EP0526408A1 - Glühkerze für Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen - Google Patents

Glühkerze für Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0526408A1
EP0526408A1 EP92810590A EP92810590A EP0526408A1 EP 0526408 A1 EP0526408 A1 EP 0526408A1 EP 92810590 A EP92810590 A EP 92810590A EP 92810590 A EP92810590 A EP 92810590A EP 0526408 A1 EP0526408 A1 EP 0526408A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
axis
heating body
air flow
candle according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92810590A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Diethard Wenzel
Rolf Moosmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0526408A1 publication Critical patent/EP0526408A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/06—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sparking plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/06—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of combustion-air by flame generating means, e.g. flame glow-plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/06—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of combustion-air by flame generating means, e.g. flame glow-plugs
    • F02N19/08—Arrangement thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flame candle for an internal combustion engine of the diesel type, comprising a main body provided with at least one heating body, a calibrated orifice for the supply of fuel, an evaporation chamber. at least partially surrounding the heating body and a mixing chamber for mixing an air flow with vaporized fuel, this mixing chamber being formed at least partially around said heating body and arranged in the extension of said heating chamber vaporization.
  • This type of flame candle is commonly used on diesel engines, in particular the engines of vehicles, construction machines, boats etc., and are described in particular in the German patent application DE 36 02 236 A1 published before examination.
  • These candles have a substantially cylindrical main body, inside which is mounted the heating body partially surrounded by a cylindrical wall which provides with the heating body a space called the evaporation chamber.
  • a substantially cylindrical sleeve which partially surrounds the end of the heating body and which extends the vaporization chamber.
  • This sleeve is perforated and is arranged in a channel for supplying an air flow, which has the effect of causing the suction of the fuel vaporized in the vaporization chamber and of mixing this vaporized fuel with said flow of air.
  • This mixture which takes place in the mixing chamber defined by this substantially cylindrical sleeve, is ignited by the heating body brought to red, which has the effect of generating a flame whose base is located inside the mixing chamber and which extends in the direction in which said air flow is directed.
  • the perforated sleeve defining the mixing chamber as it is currently used has many drawbacks. Firstly, there is a relatively large scale deposit at the level of the heating body, which has the effect of greatly limiting the life of the candle, and on the other hand, the base of the flame is relatively unstable due to the fact that 'It is located at several orifices of small dimensions formed in the wall of the sleeve and at the open base of this sleeve. Finally, the speeds of the admissible air flow with this type of sleeve hardly exceed 20 m / s, which constitutes a major handicap, owing to the fact that the spark plug goes out as soon as the speed of the air flow exceeds this value, that is, as soon as the engine accelerates.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome all of these drawbacks by producing a flame candle guaranteeing a better quality of the flame produced, a better stability of this flame even for air flows whose speed is very significantly greater than that currently admissible air flows for this type of candle.
  • the flame candle according to the invention is characterized in that said mixing chamber is defined by a channel open at its two ends and whose axis corresponds at least approximately to the direction of the air flow, this channel being arranged transversely relative to the heating body, and comprising a central throttle in which the free end of said heating body is located.
  • said channel comprises an inlet opening for the air flow, the section of which has a surface greater than that of the section of an outlet opening for the mixture of air and vaporized fuel.
  • said channel comprises an inlet opening for the air flow, the cross section of which has a smaller area than that of the section of an outlet opening for the mixture of air and vaporized fuel.
  • the mixing chamber and said channel are formed in a socket mounted at one end of the main body in the extension of the vaporization chamber.
  • said socket has a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the axis of the through channel can be substantially perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve.
  • the axis of the through channel may form an acute angle with the axis of the sleeve.
  • the spark plug can have several substantially parallel through channels oriented along the axis of the air flow.
  • the spark plug can comprise several heating bodies, at least part of the end sections of which is located in said mixing chamber.
  • the channel may comprise at least one opening whose axis is substantially parallel to the axis of the spark plug.
  • the flame candle illustrating the prior art and respectively represented in elevation by FIG. 1A and in axial section by FIG. 1B, comprises a main body 10 whose lower end section 11 is threaded to allow its establishment by screwing by means of a nut 12 on the block of a diesel type engine.
  • the main body 10 is hollow and contains a heating body 13 containing in a manner known per se and described in particular by the German patent application published before examination DE 38 25 013 A1, one or more heating resistors 14.
  • the heating body ends at the upper end of the candle with a connection terminal 15 onto which a tightening nut 16 is screwed.
  • a tubular element 17 coaxial with the heating body 13, and which defines a vaporization chamber 18 which corresponds to the space formed between the heating body 13 and the tubular element 17.
  • the main body is also equipped with a tube 19 ensuring the supply of the combustible fluid to the vaporization chamber 18 through a filter 20 and a calibrated orifice 21.
  • the spark plug has a tubular sleeve 22 which extends the main body 10 of the spark plug and surrounds the end section of the heating body 13.
  • the sleeve has a cylindrical shape and is open at both ends so that so that it communicates from above with the vaporization chamber 18 and that it lets down the mixture of air and vaporized fuel.
  • This sleeve has a series of lateral openings, for example a double row of circular openings 23 which are intended, on the one hand to let part of the air flow materialized by the arrow A and on the other hand, to let escape the vaporized air-fuel mixture ignited by the heating body brought to red, materialized by arrow B.
  • this embodiment has a certain number of drawbacks and favors the deposition of scale on the heating body, which has the effect of considerably reducing the life of the flame candle.
  • the different embodiments of a flame candle according to the invention differ from those of the prior art by the removal of the sleeve 22 and its replacement by a socket closed at one of its ends and pierced right through to define a transverse channel which crosses a mixing chamber in which the vaporized air-fuel mixture takes place.
  • this transverse channel 31 has a central throttle and the lower end of the heating body 13 is approximately located at its center. It has the shape of a Venturi tube delimited by a frustoconical orifice 33 which serves as an inlet for the air flow A and a frustoconical orifice 34 which serves as an orifice for discharging the vaporized air-fuel mixture B.
  • the sections orifices 33 and 34 are substantially identical.
  • the axis of this channel 31 is approximately perpendicular to the axis of the heating body 13.
  • the sleeve 30 consists of an insert engaged in a suitable annular recess formed at the end of the main body 10 of the spark plug.
  • the channel can be provided with one or more openings having an axis substantially parallel to the axis candle.
  • Such an opening 35 is shown in broken lines. It is not compulsory, but can offer advantages for certain uses.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment in which the bush 30 is provided with a transverse channel 31 whose side walls are divergent in the direction of the air flow defined by the arrow A and define an inlet orifice 43 of section lower than that of the outlet orifice 44.
  • the outflow B that is to say of the vaporized air-fuel mixture, undergoes a slowing down through the channel 31, which can be an advantage for some engines.
  • a particular construction may include an opening 55 having the same functions as the opening 35.
  • the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4 differs from the previous embodiment in that the side walls of the transverse channel 31 formed in the sleeve 30 are convergent and define an inlet orifice 53 of section larger than that of the outlet orifice 54
  • This embodiment generates an acceleration of the outgoing flow relative to the incident air flow defined by arrow A.
  • This characteristic is particularly suitable for certain engines and contributes to preventing the deposition of scale on the heating body, consequently increasing the life of the flame candle.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the socket 30, in which the channel 31 has cylindrical walls.
  • the cross section of this channel is substantially constant in its end parts and the inlet 63 and outlet 64 openings have identical sections.
  • the end of the heating body is situated substantially at the level of the axis of the channel 31.
  • One or more openings 65 may be provided.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a variant of the flame candle represented by FIG. 2.
  • the heating body extends beyond the axis of the transverse channel 31 formed in the socket 30 and ends in a recess 40 provided in the base of the sleeve 30. Therefore, the mixing chamber is completely traversed by the end section of the heating body.
  • One or more openings 35 can be provided, as in the example illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a particular profile of the side walls of the transverse channel 31 formed in a socket 30.
  • the orifice oriented towards the air flow A has walls which form with the axis of the channel 31 an angle ⁇ between 15 and 75 ° and preferably close to 60 °. These walls are then curved with respect to this axis and their angle with respect to this axis progressively changes from 0 to 45, or even 90 °.
  • the channel may have one or more openings 75.
  • the profile of the walls of the channel 31 can be modified ad infinitum depending on the results that one wishes to obtain.
  • this channel advantageously has a constriction at the level of the heating body, which allows to record an acceleration of the air flow at this location, this phenomenon helping to prevent the deposition of scale on this component.
  • FIG. 8 schematically illustrates an embodiment in which the spark plug comprises two heating bodies arranged parallel to each other and following one another in the channel 31 formed transversely through the bushing 30.
  • the channel may have one or more openings 85.
  • FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a flame candle in which two heating bodies 50 and 60 are arranged parallel to each other inside respectively of two through channels 31A and 31B which are coupled in their central part to define the mixing chamber.
  • the channel may include one or more openings 95.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can undergo different modifications and come in various variants obvious to those skilled in the art.
  • the shape and profile of the walls of the transverse channel can be modified and the axis of this channel, instead of being perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve, could form an acute angle with it. It is the same for the number of transverse channels as well as the number of heating bodies whose end section is located inside the transverse channel (s).
  • These different embodiments adapt to different motors and all have The aim is to increase the quality of the flame as well as its stability and to preserve the heating elements of the scale, which amounts to increasing the life of the candle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP92810590A 1991-08-02 1992-08-03 Glühkerze für Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen Withdrawn EP0526408A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2301/91 1991-08-02
CH230191 1991-08-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0526408A1 true EP0526408A1 (de) 1993-02-03

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Family Applications (1)

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EP92810590A Withdrawn EP0526408A1 (de) 1991-08-02 1992-08-03 Glühkerze für Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US5216990A (de)
EP (1) EP0526408A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3007081A1 (fr) * 2013-06-18 2014-12-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Unite de rechauffage electrique de fluide dans une conduite ou un reservoir

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4243959A1 (de) * 1992-12-23 1994-06-30 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Flammstartanlage für eine Verbrennungseinrichtung
DE19506711C1 (de) * 1995-02-25 1996-05-09 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Flammglühkerze für eine Dieselbrennkraftmaschine
US5860804A (en) * 1997-10-30 1999-01-19 Societe En Commandite Gaz Metropolitain Baffle ignitor assembly
USH1820H (en) * 1998-12-22 1999-12-07 Caterpillar Inc. Method for heating actuating fluid in a fuel system
AR053515A1 (es) * 2005-06-06 2007-05-09 Bosch Do Brasil Ensamble para calentamiento de combustible y metodo para el precalentamiento de combustible de un motor de combustion interna
BRPI1100311B1 (pt) * 2011-02-11 2022-01-04 Magneti Marelli Sistemas Automotivos Indústria E Comércio Ltda. - Divisão Controle Motor Conjunto aquecedor de combustível com efeito fusível
US9587835B2 (en) * 2014-04-08 2017-03-07 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Home appliance with improved gas igniter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3602206A (en) * 1968-02-07 1971-08-31 Daimler Benz Ag Flame heater plug for air-compressing internal combustion engines
FR2151865A5 (de) * 1971-08-27 1973-04-20 Bosch
EP0189714A1 (de) * 1984-12-28 1986-08-06 Institut Français du Pétrole Vorrichtung zum Verbessern der Qualität des von einem pneumatischen Einspritzsystem gelieferten Gemisches
US4751900A (en) * 1987-02-26 1988-06-21 Ruffolo Russ F Adjustable segmented rotary twin port valve shaft

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1359514A (en) * 1917-09-28 1920-11-23 Cutler Hammer Mfg Co Ignition device
US1632314A (en) * 1923-06-07 1927-06-14 Rudqvist Carl August Ignition plug for internal-combustion motors
DE3602136A1 (de) * 1986-01-24 1987-07-30 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Flammgluehkerze
DE3825013A1 (de) * 1988-07-22 1990-01-25 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Gluehkerze

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3602206A (en) * 1968-02-07 1971-08-31 Daimler Benz Ag Flame heater plug for air-compressing internal combustion engines
FR2151865A5 (de) * 1971-08-27 1973-04-20 Bosch
EP0189714A1 (de) * 1984-12-28 1986-08-06 Institut Français du Pétrole Vorrichtung zum Verbessern der Qualität des von einem pneumatischen Einspritzsystem gelieferten Gemisches
US4751900A (en) * 1987-02-26 1988-06-21 Ruffolo Russ F Adjustable segmented rotary twin port valve shaft

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3007081A1 (fr) * 2013-06-18 2014-12-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Unite de rechauffage electrique de fluide dans une conduite ou un reservoir

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Publication number Publication date
US5216990A (en) 1993-06-08

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