EP0543320A1 - Device for producing concrete piles in the ground - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for producing piles made of concrete or a similar curable injected material in the ground having two, three or four parallel vibrating tubes (10), which are connected to one another by means of a common displacement box (16), together with which they form an overall cross section with a closed geometric shape. The displacement box has on its lower end sliding surfaces (24) which converge at an angle downwards. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

A device of this type is known from DE-OS 2 236 901. However, this known device uses more than one vibrating tube on a common leader only in the event that the vibrating tubes are arranged in a line next to one another and are used to produce a narrow diaphragm wall in the ground. For the manufacture of a pile in the ground, only a single vibrating tube can be used in the known device. Guide blades can be arranged on both sides of the tip of the vibrating tube for better guidance in the ground. Such a vibrating tube has a diameter of approximately 40 cm. This diameter cannot be increased significantly since experience has shown that it is the optimum for penetration of the vibrating tube. The speed of penetration of a vibrating tube into the ground is greater, the smaller its diameter, the greater its vibrating frequency and the greater its vibration amplitude.

The interior of the hollow vibrating tube is used in the known device as a concrete feed tube, which is open at the bottom of the vibrating tube. The concrete feed pipe is filled with pressurized concrete or the like during the penetration of the device into the ground so that no ground can penetrate into the open end of the feed pipe.

According to the state of the art, piles with a larger diameter are either introduced in such a way that they are poured and hardened outside the ground and then hammered into the ground by means of impact hammers with a high level of noise and vibration, or by lengthy drilling out of the ground beforehand with a drill and then the Concrete is filled into the resulting cavity.

The invention is intended to improve a device of the type mentioned at the outset so that piles with the cross-section of a vibrating tube of 40 cm in diameter substantially exceeding closed cross-sections, the smallest transverse dimension of which is ≧ approximately 40 cm, are introduced into the ground in a simple and rapid manner can.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

The vibrating tubes, which are rigidly connected to the displacement box, cause the entire device to vibrate in such a way that it can effectively penetrate the soil. The oblique sliding surfaces of the displacement box interact with the tips of the vibrating tubes to displace the soil. The closed cross-sectional shape of the device ensures favorable compaction of the displaced soil. After lowering the device in that Soil, like in the known devices, concrete or similar hardenable injection material is introduced into the cavity of the soil that is released when the device is pulled, through the material feed pipe, so that the cavity is completely filled. This results in a pile of concrete or the like. With considerably larger dimensions than can be achieved with known devices with a single tubular vibrator.

The displacement box is preferably made of hollow steel sheet or the like. A cross-sectional ratio in which the cross-section of the displacement box is approximately 1: 2 to the sum of the cross-sections of all vibrating tubes has proven to be particularly expedient, although this ratio is not essential for the device according to the invention.

Embodiments designed with two, three or four vibrating tubes are particularly advantageous.

A material feed pipe is preferably arranged in the displacement box, where it is best protected against damage and opens at the bottom near an opening of the displacement box. If it is to be avoided that soil penetrates the displacement box, the two openings can also coincide.

Claims 4 to 6 relate to advantageous refinements of devices for fixing the parts of the device to one another and to the leader carrying them.

With certain soil compositions, it may be helpful to provide a larger opening at the bottom of the displacement box through which the soil can pass can penetrate when lowering the device. In an advantageous development of the invention according to claim 7, the opening of the displacement box can be closed after taking up the soil and thus the penetrated soil can be pulled out with the device. For this purpose, the displacement box is given a greater height so that it extends over the entire length of the vibrating tubes.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform mit drei Rüttelrohren, wobei das obere Ende der Vorrichtung und die sie tragenden Teile weggelassen sind,

Fig. 2

einen vergrößerten Schnitt längs der Linie II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

einen Schnitt längs der Linie III-III in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

einen der Fig. 2 entsprechenden Schnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform mit zwei Rüttelrohren,

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt längs der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 6 durch eine dritte Ausführungsform mit vier Rüttelrohren, und

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt längs der Linie VII-VII in Fig. 5.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with the aid of the figures. It shows:

Fig. 1

2 shows a side view of a first embodiment with three vibrating tubes, the upper end of the device and the parts carrying it being omitted,

Fig. 2

2 shows an enlarged section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

2 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2,

Fig. 4

1 corresponding section through a second embodiment with two vibrating tubes,

Fig. 5

a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 6 by a third embodiment with four vibrating tubes, and

Fig. 6

a section along the line VII-VII in Fig. 5th

The same reference numerals are used in all figures for the same or corresponding parts.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 three parallel vibrating tubes 10 with conical tips 12 are provided at their lower ends. The vibrating tubes 10 are arranged in approximately semicircular cross-sections of recesses of a common displacement box 16 made of hollow steel sheet. In this arrangement, together with the displacement box, as can be seen in FIG. 2, they form an equilateral triangle with rounded corners in cross section. This closed form is therefore very well suited both for penetration into the ground and for the manufacture of a pile made of concrete or the like, which has approximately the same cross section.

In the interior of the displacer box 16, a material feed pipe 18 running parallel to the vibrating pipes 10 is provided in the middle thereof, which ends at the bottom in an opening 20 and has a feed line 22 at the top. The displacement box 16 has at its lower end approximately in the region of the tips 12 of the vibrating tubes 10 sliding surfaces 24 converging obliquely downwards, which form an opening 26 directed downwards. The opening 26 is located so that concrete or the like introduced under pressure in the material feed pipe 18 can flow out through the opening into the ground, while the device is pulled up again after the end of the lowering, so that the material completely clears the released cavity in the ground fills out.

Each vibrating tube is interrupted in its upper area in a manner known per se via a hard elastic coupling member 32 which largely dampens the vibrations generated by the vibrating motor, not shown, in the lower part of the vibrating tube in the section of the vibrating tube 10 located above the coupling member 32. These upper sections of the vibrating tubes are connected to one another by a rigid support part 28, while those subjected to the vibrating vibrations lower sections of the vibrating tubes 10 are connected to each other and to the displacement box 16 by a hard elastic connecting member 30. The connecting member 30 is preferably attached approximately at the level of the amplitude of the vibrating tube vibrations. The vibrating tubes 10 are held stably in the recesses 14 of the displacement box 16 by the carrier part 28 and the connecting member 30.

In the simpler embodiment shown in FIG. 4, only two vibrating tubes 10 are arranged in recesses 14 ′ of circular displacement in cross section 14 ′ of a displacement box 16 ′, which results in a substantially approximately rectangular overall cross-section of the device with rounded corners formed by the vibrating tubes 10. Otherwise, this embodiment can be designed analogously to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Finally, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has four parallel vibrating tubes 10, which are arranged in corresponding recesses 14 ″ of a displacement box 16 ″ and, with this, result in an approximately square overall cross section of the device with rounded corners formed by the vibrating tubes 10. This device accordingly produces a very stable concrete pile with an approximately square cross section.

In this embodiment with a relatively large cross-section, it may be expedient to absorb part of the displaced soil into the interior of the displacement box when lowering the device and to lift it out of the borehole when pulling the device. For this purpose, the inclined sliding surfaces 24 ″ form a much larger opening 26 ″ at the lower end of the displacement box 16 ″, through which the material feed tube 18 exits and protrudes somewhat. The opening 26 ″ is essentially square and can be closed in the closed position shown in the left half of FIG. 6 by a likewise slidable closure slide 44 that can be moved in the axial direction of the device, ie parallel to the vibrating tubes 10. The plate-shaped closure slide 44 has a central opening 46 which comprises the material feed pipe 30. On the upper side of the slide slide 44, the piston rods 48 are pivotably articulated by two vertically acting hydraulic cylinders, which in turn are pivotally mounted at their upper ends on a holding bridge 52 welded firmly in the displacement box 16 ″. The holding bridge 52 carries a central ring 54 which surrounds the material feed pipe 18. In the extended state of the hydraulic cylinders 50, the locking slide 44 is moved into the locking position shown in the left half of FIG. 6, and when the hydraulic cylinders 50 are retracted, the locking slide moves into the open position 44 'indicated in the right half of FIG. 6. In this open position, when the device is lowered, soil can penetrate into the interior of the displacement box 16 ″ according to arrow 56. At the lowest point of the lowering movement of the device, the hydraulic cylinders 50 are extended and the opening 26 ″ is thereby closed. The soil located inside the displacement box 16 '' is therefore taken upwards when the device is pulled, so that not only the lowering of the device due to the penetration of the soil into the displacement box 16 '' is opposed to less resistance, but also the filling the resulting cavity with concrete or the like. Is significantly facilitated. In a manner not shown, in this embodiment the displacement box 16 ″ extends essentially over the entire height of the vibrating tubes 10.

Claims (7)

Device for producing structures made of concrete or similar hardenable injection material in the ground, with at least one vibrating tube carried by a leader, provided with an electric vibrating motor and a tip, and with at least one material feed tube running parallel to the vibrating tube and having an opening at its lower end, wherein at least a second vibrating tube is carried parallel to the first at a distance from this by leader, characterized in that the device for the manufacture of piles has the following features:
a displacement box (16, 16 ', 16'') is arranged in the space between the vibrating tubes (10);
each vibrating tube (10) is arranged in a recess of the displacement box (16, 16 ', 16'') with an approximately circular arc-shaped cross section;
the vibrating tubes (10) are connected to each other and to the displacement box (16, 16 ', 16'') by a hard elastic connecting member (30);
the displacement box (16, 16 ', 16'') has sliding surfaces (24) converging obliquely downwards in the region of the tips (12) of the vibrating tubes (10). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has two, three or four parallel vibrating tubes (10) which, together with the displacement box (16, 16 ', 16''), are essentially rectangular (Fig. 5), equilateral triangular (Fig. 2) and square (Fig. 6) form a cross section with rounded corners, the rounded corners each being formed by the vibrating tubes (10). Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material feed pipe (18) is arranged in the displacement box 16, 16 ', 16' ') and that the material feed pipe has an opening (20) at the lower end which is in line with the opening (26 , 26 '') of the material feed pipe (18) is arranged identically or close to it. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting member (30) consists of a rubber-metal composite part. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting member (30) is mounted approximately at the level of the amplitude minimum of the vibrating tube vibrations. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vibrating tubes (10) are each connected to a rigid or hard-elastic support part (28) near their upper end via a hard-elastic vibrating tube coupling (32). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening (26 '') at the lower end of the displacement box (16 '') by means of a slide valve device which can be actuated by means of hydraulic cylinders (50) (44) except for a passage (46) for the material feed pipe (18) can be closed and that the displacement box (16 '') extends essentially over the entire length of the vibrating pipes (10).

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