EP0528916A1 - Knitting machine. - Google Patents
Knitting machine.Info
- Publication number
- EP0528916A1 EP0528916A1 EP91909462A EP91909462A EP0528916A1 EP 0528916 A1 EP0528916 A1 EP 0528916A1 EP 91909462 A EP91909462 A EP 91909462A EP 91909462 A EP91909462 A EP 91909462A EP 0528916 A1 EP0528916 A1 EP 0528916A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- selection
- adjusting
- knitting machine
- selection element
- machine according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
- D04B15/66—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements
- D04B15/68—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements characterised by the knitting instruments used
- D04B15/78—Electrical devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a knitting machine with an electrical needle selection system, which has a holding device, a selection device and an adjusting device for selection elements.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a conventional needle bed of a flat knitting machine to explain the operation of a needle selection system.
- a needle 3 In the needle bed channel 1 of a needle bed 2, a needle 3, a work board 4 and a selection or selection board 5 lie one behind the other in the order mentioned, seen from the needle bed comb.
- a lock slide which moves perpendicular to the direction of movement of the needle 3, the work plate 4 and the selection board 5 over the needle bed, comprises a lock area 6, which in the area of a needle foot 7 of the needle 3, a work board foot 8 of the work board 4 of a selection board foot 9 is located.
- the needle selection system 11 At the end of the lock slide facing away from the needle there is the needle selection system 11, which serves to selectively move the respective selection boards 5 in the direction of the work board 4 or the needle 3 by appropriate control.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the needle bed in the area of the needle selection system 11 and the lock area 6 adjoining the needle selection system 11. Components and parts in FIG. 2 which correspond to those of FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference symbols.
- Adjusting foot 10 of the selection board 5 shown selection system 1.1 As will be explained in more detail below, the selection boards 5 to be selected in the selection system 10 are optionally moved from their starting position (positions 22 or 23) to a position (position 24) in which the foot 9 of the selection board 5 can be detected by a lock part 28 which controls the selection board 5 and thus also the work board 4 into a position (position 26) in which the base 8 of the work board 4 can be gripped by a work board lock part 29 in a corresponding manner to bring the needle 3 or the needle foot 7 (cf. FIG. 1) into a further lock area, not shown, in which the needle 3 is controlled in its movement with corresponding lock parts.
- a trigger lock part 30 serves to pull off the respective selection board 5 again in the further course of the slide movement (position 27) and to return it to its starting position for a further selection.
- An example of a multi-stage system is that a plurality of hinged armature magnets are arranged side by side in a row in the direction perpendicular to the lock slide direction.
- the selection boards each have mutually offset feet which are present in the respective area of the hinged armature magnets arranged in series. If one of these electromagnets is energized, its armature actuates an inclined plane, which swivels into the neutral position of the individual board feet of the selection boards. The boards move on the inclined plane towards the needle bed ridge.
- the folding and unfolding of the inclined plane is associated with a relatively large mechanical time constant and thus with a low switching frequency of the folding armature system due to the inertia of the folding armature mechanism and the electrical time constant of the electromagnet.
- several folding anchor magnets are used, which are actuated at different times, the grading of the adjustment feet on the selection boards being provided in accordance with the number and graduation of the clap arm magnets.
- different selection boards with adjustable feet have to be provided at different points, which additionally increase the manufacturing effort.
- Mono systems are known as an alternative to multi-stage systems.
- the selection board is not moved from the zero position by means of a correspondingly swung-in inclined plane, but the selection elements are displaced by means of a spring or a Magnet, which acts on the selected selection element and moves it in the needle channel.
- the force exerted by the spring or the magnet must be able to adjust the individual selection elements by the required selection path.
- all selection elements must first be brought into a zero position and kept there.
- the counterforce required for this must be greater than the pretensioning force exerted by the spring or the magnet, with which the selection element is adjusted after selection. This counter-force is removed at short notice to a selection position so that the biasing force exerted by the spring or the magnet may initiate a motion of the Selekti ⁇ onselements from "the holding force range.
- Another principle for a needle selection system is known from DE-Al-12 69 762, DE-Al-13 03 938, DE-Al-15 85 001, DE-A2-19 20 531 or CH-Al-460 232 , in which the selection boards are concentrated in a selection channel on the selection point.
- the selection itself is made according to the same options as was explained above in connection with the rocker arm board.
- the boards are moved linearly by the permanent magnetic holding parts arranged behind the selection point. The choice is possible due to the symmetry in both directions.
- Magnet selection systems are known from DE-Al-29 38 835 and 29 48 804 and DE-Cl-36 14 220 in which the selection boards have spring elements.
- the selection boards are fed to a permanent magnetic holding area by a mechanical arrangement.
- the spring is tensioned.
- the holding force of the magnet arrangement which is preferably generated permanently magnetically, compensates for the biasing force of the spring.
- a coil is energized so that the holding force is released. If the holding force is generated electromagnetically, the excitation current of the electromagnet is switched off in order to release the circuit board.
- An alternative embodiment is known from DE-Al-21 55 808 and DE-Bl 21 15 332, in which a spring is provided as a selection element.
- the spring element provided on the selection board which consists of a magnetic material, is held by a permanent magnetic area when the selection board is swept by the selection device.
- the spring elements are pretensioned by following the selection boards over a slope be pressed down. If the spring element is loosened at the selection part, the spring relaxes and follows the selection board. The spring element is guided past the mechanical channeling. If there is no loosening, the spring is inserted into the upper area of the mechanical channeling by a second permanent magnetic holding device.
- a needle selection principle is known from EP-Al-18 790, in which the selection boards are pre-magnetized with an electromagnet.
- the carriage with an electromagnet moves past the selection boards.
- the selection boards are magnetized accordingly as the south or north pole.
- the boards are adjusted according to their polarity on permanently magnetic retaining strips.
- High switching frequencies are a prerequisite for all mono systems in order to be able to address the individual selection elements.
- carriage which heutzu ⁇ days and reaches aimed at and 'in the range of 1.3 to' 1.5 m are per second, will be apparent to fine Nadeibett ⁇ i- lungs switching frequencies around or above 800 Hz.
- the adjusting device has the Move the selected board a sufficient distance from its starting position in the direction of the needle bed comb so that the board foot can be gripped by the lock.
- unselected selection boards remain in their starting position and are not also adjusted by the adjustment device.
- the conventional needle selection systems be they single or multi-stage systems, are not in able to achieve switching and adjustment processes with sufficient reliability for high switching frequencies.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a knitting machine with an electrical needle selection system which permits reliable selection even at high switching frequencies and. nevertheless has a simple structure.
- the adjusting device comprises a magnet which, with respect to the selection elements to be selected, is arranged in such a way that it exerts a shear force on the respective selection elements.
- the feature according to the invention of selecting a magnetic shear force on the selection element to be selected has the advantage that the selection element does not impinge on a magnet which attracts the selection element, as in conventional systems, but instead slides and magnetically brakes on its magnetic pole surface becomes.
- a relatively large force is available at the beginning of the movement, which causes the selected selection element to be pulled strongly and quickly out of the holding area.
- the adjusting magnet is arranged over at least one adjusting foot of the selection element.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is to "that one of the holding device facing away from vertical side surface of the setting foot of Selekomsele- ment with the adjusting magnet alignment of the holding device facing vertical side surface substantially when the selection element is held by the holding device in sei ⁇ ner starting position This measure is particularly advantageous because the maximum adjusting force acts on the selected selection element when the adjusting foot and the magnetic pole no longer coincide.
- the width of the adjustment foot of the selection element seen in the direction of movement essentially corresponds to the width of the adjustment magnet. In this way, a very defined position of the adjustment foot of the selection element and thus of the selection element itself is ensured when the selection element has been removed from the holding device.
- the width of the adjusting magnet is also possible to choose the width of the adjusting magnet to be larger than the width of the adjusting foot of the selection element. This measure works also apply a force to the selection element when it is already in register with the magnet.
- the width of the adjusting magnet corresponds to twice the adjustment path of the selection element.
- An embodiment of the adjusting magnet is particularly advantageous, in which the vertical side surface of the adjusting magnet facing the holding device runs obliquely in the direction of the adjusting foot of the selection element.
- a further embodiment of the present invention is that the vertical side face of the adjusting magnet facing the holding device has a projecting edge in the direction of the adjusting foot of the selection element. Studies have shown that the force on the selection element is greatest in the first half of the cover between the adjustment foot of the selection element and the adjustment magnet.
- a projecting edge according to said embodiment in which there is therefore a kind of offset, it is possible to always keep the selected selection element in this maximum force range when the slide slides over the selection elements. It is advantageous if the offset caused by the projecting edge is coordinated with the adjustment speed, ie with the speed at which the selection element is pulled off the holding device.
- the adjusting magnet has at least two magnetic shoes, each of which is assigned to one of at least two magnetic feet of a selection element.
- This arrangement is of great advantage because the two magnetic shoes of the adjusting magnet result in an essentially closed circuit for the magnetic flux.
- the shear forces exerted by the magnetic poles on the adjustment feet of the selection elements become particularly large because the magnetic flow via the needle bed concentrates on the air gap and the adjustment feet.
- this embodiment has the advantage that the selection elements can be made small and light, so that the energy used for the movement can be kept small.
- a vertical side surface facing away from the holding device is spaced apart from at least one adjusting foot of the selection element from a vertical side surface of the adjusting magnet facing the holding device when the selection element is away from the Holding device is held in its initial position.
- Such an embodiment with an offset between at least one magnetic pole of the adjusting magnet and an adjusting foot of the selection element results in a somewhat lower adjusting force at the beginning of the adjusting process, which, however, increases in the further course of the adjusting process and is higher than in an arrangement without such an offset.
- This measure has a favorable effect in operation, since a more constant force curve results over the adjustment path required.
- at least one pole shoe surface is coated with a material having a low frictional resistance. In this way, the frictional force, which occurs due to the sliding of the surface of the adjusting foot or the adjusting feet on the magnetic pole or on the magnetic poles of the adjusting magnet, is reduced without the shear course being decisively influenced thereby.
- the sliding layer should not be made too thick, since otherwise the air gap between the pole shoe and the adjustable foot becomes too large and the shear force effect thus decreases.
- a plate made of non-permeable material is preferably provided between the pole shoe surface and the edge of the adjustment foot of the selection element facing the pole shoe surface.
- the impermeable material is Teflon. This results in a low frictional resistance between the adjustable foot and the magnetic shoe surface.
- the outermost selection elements are designed as blind selection elements. If, for a particular knitting pattern, immediately adjacent elements are selected, several of them can be located simultaneously in the cover area of the adjusting magnet.
- the magnetic external resistance of the arrangement decreases correspondingly with each further selection element in accordance with a parallel connection.
- the resulting increase in flux causes the magnetic terminal voltage to drop.
- the shear force becomes smaller with each additional adjusting element that is added, ie each additional plate that is added is acted upon by a lower shear force than the previous one.
- the magnetic tension in the adjustable foot of the selection element causes a repulsive force between adjacent selection elements.
- the measure according to the invention is advantageous, the last selection element as a blind selection element that does not function for the knitting process.
- the knitting machine with the adjusting device according to the invention can be used regardless of how the selection and / or holding device is designed.
- the adjustment device according to the invention in particular manages completely without springs or without selection elements which have springs or are acted upon by spring force.
- the adjustment device has the particular advantage that the adjustment elements are held in a fixed, defined position over the entire area of the lock, while no lock parts act on the selection element.
- the selection element can therefore not accidentally slide out of its position or back. Only when a lock part acts on the board base in a defined and controlled manner can the selection element or the board be brought out of its position held by the shear force. Due to the defined mounting of the selection element in the adjustment device, it is not necessary lent to provide certain measures for braking the selection element, such as bending the selection element in order to hold it in position in the channel by frictional forces. Since no braking measures have to be present, there is no wear and no heat development when using the adjustment device according to the invention, and the forces required for the carriage movement can be lower.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration through a needle bed along a needle channel
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a needle bed area in which the selection system is located
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration to explain the
- FIG. 4 shows a simplified schematic representation of the adjustment device according to the invention with shear force effect
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment according to the invention with an adjustment device having two magnetic shoes and selection elements each with two adjustment feet
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment according to the invention with a special assignment of the magnetic pole shoes to the adjustment feet of a selection element
- FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the adjustment magnet in a schematic illustration
- FIG. 8 shows an advantageous embodiment of the adjustment magnet
- Figure 9 is a schematic construction drawing of an adjustment device according to the invention.
- the holding device 31 causes the selection elements 5 to be guided past the selection device 32. If the selection device 32 is controlled in such a way that it is to select one of these selection elements 5 and release it, an adjustment device 34, which will be explained in detail below, operates, which adjusts the selected selection element 5, i. H. subtracts from the selection device 32 and brings it into a selection position 35, in which the foot of the selection element, as already explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, can be gripped and shifted in a controlled manner by lock parts.
- Selection elements 5 which were not selected by the selection device 32 and thus were not adjusted or subtracted by the adjustment device 34, are still held in their initial position by the holding device 31.
- the selection element is in the form of a selection board 5 in the needle channel 1 of the needle bed 2.
- FIG. 4 only the rear part of the selection board 5 is shown with the adjusting foot 11.
- An adjusting magnet 41 of the adjusting device has exerted a force on the adjusting foot 11 of the selection board 5 which, after being released by the holding device (not shown), moves the selection plate in the direction of the needle bed comb.
- the upper edge of the adjusting foot 11 of the selection board 5 slides on the pole face of the adjusting magnet 41.
- the maximum adjusting force occurs when the adjusting foot 11 and the magnetic surface of the adjusting magnet 41 no longer coincide. Due to the relatively high initial shear force, the selected selection element 5 is greatly accelerated at the beginning of the adjustment process, so that it covers a relatively large distance and leaves the selection or holding area safely. Since the force on the path - as shown - decreases to zero, the selection element runs out and does not have to be mechanically reduced by a stop. be slowed down. The method of operation of the adjusting device according to the invention is practically wear-free.
- FIG. 5 shows a preferred embodiment of the adjusting device in a schematic representation.
- 5a shows a side view and 5b shows a view in the direction of the needle channels.
- 5b shows a view in the direction of the needle channels.
- the adjusting magnet in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 has two magnetic shoes 51 and 52.
- the selection elements 5 selected or released by the selection device are pulled by the adjusting magnets in the direction of the needle bed comb until the adjusting feet 53-1 and 54-1 coincide with the magnetic pole surfaces .
- the dimension of the magnetic shoes 51 and 52 seen in the direction of slide travel is so wide that a plurality of selection elements 5-1, 5-2, 5-3 can be detected simultaneously.
- the more selection elements are gripped by the adjusting magnet 41 the lower the shear force.
- repulsive forces occur between the selection elements as a result of the equipolarity of the flux guide parts, ie the adjustment feet of the respective selection boards.
- This means that the selection elements are centered in the needle channel by the repelling forces and the friction of the middle selection element in the needle channel is therefore less. Due to the feature of providing two magnetic shoes, the tendency of the circuit board to tilt out of the needle channel is also prevented.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows an adjusting magnet assembly according to FIG. 5, in which the distances between the magnetic shoes 51, 52 of the adjusting magnet 41 on the one hand and between the adjusting feet 11-1, 11-2 of a selection element on the other hand are chosen such that between An offset 61 occurs at least in one magnetic shoe and the associated adjustable foot. It could be shown that due to this offset 61 a somewhat lower shear force occurs at the beginning. In the course of the adjustment process, however, the shear force is higher than for d, the arrangement shown in FIG. 5 without an offset. The embodiment according to FIG. 6 therefore shows a more constant force curve over the adjustment path.
- FIG. 7 shows a shape of the magnetic shoes 51, 52 of the adjusting magnet 41 with an inclined edge, which faces the adjusting feet 11-1, 11-2 in the starting position. This shape of the magnetic shoes also leads to a more constant shear force curve over the adjustment path.
- FIG. 8 shows a shape of the magnetic shoes 51, 52 whose side surface facing the holding device is angled. This measure makes it possible to keep the selected selection element in an optimal magnetic force range when the carriage is passed over.
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic construction drawing of an adjusting device according to the invention.
- elements and parts which correspond to those of previous figures are provided with the same reference symbols as in these figures and will not be explained again.
- FIG. 1 shows in cross section, an adjusting element 5 with the two adjusting feet 11-1, 11-2 is held by a holding or selecting device 31, which can be of any design and will not be explained further here.
- the adjusting element 5 Above the adjusting element 5 is the adjusting magnet arrangement 41 with two magnets 51 and 52 and a flux guide part 53.
- the vertical side surfaces of the magnets 51 and 52 facing the holding device are aligned with the vertical side surfaces of the adjusting feet 1 facing away from the holding device , 1-1, 11-2 of the selection element 5.
- the selection board foot 9 In this position, the selection board foot 9 is still in the area of the needle selection system and cannot be grasped by lock parts.
- the adjusting magnet 41 is enclosed by an adjusting magnet carrier 93, which in turn is flanged to an upper carrier part 92.
- the carrier upper part 92 can also be any selection and / or holding device 91 of the needle extension according to the invention. 1 Q -
- the underside of the adjusting magnet carrier 93 ,. in which the adjusting magnet 41 and possibly a spacer 95 are arranged is closed off by a wear plate 94 on which the adjusting feet 11-1, 11-2 of the selection element 5 slide when they are released by the selection or holding device 91 a shear force is applied.
- the non-magnetic wear plate 94 can consist, for example, of a material which has the lowest possible frictional resistance for the adjusting feet 11-1, 11-2 of the selection element 5, for example hard metal or teflon, optionally with a corresponding coating, so that low wear and easy mobility is achieved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Dans une machine à tricoter avec un système électrique de sélection des aiguilles, lequel comporte un dispositif de retenue, un dispositif de sélection et un dispositif d'ajustement pour éléments de sélection, le dispositif d'ajustement présente un aimant d'ajustement (41) disposé, par rapport aux éléments de tricotage (5) sélectionnés, de telle façon qu'un effort de cisaillement soit exercé sur les différents éléments de tricotage (5). Il en résulte un système électrique de sélection des aiguilles permettant également lors de hautes fréquences de commutation une sélection fiable, tout en présentant une structure simple.In a knitting machine with an electrical needle selection system, which includes a retainer, a selection device, and an adjustment device for selection elements, the adjustment device has an adjustment magnet (41) arranged, with respect to the selected knitting elements (5), such that a shearing force is exerted on the different knitting elements (5). This results in an electrical needle selection system also allowing reliable selection at high switching frequencies, while having a simple structure.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4015936 | 1990-05-17 | ||
DE4015936A DE4015936A1 (en) | 1990-05-17 | 1990-05-17 | KNITTING MACHINE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0528916A1 true EP0528916A1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
EP0528916B1 EP0528916B1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
Family
ID=6406653
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91909462A Expired - Lifetime EP0528916B1 (en) | 1990-05-17 | 1991-05-16 | Knitting machine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0528916B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4015936A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991018136A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE460144C (en) * | 1928-05-22 | Chemnitzer Strickmaschinenfabr | Electric pattern device for lifting the needles in knitting machines | |
GB883432A (en) * | 1957-12-16 | 1961-11-29 | Macqueen Cybernetics Ltd | Improvements in or relating to knitting machines |
DE1269762C2 (en) * | 1963-05-31 | 1979-08-16 | NEEDLE SELECTION DEVICE FOR KNITTING MACHINES | |
US3851500A (en) * | 1971-04-19 | 1974-12-03 | Rockwell International Corp | Circular knitting machine needle selecting apparatus |
US4768357A (en) * | 1986-02-13 | 1988-09-06 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for knitting a flat knitted fabric, a flat knitting machine and a novel flat knitted fabric knitted by said flat knitting machine |
-
1990
- 1990-05-17 DE DE4015936A patent/DE4015936A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-05-16 DE DE91909462T patent/DE59100821D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-16 WO PCT/EP1991/000917 patent/WO1991018136A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-05-16 EP EP91909462A patent/EP0528916B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9118136A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59100821D1 (en) | 1994-02-17 |
DE4015936A1 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
WO1991018136A1 (en) | 1991-11-28 |
EP0528916B1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
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