EP0520919B1 - Filtervorrichtung für elektromagnetische Wellen in einem Wellenleiter mit Rotationssymmetrie, und eingefugten rechteckigen Wellenleiterstücken - Google Patents
Filtervorrichtung für elektromagnetische Wellen in einem Wellenleiter mit Rotationssymmetrie, und eingefugten rechteckigen Wellenleiterstücken Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0520919B1 EP0520919B1 EP92460018A EP92460018A EP0520919B1 EP 0520919 B1 EP0520919 B1 EP 0520919B1 EP 92460018 A EP92460018 A EP 92460018A EP 92460018 A EP92460018 A EP 92460018A EP 0520919 B1 EP0520919 B1 EP 0520919B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filtering
- waveguide
- rectangular
- sections
- circular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
- H01P1/2131—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies with combining or separating polarisations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
- H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/165—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation
- H01P1/17—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation for producing a continuously rotating polarisation, e.g. circular polarisation
Definitions
- the field of the invention is that of filtering in the electromagnetic waveguides. More specifically, the invention relates to a device for filtering waves circulating in waveguides with symmetry of revolution, such as the circular waveguides or the coaxial waveguides used in TE 11 mode.
- the invention applies in particular to dual-band filtering.
- An important use of this invention is in fact the production of bi-band and bi-polarization duplexers, especially when the accesses of the duplexers are in the same standard of rectangular guide. This is for example the case of the bands 10.95-12.5 GHz and 14-14.5 GHz in WR 75. In general, the horizontal and vertical polarizations of these duplexers are not identical in the two frequency bands considered.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of such a duplexer, of known type.
- the high band 11 for example 14-14.5 GHz
- low band 12 for example 10.95-12.5 GHz
- the outlet 13 towards the radiating element is in circular waveguide.
- the excitation is done by coupling using a slot in the duplexer 14, between the rectangular guide and the circular guide.
- a slot in the duplexer 14 In order for the wave to propagate towards the radiating element and not towards the high band access II as a rectangular guide, it is necessary to place a rectangular to circular transition 15 and a polarization filter 16 between the access high band 11 and duplexer 14.
- FIG. 2 shows a metal blade filter 21, and FIG. 3 a filter with metallic wires 31, 32, 33.
- a 1 degree error in the positioning of this blade 21 or these wires 31, 32, 33 causes a decoupling (transmission of the electromagnetic wave from access 11 to access 12) maximum of 35 dB, which is generally insufficient.
- the production of these devices therefore requires great precision in the placement and fixing of the blade 21 or of the wires 31, 32, 33 inside the circular guide 22.
- the manufacture of such filters requires several steps successive and delicate.
- document DE-A-3 326 829 describes a band-pass filter produced using rectangular cavities coupled together by circular openings also called iris. Filtering is done as a function of frequency, the bandwidth being fixed using the lengths of the different rectangular cavities.
- This document DE'829 is very far from the invention since it relates to frequency filtering and not to polarization filtering.
- the main guide described in this document is rectangular and not with symmetry of revolution, since the irises, whether thick or not, cannot behave like portions of circular waveguide.
- Document GB-582,856 describes a transmitter (or receiver) consisting of a circular waveguide portion closed at one end, a probe fixed to the circular guide portion, and a guide portion rectangular wave, placed in the extension of the circular guide portion, at its unclosed end.
- This document is also very far from the invention. Indeed, it describes a transmitter (or receiver) and not a filter. Furthermore, the structures of this transmitter are very different from those of the filter of the invention.
- this transmitter comprises a probe whereas the filter of the invention does not require such an element; the circular guide portion of this transmitter is closed at one of its ends, whereas in the invention it is a circular main guide open at its two ends; the rectangular guide portion of this transmitter is placed in the extension of the circular guide portion, so as to be able to emit or receive waves, while the rectangular guide section of the filter of the invention is inserted in substitution in the guide main circular).
- Document GB-2 166 297 describes an antenna excitation device operating on two distinct frequency bands, comprising two polarization duplexers. This document is very far from the invention. Indeed, the duplexers described do not include any polarization filtering element.
- the invention particularly aims to overcome the drawbacks of polarization filters according to the prior art.
- an objective of the invention is to provide a polarization filtering device for waveguides with symmetry of revolution which is easily achievable, from the mechanical point of view, and in particular a filtering device which does not require the postponement of elements inside the waveguide.
- Another objective of the invention is to provide such a filtering device providing satisfactory decoupling, of at least 40 to 45 dB.
- a particular objective of the invention is to provide such a filtering device allowing the total reflection of one polarization, and the total transmission of the other polarization, in a given frequency band.
- the invention also has the additional objective of providing such a device, making it possible to pass from a linear polarization to a circular polarization.
- These rectangular waveguide sections introduce an asymmetry into the main waveguide. According to their geometrical characteristics, their number and their spacing, they allow for example to obtain a filter having a coefficient of reflection close to 1 for one of the polarizations, and a reflection coefficient close to 0 for the other polarization, in a given frequency band. For other dimensions, it is also possible that there is no longer any overlap between the filtered band and the bandwidth of the filter.
- each section is abrupt (that is to say, it consists of a wall substantially perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the main guide). No particular element of progressive transition, or of adaptation, is necessary between the main waveguide and the filtering sections. These abrupt transitions are of course closed by a metallic conductor on the part of the transition where the two sections of the rectangular and circular guides do not coincide (otherwise, the waves would no longer be guided).
- said main waveguide element is of the type of circular waveguides or of the type of coaxial waveguides in TE 11 mode.
- the width of said sections of rectangular waveguides is greater than or equal to the diameter of said main waveguide element.
- said main waveguide element and said sections of rectangular guides are centered on said axis of symmetry.
- the device of the invention comprises a set of at least two sections of rectangular waveguide inserted at spaced locations in said main waveguide element.
- the invention therefore relates in particular to a filtering device, produced by inserting rectangular sections of waveguides introducing asymmetry into a main waveguide with symmetry of revolution.
- the main waveguide is a circular waveguide.
- the invention can be easily generalized to other types of waveguides.
- the main waveguide can also be, for example, a coaxial waveguide in mode T 11 .
- elements of guides of known type said to be of symmetry of revolution, provided that their symmetry is eliminated, for example by placing a dielectric strip along one of the polarizations.
- FIG. 4 illustrates, in a schematic perspective representation, a filter element according to the invention.
- the circular main waveguide is separated into two parts 41 A and 41 B , between which a rectangular waveguide section 42 is inserted.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B By combining several elements as shown in this FIG. 4, it is possible to produce a precise and effective filter, as illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B presented below.
- the main waveguide 41 A , 41 B is connected to the rectangular section 42 by walls 44 A and 44 B which close the part of the transition on which the sections of the circular and rectangular guides do not coincide.
- the walls 44 A and 44 B must be steep. In other words, the walls 44 A and 44 B are substantially perpendicular to the axis of symmetry 45 of the main waveguide 41 A , 41 B. No transition element is inserted. These walls 44 A and 44 B are metallic. They cannot of course be completely open (presence of air) or made of a dielectric. Otherwise, the wave could escape and would no longer be guided.
- the circular guide 41 A is placed in the center of the rectangular guide 42, and the common section 43 of the two waveguides is circular.
- the height of the rectangular guide 42 is therefore at least equal to the diameter of the circular guide 41 A.
- all of the sections 41 A , 42, 41 B are centered on the same longitudinal axis, namely the axis of symmetry 45. In other applications, however, provision may be made for these sections are shifted.
- the geometry of the rectangular guide section (height, width and thickness), as well as the number of sections and the spacing between these sections, depend on the characteristics desired for the filter. These various parameters can for example be determined according to the modal method.
- the bandwidth can therefore be high (for example of the order of 10%).
- the invention finds a preferred application in dual-band and bi-polarization duplexers such as that shown schematically in FIG. 1.
- the polarization filter 16 must completely transmit the one of the polarizations, and reflect the other polarization.
- the numerical example described below relates to such a filter, for the frequency band 12-13 GHz.
- the polarization of the wave propagating in the circular guide can be placed along the diagonal of the rectangular guide.
- the device of the invention can find many other applications, both in the field of filtering and in that of polarization.
- FIG. 5 therefore presents the dimensions of a filter, the performance of which is illustrated by FIGS. 6A and 6B.
- This filter consists of four sections of rectangular waveguides 51 A to 51 D , inserted in the circular waveguide 52.
- the excitations are in TE 11 mode in the circular waveguide 52.
- this embodiment does not correspond to an optimized filter, but aims to allow the validation of a software calculation, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B.
- FIG. 6A indeed shows the curve 61 A of the reflection coefficient of the filtering device of FIG. 5, when the polarization in TE mode 11 in circular guide is perpendicular to the short side of the rectangular sections 51 A to 51 D.
- the TE 11 mode is completely transmitted on the 12-13 GHz frequency band, the reflection coefficient being close to 0.
- the objective of this filter given as an example is to provide a filtering result closest to that theoretically fixed by calculation for a given application, represented by a series 61 A of + signs.
- the curve 62 A of measured reflection shows that it is possible, with the device of the invention, to conform the filtering characteristics so precise. It can be seen that the curve 62 A is very close to the desired results 61 A.
- FIG. 6B shows the reflection coefficient of the same device, when the polarization of the TE 11 mode in a circular guide is parallel to the short side of the rectangular sections 51 A to 51 D. TE 11 mode is then fully reflected for the 12-13 GHz frequency band. Indeed, the reflection coefficient close to 1, and the transmission is therefore zero.
- the invention is of course not limited to the embodiment described above. It is in fact possible, for example, to produce filters using rectangular sections of different geometries. These different sections can then be joined or not, and separated by spaces of fixed or variable sizes.
- the device of the invention can also be used for filtering a frequency band in a circular guide in TE 11 mode, in the case of a rectilinear polarization.
- Another application of the device of the invention is also the production of polarizers to transform a linear polarization into circular polarization.
- a polarizer is a device which makes it possible to pass from a linear polarization to a circular polarization.
- the linear polarization must be parallel to a diagonal of the rectangular guide.
- a circular polarization is then obtained, the waves polarized horizontally and vertically not having the same phase speed in the rectangular guide.
- a complete polarizer can be produced by combining several elements according to the invention or by combining them with other elements already known.
Landscapes
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
Claims (7)
- Filtervorrichtung zur Polarisierung elektromagnetischer Wellen. die sich in einem Hauptwellenleiterelement (41 A , 41 B ; 52) mit Rotationssymmetrie. das sich entlang einer Symmetrieachse (45) erstreckt. fortpflanzen.dadurch gekennzeichnet. daß es mindestens ein rechteckiges Filterwellenleiterstück (42. 51 A bis 51 D ) umfaßt. welches als Substitution in das Hauptwellenleiterelement (41 A , 41 B ; 52) eingefügt ist.wobei jeder Übergang (44 A , 44 B ) zwischen dem Hauptwellenleiterelement (41 A , 41 B ; 52) und jedem Filterwellenleiterstück (42, 51 A bis 51 D ) aus einer metallischen Wand besteht. die etwa senkrecht zur Symmetrieachse (45) steht.wobei die Zahl und die geometrischen und/oder dimensionellen Eigenschaften dieser rechteckigen Wellenleiterstücke (42. 51 A bis 51 D ) so gewählt sind. daß sie ein Filter mit im voraus festgelegtem Filterprofil darstellen.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hauptwellenleiterelement (41 A , 41 B ; 52) von der Art der kreisförmigen Wellenleiter oder der koaxialen Wellenleiter im TE 11 -Modus ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite des rechteckigen Wellenleiterstücks (42, 51 A bis 51 D ) kleiner oder gleich dem Durchmesser des Hauptwellenleiterelements (41 A , 41 B ; 52) ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hauptwellenleiterelement (41 A , 41 B ; 52) und die rechteckigen Wellenleiterstücke (42, 51 A bis 51 D ) auf der Symmetrieachse (45) zentriert sind.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet. daß es einen Satz von mindestens zwei rechteckigen Wellenleiterstücken (42, 51 A bis 51 D ) umfaßt, die an auseinanderliegenden Stellen des Hauptwellenleiterelements (41 A , 41 B ; 52) eingefügt sind.
- Verwendung einer Filterungsvorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, für mindestens eine der folgenden Anwendungen:- Filterung eines Frequenzbandes in einem kreisförmigen Wellenleiterelement im TE 11 -Modus;- Filterung einer horizontalen oder vertikalen Polarisierung in einem kreisförmigen Wellenleiterelement im TE 11 -Modus.
- Zweiband Duplexer, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mindestens eine Filtervorrichtung (16) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 umfaßt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9108137 | 1991-06-26 | ||
FR9108137A FR2678434B1 (fr) | 1991-06-26 | 1991-06-26 | Dispositif de filtrage d'ondes electromagnetiques circulant dans un guide d'ondes d'un premier type a symetrie de revolution, a troncons de guides d'ondes d'un second type inseres. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0520919A1 EP0520919A1 (de) | 1992-12-30 |
EP0520919B1 true EP0520919B1 (de) | 1996-06-12 |
Family
ID=9414510
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92460018A Expired - Lifetime EP0520919B1 (de) | 1991-06-26 | 1992-06-24 | Filtervorrichtung für elektromagnetische Wellen in einem Wellenleiter mit Rotationssymmetrie, und eingefugten rechteckigen Wellenleiterstücken |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5309128A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0520919B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH05235605A (de) |
DE (1) | DE69211428T2 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2678434B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2853143A1 (fr) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-01 | Thomson Licensing Sa | Filtre flottant hyperfrequence en structure guide d'onde |
CN115377638B (zh) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-03-14 | 湖南大学 | 一种高功率微波同轴tem-圆波导te11模式转换器 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB582856A (en) * | 1944-07-05 | 1946-11-29 | John Betteley Birks | Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic radiators or receivers |
US2719274A (en) * | 1951-07-09 | 1955-09-27 | Gen Precision Lab Inc | Microwave switches |
DE3326829A1 (de) * | 1983-07-26 | 1985-02-14 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung eines mehrkreisigen mikrowellen-bandpassfilters, insbesondere fuer den millimeterwellenbereich |
DE3439414A1 (de) * | 1984-10-27 | 1986-04-30 | kabelmetal electro GmbH, 3000 Hannover | Antennenerreger fuer mindestens zwei unterschiedliche frequenzbaender |
US4725795A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1988-02-16 | Hughes Aircraft Co. | Corrugated ridge waveguide phase shifting structure |
JPS6248101A (ja) * | 1985-08-27 | 1987-03-02 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 導波管フイルタ |
US4920351A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1990-04-24 | Computer Science Inovations, Inc. | Diplexer for orthogonally polarized transmit/receive signalling on common frequency |
DE3613474C2 (de) * | 1986-04-22 | 1995-02-23 | Deutsche Aerospace | Hohlleiter-Polarisationswandler |
US4780694A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1988-10-25 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Directional filter system |
CA1251835A (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1989-03-28 | Wai-Cheung Tang | Dielectric image-resonator multiplexer |
US4906951A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1990-03-06 | United States Department Of Energy | Birefringent corrugated waveguide |
US5184098A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1993-02-02 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Switchable dual mode directional filter system |
-
1991
- 1991-06-26 FR FR9108137A patent/FR2678434B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-06-24 EP EP92460018A patent/EP0520919B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-24 JP JP4188874A patent/JPH05235605A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-06-24 DE DE69211428T patent/DE69211428T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-25 US US07/904,348 patent/US5309128A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0520919A1 (de) | 1992-12-30 |
FR2678434A1 (fr) | 1992-12-31 |
DE69211428D1 (de) | 1996-07-18 |
DE69211428T2 (de) | 1997-02-13 |
US5309128A (en) | 1994-05-03 |
JPH05235605A (ja) | 1993-09-10 |
FR2678434B1 (fr) | 1994-02-04 |
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