EP0521081B1 - Appareil a reduire les materiaux - Google Patents

Appareil a reduire les materiaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0521081B1
EP0521081B1 EP91906904A EP91906904A EP0521081B1 EP 0521081 B1 EP0521081 B1 EP 0521081B1 EP 91906904 A EP91906904 A EP 91906904A EP 91906904 A EP91906904 A EP 91906904A EP 0521081 B1 EP0521081 B1 EP 0521081B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knives
shafts
rotation
axis
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91906904A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0521081A1 (fr
Inventor
Per Torp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Niro Separation AS
Original Assignee
Niro Separation AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8096929&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0521081(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Niro Separation AS filed Critical Niro Separation AS
Publication of EP0521081A1 publication Critical patent/EP0521081A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0521081B1 publication Critical patent/EP0521081B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/24—Drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C2018/164—Prevention of jamming and/or overload

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing materials such as organic waste, very bulky waste like refrigerators, tyres, furniture, tree stumps, demolition timber or the like, wherein said apparatus includes reducing means consisting of U-shaped knives situated in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation for the shafts and which are arranged evenly along and around two substantially parallel and horisontal shafts which are driven by a motor being able to drive the shafts in opposite directions and which are situated with a mutual distance a little wider than the double distance between the radially outer point of a knife and the axis of rotation, driving means are arranged between the motor and the shaft, said material is supplied to the knives through an inlet disposed above the knives, said knives co-operate with knives fixedly mounted between said shafts on a part of the frame of the apparatus for reducing the material when said shafts rotate in opposite directions whereby the cutting edge of the blades is moved towards each other at the upperside of the fixed knives.
  • reducing means consisting of U-shaped knives situated
  • the driving means arranged between the motor and the shafts comprise a suitable gear for each of said two shafts, a hydraulic motor with adjustable speeds of rotation for activating each shaft, an adjustable pump for feeding each hydraulic motor, and gears through which the motor activates said pumps which are able to revert the flow through the hydraulic motors to rotate each shaft individually forwards and backwards according to a predetermined sequence.
  • the knives will perform a reduction in the form of a cutting through and a carrying along of the materials which are placed on the frame of the apparatus in a feed funnel. Due to the positioning of the knives the material is carried along evenly without the risk that a large amount of material from time to time is introduced between the rotating knives and the fixed knives. This even carrying and the consequently even reduction of the material may be ensured by positioning the knives about the two shafts in a random manner or helically. When, at the upperside of the frame, the cutting blades are moved towards each other they will carry along the material which is reduced when the edges of the cutting blades co-operate with the fixed knives. Thus in an efficient manner the knives will contribute to ensure that the material is fed, and a suitable embodiment of the knives makes it possible to adjust the quantity of the material fed relative to the capacity of the activating means and the loading which the knives may tolerate.
  • the activating means of the apparatus are arranged in such a way that at intervals they may rotate the shafts individually in a direction opposite the rotating direction of the cutting movement of the knife.
  • This forwarded and backwarded individual rotation of the shafts is established according to a predetermined sequence which is determined with due regard to the material to be reduced. Such rotation may also be initiated due to a metering of the load on the knives.
  • forwarded and backwarded rotation refers to the rotation in the direction of the cutting movement of the knives respectively their rotation in the opposite direction.
  • each knife comprises two successively arranged and substantially U-shaped blades, that the radially outer and front parts of the two blades, as seen in the rotation direction of the cutting movement of the knives, are constructed as substantially tagentially orientated wedges, that the distance between the axis of rotation and the wedge of the front blade is shorter than the distance between the the axis of rotation and the wedge of the trailing blade and that the radially outer contour of the traling blade corresponds substantially to a segment of a spiral-shaped line about the axis of rotation.
  • each of the two U-shaped knives is capable of carrying and reducing the amount of material which is determined by the opening of the U-shaped cutting blade. As the front part of the cutting blade is also wedge-shaped, an initial splitting of the material will be performed before the cutting movement of the knives starts.
  • the different radial positionings of the two wedges of the cutting blades make it possible to perform a more efficient reduction of the material for each rotation of the shaft, than would be possible with one blade having a wedge-shaped point positioned substantially in the same manner as the wedge-shaped point of the trailing blade.
  • the efficiency of the knives is increased as a cleaning and redistribution of the material are performed when the shaft is rotated backwards.
  • the redistribution of the material inside the apparatus is performed in a very efficient manner as the outer contour of the trailing blade is spiral-shaped and optionally ribbed. This shape ensures that the material will not "roll” as would be the case if the outer contour was smooth and circular about the axis of rotation.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a plane view of an apparatus according to the invention as seen from above.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises two parallel and horizontal shafts 2.
  • the shafts 2 are provided with knives 3.
  • the knives 3 are mounted on the the shafts 2 by means of clamping flanges 4 so that each knife 3 runs in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5.
  • the knives 3 which will be subject to more detailed explanation below, co-operates with lower knives 6 which are fixedly mounted on transversing beams 7 which constitute a part of the frame 1 of the apparatus.
  • the knives 6 are located between the two shafts so that a reduction of the material is performed by the rotating knives 3 rotating from the top side past the fixed knives 6. The reduction of the material is thus performed in the area between the two shafts 2 and at the upper side of the fixed knives 6.
  • the rotating knives 3 are arranged helically along each of the two shafts 2. As the shafts rotate in opposite direction thereby leading the knives 3 towards each other at the upper side of the fixed knives 6 the material is drawn into the space and into the reduction zone. This material feeding takes place in a moderate pace due to the helical position of the knives 3. This ensures an even distribution of the load on the apparatus, and thus there are no requirements for a high effect to handle momentarily large overloads.
  • Each knife 3 comprises two successively arranged substantially U-shaped knive blades 8.
  • the radially outer and front parts 9 of the two blades as seen in the direction of rotation 10 of the knife's 3 cutting movement, are arranged with substantially tangentially orientated wedges 12. This wedge-shape facilitates the penetration of the knives and the initial reduction of the material.
  • each of the two blades 8 has an edge 11, which runs along the inside of the U-shaped blade.
  • each of the two blades 8 contributes to the reduction of the material and simultaneously an even distribution of the loading is achieved as the reduction process takes place in two separate operations each being performed by each of the two blades 8. Together with the helical positioning of the knives 3, this will contribute to the minimization of the effect required in order to operate the apparatus.
  • the radially outer contour 13 of the trailing blade follows a spiral-shaped line about the axis of rotation 5 with the radially outermost part arranged at the wedge.
  • the risk of squeezing the material against the outer contour 13 is hereby minimized.
  • an oppositely orientated U-shaped blade 15 with an edge 16 which contributes to the reducing when the shaft rotates in the opposite direction 10 of the cutting movement of the knife.
  • the blade 15 which is also provided with a wedge-shaped point 17, will be able to reduce the material located inside the frame of the apparatus 1 but in the area outside the two shafts 2.
  • the outer contour 13 may be ribbed or smooth. If ribbed, a better contact with the material is achieved and thus a better redistribution.
  • Each knife is mounted on a shaft 2 as a stopper 18 is brought into contact with a flange 4 and is attached thereto by means of bolts 19 (cf. Fig. 1). In case a knife breaks it is easily replaced. It is also possible to readjust the apparatus for another number of knives per shaft than the shown arrangement having nine knives per shaft.
  • the shafts 2 and the fixedly mounted knives 6 are mounted on a part of the frame of the apparatus which constitutes an independent unit which may easily be removed from the remaining part of the apparatus 1. For maintenance, it is necessary to replace only this unit following which the apparatus is ready for use.
  • Fig. 5 shows that via a suitable gear 20 each of the two shafts 2 is activated by separate activation means in the form of hydraulic motors 21 with adjustable speeds of rotation.
  • the hydraulic motors 21 are fed by means of adjustable pumps 22 which via gears 23 are activated by an engine 24.
  • the engine 24 may be a diesel-powered engine or one or several electrical motors.
  • a pressure switch 26 In the circuit leading the hydraulic oil from a container 25 to the hydraulic motors 21, a pressure switch 26 has been inserted in front of each of the motors 21.
  • a pressure switch 26 has been inserted in front of each of the motors 21.
  • the speed of rotation is regulated in two steps of speed, however, the regulation may also be continous.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates three examples of sequences for each of the two shafts 2.
  • the lowermost parts of the graphs illustrate the rotation of the shafts in the direction 10 for the cutting movement of the knives while the uppermost parts of the graph illustrate the rotation in the opposite direction.
  • the time lag t1 and t2 is 5 seconds and 20 seconds, respectively.
  • the time lags t3 and t4 are 5 seconds and 40 seconds, respectively.
  • the time lag t5 and t6 are 5 seconds and 40 seconds, respectively.
  • the material is fed at the top of the apparatus shown in fig. 1 which is suitable for reducing waste as e.g. refrigerators, tyres, organic waste, furniture or the like.
  • waste e.g. refrigerators, tyres, organic waste, furniture or the like.
  • the two shafts 2 rotate according to a predetermind sequence.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Appareil (1) servant à réduire des matières, telles que des déchets organiques, des déchets très encombrants tels que des réfrigérateurs, des pneumatiques, des meubles, des souches d'arbre, des poutres de démolition ou analogues, dans lequel ledit appareil comprend un moyen de réduction, consistant en des lames en forme de U (3) situées dans un plan perpendiculaires à l'axe de rotation des arbres et qui sont agencées de façon régulière le long et autour de deux arbres (2) pratiquement parallèles et horizontaux, qui sont entraînés par un moteur (24) capable d'entraîner les arbres (2) dans des sens opposés, les arbres étant situés à une distance mutuelle légèrement supérieure au double de la distance entre le point radialement extérieur (9) d'une lame (3) et l'axe de rotation (5), des moyens d'entraînement (20, 21, 22, 23) étant disposés entre le moteur (24) et les arbres (2), ladite matière étant fournie aux lames par une entrée disposée au-dessus des lames, lesdites lames (3) coopèrant avec les lames (6) montées rigidement entre lesdits arbres (2), sur une partie (7) du cadre de l'appareil, afin de réduire la matière lorsque lesdits arbres tournent dans des directions opposées, de manière que les arêtes tranchantes (11) des lames (8) soient rapprochées les unes des autres au niveau du coté supérieur des lames (6) fixes, caractérisé en ce que la distance mutuelle entre les deux arbres (2) est une distance déterminée et en ce que lesdits moyens d'entraînement comprennent un engrenage (20) approprié, destiné à chacun desdits deux arbres (2), un moteur hydraulique (21) possédant des vitesses de rotation réglables, afin d'actionner chaque arbre (2), une pompe réglable (22) servant à alimenter chaque moteur hydraulique (21), et des engrenages (23) par lesquels le moteur (24) actionne lesdites pompes (22), qui sont capables d'inverser l'écoulement passant par les moteurs hydrauliques (21), afin de faire tourner chaque arbre individuellement en marche avant et en marche arrière selon une séquence prédéterminée.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque lame (3) comprend des lames (8) disposées de façon successive et sensiblement en forme de U, en ce que les parties radialement extérieures et avant (9) des deux lames, comme on le voit dans la direction de rotation (10) du mouvement de coupe des lames, sont construites comme des pointes (12) orientées pratiquement tangentiellement, en ce que la distance entre l'axe de rotation (5) et la pointe (12) de la lame avant (8) est inférieure à la distance entre l'axe de rotation (5) et la pointe (12) de la lame arrière (8) et en ce que le contour (13) radialement extérieur de la lame arrière (8) correspond sensiblement à un segment d'une ligne en forme de spirale située autour de l'axe de rotation (5).
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les deux lames arrières situées sur la partie arrière (14), comme on le voit dans le sens de rotation (10) du mouvement de coupe des lames (3), présentent un bord en forme de U (16) orienté de façon opposée, qui coopère à la réduction de la matière durant la rotation dans un un sens opposé à la direction (10), concernant le mouvement de coupe des lames (3).
  4. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la lame arrière présente une surface extérieure nervurée.
  5. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que 8 à 15, de préférence 9 à 12, lames (3) sont utilisées pour un arbre (2) présentant une longueur de 3 mètres.
  6. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits arbres (2) et les lames fixes (6) comprennent un ensemble indépendant qui peut être retiré et/ou remplacé durant l'entretien et le remontage de l'appareil.
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les lames des deux arbres sont situées de façon mutuellement déplacées l'un par rapport à l'autre et en ce qu'une ligne hélicoïdale formée par les lames autour des deux arbres est disposées pratiquement symétriquement autour d'un plan vertical placé à mi-chemin entre les deux arbres.
  8. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraînement (20, 21, 22, 23) sont destinés à faire tourner les arbres (2) selon des vitesses de rotation et des séquences de rotations individuelles.
  9. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un circuit hydraulique comprend des commutateurs de pression (26), mesurant la charge exercée sur les lames (3), et en ce que la vitesse de rotation est commandée par degrés, selon des signaux provenant des commutateurs de pression (26).
  10. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraînement (20, 21, 22, 23) sont agencés en vue d'une intervention manuelle dans la séquence prédéterminée.
EP91906904A 1990-03-21 1991-03-20 Appareil a reduire les materiaux Expired - Lifetime EP0521081B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK073490A DK169378B1 (da) 1990-03-21 1990-03-21 Apparat til neddeling af materiale
DK734/90 1990-03-21
PCT/DK1991/000088 WO1991014501A1 (fr) 1990-03-21 1991-03-20 Appareil a reduire les materiaux

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0521081A1 EP0521081A1 (fr) 1993-01-07
EP0521081B1 true EP0521081B1 (fr) 1994-09-21

Family

ID=8096929

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91906904A Expired - Lifetime EP0521081B1 (fr) 1990-03-21 1991-03-20 Appareil a reduire les materiaux

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0521081B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0783841B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE111773T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7583191A (fr)
DE (1) DE69104194T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK169378B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991014501A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10247281B3 (de) * 2002-10-10 2004-03-04 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Zerkleinerungsmaschine für Material beliebiger Art, z.B. Abfall oder Holz
WO2006045280A1 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-04 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Procede pour reguler le fonctionnement d'une machine de broyage de matieres quelconques
DE102004052969B4 (de) * 2003-10-30 2007-01-11 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung des Prozesses einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine für Material beliebiger Art
JP2008543554A (ja) * 2005-06-22 2008-12-04 エム アンド イ インダストリーズ アー／エス 粉砕プラント
KR101472272B1 (ko) * 2014-05-16 2014-12-10 (주)에이씨아이케미칼아시아 비대칭 고정나이프가 구비되는 복합 파쇄 장치

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04114750A (ja) * 1990-09-04 1992-04-15 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 廃棄物破砕装置並びに該装置に用いる回転刃
AU6785796A (en) * 1995-09-12 1997-04-01 Niro Separation A/S A comminution machine
US6266311B1 (en) 1997-10-09 2001-07-24 Lg Electronics, Inc. Optical disk player
US6092751A (en) * 1998-10-21 2000-07-25 Eurec Technology Gmbh Comminuting apparatus
EP1072314A1 (fr) * 1999-07-22 2001-01-31 Sté Moditec Forme de la partie active d'un couteau pour broyeur à couteaux
JP2005305307A (ja) * 2004-04-21 2005-11-04 T Rad Co Ltd 破砕装置
IS2409B (is) * 2005-11-11 2008-10-15 Örn Jensson Guðmundur Búnaður til þess að skera niður
EP3000531B1 (fr) 2014-09-25 2017-11-01 FOR REC srl Machine de broyage de déchets
IT201900014100A1 (it) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-06 Meka S R L Apparato di smaltimento.

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH532420A (de) * 1970-10-22 1973-01-15 Kaczmarek Al Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Abfall
US4385732A (en) * 1980-08-29 1983-05-31 Williams Robert M Waste material breaking and shredding apparatus
SE437477B (sv) * 1982-04-01 1985-03-04 Tillverknings Ab Processproduk Anordning for sonderdelning av gods, sasom hushallsavfall, skogsavfall och liknande
JPS6134055U (ja) * 1984-07-30 1986-03-01 リンナイ株式会社 熱交換器
JPS6157062A (ja) * 1984-08-28 1986-03-22 Pioneer Electronic Corp フロントロ−デイングデイスクプレ−ヤ
DE3577514D1 (de) * 1984-08-31 1990-06-13 Mochizuki Precision Machine Schneidmaschine.
JPH0785779B2 (ja) * 1986-07-29 1995-09-20 勤 氏家 切断式クラツシヤ
JPS6333634U (fr) * 1986-08-20 1988-03-04

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10247281B3 (de) * 2002-10-10 2004-03-04 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Zerkleinerungsmaschine für Material beliebiger Art, z.B. Abfall oder Holz
US7237739B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2007-07-03 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Grinding machine and method of grinding material
DE102004052969B4 (de) * 2003-10-30 2007-01-11 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung des Prozesses einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine für Material beliebiger Art
WO2006045280A1 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-04 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Procede pour reguler le fonctionnement d'une machine de broyage de matieres quelconques
DE102005020750B4 (de) * 2004-10-29 2008-03-20 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung des Prozesses einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine für Material beliebiger Art
JP2008543554A (ja) * 2005-06-22 2008-12-04 エム アンド イ インダストリーズ アー／エス 粉砕プラント
US7896275B2 (en) 2005-06-22 2011-03-01 M & J Industries A/S Comminution plant
KR101472272B1 (ko) * 2014-05-16 2014-12-10 (주)에이씨아이케미칼아시아 비대칭 고정나이프가 구비되는 복합 파쇄 장치

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1991014501A1 (fr) 1991-10-03
DK73490D0 (da) 1990-03-21
EP0521081A1 (fr) 1993-01-07
DK169378B1 (da) 1994-10-17
DK73490A (da) 1991-09-22
AU7583191A (en) 1991-10-21
JPH0783841B2 (ja) 1995-09-13
DE69104194D1 (de) 1994-10-27
JPH05505558A (ja) 1993-08-19
DE69104194T2 (de) 1995-04-06
ATE111773T1 (de) 1994-10-15

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