorgeschlagen, daß jeweils zwischen einer Spindel und einer Auflage des Unterjoches ein Plunger angeordnet ist, der in seinem Zylinderraum einen Festanschlag aufweist. Im Gießbetrieb lassen sich die Plunger mit einem Kraftüberschuß gegen ihre Festanschläge fahren, die die Spindeln mit einem den Anstelldruck übersteigenden Druck abstützen. Um Verstellungen des Maulweiten- bzw. Abstandsmaßes während des Gießens vornehmen zu können, ist es lediglich erforderlich, die Plunger drucklos zu schalten, die Spindeln lassen sich dann lastreduziert auf das neue Maß verfahren. Nach der Verstellung werden die Plunger wieder mit Druck beaufschlagt, bis sie mit ihren Kolben gegen die Festanschläge zur Anlage kommen; in dieser Position nehmen die Rollen dann den gewünschten Abstand voneinander ein.It is proposed that a plunger is arranged between a spindle and a support of the lower yoke, which has a fixed stop in its cylinder space. In the casting operation, the plungers can be driven against their fixed stops with an excess of force, which support the spindles with a pressure exceeding the starting pressure. In order to be able to make adjustments to the mouth width or spacing dimension during casting, it is only necessary to depressurize the plungers, and the spindles can then be moved to the new dimension with reduced load. After the adjustment, the plungers are pressurized again until they come into contact with the pistons against the fixed stops; in this position the rollers then take the desired distance from each other.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Figur 1
ein erfindungsgemäßes Strangführungssegment mit sich auf Druckmeßdosen abstützenden Verstellspindeln in der Vorderansicht;
Figur 2
ein Strangführungssegment gemäß Fig. 1, allerdings mit sich auf Plungern abstützenden Verstellspindeln;
Figur 3
ein Strangführungssegment gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 in der Seitenansicht dargestellt; und
Figur 4
eine Draufsicht des Strangführungssegmentes gemäß Fig. 3.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. The drawings show:
Figure 1
an inventive strand guide segment with adjusting spindles based on pressure cells in the front view;
Figure 2
a strand guide segment of FIG 1, but with adjusting spindles based on plungers.
Figure 3
a strand guide segment shown in Figures 1 and 2 in the side view. and
Figure 4
3 shows a top view of the strand guide segment according to FIG. 3.

In einer nicht dargestellten Stranggießanlage zum Gießen von Brammen oder Blöcken bilden zahlreiche, entweder einzeln oder in Strangführungssegmenten 1 angeordnete Rollen 2 eine gegebenenfalls mit einer Dickenabnahme auf einen auszuziehenden Strang 3 (vgl. Fig. 3) einwirkende Führung. Die Rollen 2 sind auf das gewünschte Dickenmaß 4 mittels Hydraulikzylinder 5, deren Zylinderrohre 6 am Unterjoch 7 befestigt sind und deren Kolbenstangen 8 am Oberjoch 9 des Strangführungssegmentes 1 angreifen, gegeneinander anstellbar, wie in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt wird. Jeweils am Ein- und Auslauf 11 bzw. 12 (vgl. Fig. 3) des Strangführungssegmentes 1 sind paarweise einander zugeordnete, von einem Motor 13, einem Getriebe 14 und Antriebswellen 15 (vgl. Fig. 4) verstellbare Druck- bzw. Verstellspindeln 16 angeordnet, die sich bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 auf Druckmeßdosen 17 und bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 auf Plunger 18 abstützen, die auf einer Auflage 19 des Unterjoches 7 angeordnet sind. Die Zylindergehäuse 21 der Plunger 18 besitzen in ihrem Zylinderraum 22 einen Festanschlag 23, gegen die sich die Plungerkolben 24 anlegen.In a continuous caster for casting slabs or blocks, not shown, numerous rollers 2, either individually or arranged in strand guide segments 1, form a guide, which may have a thickness reduction on an extruded strand 3 (see FIG. 3). The rollers 2 can be adjusted to one another to the desired thickness 4 by means of hydraulic cylinders 5, the cylinder tubes 6 of which are fastened to the lower yoke 7 and the piston rods 8 of which engage the upper yoke 9 of the strand guide segment 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Each at the inlet and outlet 11 and 12 (see FIG. 3) of the strand guide segment 1 are paired associated pressure and adjusting spindles 16 adjustable by a motor 13, a gear 14 and drive shafts 15 (see FIG. 4) 1, which are based on pressure transducers 17 in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and on plungers 18 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, which are arranged on a support 19 of the lower yoke 7. The cylinder housings 21 of the plungers 18 have a fixed stop 23 in their cylinder space 22, against which the plungers 24 bear.

Sowohl mittels der Druckmeßdosen 17 als auch der Plunger 18 ist es möglich, die Druckspindeln 16 auch während des Gießens, d.h. dynamisch einzustellen, da sie nämlich eine Entlastung der Druckspindeln 16 erlauben. Um das Dickenmaß bzw. den lichten Abstand 4 zwischen zwei Rollen 2 oder bei in Strangführungssegmenten 1 gelagerten Rollen 2 die Maulweite 25 bzw. 26 (vgl. Fig. 3) zu verstellen, wird der in den Hydraulikzylindern 5 herrschende Druck verringert, was durch die Druckmeßdosen 17 gemessen und angezeigt wird, so daß sich die Druckspindeln 16 über den Antrieb (Motor 13, Getriebe 14, Antriebswellen 15) auf das neue Maß einstellen lassen. Derselbe Effekt, nämlich das lastreduzierte Verstellen der Druckspindeln 16 während des Gießbetriebes wird bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 mit Abstützung der Druckspindeln 16 auf Plunger 18 dadurch erreicht, daß die Plunger 18 im Gießbetrieb mit Kraftüberschuß mit ihren Kolben 24 gegen die Festanschläge 23 im Zylinderraum 22 gefahren werden. Zum Verstellen während des Gießens werden die Plunger 18 drucklos geschaltet, und die auf diese Weise entlasteten Druckspindeln 16 können auf das neue Maulweitenmaß 25, 26 bzw. 4 verfahren werden.Both by means of the pressure load cells 17 and the plungers 18, it is possible to adjust the pressure spindles 16 also during the casting, ie dynamically, since they allow the pressure spindles 16 to be relieved. In order to adjust the thickness or the clear distance 4 between two rollers 2 or in the case of rollers 2 mounted in strand guide segments 1, the mouth width 25 or 26 (see FIG. 3), the pressure prevailing in the hydraulic cylinders 5 is reduced, which is due to the Pressure transducers 17 measured and is displayed so that the pressure spindles 16 can be adjusted to the new dimension via the drive (motor 13, gear 14, drive shafts 15). The same effect, namely the load-reduced adjustment of the pressure spindles 16 during the casting operation is achieved in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 with the support of the pressure spindles 16 on the plunger 18 in that the plungers 18 in the casting operation with excess force with their pistons 24 against the fixed stops 23 in the cylinder space 22 can be driven. To adjust during casting, the plungers 18 are depressurized, and the pressure spindles 16 relieved in this way can be moved to the new jaw size 25, 26 or 4.

Das somit lastreduzierte Verstellen der Druckspindeln 16 ermöglicht es, bei einer Stranggießanlage mit Soft-Reduction-Strecke die in dieser Zone enger als infolge des Schrumpfes des Stranges erforderlich aufeinander zu gefahrenen Rollen auch während des Betriebes an sich wechselnde Gießparameter anzupassen. Die Soft-Reduction-Strecke befindet sich dort, wo im Strang 3 noch ein Restsumpf 27 vorhanden, nach dem Austritt aus der Soft-Reduction-Strecke der Strang aber völlig durcherstarrt ist (vgl. Fig. 3); sie verschiebt sich - bezogen auf die Stranglaufrichtung - bei wechselnden Gießparametern wie insbesondere unterschiedlichen Gießgeschwindigkeiten nach oben oder nach unten. Mittels der Druckmeßdosen 17 werden kontinuierlich die Kräfte gemessen, und kann aus voneinander abweichenden Meßwerten geschlossen werden, wo der Strang 3 noch einen Restsumpf 27 aufweist bzw. wo er bereits durcherstarrt ist. Wird festgestellt, daß sich die Lage der Soft-Reduction-Strecke verschoben hat, ist es nunmehr möglich, die Strangführungsrollen 2 während des Gießbetriebes zu verstellen und an die Lage der Soft-Reduction-Strecke anzupassen, d.h. dort enger als vom Schrumpf her erforderlich anzustellen, da ja die Druckspindeln 16 lastreduziert verstellt werden können.The thus reduced-load adjustment of the pressure spindles 16 makes it possible to adapt the rolls to be moved closer to one another in this zone than required as a result of the shrinkage of the strand, even during operation, to changing casting parameters in a continuous casting installation. The soft reduction section is located where there is still a residual sump 27 in section 3, but after leaving the soft reduction section the section is completely solidified (cf. FIG. 3); it shifts - in relation to the direction of the strand - with changing casting parameters such as in particular different casting speeds up or down. The forces are measured continuously by means of the pressure load cells 17 and can be inferred from measured values which differ from one another, where the strand 3 still has a residual sump 27 or where it has already solidified. If it is found that the position of the soft reduction path has shifted, it is now possible to adjust the strand guide rollers 2 during the casting operation and to adapt them to the position of the soft reduction path, ie to adjust them more closely than required by the shrinkage , since the pressure spindles 16 reduced load can be adjusted.

Sind die Strangführungsrollen 2 in einem Segment 1 gelagert, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, wird aufgrund der Meßwerte das Oberjoch 9 in Richtung zum Auslauf 12 hin schräggestellt, so daß sich eine am Einlauf 11 größere Maulweite 25 als am Auslauf 12 (vgl. die Maulweite 26 in Fig. 3) ergibt. Die Keiligkeit läßt sich entsprechend dem Restsumpf 27 so einstellen, daß auf den Strang 3 innerhalb der Erstarrungsstrecke möglichst kurz vor dem Durcherstarrungspunkt - vgl. in Fig. 3 die mit 28 bezifferte Sumpfspitze - eine Verformung mit einer Dickenabnahme von z.B. 0,5 mm bis 3 mm pro Meter einstellt. Aufgrund der Feststellung der sich verändernden Lage der Soft-Reduction-Strecke und der lastreduzierten Verstellung der Druckspindeln 16 während des Gießbetriebes lassen sich die Strangführungsrollen 2 - egal ob sie einzeln oder als Segment gegeneinander anstellbar sind - stets an wechselnde Gießparameter und/oder eine sich entsprechend verändernde Lage der Sumpfspitze 28 anpassen.If the strand guide rollers 2 are mounted in a segment 1, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper yoke 9 is inclined towards the outlet 12 based on the measured values, so that the mouth width 25 is greater at the inlet 11 than at the outlet 12 (cf. Mouth width 26 in Fig. 3) results. The wedge can be adjusted in accordance with the residual sump 27 so that the strand 3 within the solidification section is as short as possible before the solidification point - cf. in Fig. 3 the sump tip numbered 28 - a deformation with a decrease in thickness of e.g. 0.5 mm to 3 mm per meter. Based on the determination of the changing position of the soft reduction path and the reduced-load adjustment of the pressure spindles 16 during the casting operation, the strand guide rollers 2 - regardless of whether they can be adjusted individually or as a segment against one another - can always be adjusted to changing casting parameters and / or one correspondingly Adjust the changing position of the sump tip 28.

Damit sich bei in Strangführungssegmenten 1 gelagerten Führungsrollen 2 die in Fig. 3 zum Auslauf 12 hin dargestellte Keilform erreichen läßt, sind den Spindelverstellungen noch Positionsgeber 29 (vgl. Fig. 4) zugeordnet, die - ausgehend von einem Eichwert, der sich z.B. durch Absenken des Oberjoches 9 auf Festanschläge erreichen läßt - ein mehr oder weniger weites Auffahren am Einlauf und Auslauf 11, 12 ermöglichen.In order that the wedge shape shown in FIG. 3 towards the outlet 12 can be achieved in the case of guide rollers 2 mounted in strand guide segments 1, position adjusters 29 (see FIG. 4) are also assigned to the spindle adjusters, which - starting from a calibration value which e.g. can be reached by lowering the upper yoke 9 to fixed stops - allow a more or less wide opening at the inlet and outlet 11, 12.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zum Stranggießen von Brammen oder Blöcken in einer Stranggießanlage mit Soft-Reduction-Strecke, die einzeln oder als Segment mittels Hydraulikzylinder gegeneinander anstellbare und mittels Spindeln in ihrem lichten Abstand (Maulweite) zueinander stufenlos einstellbare Rollen aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Spindeln lastreduziert auf ein gewünschtes Maulweitenmaß verfahren werden.Process for the continuous casting of slabs or blocks in a continuous casting plant with a soft reduction section, which has rollers which can be adjusted individually or as a segment by means of hydraulic cylinders and can be infinitely adjusted by means of spindles with their clear distance (internal width),
characterized,
that the spindles are moved to a desired jaw size with reduced load. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Differenz zwischen Zylinderkraft und ferrostatischer Last kontinuierlich gemessen wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the difference between the cylinder force and the ferrostatic load is measured continuously. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Spindeln gegen einen hydraulischen Anschlag gefahren werden.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the spindles are driven against a hydraulic stop. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sich die Spindeln (16) auf Druckmeßdosen (17) abstützen.Device for performing the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the spindles (16) are supported on pressure cells (17). Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jeweils zwischen einer Spindel (16) und einer Auflage (19) des Unterjoches (7) ein Plunger (18) angeordnet ist.Device for performing the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that a plunger (18) is arranged between a spindle (16) and a support (19) of the lower yoke (7). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Plunger (18) in ihrem Zylinderraum (21) einen Festanschlag (23) aufweisen.Device according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the plungers (18) have a fixed stop (23) in their cylinder space (21).
EP92119157A 1991-11-26 1992-11-09 Method and apparatus for continuous casting of ingots or blooms Revoked EP0545104B1 (en)

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DE4138740 1991-11-26
DE4138740A DE4138740A1 (en) 1991-11-26 1991-11-26 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY casting slabs or blocks

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EP0545104A3 EP0545104A3 (en) 1993-06-30
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CN112355262A (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-12 湖南工程学院 Control device for slab continuous casting dynamic soft reduction

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DE4138740A1 (en) 1993-05-27
US5348074A (en) 1994-09-20
DE59208291D1 (en) 1997-05-07
CA2083804C (en) 2000-05-23
ATE150993T1 (en) 1997-04-15
ES2099784T3 (en) 1997-06-01
EP0545104B1 (en) 1997-04-02
CA2083804A1 (en) 1993-05-27
EP0545104A3 (en) 1993-06-30

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