EP0542809B1 - Procede et appareil pour le couchage par voile - Google Patents

Procede et appareil pour le couchage par voile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0542809B1
EP0542809B1 EP91914065A EP91914065A EP0542809B1 EP 0542809 B1 EP0542809 B1 EP 0542809B1 EP 91914065 A EP91914065 A EP 91914065A EP 91914065 A EP91914065 A EP 91914065A EP 0542809 B1 EP0542809 B1 EP 0542809B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
enclosure
curtain
flow
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91914065A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0542809A1 (fr
Inventor
Douglas Scott Finnicum
Edward Raymond Schickler
Robert Allen Wahlers
William J. Soules
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Publication of EP0542809A1 publication Critical patent/EP0542809A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0542809B1 publication Critical patent/EP0542809B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/007—Slide-hopper coaters, i.e. apparatus in which the liquid or other fluent material flows freely on an inclined surface before contacting the work
    • B05C5/008—Slide-hopper curtain coaters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G03C2001/7433—Curtain coating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G03C2001/7485—Shielding means against air disturbances

Definitions

  • This invention relates to curtain coating webs or articles with liquid.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,287,240 issued September 1, 1981 to Thomas R. O'Connor, describes a coating apparatus provided with a protective shield.
  • the coating apparatus therein described includes a hopper for forming a layer of liquid and for forming the layer into a curtain falling under gravity.
  • a web to be coated is trained about a support roller which is disposed with its axis of rotation parallel to the plane of the curtain and so that the curtain impinges on the web while the web is on the support roller.
  • the web approaches and leaves the support roller substantially horizontally.
  • Disposed about the hopper and extending down as far as just above the web approaching the support roller, is a foraminous shield.
  • the shield is substantially box shaped, with its sixth, the bottom, side open.
  • the shield is formed from fine-mesh metal screening and is of double walled construction.
  • the shield was intended to diffuse air currents impinging thereon so that their velocity is decreased, with a resulting decrease in their ability to disturb the flow of coating liquid. Indeed, it has been found that the residual air currents are necessary to prevent the build-up of water or solvent vapor inside the shield, the water or solvent vapor having evaporated from the liquid intended to form the coating.
  • the protective shield described in Patent no. 4,287,240 does no more than was intended of it, namely to reduce, but not eliminate, the effects of the ambient air currents. It has been found that it does not eliminate the adverse effects of currents in air around the hopper and curtain including disturbance of the curtain. Furthermore, the air contacting the liquids in the curtain is the air of the coating room which contains dust particles even though the most stringent efforts may be made to achieve clean air.
  • the Ruschak shield does not overlay the major portion of even one side of the curtain and does nothing to protect the other side of the curtain. It is intended solely to prevent disturbance of the liquid on the slide surface.
  • German Patent Application 2723444 a method wherein a free falling curtain is sucked toward a rigid member by the use of laminar air flow is described.
  • the curtain thus falls in a curved trajectory, i.e. it follows the shape of the rigid member.
  • This member therefore subjects the curtain to air currents which are intended to disturb the natural free falling path that the curtain would follow to the web.
  • the present invention overcomes these problems by providing an enclosure which provides a space around the hopper and the falling curtain, wherein the direction, velocity and quality of air flow may be controlled. Turbulence and dust content are examples of the quality of air flow.
  • the temperature of the air introduced into the enclosure is, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, controlled so as to approximate the temperature of the falling liquid.
  • the humidity is controlled so that condensation within the enclosure is avoided.
  • the apparatus illustrated in figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings includes an enclosure 10 supported by columns 14 extending up from a floor 12.
  • the enclosure 10 is imperforate and is formed of sheet metal except where a window 16 is provided.
  • the window is glazed.
  • the sheet metal is laminated with insulating material so that even if the temperature inside the enclosure is greater than that outside the enclosure and the humidity inside the enclosure is high, there can be no chance of condensation on the inside of the enclosure and hence there can be no chance of condensate falling as droplets within the enclosure.
  • a coating hopper 18 of known form, which forms liquids to be coated into a falling curtain 20.
  • the hopper is disposed above a support roller 22, the axis of rotation of which is parallel to the plane of curtain 20.
  • a web 24 to be coated is supported for movement through the curtain by means which in the present embodiment is the support roller 22, and its path to the support roller 22 is defined by guide rollers 26 and 28.
  • the path of the web from the support roller 22 is defined by guide rollers 30 and 32.
  • the guide rollers 26 and 32 are disposed below slots in an upwardly facing horizontal wall 33 of the enclosure 10. The slots allow passage of the web 24 into and out of the enclosure 10.
  • the slots are slightly longer than the width of the web 24 and may be of the order of 2.54 cm (1 inch) wide.
  • the hopper 18, the support roller 22, the guide rollers 26, 28, 30, 32 and other ancillary equipment not shown and described herein but known by those skilled in the art to be necessary, are mounted on frame structure extending up from the floor and passing through the enclosure wall in sealed manner, or from the supports 14.
  • the shape of the upper left hand portion of the enclosure 10, as seen in Fig. 2, is not material to the present invention but is dictated by the presence of other equipment in this region.
  • wall 36 visible in Fig. 1
  • door 38 which can slide away upwards into an extension 40 of the enclosure 10.
  • the air flow controlling means 44 is schematically represented in Fig. 2 and is shown in Fig. 3 and comprises four plates 46, 48, 50, 52 which are disposed horizontally, one above the other, in spaced relationship from one another. Each of the plates is contiguous at its periphery with the enclosure 10.
  • the plates serve to divide the interior of the enclosure into two chambers, that above the plates constituting a plenum chamber 43 into which air is introduced through the ducts 42 and that below the plates being the region within which the hopper 18, the support roller 22, and, in use, the curtain 20 are disposed.
  • the plates 46 to 52 have perforations 54 and it is arranged that perforations in adjacent plates are not aligned vertically. In this way, air introduced into the plenum chamber above the plates has to follow a tortuous path through perforations in adjacent plates as it flows downwards away from the plenum chamber.
  • the total area of perforations 54 in each plate and the rate of feed of air through the ducts into the plenum chamber are so chosen that the air flow rate around the hopper 18 and liquid curtain 20 is uniform and the velocity is such that the falling liquid in the curtain is not disturbed, in other words, it is neither materially accelerated nor decelerated relative to a still air condition, and it is not deflected from a plane it would adapt free falling in still air.
  • the air velocity may be of the order of about 5.08 cm/sec (10 ft/min), directed approximately vertically downwards.
  • the speed of the air flow just below the controlling means 44 is somewhat higher than the speed desired around the hopper and curtain.
  • One particular form of air flow controlling means have been described which provide downstream flow speeds which are substantially uniform in a plane transverse to the direction of flow.
  • other forms of flow controlling means may be used and are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • ducts 55 open to the interior of the enclosure.
  • the positioning and relative sizing of the ducts 55 are so selected as to enhance the uniformity of flow rate and the approximately vertically downwards flow direction, around the hopper and curtain. The positions and relative sizes will vary from installation to installation.
  • the means for controlling the outflow rate includes blower means 57 which are so controlled as to maintain the supra-ambient pressure in the enclosure.
  • the blower means is preferable over simple throttling means, in the present embodiment, because the outflowing air is ducted to a location external of the coating room because it contains solvents from the liquid which have evaporated into the air in the enclosure.
  • Diagrammatically represented at 56 in Fig. 1 are means for blowing air down the ducts 42 and for conditioning the air in humidity, temperature and cleanliness before it passes into the ducts 42.
  • web 24 is moved through the slot in the enclosure wall 33, to the support roller 22 about guide rollers 26, 28, passes around the support roller 22 and moves away from the support roller 22 about guide rollers 30, 32. After leaving the guide roller 32, the web passes through the other slot in the enclosure wall 33 to the exterior of the enclosure and thence onwards to driers and other devices.
  • Liquids to be coated on the web 24 are supplied to the hopper 18 and, in known manner, are caused to flow out of slots in the inclined upper, slide surface of the hopper so that they flow down the slide surface as discrete layers, forming a composite layer which falls off the lip of the hopper. In falling off the lip of the hopper 18, the composite layer forms the falling curtain 20.
  • the liquids in the curtain impinge on the web 24 where it is on the support roller 22 and form a uniform layer thereon.
  • Air is heated to a temperature somewhat in excess of the temperature of the liquids in the curtain 20, in the conditioning and blowing means 56.
  • the excess temperature is to allow for cooling by the time the air is in the region of the liquid in the curtain 20.
  • the humidity is adjusted in the means 56 so that no condensation occurs within the enclosure even though solvent or vehicle in the liquids in the curtain evaporates.
  • the conditioning means also cleans the air thereby removing all particles which, if they became entrained in the coating liquids, would cause defects in the coated web.
  • the means 56 also serve to blow conditioned air into the ducts 42 at a rate appropriate for causing an air speed within the enclosure adjacent the curtain of about 5.08 cm/sec (10 ft/min).
  • the rate of feed of air to the plenum is such as to produce an air speed in the region of the curtain of about 5.08 cm/sec (10 ft/min). Such a speed is sufficient to prevent the build up of solvent or vehicle evaporating from the liquids in the curtain, but is not so high as to create any undesirable effects on the curtain.
  • the air After passing downwards past the curtain and support roller, the air continues downwards into the lowest region of the enclosure 10 from which it leaves through the ducts 55. Because the change in air flow pattern associated with flowing out of the ducts 55 is well below the curtain, there is no adverse effect on the curtain caused by such change in flow pattern.
  • the air pressure within the enclosure 10 is maintained slightly above the pressure outside the enclosure so that air currents, perhaps containing dust particles and probably with a temperature and a humidity different to that delivered by the ducts 42, do not enter the enclosure through openings it may intentionally or inadvertently have.
  • the air supplied to the interior of the enclosure has a temperature approximately that of the coating liquids, all equipment, such as the mounts for the hopper, the support roller and the guide rollers, is maintained at the same temperature as the coating liquids. Thus, there is nothing above the web adjacent the hopper or above the hopper which could rain droplets of condensed solvent or vehicle onto the web or the coating liquids. Even if there should be any condensation outside the enclosure and above the hopper, the enclosure acts as an umbrella.

Abstract

Appareil pour le couchage par voile d'une bande ou d'un objet, comprenant une chargeuse de revêtement, un rouleau porteur, des rouleaux-guides servant à déplacer la bande vers le rouleau porteur et dans la direction opposée, et une enceinte. L'air qui se trouve dans des conditions prédéterminées de température, d'humidité et de propreté est introduit dans une zone supérieure de l'enceinte. Des systèmes de commande de l'écoulement d'air sont prévus sous la zone dans laquelle l'air conditionné est introduit. Lesdits systèmes de commande de l'écoulement d'air servent à commander l'écoulement de l'air vers le bas de sorte qu'il soit uniforme au niveau d'un plan horizontal situé dans l'enceinte et de sorte qu'il ait une vitesse d'environ 10 pieds par minute dans la zone des liquides de revêtement situés dans le voile, cette vitesse ne provoquant pas d'effets dommageables sur les liquides présents dans le voile. L'enceinte permet d'éviter que des courants d'air aléatoires ayant une vitesse, une température et une propreté non vérifiées, aient une incidence sur les liquides présents dans le voile et sur la diapositive, car ceci pourrait affecter défavorablement le revêtement du produit. Le changement d'air et l'humidité choisie pour l'air entrant maintiennent l'humidité ayant tendance à augmenter en raison de l'évaporation du solvent ou du véhicule présent dans le liquide de revêtement. L'air sort de l'enceinte bien en-dessous du voile, au niveau de la zone la plus basse de l'enceinte. Dans l'enceinte, l'air se trouve à une température proche de celle des liquides de revêtement. On évite de cette manière la condensation du solvent ou du véhicule évaporé sur les appareils situés au-dessus et autour du voile liquide.

Claims (16)

  1. Appareil de revêtement d'une bande (24) ou d'un objet par un liquide, à l'aide d'une trémie (18) destinée à former une couche de liquide et à mettre la couche sous forme d'un rideau (20) qui tombe sous l'action de la pesanteur, un dispositif (22) de support de la bande (24) ou de l'objet afin qu'il se déplace dans le rideau (20), une enceinte (10) qui entoure la trémie (18), le dispositif (22) de support de la bande (24) ou de l'objet, et, pendant l'utilisation, le rideau (20), caractérisé par :
       un dispositif (42) destiné à introduire un courant d'air dans une région supérieure de l'enceinte (10), et
       un dispositif (55) destiné à permettre à l'air de circuler vers l'extérieur d'une région inférieure de l'enceinte (10), si bien que le courant d'air descend en direction pratiquement verticale dans la région du rideau (20) et à une faible vitesse telle que la perturbation du rideau est évitée.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en outre par un dispositif (56) de chauffage de l'air avant introduction dans l'enceinte (10), si bien que la température de l'air dans la région du rideau est approximativement la même que la température du liquide du rideau.
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en outre en ce que le dispositif d'introduction d'air est destiné à introduire de l'air avec un débit tel que la vitesse de l'air autour du rideau qui descend est d'environ 5,08 cm/s (10 pieds par minute), si bien que les effets nuisibles pour le revêtement, dus à la perturbation du rideau par le courant d'air, sont évités.
  4. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en outre par un dispositif (44) de réglage de la circulation de l'air, destiné à mettre le courant d'air introduit dans l'enceinte sous forme d'un courant pratiquement vertical descendant non turbulent.
  5. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en outre en ce que le dispositif (55) destiné à permettre à l'air de s'écouler vers l'extérieur de la région inférieure de l'enceinte comporte un dispositif destiné à limiter l'écoulement de l'air afin que la pression dans l'enceinte soit supérieure à la pression à l'extérieur de l'enceinte.
  6. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en outre par un dispositif d'ajustement de l'humidité de l'air avant introduction dans l'enceinte.
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en outre en ce que le dispositif (56) d'introduction d'air est destiné à introduire de l'air avec un débit tel que la vitesse de l'air autour du rideau qui tombe est d'environ 5,08 cm/s (10 pieds par minute), si bien que les effets nuisibles au revêtement, provoqués par la perturbation du rideau par le courant d'air, sont évités.
  8. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en outre par un dispositif (56) d'épuration de l'air avant son introduction dans l'enceinte.
  9. Procédé de revêtement d'une bande (24) ou d'un objet par un liquide par disposition d'une trémie (18) de formation d'une couche de liquide et de mise de la couche sous forme d'un rideau (20) tombant sous l'action de la pesanteur, par support et déplacement de la bande (24) ou de l'objet dans le rideau (20), et par formation d'une enceinte (10) autour de la trémie (18) et du rideau (20) et de la bande (24) ou de l'objet qui est frappé par le liquide du rideau, caractérisé par :
       l'introduction d'un courant d'air dans une région supérieure de l'enceinte, et
       l'écoulement naturel de l'air à l'extérieur de la région inférieure de l'enceinte afin que l'écoulement de l'air s'effectue en direction pratiquement verticale descendante dans la région du rideau et ait une faible vitesse telle que la perturbation du rideau est évitée.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en outre par le maintien de la pression de l'air dans l'enceinte à une valeur supérieure à la pression de l'air à l'extérieur de l'enceinte.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en outre par le chauffage de l'air avant introduction dans l'enceinte, si bien que la température de l'air dans la région du rideau est approximativement la même que la température du liquide dans le rideau.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en outre par l'introduction d'air dans l'enceinte avec un débit tel que la vitesse de l'air autour du rideau qui descend est d'environ 5,08 cm/s (10 pieds par minute), et les effets nuisibles au revêtement, provoqués par la perturbation du rideau par la circulation de l'air, sont évités.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en outre par le réglage de la circulation de l'air afin qu'il forme un courant d'air introduit dans l'enceinte en formant un courant non turbulent pratiquement descendant d'air autour du rideau.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en outre par l'ajustement de l'humidité de l'air destiné à être introduit dans l'enceinte afin que la condensation dans l'enceinte et une évaporation excessive du liquide du rideau soient toutes deux évitées.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en outre par le réglage du débit de l'humidité du courant d'air introduit dans l'enceinte, si bien qu'il n'existe pas de condensation dans l'enceinte.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en outre par l'épuration de l'air destiné à être introduit dans l'enceinte.
EP91914065A 1990-07-30 1991-07-24 Procede et appareil pour le couchage par voile Expired - Lifetime EP0542809B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US55980690A 1990-07-30 1990-07-30
US559806 1990-07-30
PCT/US1991/005248 WO1992002851A2 (fr) 1990-07-30 1991-07-24 Procede et appareil pour le couchage par voile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0542809A1 EP0542809A1 (fr) 1993-05-26
EP0542809B1 true EP0542809B1 (fr) 1995-07-05

Family

ID=24235102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91914065A Expired - Lifetime EP0542809B1 (fr) 1990-07-30 1991-07-24 Procede et appareil pour le couchage par voile

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0542809B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07502450A (fr)
DE (1) DE69111069T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992002851A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0704752B1 (fr) * 1994-09-27 2001-05-30 ILFORD Imaging Switzerland GmbH Procédé et appareil pour le revêtement par rideau d'un support en mouvement.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1559701A (en) * 1976-05-26 1980-01-23 Ciba Geigy Ag Curtain coating
US4287240A (en) * 1980-04-11 1981-09-01 Eastman Kodak Company Coating apparatus provided with a protective shield
JPH0627929B2 (ja) * 1988-07-28 1994-04-13 イーストマン・コダック・カンパニー 保護シールドを具備した被覆装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH07502450A (ja) 1995-03-16
DE69111069T2 (de) 1996-03-14
DE69111069D1 (de) 1995-08-10
WO1992002851A3 (fr) 1992-04-02
EP0542809A1 (fr) 1993-05-26
WO1992002851A2 (fr) 1992-02-20

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