EP0537754B1 - Système de démarrage pour un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents
Système de démarrage pour un moteur à combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0537754B1 EP0537754B1 EP92117658A EP92117658A EP0537754B1 EP 0537754 B1 EP0537754 B1 EP 0537754B1 EP 92117658 A EP92117658 A EP 92117658A EP 92117658 A EP92117658 A EP 92117658A EP 0537754 B1 EP0537754 B1 EP 0537754B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- period
- time
- solenoid
- current
- control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0859—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines specially adapted to the type of the starter motor or integrated into it
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
- F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
- F02N2200/022—Engine speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
- F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
- F02N2300/102—Control of the starter motor speed; Control of the engine speed during cranking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a starter system for an internal combustion engine, and specifically to a system of the type defined in the first part of Claim 1.
- a starter system of this type is described for example in EP - A - 0 373 777.
- Such a system includes a control circuit preset to supply the winding or solenoid of the electromagnetic control device initially with a dc current, and then with a low average value pulsed current. Commutation of dc current to pulsed current occurs on closing the switch controlled by the said solenoid, which therefore determines the supply of power to the starter motor.
- the length of time which lapses between activating the starter system and commuting the current is generally not constant. Furthermore, when the switch closes the translatable pinion does not always mesh effectively with the toothed ring or flywheel of the motor, as the pinion teeth may frontally strike those of the toothed ring. When this happens, the commutation of the current in the said solenoid to the low average value pulsed current determines a reduction in the force with which the pinion is thrust towards the toothed ring. Furthermore, this commutation of current occurs simultaneously with the activation of the starter motor which causes the rotation of the pinion.
- the object of the invention is to provide a starter system which overcomes the above disadvantage.
- commutation of dc current to pulsed current in the said winding or solenoid does not occur when the associated switch is closed but only once it is ascertained that the toothed ring of the motor has actually started to rotate.
- the threshold for the minimum speed of rotation mentioned in Claim 1 can be, for example, 30-40 rpm.
- the battery of a motor vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine (not shown) is indicated 1.
- the negative pole of the battery 1 is grounded while the positive pole is connected to a node 2.
- Two circuit branches 3 and 4 lead from this node 2.
- a manual switch 5 for example incorporated into a conventional key-operated ignition and starter switch.
- a winding or solenoid 20 is arranged between the commutator 6 and ground.
- the solenoid 20 is adapted, in a conventional manner, to control a normally-open contact 11 in the circuit branch 4.
- a dc starter motor M is disposed in the circuit branch 4, between the switch 11 and ground.
- the motor M is intended to drive the pinion 12 to rotate; the pinion is mounted for translation in conventional manner but driven to rotate by the shaft of the said motor.
- the solenoid 20 and the associated switch 11 generally form an electromagnetic control device which, when excited, allows current to flow from the battery 1 to the motor M and causes (in a conventional manner) the translation of the pinion 12 towards a working position in which it meshes rotatably with a rotatable toothed member (flywheel) 13 of the internal combustion engine, thereby starting it.
- a sensor 14 provides an electrical output signal indicating the speed of rotation (rpm) of the internal combustion engine.
- This sensor is of a conventional type, for example of the type known as a phonic wheel.
- This sensor may be, for example, the sensor frequently used to supply information on the engine rpm to the electronic units controlling the ignition and/or fuel injection of the internal combustion engine, or a sensor associated with the flywheel 13 of the engine.
- the sensor 14 is connected at its input to a comparison and timing circuit 15, the output of which is connected to the input of a control circuit 17 which controls the electronic switch 6.
- the control circuit 17 applies a signal to the switch 6 allowing it to conduct current. If, in this condition, the switch 5 is closed (time instant t0 in Figures 2 and 3), a current can flow through the circuit branch 3 and the excitation winding or solenoid 20. In this phase the control circuit 17 causes a dc current to flow through the switch 6 and thereby through the solenoid 20, for a predetermined constant period of time, that is until the time instant t a in Figures 2 and 3. This dc current may either be constant in time ( Figure 2) or variable ( Figure 3) as will be explained later.
- the time period t a -t0 is determined in advance on the basis of the characteristics of the electromagnetic starter motor control device and of the internal combustion engine. This period must be at least equal to the time normally required to close the switch 11, move the pinion 12 into mesh with the toothed ring 13, and to start the rotation of the shaft of the internal combustion engine up to a minimum threshold speed of rotation (for example 30-40 rpm).
- the flow of current through the winding 20 causes displacement of a moving element or core (not shown) and consequent closure of the contact 11, causing translation of the pinion 12 to engage with the flywheel 13. Following the closure of the contact 11, a high current is supplied to the motor M.
- the said motor therefore causes the pinion 12 to rotate thereby driving the shaft of the internal combustion engine into rotation.
- the comparison circuit 15 detects that the engine crankshaft speed has not exceeded its minimum threshold, it inhibits the control circuit 17 which in turn inhibits the switch 6. If this happens, the starting operation must be repeated.
- the comparison circuit 15 sends the control circuit 17 a signal causing this circuit to control the switch 6 in on/off mode, causing a pulsed current, in particular of a pulse width modulated (PWM) current to pass through it.
- PWM pulse width modulated
- the pulsed current is made to flow through the switch 6 at the most for a predetermined and constant time period t b -t a which ends at the time instant t b in Figures 2 and 3.
- a predetermined value for example 400 rpm
- the circuit 15 inhibits the control circuit 17 which in turn finally inhibits the switch 6.
- the time period t b -t a is fixed and is determined in advance on the basis of the characteristics of the starter motor M and of the internal combustion engine. This period must be at least equal to the time normally taken for the speed of rotation of the internal combustion engine to rise from the said minimum threshold (30-40 rpm) to the self-sustaining speed.
- control circuit 17 may be preset so as to apply to the solenoid 20 a voltage which assumes a constant value over the period t a -t0 ( Figure 2).
- control circuit 17 may be set to control the conduction of current through the electronic switch 6 so that over the time period t a -t0 the voltage between the node 7 and ground and therefore the voltage applied to the solenoid 20, initially assumes a low value V1 increasing gradually thereafter up to a predetermined final value V2. Substantially, this occurs in such a way that the voltage between the node 7 and ground increases initially as shown in Figure 3:
- the electronic switch 6 may appropriately be a transistor.
- the control circuit 17 of Figure 1 is easily made from control stages of conventional type, able to make the transistor operate in a substantially linear manner and in an on/off mode.
- the starter system described above with reference to Figure 1 also includes an electrical temperature sensor 18, preferably arranged adjacent the electromagnetic control device 20, 11.
- the control circuit 17 has a further convenient input connected to this sensor.
- Such a control circuit is able to control the electronic switch 6 so as to modify the average value of the current flowing through the solenoid in dependence on the temperature measured by the sensor 18.
- the circuit 17 controls the electronic switch 6 so that it supplies increasing (decreasing) average current to the solenoid 20.
- This arrangement enables any increase/decrease in the electrical resistance of the solenoid 20, as a result of any increase/decrease in temperature, to be compensated.
- the pulse width modulation (PWM) control of the electronic switch 6 in the time period t b -t a means less power is dissipated in the excitation solenoid 20.
- this solenoid may be made with fewer turns, each having a greater cross-section. This means that for the same voltage supplied the ampere-turns can be increased, thereby increasing the power of the electromagnetic control device.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Characterised By The Charging Evacuation (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Système de démarrage pour un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant
une source de tension de courant continu (1),
un moteur de démarreur électrique (M) servant à provoquer la rotation d'un pignon déplaçable (12),
un dispositif de commande (20; 11) électromagnétique comprenant au moins un enroulement (20) servant, lorsqu'un courant le traverse, à forcer le pignon (12) à se déplacer vers une position de travail dans laquelle ledit pignon (12) peut engrener avec un organe rotatif (13) du moteur à combustion interne, et à provoquer la fermeture d'un contact (11) disposé dans une connexion (4) entre la source de tension (1) et le moteur de démarreur (M); et
des moyens de commande (14 à 18) servant à commander le couplage du moteur électrique (M) et du solénoïde (20) du dispositif de commande (20; 11) électromagnétique à la source de tension (1);
ledit moyen de commande comprenant
un moyen formant capteur électrique (14) servant à fournir des signaux électriques indicatifs de la vitesse de rotation du vilebrequin (13) du moteur à combustion interne;
un moyen de commutation (6) disposé entre ladite source de tension (1) et ledit solénoïde (20) du dispositif de commande (20; 11) électromagnétique; et
un moyen formant circuit de surveillance (15) connecté audit moyen formant capteur (14) et audit moyen de commutation (6); ledit moyen formant circuit de surveillance (15) servant, lorsqu'il est activé, à provoquer le passage d'un courant continu dans ledit solénoïde (20) pendant une première période de temps et a provoquer ensuite le passage d'un courant pulsé dans ledit solénoïde (20) pendant une deuxième période de temps;
caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de commande (14 à 18) sont préréglés pour- provoquer un passage de courant continu dans ledit solénoïde (20) pendant une période déterminée de temps d'une durée constante (ta-t₀);- provoquer, après ladite première période de temps (ta-t₀), le passage d'un courant pulsé dans ledit solénoïde (20) lorsque, dans ladite première période de temps (ta-t₀), les signaux fournis par ledit moyen formant capteur (14) indiquent que la vitesse de rotation du vilebrequin de moteur (13) a dépassé un seuil minimal prédéterminé;- interrompre le passage de courant dans ledit au moins un solénoïde (20) à la fin de ladite première période de temps (ta-t₀), si la vitesse de rotation dudit vilebrequin (13) n'a pas dépassé ledit seuil minimal lors de cette période de temps (ta-t₀);- interrompre le passage de courant pulsé dans ledit solénoïde (20) dans une deuxième période de temps (tb-ta), dès que la vitesse dudit vilebrequin (13) atteint une valeur prédéterminée supérieure audit seuil, ou à la fin de ladite deuxième période de temps (tb-ta) si, lors de ladite deuxième période de temps (tb-ta), la vitesse de rotation dudit vilebrequin (13) ne dépasse pas ladite valeur prédéterminée; lesdites première (ta-t₀) et deuxième (tb-ta) périodes de temps étant déterminées à l'avance sur la base des caractéristiques du moteur à combustion interne et, respectivement, du dispositif de commande de moteur de démarreur (20, 11) électromagnétique et du moteur de démarreur (M). - Système de démarrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de commande comprennent également un moyen formant circuit de commande (17) adapté à faire varier le courant passant dans ledit au moins un solénoïde (20) durant ladite première période de temps (ta-t₀); ledit moyen formant circuit de commande (17) étant adapté à provoquer l'application sur ledit au moins un enroulement (20),- d'une faible tension initiale (V₁) pendant une première période de temps (Δt1) prédéterminé;- d'une tension, augmentant depuis ladite faible tension (V₁), jusqu'à une tension finale (V₂) prédéterminée, pendant une deuxième période de temps (Δt2) prédéterminée, et ensuite- d'une tension égale à ladite tension finale (V₂).
- Système de démarrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également un moyen formant capteur de température (18), disposé de préférence adjacent audit dispositif de commande (20; 11) électromagnétique, et en que lesdits moyens formant circuit de commande (17) sont préréglés pour modifier la valeur moyenne du courant passant dans ledit enroulement d'excitation (20), en fonction de la température mesurée par ledit moyen formant capteur de température (18), de manière que ladite valeur moyenne soit augmentée/réduite conjointement avec une augmentation/réduction quelconque de ladite température.
- Système de démarrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de commutation (6) comprennent un transistor et en ce que lesdits moyens formant circuit de commande (17) sont préréglés pour commander ledit transistor, pendant ladite première période de temps (ta-t₀) prédéterminée, de manière que ledit transistor (6) fonctionne de manière linéaire.
- Système de démarrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de commutation comprennent un transistor (6) et en ce que lesdits moyens formant circuit de commande (17) sont préréglés pour commander ledit transistor (6) de manière pulsée, par une modulation de largeur d'impulsion (PWM) pendant la deuxième période de temps (tb-ta).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO910781A IT1249838B (it) | 1991-10-15 | 1991-10-15 | Sistema di avviamento per un motore a combustione interna. |
ITTO910781 | 1991-10-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0537754A1 EP0537754A1 (fr) | 1993-04-21 |
EP0537754B1 true EP0537754B1 (fr) | 1995-12-06 |
Family
ID=11409645
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92117658A Expired - Lifetime EP0537754B1 (fr) | 1991-10-15 | 1992-10-15 | Système de démarrage pour un moteur à combustion interne |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0537754B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69206572T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2082321T3 (fr) |
IT (1) | IT1249838B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2749451B1 (fr) * | 1996-06-04 | 1998-08-21 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Procede et dispositif de commande de demarreur de vehicule automobile |
DE19929246C2 (de) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-10-25 | Volkswagen Ag | Batteriesystem |
JP3942401B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-30 | 2007-07-11 | 株式会社デンソー | エンジン始動システム |
DE102007050306B4 (de) * | 2007-10-22 | 2018-05-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Startvorgangs einer Brennkraftmaschine |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5859314A (ja) * | 1981-10-05 | 1983-04-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | エンジンの始動装置 |
EP0244521B1 (fr) * | 1984-11-08 | 1989-05-03 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Démarreur de moteur à combustion interne |
US4917410A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1990-04-17 | General Motors Corporation | Electronic starting motor control |
-
1991
- 1991-10-15 IT ITTO910781A patent/IT1249838B/it active IP Right Grant
-
1992
- 1992-10-15 ES ES92117658T patent/ES2082321T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-15 DE DE69206572T patent/DE69206572T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-15 EP EP92117658A patent/EP0537754B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1249838B (it) | 1995-03-28 |
EP0537754A1 (fr) | 1993-04-21 |
ITTO910781A1 (it) | 1993-04-16 |
DE69206572D1 (de) | 1996-01-18 |
DE69206572T2 (de) | 1996-05-15 |
ES2082321T3 (es) | 1996-03-16 |
ITTO910781A0 (it) | 1991-10-15 |
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