EP0519813B1 - Linking device for articulated vehicles particularly railway vehicles - Google Patents
Linking device for articulated vehicles particularly railway vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0519813B1 EP0519813B1 EP92401683A EP92401683A EP0519813B1 EP 0519813 B1 EP0519813 B1 EP 0519813B1 EP 92401683 A EP92401683 A EP 92401683A EP 92401683 A EP92401683 A EP 92401683A EP 0519813 B1 EP0519813 B1 EP 0519813B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicles
- articulation
- cars
- box
- linkage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/20—Communication passages between coaches; Adaptation of coach ends therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a connection device for articulated vehicles, especially rail vehicles, which can be used in particular for tram type vehicles.
- the traffic between the cars can be ensured by traffic boxes resting on a bogie.
- the cars are, at least partially, carried by the traffic boxes.
- a trailer is carried by two interconnection boxes and a motor rests on one side on a bogie which is specific to it and on the other on an interconnection box.
- the device according to the present invention allows a connection between an interchange box and the ends of the adjacent cars in the upper part, thanks to a deformable system.
- This system provides transverse support while allowing a hollow and bump movement, that is to say allowing a possible distance from the upper parts of the vehicles. It keeps an identical vertical opening or closing angle on either side of an intercirculation box, whatever the topography of the tracks (flat, hollow, speed bump, curve, etc.) , and eliminate roll between vehicles.
- the subject of the invention is therefore a connection device between articulated vehicles, in particular railway vehicles, ensuring the connection between an interconnection box resting on a bogie and the ends of adjacent cars carried by the interconnection box, the cars and the box interconnection being hooked together in the lower part, characterized in that, in the upper part, each end of the car is connected to the body by an articulation rod, the articulation rods being connected to each other by connecting elements , the assembly formed by the articulation connecting rods and the connecting elements constituting a parallelogram deformable.
- Each articulation connecting rod can be connected to the interconnection box and to a car by ball joint connection.
- the connecting elements may advantageously include, on one side a ball joint and on the other a bearing by bearing. They can be constituted by connecting rods or by cables.
- the interconnection box supports the cars in the lower part, for example by hooking devices of the ball type 4 and 5.
- Cars 2 and 3 have, in the upper part, articulation supports respectively referenced 6 and 7, located in the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the vehicles and projecting towards the interchange body 1.
- the interconnection body also has , in the upper part, the same type of articulation support, these supports referenced 8 and 9 projecting towards the cars.
- the articulation supports 8 and 9 are not located in the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the vehicles but are offset with respect to this axis, one being on one side of the axis and the other being on the other side.
- Each top articulation support of an intercirculation box is connected to the top articulation support of the adjacent box by an articulation rod.
- the connecting rod 10 connects the supports 6 and 8 and the connecting rod 11 connects the supports 7 and 9.
- the connections between the connecting rods and the supports are advantageously of the ball-and-socket type.
- the connecting rod 10 is extended on the side of the articulation support 8 to be connected to a first end of a connecting rod 13 disposed longitudinally relative to and above the intercirculation box.
- the second end of the connecting rod 13 is connected to the articulation connecting rod 11 at a point located between the supports 7 and 9.
- the connecting rod 11 is extended on the side of the articulation support 9 to be connected to a first end of a connecting rod 12 disposed longitudinally relative to and above the intercirculation box.
- the second end of the connecting rod 12 is connected to the articulation connecting rod 10 at a point located between the supports 6 and 8.
- the connecting rods 12 and 13 can be called intermediate rods.
- the intermediate rods 12 and 13 and the articulation rods 10 and 11 form a parallelogram situated in a plane parallel to the track.
- connection between the connecting rods 10 and 13 and between the connecting rods 11 and 12 are advantageously of the ball type.
- the connections between the connecting rods 10 and 12 and between the connecting rods 11 and 13 are advantageously of the bearing type.
- the ends of the intermediate rods 12 and 13 are mounted at equal distances from the corresponding articulation box articulation supports.
- Figure 2 is a top view of the connecting device according to the invention for vehicles traveling on level ground.
- the articulation connecting rods 10 and 11 are practically parallel to a direction transverse to the vehicles.
- the device according to the invention can be mechanically stressed at the level of the connecting rods 10 and 11 without movement of the assembly constituted by the connecting rods 10, 11, 12 and 13.
- FIG. 3 represents the case where the interconnection box 1 is at the top of a bump, the lead car 2 begins to descend the bump and the rear car 3 continues to climb it. The distance separating, in the upper part, the body 1 of each car is then greater than the same distance for vehicles traveling on flat ground (case of FIG. 2).
- FIG. 4 represents the case where the interconnection box 1 is at the bottom of a trough, the leading car 2 begins to rise from the trough and the rear car 3 keep going down. The distance between the body 1 of each car is then less than the same distance for vehicles traveling on flat ground.
- connection device for a given topography, there is one position and only one for the connection device according to the invention, which therefore excludes any galloping phenomenon of the intercirculation box.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un dispositif de liaison pour véhicules articulés, notamment ferroviaires utilisable en particulier pour des véhicules de type tramway.The invention relates to a connection device for articulated vehicles, especially rail vehicles, which can be used in particular for tram type vehicles.
Dans des véhicules ferroviaires du type tramway, l'intercirculation entre les voitures peut être assurée par des caisses d'intercirculation reposant sur un bogie. Dans ce cas, les voitures sont, au moins partiellement, portées par les caisses d'intercirculation. Ainsi, une remorque est portée par deux caisses d'intercirculation et une motrice repose d'un côté sur un bogie qui lui est propre et de l'autre sur une caisse d'intercirculation.In rail vehicles of the tramway type, the traffic between the cars can be ensured by traffic boxes resting on a bogie. In this case, the cars are, at least partially, carried by the traffic boxes. Thus, a trailer is carried by two interconnection boxes and a motor rests on one side on a bogie which is specific to it and on the other on an interconnection box.
Avec une telle disposition, il peut se produire des phénomènes indésirables constitués par le galop et la difficulté du maintien transversal en partie haute des voitures par rapport aux caisses d'intercirculation. Par exemple, si l'une des voitures supportées par une caisse d'intercirculation est plus chargée qu'une autre, il y a un risque de mouvement entretenu de galop lors du roulage pour la caisse d' intercirculation.With such an arrangement, it can occur undesirable phenomena constituted by the gallop and the difficulty of the transverse maintenance in the upper part of the cars relative to the traffic boxes. For example, if one of the cars supported by an intercity box is more loaded than another, there is a risk of sustained galloping movement when driving for the intercity box.
Une solution pour résoudre le problème du maintien transversal consisterait à utiliser des sellettes, type remorque de camion, pour assurer un maintien suffisant en partie basse. Cependant, ce système génère des contraintes importantes et ne résout pas le problème posé de manière satisfaisante.One solution to solve the problem of transverse support would be to use harnesses, such as a truck trailer, to ensure sufficient support in the lower part. However, this system generates significant constraints and does not solve the problem posed in a satisfactory manner.
Afin de pallier ces inconvénients, le dispositif selon la présente invention permet une liaison entre une caisse d'intercirculation et les extrémités des voitures adjacentes en partie haute, grâce à un système déformable. Ce système assure le maintien transversal tout en permettant un mouvement de creux et de bosse, c'est-à-dire permettant un éloignement possible des parties supérieures des véhicules. Il permet de conserver un angle vertical d'ouverture ou de fermeture identique de part et d'autre d'une caisse d'intercirculation, quelle que soit la topographie des voies (plat, creux, dos d'âne, courbe, etc.), et d'éliminer le roulis entre véhicules.In order to overcome these drawbacks, the device according to the present invention allows a connection between an interchange box and the ends of the adjacent cars in the upper part, thanks to a deformable system. This system provides transverse support while allowing a hollow and bump movement, that is to say allowing a possible distance from the upper parts of the vehicles. It keeps an identical vertical opening or closing angle on either side of an intercirculation box, whatever the topography of the tracks (flat, hollow, speed bump, curve, etc.) , and eliminate roll between vehicles.
L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif de liaison entre véhicules articulés, notamment ferroviaires, assurant la liaison entre une caisse d'intercirculation reposant sur un bogie et les extrémités de voitures adjacentes portées par la caisse d'intercirculation, les voitures et la caisse d'intercirculation étant accrochées entre elles en partie basse, caractérisé en ce que, en partie haute, chaque extrémité de voiture est reliée à la caisse par une bielle d'articulation, les bielles d'articulation étant reliées entre elles par des éléments de liaison, l'ensemble formé par les bielles d'articulation et les éléments de liaison constituant un parallélogramme déformable.The subject of the invention is therefore a connection device between articulated vehicles, in particular railway vehicles, ensuring the connection between an interconnection box resting on a bogie and the ends of adjacent cars carried by the interconnection box, the cars and the box interconnection being hooked together in the lower part, characterized in that, in the upper part, each end of the car is connected to the body by an articulation rod, the articulation rods being connected to each other by connecting elements , the assembly formed by the articulation connecting rods and the connecting elements constituting a parallelogram deformable.
Chaque bielle d'articulation peut être reliée à la caisse d'intercirculation et à une voiture par liaison à rotule.Each articulation connecting rod can be connected to the interconnection box and to a car by ball joint connection.
Les éléments de liaison peuvent avantageusement comporter, d'un côté une liaison à rotule et de l'autre une liaison par palier. Ils peuvent être constitués par des bielles ou par des câbles.The connecting elements may advantageously include, on one side a ball joint and on the other a bearing by bearing. They can be constituted by connecting rods or by cables.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres caractéristiques et particularités apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, accompagnée des dessins annexés parmi lesquels :
- La figure 1 est une vue schématique et en perspective du dispositif de liaison pour véhicules ferroviaires selon l'invention,
- La figure 2 est une vue de dessus de véhicules ferroviaires utilisant le dispositif selon l'invention et roulant sur un terrain plat,
- La figure 3 est une vue de dessus de véhicules ferroviaires utilisant le dispositif selon l'invention et roulant sur une bosse,
- La figure 4 est une vue de dessus de véhicules ferroviaires utilisant le dispositif selon l'invention et roulant dans un creux.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the connection device for railway vehicles according to the invention,
- FIG. 2 is a top view of railway vehicles using the device according to the invention and traveling on flat ground,
- FIG. 3 is a top view of railway vehicles using the device according to the invention and traveling on a bump,
- Figure 4 is a top view of railway vehicles using the device according to the invention and traveling in a hollow.
Sur la figure 1, on peut voir une caisse d'intercirculation 1 comprise entre deux voitures 2 et 3. La caisse d'intercirculation supporte les voitures en partie basse, par exemple par des dispositifs d'accrochage du type à rotule 4 et 5. Les voitures 2 et 3 possèdent, en partie haute, des supports d'articulation respectivement référencés 6 et 7, situés dans l'axe de symétrie longitudinal des véhicules et faisant saillie vers la caisse d' intercirculation 1. La caisse d'intercirculation possède également, en partie haute, le même type de support d'articulation, ces supports référencés 8 et 9 faisant saillie vers les voitures. Les supports d'articulation 8 et 9 ne sont pas situés dans l'axe de symétrie longitudinal des véhicules mais sont décalés par rapport à cet axe, l'un étant d'un côté de l'axe et l'autre étant de l'autre côté.In FIG. 1, we can see an interconnection box 1 between two cars 2 and 3. The interconnection box supports the cars in the lower part, for example by hooking devices of the
Chaque support d'articulation haut d'une caisse d'intercirculation est relié au support d'articulation haut de la caisse adjacente par une bielle d'articulation. Ainsi, la bielle 10 relie les supports 6 et 8 et la bielle 11 relie les supports 7 et 9. Les liaisons entre les bielles et les supports sont avantageusement du type à rotule.Each top articulation support of an intercirculation box is connected to the top articulation support of the adjacent box by an articulation rod. Thus, the connecting
La bielle 10 se prolonge du côté du support d'articulation 8 pour être reliée à une première extrémité d'une bielle 13 disposée longitudinalement par rapport à la caisse d'intercirculation et au-dessus de celle-ci. La seconde extrémité de la bielle 13 est reliée à la bielle d'articulation 11 en un point situé entre les supports 7 et 9.The connecting
La bielle 11 se prolonge du côté du support d'articulation 9 pour être reliée à une première extrémité d'une bielle 12 disposée longitudinalement par rapport à la caisse d'intercirculation et au-dessus de celle-ci. La seconde extrémité de la bielle 12 est reliée à la bielle d'articulation 10 en un point situé entre les supports 6 et 8.The connecting
Les bielles 12 et 13 peuvent être appelées bielles d'intercaisse. Les bielles d'intercaisse 12 et 13 et les bielles d'articulation 10 et 11 forment un parallélogramme situé dans un plan parallèle à la voie.The connecting
Les liaisons entre les bielles 10 et 13 et entre les bielles 11 et 12 sont avantageusement du type à rotule. Les liaisons entre les bielles 10 et 12 et entre les bielles 11 et 13 sont avantageusement du type à palier.The connections between the connecting
Il est particulièrement avantageux que les extrémités des bielles d'intercaisse 12 et 13 soient montées à des distances égales des supports d'articulation de caisse d'articulation correspondants.It is particularly advantageous that the ends of the
La figure 2 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de liaison selon l'invention pour des véhicules roulant sur un terrain plat. Dans ce cas, les bielles d'articulation 10 et 11 sont pratiquement parallèles à une direction transversale aux véhicules. Sur un terrain plan (c'est-à-dire lorsque l'ensemble des véhicules s'inscrit dans un même plan) ou sur une voie ferrée simplement sinueuse, le dispositif selon l'invention peut être sollicité mécaniquement au niveau des bielles 10 et 11 sans mouvement de l'ensemble constitué par les bielles 10, 11, 12 et 13.Figure 2 is a top view of the connecting device according to the invention for vehicles traveling on level ground. In this case, the
Lorsque la voiture de tête 2 aborde une bosse ou un dos d'âne, le haut de l'extrémité arrière de cette voiture bascule vers la caisse d'intercirculation 1 en poussant la bielle d'articulation 10. La rotation de la bielle d'articulation 10 déplace proportionnellement les deux bielles d'intercaisse 12 et 13 qui répercutent d'autant le mouvement sur la bielle d'articulation 11. Celle-ci pivote et le haut de la caisse d'intercirculation se rapproche du haut de la voiture 3. Chacune des voitures 2 et 3 a donc le même écart avec la caisse d'intercirculation 1.When the lead car 2 approaches a bump or a speed bump, the top of the rear end of this car switches to the traffic box 1 by pushing the
La figure 3 représente le cas où la caisse d'intercirculation 1 est au sommet d'une bosse, la voiture de tête 2 commence à descendre la bosse et la voiture arrière 3 continue de la gravir. La distance séparant, en partie haute, la caisse 1 de chaque voiture est alors supérieure à la même distance pour des véhicules roulant sur terrain plat (cas de la figure 2).FIG. 3 represents the case where the interconnection box 1 is at the top of a bump, the lead car 2 begins to descend the bump and the rear car 3 continues to climb it. The distance separating, in the upper part, the body 1 of each car is then greater than the same distance for vehicles traveling on flat ground (case of FIG. 2).
Dans le cas de voies en creux, il se passe le phénomène inverse.In the case of recessed tracks, the opposite phenomenon occurs.
La figure 4 représente le cas où la caisse d'intercirculation 1 est au fond d'un creux, la voiture de tête 2 commence à remonter du creux et la voiture arrière 3 continue de le descendre. La distance séparant la caisse 1 de chaque voiture est alors inférieur à la même distance pour des véhicules roulant sur terrain plat.FIG. 4 represents the case where the interconnection box 1 is at the bottom of a trough, the leading car 2 begins to rise from the trough and the rear car 3 keep going down. The distance between the body 1 of each car is then less than the same distance for vehicles traveling on flat ground.
En conclusion, pour une topographie donnée, il existe une position et une seule pour le dispositif de liaison selon l'invention, ce qui exclut donc tout phénomène de galop de la caisse d'intercirculation.In conclusion, for a given topography, there is one position and only one for the connection device according to the invention, which therefore excludes any galloping phenomenon of the intercirculation box.
Claims (5)
- A linkage between articulated vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, the linkage providing connection between an intercommunication tunnel supported by a bogie and the ends of adjacent cars supported by the intercommunication tunnel, the cars and the intercommunication tunnel being coupled together near the bottoms thereof, the linkage being characterized in that the end of each car (2, 3) is connected to the tunnel (1) near the top thereof by means of a connection rod (10, 11), with the connection rods being interconnected by link elements, the assembly constituted by the connection rods and the link elements constituting a deformable parallelogram.
- A linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that each link rod is connected to the intercommunication tunnel and to one of the cars by means of ball joints.
- A linkage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the said link elements have a ball joint at one end and a bearing at the other.
- A linkage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the link elements are also rods (12, 13).
- A linkage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the link elements are cables.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9107603 | 1991-06-20 | ||
| FR9107603A FR2677942B1 (en) | 1991-06-20 | 1991-06-20 | CONNECTION DEVICE FOR ARTICULATED VEHICLES, ESPECIALLY RAILWAYS. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0519813A1 EP0519813A1 (en) | 1992-12-23 |
| EP0519813B1 true EP0519813B1 (en) | 1994-12-07 |
Family
ID=9414092
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92401683A Expired - Lifetime EP0519813B1 (en) | 1991-06-20 | 1992-06-17 | Linking device for articulated vehicles particularly railway vehicles |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5197392A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0519813B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE115076T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2071686C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69200813T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0519813T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2067309T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2677942B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2705620B1 (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1995-07-07 | Lohr Ind | Vehicle made up of a series of modules linked together by an articulated composite link. |
| NL1000660C2 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1996-12-31 | Oce Nederland Bv | Coupling device for coupling a mobile unit to a base unit. |
| FR2751603B1 (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-10-09 | Lohr Ind | COMPOSITE JOINT BETWEEN TWO SUCCESSIVE CARS OF A PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLE SEPARATED BY AN INTERMEDIATE MODULE CARRIED BY AN AXLE |
| DE19819927C2 (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 2003-04-17 | Siemens Ag | Device for the articulated connection of adjacent car bodies of a rail vehicle, in particular for local traffic |
| JP3503810B2 (en) * | 1998-05-27 | 2004-03-08 | 近畿車輌株式会社 | Link mechanism for running stabilization at vehicle connection |
| ES2219946T3 (en) * | 1998-09-02 | 2004-12-01 | Hubner Gmbh | UNION BETWEEN TWO PARTS OF AN ARTICULATED VEHICLE. |
| US6510800B1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2003-01-28 | Gunderson, Inc. | Multi-unit railroad freight car for carrying cargo containers between container well units |
| US6546878B1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-15 | Gunderson, Inc. | Multi-unit railroad freight car for carrying cargo containers |
| DE10343536A1 (en) | 2003-09-19 | 2005-05-04 | Siemens Ag | Large-scale vehicle for passenger transport, in particular rail vehicle, with articulated car bodies |
| DE102004014903A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2005-10-13 | Siemens Ag | Vehicle, in particular lane-guided vehicle, with articulated vehicle bodies |
| DE102005041162A1 (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-02-22 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Vehicle with roll stops |
| DE102005041163A1 (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-02-22 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Vehicle with roll stops |
| US7607396B2 (en) | 2007-11-14 | 2009-10-27 | Gunderson Llc | Container car side sills |
| US7757610B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 | 2010-07-20 | Gunderson Llc | Shortened container well |
| DE102008063768A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-07-01 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Vehicle with roll stops |
| DE202009013611U1 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-02-24 | Hübner GmbH | At least two vehicle parts comprehensive vehicle |
| US8291592B2 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2012-10-23 | Gunderson Llc | Method of lengthening a container well of a railcar |
| US8177461B2 (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2012-05-15 | Gunderson Llc | Transport and storage of wheelsets |
| CN105523057B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-12-29 | 中车四方车辆有限公司 | Compartment linkwork and tramcar |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH359733A (en) * | 1957-12-06 | 1962-01-31 | Schweiz Wagons Aufzuegefab | Articulated rail train |
| NL254316A (en) * | 1959-07-30 | |||
| NL281402A (en) * | 1961-08-16 | |||
| CA1177330A (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1984-11-06 | Dennis P. Chadwick | Centering mechanism for articulated vehicle |
| CA1165180A (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1984-04-10 | Urban Transportation Development Corporation Ltd. | Torque transmitting linkage for articulated vehicle |
| GB2139583B (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1985-08-07 | Urban Transportation Dev | Articulated vehicles |
| DE3717003A1 (en) * | 1987-05-21 | 1988-12-08 | Duewag Ag | RAIL VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR TOWN CARS |
-
1991
- 1991-06-20 FR FR9107603A patent/FR2677942B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-06-17 DE DE69200813T patent/DE69200813T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-17 DK DK92401683.5T patent/DK0519813T3/en active
- 1992-06-17 EP EP92401683A patent/EP0519813B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-17 AT AT92401683T patent/ATE115076T1/en active
- 1992-06-17 ES ES92401683T patent/ES2067309T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-19 CA CA002071686A patent/CA2071686C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-19 US US07/901,019 patent/US5197392A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2677942B1 (en) | 1993-09-03 |
| US5197392A (en) | 1993-03-30 |
| DK0519813T3 (en) | 1995-05-01 |
| CA2071686A1 (en) | 1992-12-21 |
| EP0519813A1 (en) | 1992-12-23 |
| ATE115076T1 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
| CA2071686C (en) | 1998-12-01 |
| DE69200813T2 (en) | 1995-04-13 |
| ES2067309T3 (en) | 1995-03-16 |
| FR2677942A1 (en) | 1992-12-24 |
| DE69200813D1 (en) | 1995-01-19 |
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