EP0535365B1 - Centrifugal pump - Google Patents
Centrifugal pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0535365B1 EP0535365B1 EP92114535A EP92114535A EP0535365B1 EP 0535365 B1 EP0535365 B1 EP 0535365B1 EP 92114535 A EP92114535 A EP 92114535A EP 92114535 A EP92114535 A EP 92114535A EP 0535365 B1 EP0535365 B1 EP 0535365B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- pump
- centrifugal pump
- fan wheel
- shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04D7/02—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type
- F04D7/06—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type the fluids being hot or corrosive, e.g. liquid metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/586—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for liquid pumps
- F04D29/5893—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for liquid pumps heat insulation or conduction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a centrifugal pump, in particular for conveying hot media, with a pump housing, a shaft emerging from the pump housing, a shaft seal, the housing of which is connected to the pump housing, with a fan wheel fastened to the shaft and with a region of the fan wheel and perforated fender covering axially adjoining areas on both sides.
- the life of the shaft seal depends on the temperature. In addition to design features that inhibit the heat flow from the pump to the seal, it is therefore known (FR-A 22 20 723) to cool the seal housing by means of an air flow that is generated by a fan arranged on the shaft. This is surrounded by a mudguard that is broken through to allow heat and air to be exchanged. For example, it can contain longitudinal slots. Since the seal usually lets leakage liquid through, at least after a certain amount of wear, there is a risk that the leakage liquid will reach the fan wheel and be thrown off by it with a considerable range.
- a mudguard which is generally designed to be closed and only for the passage of a pipeline and for access to it a vent screw is broken. So that sufficient cross sections remain for the inflow and outflow of air, it can only extend over a limited axial area and therefore limits the design freedom.
- the invention is based on the prior art mentioned in the first place and aims to prevent the leakage liquid from splashing on in a simple manner. It achieves this through the features of claim 1.
- the function of the fan wheel is not affected because the inflow to and from the fan wheel is mainly influenced by the conditions on one or the other axial side of the fan wheel. In any case, this applies if, according to the invention, the ratio of the outer diameter of the fan wheel to the fender diameter is less than 0.8, preferably also less than 0.6.
- the share of the open area of the fender in its perforated areas should be at least 60%. This applies at least when the mudguard connects more or less closely to the housing parts located on the pump and drive side.
- the shaft is expediently surrounded by an elongated cooling housing at a short distance between the pump housing and the seal housing. It has been shown that its known effect can be increased if between the interior of the seal housing and a throttle is arranged in the adjoining interior of the cooling housing.
- thermal insulation is arranged between a wall delimiting the pump interior on the drive side and a wall that closes off the pump housing on the drive side and carries the seal housing (directly or indirectly via the cooling housing).
- This thermal insulation can be formed by a cavity which is preferably filled with air or with the medium to be pumped.
- a relatively large blade angle of the fan wheel has proven to be expedient, namely an angle on the outer diameter of the fan wheel between the blades and the circumferential direction between 20 and 40 degrees.
- the wall parts 5 and 6 form a seat for a bearing bush 8 which receives the pump shaft 9.
- the wall 6 of the pump housing cover 3 is integrally connected to the elongated cooling housing 10, which surrounds the shaft 9 at a short distance and carries the sealing housing 11 at its end, which contains the suitable sealing means 12, for example shaft sealing rings.
- the bearing bush 8 prevents the free circulation of the medium from the pump interior 4 to the cooling housing 10.
- a throttle 13 prevents the circulation of the medium enclosed in the cooling housing 10 to the interior of the seal housing 11. Both reduce the heat transport.
- the bearing bush 8 which bridges the gap between the walls 5 and 6, consists of poorly heat-conducting material (for example coal or ceramic) and / or has a small cross-section, insofar as it consists of good heat-conducting material, to thereby reduce the heat transfer from the wall 5 to the cooling housing 10.
- the shaft 9 merges into a coupling sleeve 14 which is mounted in a bearing housing 16 by means of a roller bearing 15 which, together with a flange 17, is supported by means of ribs 18 by a flange 19 which is connected to the pump housing cover 3 is.
- the fan wheel 20 which is designed as an axial fan, sits on the shaft 9 between the seal housing 11 and the coupling sleeve 14. As shown at 21, its wings are twisted at their outer circumference by an unusually strong angle with respect to the circumferential direction, which is between 20 and 40 degrees.
- a cylindrical mudguard 24 supported by the ribs 18, which connects to the flanges 17 and 19 without or with only a small distance and preferably extends over the entire circumference, but at least over its top and side regions. As shown at 22, the entire surface is perforated with the exception of the region 23, which corresponds to the axial extent of the fan wheel 20.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kreiselpumpe, insbesondere zur Förderung heißer Medien, mit einem Pumpengehäuse, einer aus dem Pumpengehäuse austretenden Welle, einer Wellenabdichtung, deren Gehäuse mit dem Pumpengehäuse verbunden ist, mit einem auf der Welle befestigten Lüfterrad und mit einem den Bereich des Lüfterrads und die daran beiderseits axial anschließenden Bereiche abdeckenden, durchbrochenen Schutzblech.The invention relates to a centrifugal pump, in particular for conveying hot media, with a pump housing, a shaft emerging from the pump housing, a shaft seal, the housing of which is connected to the pump housing, with a fan wheel fastened to the shaft and with a region of the fan wheel and perforated fender covering axially adjoining areas on both sides.
Die Lebensdauer der Wellendichtung ist temperaturabhängig. Neben konstruktiven Merkmalen, die den Wärmestrom von der Pumpe zur Dichtung hemmen, ist des deshalb bekannt (FR-A 22 20 723), das Dichtungsgehäuse mittels eines Luftstroms zu kühlen, der von einem auf der Welle angeordneten Lüfter erzeugt wird. Dieser wird von einem Schutzblech umgeben, das zur Ermöglichung von Wärme- und Luftaustausch durchbrochen ist. Beispielsweise kann es Längsschlitze enthalten. Da die Dichtung in der Regel, zumindest nach einem gewissen Verschleiß, Leckflüssigkeit durchläßt, besteht die Gefahr, daß die Leckflüssigkeit zum Lüfterrad gelangt und von diesem mit beträchtlicher Reichweite abgeschleudert wird. Bei einer weiteren bekannten Pumpe (DE-A 26 30 513), sind der Bereich des Lüfterrads und die sich daran beiderseits axial anschließenden Bereiche von einem Schutzblech umschlossen, das im allgemeinen geschlossen ausgeführt ist und lediglich für den Durchlaß einer Rohrleitung und für den Zugang zu einer Entlüftungsschraube durchbrochen ist. Damit hinreichende Querschnitte für die Zu- und Abströmung der Luft verbleiben, kann sie sich nur über einen beschränkten Axialbereich erstrecken und beschränkt daher die konstruktive Freiheit.The life of the shaft seal depends on the temperature. In addition to design features that inhibit the heat flow from the pump to the seal, it is therefore known (FR-A 22 20 723) to cool the seal housing by means of an air flow that is generated by a fan arranged on the shaft. This is surrounded by a mudguard that is broken through to allow heat and air to be exchanged. For example, it can contain longitudinal slots. Since the seal usually lets leakage liquid through, at least after a certain amount of wear, there is a risk that the leakage liquid will reach the fan wheel and be thrown off by it with a considerable range. In a further known pump (DE-A 26 30 513), the area of the fan wheel and the areas axially adjoining it on both sides are enclosed by a mudguard which is generally designed to be closed and only for the passage of a pipeline and for access to it a vent screw is broken. So that sufficient cross sections remain for the inflow and outflow of air, it can only extend over a limited axial area and therefore limits the design freedom.
Die Erfindung geht von dem an erster Stelle genannten Stand der Technik aus und will das Fortspritzen von Leckflüssigkeit auf einfache Weise verhindern. Sie erreicht dies durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.The invention is based on the prior art mentioned in the first place and aims to prevent the leakage liquid from splashing on in a simple manner. It achieves this through the features of
Falls Medium nach außen abgespritzt wird, wird es von dem im Bereich der axialen Erstreckung des Lüfterrads undurchbrochen ausgeführten Teil des Schutzblechs aufgefangen, wobei hinreichender Luftdurchsatz dadurch gewährleistet ist, daß der Anteil der offenen Fläche mindestens 60% beträgt.If medium is sprayed to the outside, it is collected by the part of the mudguard which is designed to be unbroken in the area of the axial extension of the fan wheel, sufficient air flow being ensured by the fact that the proportion of the open area is at least 60%.
Die Funktion des Lüfterrades wird dadurch nicht beeinträchtigt, weil der Zustrom zum und Abstrom vom Lüfterrad hauptsächlich von den Verhältnissen auf der einen bzw. anderen axialen Seite des Lüfterrades beeinflußt wird. Jedenfalls gilt dies dann, wenn erfindungsgemäß das Verhältnis des Außendurchmessers des Lüfterrades zu dem Schutzblechdurchmesser kleiner als 0,8, vorzugsweise auch kleiner als 0,6 ist.The function of the fan wheel is not affected because the inflow to and from the fan wheel is mainly influenced by the conditions on one or the other axial side of the fan wheel. In any case, this applies if, according to the invention, the ratio of the outer diameter of the fan wheel to the fender diameter is less than 0.8, preferably also less than 0.6.
Wenn bei einer bekannten Konstruktion (US-PS 4 632 643) der Lüfter eines Motors zur Erzeugung des Kühlluftstroms benutzt wird, so ist dieser von dem geschlossenen Motorgehäuse umgeben, so daß vom Lüfter abspritzende Leckflüssigkeit nicht fortgeschleudert werden kann. Sie wird dann aber im Motorgehäuse festgehalten, was noch schädlicher ist. Das erfindungsgemäß behandelte Problem wurde bei der bekannten Konstruktion offenbar nicht bedacht.If, in a known construction (US Pat. No. 4,632,643), the fan of a motor is used to generate the cooling air flow, then this is surrounded by the closed motor housing, so that leakage liquid spraying off the fan cannot be thrown away. But it is then held in the motor housing, which is even more harmful. The problem treated according to the invention was apparently not considered in the known construction.
Um einen hinreichenden Wärme- und Luftaustausch zu ermöglichen, sollte der Anteil der offenen Fläche des Schutzblechs an dessen durchbrochenen Bereichen mindestens 60 % betragen. Mindestens gilt dies dann, wenn das Schutzblech pumpen- und antriebsseitig an dort befindliche Gehäuseteile mehr oder weniger eng anschließt.In order to enable adequate heat and air exchange, the share of the open area of the fender in its perforated areas should be at least 60%. This applies at least when the mudguard connects more or less closely to the housing parts located on the pump and drive side.
Um den Wärmetransport vom Pumpengehäuse zu dem Dichtungsgehäuse zu hemmen, ist die Welle zweckmäßigerweise zwischen dem Pumpengehäuse und dem Dichtungsgehäuse in geringem Abstand von einem langgestreckten Kühlgehäuse umgeben. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß dessen an sich bekannte Wirkung gesteigert werden kann, wenn zwischen dem Innenraum des Dichtungsgehäuses und dem sich anschließenden Innenraum des Kühlgehäuses eine Drossel angeordnet ist.In order to inhibit the heat transfer from the pump housing to the seal housing, the shaft is expediently surrounded by an elongated cooling housing at a short distance between the pump housing and the seal housing. It has been shown that its known effect can be increased if between the interior of the seal housing and a throttle is arranged in the adjoining interior of the cooling housing.
Erfindungsgemäß kann vorgesehen sein, daß zwischen einer den Pumpeninnenraum antriebsseitig begrenzenden Wand und einer das Pumpengehäuse antriebsseitig abschließenden Wand, die (unmittelbar oder mittelbar über das Kühlgehäuse) das Dichtungsgehäuse trägt, eine Wärmedämmung angeordnet ist. Diese Wärmedämmung kann von einem Hohlraum gebildet sein, der vorzugsweise von Luft oder auch von zu pumpendem Medium gefüllt ist.According to the invention it can be provided that thermal insulation is arranged between a wall delimiting the pump interior on the drive side and a wall that closes off the pump housing on the drive side and carries the seal housing (directly or indirectly via the cooling housing). This thermal insulation can be formed by a cavity which is preferably filled with air or with the medium to be pumped.
Ferner hat sich ein verhältnismäßig großer Flügelwinkel des Lüfterrads als zweckmäßig erwiesen, nämlich ein Winkel am Außendurchmesser des Lüfterrads zwischen den Flügeln und der Umfangsrichtung zwischen 20 und 40 Grad.Furthermore, a relatively large blade angle of the fan wheel has proven to be expedient, namely an angle on the outer diameter of the fan wheel between the blades and the circumferential direction between 20 and 40 degrees.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden näher unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung erläutert, die ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel in einem Längsschnitt veranschaulicht.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which illustrates an advantageous embodiment in a longitudinal section.
Das Pumpengehäuse 1, das das Pumpenlaufrad 2 aufnimmt, wird antriebsseitig von einem Deckel 3 geschlossen, der eine den Pumpeninnenraum 4 begrenzende Wand 5 und eine davon Abstand aufweisende, antriebsseitige Wand 6 unter Einschluß eines Zwischenraums 7 umfaßt. Die Wandteile 5 und 6 bilden einen Sitz für eine Lagerbuchse 8, die die Pumpenwelle 9 aufnimmt. An die Wand 6 des Pumpengehäusedeckels 3 schließt sich einstückig das langgestreckte Kühlgehäuse 10 an, das die Welle 9 mit geringem Abstand umgibt und an seinem Ende das Dichtungsgehäuse 11 trägt, das geeignete Dichtungsmittel 12, beispielsweise Wellendichtringe, enthält. Die Lagerbuchse 8 verhindert die freie Zirkulation des Mediums aus dem Pumpeninnenraum 4 zum Kühlgehäuse 10. Eine Drossel 13 verhindert die Zirkulation des im Kühlgehäuse 10 eingeschlossenen Mediums zum Innenraum des Dichtungsgehäuses 11. Beides vermindert den Wärmetransport. Darüber hinaus kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Lagerbuchse 8, die den Zwischenraum zwischen den Wänden 5 und 6 überbrückt, aus schlecht wärmeleitendem Material (beispielsweise Kohle oder Keramik) besteht und/oder geringen Querschnitt hat, soweit sie aus gut wärmeleitendem Material besteht, um dadurch den Wärmetransport von der Wand 5 zum Kühlgehäuse 10 herabzusetzen.The
Jenseits des Dichtungsgehäuses 11 geht die Welle 9 in eine Kupplungsmuffe 14 über, die mittels eines Wälzlagers 15 in einem Lagergehäuse 16 gelagert ist, das, zusammen mit einem Flansch 17, mittels Rippen 18 von einem Flansch 19 getragen wird, der an dem Pumpengehäusedeckel 3 angeschlossen ist.Beyond the
Zwischen Dichtungsgehäuse 11 und Kupplungsmuffe 14 sitzt auf der Welle 9 das Lüfterrad 20, das als Axiallüfter ausgeführt ist. Seine Flügel sind, wie bei 21 gezeigt, an ihrem Außenumfang um einen ungewöhnlich starken Winkel gegenüber der Umfangsrichtung verdreht, der zwischen 20 und 40 Grad liegt.The
Zwischen den Flanschen 17 und 19 ist ein von den Rippen 18 gestütztes, zylindrisches Schutzblech 24 vorgesehen, das ohne oder mit nur geringem Abstand an die Flanschen 17 und 19 anschließt und sich vorzugsweise über den vollen Umfang erstreckt, zumindest aber über dessen Oberseite und Seitenbereiche. Es ist, wie bei 22 gezeigt, ganzflächig gelocht mit Ausnahme des Bereichs 23, der der axialen Erstreckung des Lüfterrads 20 entspricht.Provided between the
Die Zu- und Abströmung ist im Bereich des Luftrads durch das Lagergehäuse 16 und die Kupplungsmuffe 14 auf der einen Seite und das Dichtungsgehäuse 11 auf der anderen Seite gestört. Auch das Vorhandensein des Schutzblechs wirkt sich aus, obwohl zwischen der Wand 6 und dem Flansch 19 zusätzlich zu den Löchern des Schutzblechs 24 Abströmquerschnitte 25 vorhanden sind. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß unter diesen Verhältnissen die besten Ergebnisse erzielt werden, wenn der Außendurchmesser DL des Lüfterrads das 0,8fache, vorzugsweise das 0,6fache, des Durchmessers DS des Schutzblechs nicht übersteigt.The inflow and outflow is disturbed in the area of the pneumatic wheel by the bearing
Claims (7)
- A centrifugal pump, in particular for delivering hot media, with a pump housing (1), a shaft (9) extending from the pump housing, a shaft seal (12) whose housing (11) is connected with the pump housing (1), with a fan wheel (20) mounted on the shaft (9) and with a perforated guard plate (24) covering the region of the fan wheel and the regions axially adjoining on both sides thereof, characterised in that the guard plate (24) has a proportion of its surface which is open of at least 60 % and is not perforated in the region (23) of the axial extent of the fan wheel (20).
- A centrifugal pump according to Claim 1, characterised in that, on one side, the guard plate (24) adjoins the pump housing (1) or a flange (19) connected therewith, and, on the other side, it adjoins a motor or bearing housing (16) or a flange (17) connected therewith.
- A centrifugal pump according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the ratio of the outer diameter DL of the fan wheel to the diameter DS of the guard plate is less than 0.8, preferably less than 0.6.
- A centrifugal pump according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that an elongated cooling housing (10) closely surrounding the shaft (9) is disposed between the pump housing (1) and the seal housing (11).
- A centrifugal pump according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a restrictor (13) is disposed between the interior of the seal housing (11) and the adjoining interior of the pump housing or cooling housing (10).
- A centrifugal pump according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that thermal insulation (7) is disposed between a wall (5) bounding the interior (4) of the pump on the drive side and a wall (6) which closes the pump housing on the drive side and which carries the seal housing (11).
- A centrifugal pump according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at their outer diameter the blades (21) of the fan wheel (20) form an angle of between 20 and 40 degrees with the peripheral direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE9111161U DE9111161U1 (en) | 1991-09-09 | 1991-09-09 | |
DE9111161U | 1991-09-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0535365A1 EP0535365A1 (en) | 1993-04-07 |
EP0535365B1 true EP0535365B1 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
Family
ID=6871059
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92114535A Expired - Lifetime EP0535365B1 (en) | 1991-09-09 | 1992-08-26 | Centrifugal pump |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0535365B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE129547T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE9111161U1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0535365T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2079757T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3018394T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE29503806U1 (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1996-07-04 | Sihi Gmbh & Co Kg | Pump for conveying hot media |
DE10013152A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-20 | Ksb Ag | Seal housing |
CN103267020A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-08-28 | 欧技工业设备(江苏)有限公司 | High-temperature molten salt pump |
CN103644137A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-19 | 江苏大学 | Hot water circulating pump suspension body with outer wall provided with cooling water jacket |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3884482A (en) * | 1973-03-08 | 1975-05-20 | Borg Warner | Cooled seal cartridge |
DE2630513C2 (en) * | 1976-07-07 | 1985-11-28 | Allweiler Ag, 7760 Radolfzell | Cooling device for a pump unit |
US4632643A (en) * | 1985-02-14 | 1986-12-30 | Nielsen Axel L | Sump pump |
-
1991
- 1991-09-09 DE DE9111161U patent/DE9111161U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-08-26 ES ES92114535T patent/ES2079757T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-26 DE DE59204123T patent/DE59204123D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-26 DK DK92114535.5T patent/DK0535365T3/en active
- 1992-08-26 EP EP92114535A patent/EP0535365B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-26 AT AT92114535T patent/ATE129547T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-12-13 GR GR950403531T patent/GR3018394T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59204123D1 (en) | 1995-11-30 |
ES2079757T3 (en) | 1996-01-16 |
DE9111161U1 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
GR3018394T3 (en) | 1996-03-31 |
DK0535365T3 (en) | 1996-02-12 |
ATE129547T1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
EP0535365A1 (en) | 1993-04-07 |
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