EP0534780B1 - Mit einer Flamme beheizter Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Mit einer Flamme beheizter Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0534780B1
EP0534780B1 EP92308760A EP92308760A EP0534780B1 EP 0534780 B1 EP0534780 B1 EP 0534780B1 EP 92308760 A EP92308760 A EP 92308760A EP 92308760 A EP92308760 A EP 92308760A EP 0534780 B1 EP0534780 B1 EP 0534780B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
cooking
burner
combustion chamber
baffle means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92308760A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0534780A3 (en
EP0534780A2 (de
Inventor
Andrew A. Caridis
Lawrence F. Klein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heat and Control Inc
Original Assignee
Heat and Control Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heat and Control Inc filed Critical Heat and Control Inc
Publication of EP0534780A2 publication Critical patent/EP0534780A2/de
Publication of EP0534780A3 publication Critical patent/EP0534780A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0534780B1 publication Critical patent/EP0534780B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/06—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in fire-boxes

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to flame fired heat exchangers for cooking systems where atmospheric pollutants are generated from the cooking process and are circulated to the heat exchanger for treatment.
  • the cooking of potato chips, corn chips, chicken, meat balls and the like in a hot oil bath causes a mist to be generated over the bath.
  • This mist includes hydrocarbons, particulates, oil droplets, smoke, water released from the food product as well as fats and other carbonaceous and odor creating elements released during the cooking process. These will be called “pollutants" below. While at one time it was common to release such pollutants to the atmosphere, today's clean air requirements prescribe that a plant operator minimize to a high extent the amount of pollutants released into the environment.
  • a known parameter for dwell time or residence time of gases in a combustion chamber is three-tenths of a second at 760°C (1400°F) and, when products are held for this time in the combustion chamber, thorough treatment and odor reduction is achieved provided there is sufficient turbulence to ensure mixing of the pollutants and combustion gases.
  • a flame fired heat exchanger for coupling to a system for cooking a food product in a cooking fluid in which cooking vapors and odour pollutants released during cooking are retrieved and circulated to a flame burner of the heat exchange for incineration serving to reduce the pollutants released to the atmosphere is known from EP-A-0 342 365
  • This known arrangement includes a housing enclosing a tube array for a heat transfer or a cooking fluid to be heated for cooking the food product, and a combustion chamber, a burner arranged on the housing to project a flame into the combustion chamber, and a plenum proximate the burner means and equipped to receive cooking vapors from the cooking system and having a discharge opening serving to release such vapors and odour pollutants into the combustion chamber.
  • the present invention provides a flame fired heat exchanger for coupling to a system for cooking a food product in a cooking fluid thereby generating cooking vapors and odor pollutants released during cooking which are retrieved and circulated to the flame burner of the heat exchanger for incineration serving to reduce the pollutants released to the atmosphere, and comprises : housing means enclosing a tube array for a heat transfer or a cooking fluid to be heated for cooking the food product, and a combustion chamber, burner means arranged on the housing to project a flame centrally into the combustion chamber, plenum means proximate the burner means and equipped to receive cooking vapors from the cooking system and having a discharge opening serving to release such vapors and odor pollutants into the combustion chamber for entrainment into the flow of the products of combustion from the burner, baffle means mounted in the combustion chamber and extending there across in a plane generally normal to the principal axis of the burner, the baffle means having a central opening therein serving to pass combustion gases therethrough along the path towards the tube array to an exhaust discharge from the
  • a flame fired heat exchanger 10 is arranged in a system 11 for cooking a food product in a cooker 12.
  • the cooker 12 may be equipped for cooking potato chips, corn chips, chicken parts, meat balls and the like and, to this end, is provided with a cooking fluid or heat transfer fluid maintained by the heat exchanger 10 in the desired cooking range typically from about 82° (180°F) to about 204°C (400°F) and in the case of a heat transfer fluid in a range of from 204°C (400°F) to about 315°C (600°F).
  • One or more oil outlets 13 from the cooker 12 deliver oil to a fines removal unit 14 where solids are removed from the cooking oil before delivery to a main system pump 16 which delivers oil in the direction of the arrows 15 to a heating tube bundle 17 of the heat exchanger 10 for reheating.
  • the oil emerges from the tube bundle 17 and is delivered by a conduit 18 through one or more oil inlets 19 into the cooker 12.
  • the pollutants generated in the cooking process within the cooker 12 are collected from a cooker exhaust 21.
  • a fann 22 creates a draft or a negative pressure over the cooking fluid in the cooker 12 so that the vapors from the cooking products are drawn through the exhaust 21, first encountering an oil mist eliminator 23 which serves to remove oil droplets from the cooker exhaust for reuse of the oil in the process.
  • a control 24 is interposed in the cooker exhaust line 21 ahead of the fan 22 so that the cooker exhaust may be delivered to a plenum 26 downstream of the fan 22, the plenum being equipped to exhaust vapors from the cooker 12 to a location within the heat exchanger 10 adjacent to a burner 34 for entrainment into the turbulent flow of the products of combustion.
  • An air dilution stream including fresh air and exhaust from the heat exchanger is delivered through a conduit 28 into the cooker exhaust 21 flow and is controlled by regulators 29 and a barometric damper 30 to ensure that the necessary volume mixture and temperature of the mixtures reaches the plenum 26 and discharges into a combustion chamber 31 of the heat exchanger 10.
  • the heat exchanger 10 shown schematically in FIG. 1, is generally L-shaped having a generally horizontally disposed combustion chamber 31 arranged at a right angle to a tube bundle compartment 32 which houses the tube bundle 17.
  • the walls of the heat exchanger 10 are formed from steel and are well-insulated as indicated by the cross-hatching in FIG. 1 with use of refractories 33 well-known in the industry.
  • the burner 34 is mounted at one end of the combustion chamber 31 and may burn either liquid or gaseous fuel as dictated by fuel availability and cost.
  • the burner is arranged to project a flame 27 axially along the center portion of the combustion chamber 31 towards a baffle 36 having a central orifice 37 through which the combustion gases must flow from the combustion chamber 31 to a exhaust 38 of heat exchanger 10.
  • a frusto-conically shaped body 41 mounted with the larger base disposed away from the flame and the narrower base disposed closer to the flame 27, FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the conical-like member 41 is supported from the baffle plate 36 by one or more gusset plates 42 and is arranged concentric with the orifice 37 so as to provide, as viewed in FIG. 4, an annular slot 44 through which the combustion gases flow.
  • the conical body 41 serves somewhat as a plug or target within the combustion chamber for increasing the turbulence, uniformity of gas temperature and uniformity of gaseous mixing between the pollution gases introduced into the combustion chamber from the plenum 26 and the products of combustion released by the burner 34.
  • the plug or target 41 has a centrally arranged opening 46 which serves as a gas passageway into the tube chamber 32.
  • the flow of heating gases from the combustion chamber to the tube chamber takes place through the annular slot 44 and through the cylindrical opening 46.
  • the presence of the opening serves to reduce laminar flow along the conical surface of the body 41 and to reduce the stagnation zone of gas flow behind or downstream of the body 41.
  • the distance from the baffle plate 36 to the base of the plug 41 can be about 0.41 m (16 in).
  • One important result is a decrease in laminar flow through the combustion chamber with increased temperature and mixing uniformity of the pollutants with the combustion gases to achieve a more complete incineration of the pollutants, reaching the desired low level of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from the heat exchanger exhaust 38.
  • one or more of the gusset members 42 and supports 43 are provided with a series of openings and fasteners whereby different positions may be selected for adjustment of the body 41.
  • the baffle 36 is supported from the steel sidewall 35 of the heat exchanger by arcuately-spaced gussets 48 as shown in FIG. 4. Slots 49 are cut in the baffle plate 36 opening into the orifice 37 so as to accomodate for expansion and contraction of the baffle plate in accordance with the heat load imposed upon it.
  • the plenum 26 is equipped with a drain 51 and discharge valve 52 so that any liquid collected therein may be removed. It will be seen that the neck 53 of the plenum enshrouds the burner flame 27, thus ensuring that pollution products delivered by the pollution fan to the plenum will be introduced into the combustion chamber in pattern concentric with the burner flame 27.

Claims (6)

  1. Flammenbeheizter Wärmeaustauscher (10) für eine Koppelung mit einem System (11) zum Kochen eines Nahrungsmittels in einem Kochfluid, wodurch Kochdämpfe und während des Kochens freigesetzte Geruchsverunreinigungsstoffe erzeugt werden, die wiedergewonnen und zu dem Flammenbrenner des Wärmeaustauschers für eine Verbrennung umgewälzt werden, die zur Reduzierung der an die Atmosphäre abgegebenen Verunreinigungen dient,
    - mit einer Gehäuseeinrichtung (32), die eine Rohranordnung (17) für ein Wärmeaustauschfluid oder für ein zum Kochen des Nahrungsmittels zu erhitzendes Kochfluid sowie eine Verbrennungskammer (31) umschließt,
    - mit einer Brennereinrichtung (34), die an dem Gehäuse zum Ausstoßen einer Flamme (27) zentral in die Verbrennungskammer (31) angeordnet ist,
    - mit in der Nähe der Brennereinrichtung (34) angeordneten Kammereinrichtungen (26), die für die Aufnahme von Kochdämpfen aus dem Kochsystem ausgerüstet sind und eine Abführöffnung (53) haben, die zur Abgabe solcher Dämpfe und Geruchsverunreinigungsstoffe in die Verbrennungskammer (31) zum Mitreißen in den Strom der Verbrennungsprodukte aus dem Brenner dient,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    - daß in der Verbrennungskammer (31) Trenneinrichtungen (36) angeordnet sind und sich quer in einer Ebene erstrecken, die insgesamt senkrecht zur Hauptachse des Brenners ist, wobei die Trenneinrichtungen (36) eine zentrale Öffnung (37) aufweisen, die dazu dient, Verbrennungsgase durch sie hindurch längs des Weges zu der Rohranordnung (17) hin zu einer Abgasabführung (38) aus dem Wärmeaustauscher (10) zu führen, und
    - daß in der Verbrennungskammer (31) im Abstand von den Trenneinrichtungen (36) ein kegelstumpfförmiger, die Turbulenz erhöhender Körper (41) so angeordnet ist, daß längs der Seitenwände des Körpers (41) durch die Öffnung (37) in den Trenneinrichtungen (36) hindurch ein ringförmiger Strömungsschlitz (44) gebildet wird,
    - wobei der Körper (41) so angeordnet ist, daß er zur Brennerflamme (27) vorsteht, daß seine größere Grundfläche von dem Brenner weg angeordnet ist und daß er einen zentralen Strömungsdurchlaß (46) hat, der sich durch ihn hindurch erstreckt.
  2. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Einrichtungen (42, 43) für ein solches Anbringen des kegelstumpfförmigen Körpers (41) vorgesehen sind, daß der Körper mit ausgewählten Abständen von den Trenneinrichtungen (36) zur Änderung der Größe des ringförmigen Schlitzes (44) und zur Änderung der Durchsätze durch den ringförmigen Schlitz (44) angeordnet wird.
  3. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der die Turbulenz erhöhende Körper (41) in einem Abstand bezüglich der Trenneinrichtungen (36) angeordnet ist, wobei sich die größere Grundfläche des Körpers am nächsten bezüglich der Trenneinrichtungen (36) und insgesamt parallel dazu befindet, und daß der Durchmesser der größeren Grundfläche so gewählt ist, daß eine von dem Gasstrom bezüglich des Körpers (41) stromauf von den Trenneinrichtungen erzeugte Einschnürung im Durchmesser größer als der Durchmesser der zentralen Öffnung (37) in den Trenneinrichtungen (36) ist.
  4. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kleinere Grundfläche des die Turbulenz erhöhenden Körpers (41) eine Öffnung (46) für einen Gasdurchstrom hat und dazu dient, das Vermischen der Verunreinigungsstoffe und der Verbrennungsgase zu verbessern.
  5. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchmesser der größeren Grundfläche des Körpers (41) so gewählt wird, daß die erwähnte Einschnürung im Durchmesser größer ist als eine Einschnürung, die von dem Gasstrom durch die zentrale Öffnung (37) der Trenneinrichtungen (36) stromab von den Trenneinrichtungen erzeugt wird.
  6. Kochvorrichtung mit einem Wärmeaustauscher nach irgendeinem vorhergehenden Anspruch.
EP92308760A 1991-09-27 1992-09-25 Mit einer Flamme beheizter Wärmetauscher Expired - Lifetime EP0534780B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77671491A 1991-09-27 1991-09-27
US776714 2001-02-06

Publications (3)

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EP0534780A2 EP0534780A2 (de) 1993-03-31
EP0534780A3 EP0534780A3 (en) 1993-06-30
EP0534780B1 true EP0534780B1 (de) 1996-06-12

Family

ID=25108167

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EP92308760A Expired - Lifetime EP0534780B1 (de) 1991-09-27 1992-09-25 Mit einer Flamme beheizter Wärmetauscher

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EP (1) EP0534780B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE139325T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69211464T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0534780T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2088106T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3020223T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106123056A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-16 镇江市岗华多用炉灶有限公司 一种多功能节能蒸汽炉灶
CN106196045B (zh) * 2016-07-01 2018-02-27 中蓝能源（深圳）有限公司 高温低氮燃烧液态醇燃料的窑炉烧嘴及其制造方法
CN112684099B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2022-09-09 郑州大学 一种组装式湍流火焰熄灭装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE630381A (de) *
US2177573A (en) * 1938-06-24 1939-10-24 Joseph V Kormendi Heat deflector
DE1112243B (de) * 1957-02-28 1961-08-03 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Muffelfeuerung
DE3813092A1 (de) * 1988-04-19 1989-11-09 Steinecker Maschf Anton Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur beseitigung von geruchsstoffen in gasen durch erhitzen in einer verbrennungsanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE139325T1 (de) 1996-06-15
GR3020223T3 (en) 1996-09-30
DE69211464D1 (de) 1996-07-18
DK0534780T3 (da) 1996-08-19
EP0534780A3 (en) 1993-06-30
EP0534780A2 (de) 1993-03-31
DE69211464T2 (de) 1996-10-24
ES2088106T3 (es) 1996-08-01

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