EP0531190B1 - Bloc radiogène avec dispositif d'alimentation haute tension intégré dans la gaine - Google Patents

Bloc radiogène avec dispositif d'alimentation haute tension intégré dans la gaine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0531190B1
EP0531190B1 EP92402351A EP92402351A EP0531190B1 EP 0531190 B1 EP0531190 B1 EP 0531190B1 EP 92402351 A EP92402351 A EP 92402351A EP 92402351 A EP92402351 A EP 92402351A EP 0531190 B1 EP0531190 B1 EP 0531190B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
high voltage
housing
supply device
low voltage
ray tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92402351A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0531190A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Jedlitschka
Jacques Sireul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric CGR SA
Original Assignee
General Electric CGR SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric CGR SA filed Critical General Electric CGR SA
Publication of EP0531190A1 publication Critical patent/EP0531190A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0531190B1 publication Critical patent/EP0531190B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing
    • H05G1/06—X-ray tube and at least part of the power supply apparatus being mounted within the same housing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to X-ray units which are used to generate an X-ray beam towards a part of the body of a patient in order to produce an image of this part by various methods such as projection on a sensitive film in conventional type radiology devices or the reconstruction of a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image from X-ray measurements made from different angles in devices of the scanner type.
  • an X-ray unit consists (FIG. 1) of an X-ray tube 10 and of a sheath 12 filled with an insulating and cooling fluid 14 in which said X-ray tube is placed.
  • the sheath 12 is opaque to X-rays except in one place 16, the one through which the radiation (arrow 26) generated by the X-ray tube is emitted.
  • the sheath 12 has electrical terminals 18 and 34 to allow the electrical supply of the tube to X-rays as well as orifices (not shown) for the possible circulation of the insulating and cooling fluid 14 and the filling of the sheath with the fluid.
  • an X-ray tube comprises a cathode 20 of the filament type which emits an electron beam 22 towards an anode 24 or anticathode.
  • the anode 24 is made of a material such as tungsten or molybdenum which emits the beam 26 of X-rays when it is bombarded by the electron beam 22 coming from the cathode 20.
  • electrons are accelerated by an intense electric field created between the cathode 20 and the anode 24.
  • the anode 24 is brought to a positive potential of several tens of kilovolts compared to the cathode, this potential being able to exceed one hundred kilovolts and reach two hundred kilovolts.
  • the X-ray tube is of the rotating anode type, which implies a motor consisting of a rotor 28 secured to the anode 24 and a stator 30 secured to the casing 32 of the tube 10 to X-rays, these two elements 28 and 30 having to be electrically supplied by terminal 34.
  • the cathode 20 being of the filament type must also be supplied electrically by the terminal 18.
  • the sheath consists of four parts 36, 38, 40 and 42 which are assembled in leaktight manner to form a closed enclosure in which the insulating and cooling fluid circulates by means not shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the two central parts are one.
  • the X-ray tube 10 is held in place by lugs such as those referenced 44 and 46 which are integral with said sheath.
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified electrical diagram showing how the high voltage electrical supply of the X-ray tube 10 is generally carried out.
  • the anode 24 and the cathode 20 are respectively connected to a high voltage power generator 48, disposed outside of the sheath 12, by so-called high voltage cables 50 and 52.
  • a power generator 48 comprises a high-voltage supply device 54 which supplies high continuous voltages and a high-frequency converter 56, of the inverter type, which supplies the device 54 with low-voltage pulse signals having a frequency of a few tens of kilohertz from the supply voltage E in the alternative sector.
  • the latter is, as described above, placed in a sheath 12 containing an insulating and cooling fluid.
  • the high-voltage supply device 54 is placed in a tank 58 filled with an insulating and cooling fluid.
  • the high voltage supply device 54 also called “high voltage block”
  • the high voltage supply device 54 also called “high voltage block”
  • the primary winding 60 has two input terminals E1 and E2 which are connected to two output terminals of the high frequency converter 56.
  • Each of the secondary windings 641 to 64 n is connected to a rectification and filtering circuit shown diagrammatically by a diode D and a capacitor C and the secondary windings are connected together so that their output voltages add up to obtain the high voltage desired power supply.
  • a monopolar supply voltage is obtained by placing the supply conductor of the cathode (cable 52) at ground potential while a symmetrical bipolar supply voltage is obtained by putting the midpoint M of the secondary circuits at ground potential.
  • US Patent No. 4,418,421 proposes to remedy part of these drawbacks by integrating the power supply device into the X-ray unit, thereby reducing the drawbacks associated with the use of special high voltage cables.
  • the invention relates to an X-ray unit consisting of an X-ray tube and a high voltage supply device arranged inside an enclosure or sheath filled with an insulating and cooling fluid, comprising at at least three assembled parts, including an open central part supporting said tube and two end parts closed at one end and assembled on the other open end, in a sealed manner to said central part, said high voltage supply device having at least one terminal high voltage output connected to at least one high voltage electrode of the X-ray tube, characterized in that at least one of the end parts of said sheath is elongated so as to allow the positioning of said supply device, and comprises means for fixing said supply device to the sheath and means for electrically connecting it to a low voltage source disposed outside the adite sheath, and in that the side of the supply device which is adjacent to the X-ray tube includes means for protection against X-radiation and heat radiation of said X-ray tube, which comprise a first layer of an absorbent material X-rays and a second layer of a
  • the supply device is arranged on the side of the anode so that the high voltage output terminal of said supply device is connected to the anode by a short conductor, the low voltage input terminals being connected to low voltage connection pads arranged on the sheath in the immediate vicinity.
  • the supply device is arranged on the cathode side so that the high voltage output terminal of said supply device is connected to the cathode by a short conductor, the terminals low voltage input being connected to low voltage connection pads arranged on the sheath in the immediate vicinity.
  • two high voltage supply devices are used, one, arranged on the side of the anode, to supply the latter and the 'other, arranged on the side of the cathode, to supply the latter.
  • the latter can be arranged on one side or the other of the tube, but a guide must be provided for passing the high-voltage conductor on the other side of the tube with respect to the side where the supply device is arranged.
  • Means of protection of the supply device and of the high-voltage conductors must be provided to protect them against X-radiation and against the heat radiation of the tube.
  • end portions 36 and / or 42 of a sheath are modified so as to allow the installation of at least one high voltage supply device produced in a particular manner in accordance with the aforementioned French patent application.
  • the high voltage supply device is preferably placed on the side of the anode of the X-ray tube in the case of a monopolar assembly called “grounded cathode” (reference 541 in the figure 3) and on the cathode side of the X-ray tube in the case of a monopolar assembly called “ground anode” (reference 542 in FIG. 4).
  • a bipolar assembly the cathode being at a negative voltage and the anode being at a positive voltage
  • two high-voltage supply devices 541 and 542 can be placed inside the new sheath, the one 542 on the cathode side and the other 541 on the anode side ( Figure 5).
  • the two input terminals E11 and E21 of the primary winding are connected respectively to the pads E′11 and E′21 secured to the sheath and no particular insulation precaution is necessary because the primary winding is at low tension.
  • the high voltage output terminal 701 of the device 541 is connected to the anode 24 by a conductor 721.
  • the stator is supplied by two conductors 861 and 881 which are connected respectively to two pads 86′1 and 88′1 secured to the sheath.
  • the filament of the cathode is supplied by two conductors 74 and 76, one of which is grounded.
  • the concentrating part of the cathode is biased at a negative voltage with respect to ground by two conductors 78 and 80, one of which is grounded.
  • These four conductors 74, 76, 78 and 83 are respectively connected to output pads 74 ′, 76 ′, 78 ′ and 80 ′ carried by the sheath 12 and no particular insulation precaution is necessary since the cathode is grounded.
  • the internal wall of the elongated part 361 is covered with a layer of lead (not shown) which absorbs X-ray radiation. According to the invention, it is also intended to protect the device 541 against the radiation X by covering the side of the device 541 which is adjacent to the tube with a layer of lead 941.
  • the tube radiates heat because its anode is at very high temperature, it is planned to cover the lead layer 941 with a coating reflecting heat radiation, such as a layer of aluminum 951.
  • the device 541 is associated with a high voltage measurement circuit 911 of known type (FIG. 6) which is connected to an output terminal 931 on the sheath part 361 by a conductor 921.
  • a high voltage measurement circuit 911 of known type (FIG. 6) which is connected to an output terminal 931 on the sheath part 361 by a conductor 921.
  • the two input terminals E12 and E22 of the primary winding are connected respectively to the pads E′12 and E′22 secured to the sheath and no particular insulation precaution is necessary because the primary winding is at low tension.
  • the high voltage output terminal 702 of the device 542 is connected to the cathode 20 by a conductor 722.
  • the cathode being at high voltage, the filament of the cathode is supplied by a heating transformer 82 whose secondary winding is at high voltage and, for this reason, the transformer 82 must be placed in the sheath 12 and maintained in place on the sheath 12 or on the device 542 by any known means.
  • the supply device 542 comprises, on the cathode side, a layer of lead 942 coated with a layer of aluminum 952.
  • a high voltage measurement circuit 912 is associated with this supply device and is connected to an output terminal 932 on the sheath by a conductor 922.
  • the stator is supplied via conductors 862 and 882 connected respectively to terminals 86′2 and 88′2 while the anode is connected to a terminal 84 ′.
  • the cathode is at a high negative voltage with respect to ground and the anode is at a positive high voltage and each of these high voltages is obtained by a high voltage supply device 542, similar to that of Figure 4, with regard to the cathode and by a supply device 541, similar to that of Figure 3, with regard to the anode.
  • the diagram in FIG. 5 therefore results from the combination of the diagrams in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • one of the high voltage conductors ( 50 or 52 of Figure 2) must pass through the space between the tube 10 and the sheath 12 and certain precautions must be taken to electrically isolate it from the sheath which is grounded and to protect it against X-radiation and the heat radiation of the tube which have harmful effects on the coatings of the conductors.
  • a conventional type cable can be used which is used to connect the device 54 (FIG. 2) to a distant tube.
  • a cable is not intended to resist the temperature of 80 ° C of the insulating and cooling fluid contained in the sheath, nor to X-radiation.
  • conduit or guide (not shown) which is insulating from the point of view of heat and which is coated with a layer of lead to protect it from X-radiation.
  • the high-voltage supply devices 541 and / or 542 In order that the high-voltage supply devices 541 and / or 542 can be placed inside the sheath 12, their dimensions must be sufficient small so that they fit into the current diametrical dimensions of the sheaths used, the only dimension to be modified being the longitudinal dimension of the sheath by the elongation of the end portions 36 and / or 42.
  • the high-voltage supply device 111 for an X-ray tube comprises a transformer 110 which includes a primary winding 112 and twelve secondary windings S1 to S12 of which only the windings S1, S5, S6 and S12.
  • the device comprises twenty-four identical rectifying diodes D1 to D24 of which only the elements D1, D2, D3 ... D12, D13, D14 ... D22, D23, D24 have been shown.
  • Each secondary winding S1 to S12 has two output terminals. All the output terminals bear the references B1 to B24, only the terminals B1, B2, B3 ... B5, B6, B7, B8 ... B23, B24 having been represented;
  • the common point of the capacitor C1 and the diode D1 constitutes the high voltage output terminal HT through a resistor 100 while the common point of the capacitor C24 and the diode D24 constitutes the ground output terminal with which a spark gap 99 is associated.
  • a device 109 for measuring the high voltage is connected between the high voltage terminal HT and the ground via a spark gap 107.
  • This device 109 conventionally comprises a resistor R and a capacitor C in parallel.
  • a measurement terminal 108 is taken from the side of the spark gap 109.
  • connection conductors which connect the output terminals B1 to B24 of the secondary windings S1 to S12, on the one hand, to the diodes D1 to D24 and, on the other hand, to the capacitors C1 to C24, it is first provided for making secondary windings whose similar output terminals of odd rank B1, B3 ... B23, are arranged on a first lateral side of the windings while the output terminals of even rank B2, B4 ... B24 are arranged on the other or second lateral side of the secondary windings.
  • the capacitors C1 to C24 are arranged on the external periphery of the secondary windings and are connected, on the one hand, to the diodes D1 to D24 on the first lateral side of the secondary windings and, on the other hand, to the terminals B2, B4 ... B24 on the second lateral side of the secondary windings.
  • the device comprises two half-shells 120 and 121 in which are provided housings for placing the primary winding 112, the secondary windings S1 to S12, capacitors C1 to C24 and diodes D1 to D24.
  • each half-shell 120 (or 121) comprises three annular compartments 122, 123, and 124 (or 126, 127, 128) around a cylindrical central part 125 (or 129).
  • the first annular compartment 122 (or 126) is at the periphery of the central part 125 (or 129) while the second annular compartment 123 (or 127) is at the external periphery of the first compartment 122 (or 126).
  • the third compartment 124 (or 129) is arranged laterally with respect to the first two 122 and 123 (or 126 and 127) and is separated from it by partitions 130 and 131 respectively (or 132 and 133) pierced with orifices.
  • the central parts 125 and 129 are provided for housing, in particular, the primary winding 112 and a branch 134 of the magnetic circuit 135 of the transformer 110.
  • the first annular compartments 122 and 126 are provided for housing the secondary windings 113 which are wound on a mandrel 136.
  • the outer periphery of the mandrel 136 is closed by a cover constituted by a cylindrical ring 137.
  • the mandrel 136 and its cover 137 fit into the compartments 122 and 126.
  • the second annular compartments 123 and 127 comprise twenty-four cells A1, A2, A3 ... A14, A15, A16 ... A24 which are designed to house the twenty-four capacitors C1 to C24 respectively.
  • the third compartment 124 of the half-shell 120 is provided for housing the diodes D1 to D24 and making their connections between them, with the capacitors C1 to C24 and at certain output terminals of the secondary windings S1 to S12 by means of a printed circuit 138.
  • the third compartment 128 of the half-shell 121 is provided for making the various connections between certain output terminals of the secondary windings S1 to S12 and the capacitors C1 to C24 by means of a printed circuit 138 ′ in the form of an annular plate sector.
  • Each annular compartment 124 or 128 is closed respectively by an annular cover 140 or 141 which fits onto the outer periphery of the associated compartment.
  • each half-shell 120 (or 121) has its periphery interrupted by a notch 142 (or 143) and it is the same for each cover 140 (or 141).
  • a notch allows the passage of a branch of said magnetic circuit.
  • the diodes D1 to D24 are arranged on the printed circuit 138 in the form of an annular plate sector which makes their connections with one another, with one end of the capacitors C1 to C24 and with the output terminals B1, B3 ... B23 according to the diagram. electric of FIG. 6.
  • the diode D1 has its cathode which is connected to the terminal B1 of the winding S1 and its anode which is connected to one of the ends of the capacitor C1.
  • terminal B1 is connected to the anode of the diode D2, the cathode of which is connected, on the one hand, to the anode of the diode D3 and, on the other hand, to one end of the capacitors C2 and C3 , and to the latter by a printed conductor.
  • the other printed conductors connect the other common points of the diodes equivalent to D2, D3 to the capacitors equivalent to C3.
  • the various elements which have just been described in relation to FIGS. 6 to 9 are assembled by fitting into each other and held together with assembly elements so as to obtain the assembly shown in partial section in FIG. 9.
  • the assembly elements, not shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, consist of threaded tie rods and nuts and plates for supporting and holding the various branches of the magnetic circuit 135.
  • Figure 7 are held by two threaded tie rods and nuts such as those referenced 150, 151 and 152 ( Figures 7 and 9), the tie rods being housed in holes 153 and 154 passing through the elements of the Figure 7 right through along an axis parallel to the axis of symmetry x′x.
  • plates 155 and 156 are provided (FIGS. 7 and 9) these plates being held respectively against the covers 141 and 140 by threaded tie rods and nuts such as those bearing the references 157 , 158 and 159 in FIG. 9. These plates 155 and 156 are provided to each house and maintain a branch of the magnetic circuit.
  • the plate 155 supports the branch 160 of the U-shaped part while the plate 156 supports the branch 146 of the magnetic circuit which closes the opening of the U.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
EP92402351A 1991-09-03 1992-08-27 Bloc radiogène avec dispositif d'alimentation haute tension intégré dans la gaine Expired - Lifetime EP0531190B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9110889 1991-09-03
FR9110889A FR2680938B1 (fr) 1991-09-03 1991-09-03 Bloc radiogene avec dispositif d'alimentation haute tension integre dans la gaine.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0531190A1 EP0531190A1 (fr) 1993-03-10
EP0531190B1 true EP0531190B1 (fr) 1995-07-12

Family

ID=9416586

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92402351A Expired - Lifetime EP0531190B1 (fr) 1991-09-03 1992-08-27 Bloc radiogène avec dispositif d'alimentation haute tension intégré dans la gaine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5303283A (ja)
EP (1) EP0531190B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3339887B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE69203415T2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2680938B1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2769787B1 (fr) * 1997-10-09 1999-12-24 Ge Medical Syst Sa Support modulaire pour les elements fonctionnels d'un bloc d'alimentation haute-tension et bloc ainsi obtenu
FR2769788B1 (fr) * 1997-10-09 1999-12-24 Ge Medical Syst Sa Bloc d'alimentation haute-tension biodegradable, en particulier pour les sources de rayons-x
US6362415B1 (en) * 2000-05-04 2002-03-26 General Electric Company HV connector with heat transfer device for X-ray tube
EP1201267B1 (en) * 2000-10-24 2005-12-21 Radi Medical Technologies AB Catheter system with X-ray tube
EP1230950B1 (en) * 2001-02-09 2002-09-18 Radi Medical Technologies AB Medical system comprising a miniaturized X-ray tube
JP2004154236A (ja) * 2002-11-05 2004-06-03 Shimadzu Corp 外科用ｘ線ｔｖ装置
US7290929B2 (en) * 2004-02-09 2007-11-06 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Mounting system for an X-ray tube
US7885386B2 (en) * 2006-03-31 2011-02-08 General Electric Company Systems and apparatus for a compact low power X-ray generator
US7949099B2 (en) * 2007-07-05 2011-05-24 Newton Scientific Inc. Compact high voltage X-ray source system and method for X-ray inspection applications
JP5367010B2 (ja) * 2011-04-18 2013-12-11 株式会社東芝 Ｘ線ｃｔ装置
WO2013067500A1 (en) * 2011-11-04 2013-05-10 Warner Power, Llc Electrically powered industrial furnaces having multiple individually controllable power supplies and shortened cabling requirements
EP3102007B1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2019-01-09 Sociedad Española De Electromedicina Y Calidad, S. A. High-voltage, high-frequency, high-power transformer
DE102015213810B4 (de) * 2015-07-22 2021-11-25 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Hochspannungszuführung für einen Röntgenstrahler
EP4312467B1 (de) * 2022-07-28 2024-09-18 Siemens Healthineers AG Röntgenstrahlergehäuse mit zumindest einem elektrisch leitfähigen gehäuseabschnitt

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE864224A (fr) * 1978-02-22 1978-06-16 Balteau Sa Appareil a rayons x avec alimentation et tube de type cascade
JPS5814499A (ja) * 1981-07-20 1983-01-27 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線発生装置
FR2579401B1 (fr) * 1985-03-22 1987-05-15 Thomson Cgr Ensemble generateur haute tension et dispositif radiogene
US4694480A (en) * 1985-07-30 1987-09-15 Kevex Corporation Hand held precision X-ray source
FR2622757B1 (fr) * 1987-10-30 1989-12-08 Thomson Cgr Dispositif emetteur de rayons x de type compact
JPH01204528A (ja) * 1988-02-10 1989-08-17 Fujitsu Ltd Ａ／ｄ変換器
FR2643534B1 (fr) * 1989-02-02 1993-09-17 Gen Electric Cgr Dispositif d'alimentation haute tension pour tube a rayons x
US4984261A (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-01-08 Mdt Corporation X-ray tube head assembly
FR2655231B1 (fr) * 1989-11-24 1992-02-14 Gen Electric Cgr Bloc haute tension pour tube a rayons x avec cuve de refroidissement integree au circuit secondaire.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05242992A (ja) 1993-09-21
DE69203415T2 (de) 1996-01-04
US5303283A (en) 1994-04-12
DE69203415D1 (de) 1995-08-17
FR2680938A1 (fr) 1993-03-05
FR2680938B1 (fr) 1993-11-26
JP3339887B2 (ja) 2002-10-28
EP0531190A1 (fr) 1993-03-10

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