Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0089—Pearlescent compositions; Opacifying agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters

Definitions

• the present invention relates to liquid detergent compositions, more especially to those which have a pearlescent appearance.
• ABS alkylbenzene sulphonates
• composition pearlescent There are several possible ways of making such a composition pearlescent.
• One way is to incorporate small mica crystals.
• the liquid is to remain pourable whilst being able to suspend solids, then it needs to have a suitable liquid crystalline phase. That in turn necessitates using relatively high concentrations of detergent active materials (surfactants) and usually also, relatively high concentrations of electrolytes.
• surfactants detergent active materials
• electrolytes relatively high concentrations of electrolytes
• the present invention provides a pearlescent liquid detergent composition
• a pearlescent liquid detergent composition comprising an organic pearlescer, at least 5% by weight of a primary alkyl sulphate anionic surfactant and less than 2.5% by weight of a pearlescer crystallisation enhancer which is an acid, salt or alcohol having a hydrophobic moiety with an average of at least 16 carbon atoms or a nonionic surfactant.
• the hydrophobic moiety in the crystallisation enhancer may for example be an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an alkylbenzene group. In the latter case, the atoms of the benzene ring are to be taken into account in the at least 16 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl groups or alkenyl group may optionally be alkoxylated with one or more alkoxy and/or propoxy groups.
• the acid group may be chosen from a wide class including the sulphates, sulphonates and carboxylates, preferably sulphonates and carboxylates.
• Another preferred class of pearlescer crystallisation enhancers comprises the soaps. These are usually salts of alkali metals with fatty acids of appropriate chain length. It is convenient to provide a soap by reaction in situ , ie by incorporating both an appropriate alkali metal hydroxide and a fatty acid into the composition. Suitable fatty acids include oleic acid, ricinoleic acid and fatty acids derived from castor oil, rapeseed oil, groundnut oil, palmkernel oil or mixtures thereof. The sodium or potassium soaps of these acids are preferred.
• pearlescer crystallisation enhancers of different types, for example an alkylbenzene sulphonate and a soap.
• the salts of the free acids are preferably the alkali metal, eg sodium or potassium, or alkaline earth metal salts. Such salts may be added in the salt form per se or formed in situ in the composition, eg by reaction with the appropriate metal hydroxide. It will be appreciated that many crystallisation enhancers are anionic or nonionic surfactants ( vide infra ).
• the hydrophobic moiety comprises on average at least about 18 carbon atoms.
• Some preferred crystallisation enhancers are sodium C11-C15) alkyl benzene sulphonates, stearic acid, sodium stearate, oleic acid and sodium oleate.
• a further group of pearlescent enhancers according to the invention are the nonionic surfactants.
• the amount of crystallisation enhancer must be less than 2.5% by weight of the total composition, preferably it is present at from 0.005% to 1.5% by weight, especially from 0.01% to 1%.
• any organic pearlescer may be used in compositions according to the present invention.
• Many examples will be known to persons skilled in the art but typical examples are ethylene glycol monostearate and ethylene glycol distearate. Normally, only relatively small amounts of pearlescer need to be incorporated to produce the desired pearlescent appearance, for example from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the total composition, more especially from 0.5% to 2.5%.
• the primary alkyl sulphate has an average at from 8 to 15 carbon atoms, most preferably from 12 to 13. Although the amount of the primary alkyl sulphate constitutes at least 5% by weight of the total composition, preferably it is present from 10% to 20% by weight.
• compositions formulated according to the requirements defined in respect of the present invention are generally suited as light duty liquids for washing delicate fabrics. Therefore it is very much preferred to formulate them as aqueous compositions, especially as isotropic aqueous compositions. To this end, a small amount of hydrotrope may be incorporated, for example a low molecular weight alcohol.
• compositions of the present invention may also comprise a thickener, for example a polymer such as a suitable acrylate, methacrylate (or co-polymer thereof) or a cellulose such as hydroxymethyl cellulose.
• a thickener for example a polymer such as a suitable acrylate, methacrylate (or co-polymer thereof) or a cellulose such as hydroxymethyl cellulose.
• Typical inclusion levels of thickener are from 0.1% to 10%, eg from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the total composition.
• the concentration of detergent actives is not too high.
• the amount of actives may be from 10% to 30% by weight of the total composition, most preferably from 15% to 25%.
• the amount of water will be relatively high, for example from 65% to 85%, most preferably from 70% to 80% by weight of the total compositions.
• soaps may be included for other purposes. They may be regarded as surfactants, fabric softeners or detergency builders since they demonstrate all of these properties to a degree. In this capacity, soaps will usually be incorporated in small amounts, for example from 0.5% to 2.5% by weight of the total composition. Soaps included for these purposes may also be soaps of shorter chain-length fatty acids such as that derived from coconut oil. They may be incorporated as soap per se or formed in situ .
• non-soap anionic surfactants as a class (including any chosen as crystallisation enhancers) are usually water-soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
• suitable synthetic anionic detergent compounds other than those already mentioned are sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulphates and sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid esters of higher (C8-C18) fatty alcohol-alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products; the reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralised with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts or fatty acid amides of methyl taurine; alkane monosulphonates such as those derived by reacting alphaolefin (C8-C20) with sodium bisulphite and those derived from reacting paraffins with SO2 and Cl2 and then hydrolysing with a base to produce a random sulphonate; and olefin sulphonates, which term is
• nonionic surfactant in the composition.
• crystallisation enhancer is nonionic in character
• additional nonionic surfactant for its detergency properties.
• the amount of nonionic surfactant included for detergency is preferably from 1% by weight to 15% by weight of the total composition, most preferably from 2.5% to 10%.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants which may be used include in particular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkyl phenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide.
• Specific nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenols - ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation products of aliphatic (C8-C18) primary or secondary, linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine.
• Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long-chain tertiary amine oxides, long-chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.
• organic detergency builders in the composition, for example the alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates, polyacetyl carboxylates and polyhydroxysulphonates.
• organic detergency builders include sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, melitic acid, benzene polycarboxylic acids and citric acid.
• lather boosters e.g. alkanolamides, particularly the monoethanolamides derived from palmkernel fatty acids and coconut fatty acids
• lather depressants oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as trichloroisocyanuric acid.
• oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate
• peracid bleach precursors such as trichloroisocyanuric acid.
• chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as trichloroisocyanuric acid.
• Inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate, and, usually present in very minor amounts, fluorescent agents, perfumes, enzymes such as proteases and amylases, germicides and colourants may also be included.
• a preferred process for preparing compositions according to the invention comprises admixing at least some of the ingredients except the pearlescer and heating the resultant composition, admixing the pearlescer in the molten state with the composition, followed by cooling. Any other ingredients not included in the first admixing stage can be incorporated at any convenient subsequent stage.
• compositions I-IV of the invention containing a crystallisation enhancer were all pearlescent, whereas composition A despite the pearlescer but without the invention was not pearlescent.

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Cited By (9)

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Citations (4)

• 1991
  • 1991-06-28 GB GB919114045A patent/GB9114045D0/en active Pending
• 1992
  • 1992-06-16 DE DE1992609381 patent/DE69209381T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-06-16 ES ES92201753T patent/ES2084920T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-06-16 EP EP19920201753 patent/EP0520551B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (4)

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