EP0519780A1 - Ventilation grid and aerating element using such a grid - Google Patents

Ventilation grid and aerating element using such a grid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0519780A1
EP0519780A1 EP92401561A EP92401561A EP0519780A1 EP 0519780 A1 EP0519780 A1 EP 0519780A1 EP 92401561 A EP92401561 A EP 92401561A EP 92401561 A EP92401561 A EP 92401561A EP 0519780 A1 EP0519780 A1 EP 0519780A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
ventilation
water
sheet
openings
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92401561A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0519780B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Blosseville
Claude Dubrac
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Umicore NV SA
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Union Miniere NV SA
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Publication of EP0519780A1 publication Critical patent/EP0519780A1/en
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Publication of EP0519780B1 publication Critical patent/EP0519780B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • E04D13/178—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for on the eaves of the roof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ventilation grille intended to be interposed between an interior space and an exterior atmosphere capable of being subjected to projections of water or snow from bad weather, and comprising a plate or sheet in which are formed openings of generally elongated rectangular shape, separated by elongated solid intervals of the plate or sheet, each rectangular opening being covered towards the outside by a rectangular trigger guard placed at a distance d from the surface of the plate which is clearly less than the width of the openings rectangular.
  • the invention also relates to ventilation elements comprising such ventilation grilles.
  • Certain ventilation grilles in particular those which are placed in places subject to bad weather, for example those which are envisaged on the roofs of buildings, must allow the passage to air flows in natural circulation not pulsed on relatively important sections without allowing water to enter the interior of buildings during heavy rain.
  • These conditions for stopping bad weather are often more restrictive with regard to powdery snow than with respect to rain. Indeed, the heavy rains do not last and it is possible to drain the water that has passed through the grid during a heavy rain, while the snow can pass for several days in a row in powder form on a roof and come accumulate, after passing through the ventilation grille, in a limited area inside the building and melt in this accumulation area, degrading the installations placed below.
  • the present invention provides a ventilation grid which, while leaving free a significant passage of air, repels water projections such as those of heavy rain, and opposes the crossing of sticky or powdery snow.
  • said distance d from the surface of the plate is between 1 and 5 mm, preferably between 1 and 3 mm, to delimit a pair of lateral ventilation openings capable of opposing crossing even powdery snow
  • the trigger guard is connected in all directions to the plate at each of its ends, in a progressive manner, by a connection part of general shape inclined relative to the plate to better bounce the projections of water and snow and the longitudinal axis of each of the bridges is oriented to come into service substantially in the direction of flow by gravity of the water on the plate, all of the bridges being arranged so as to form , with said full elongated intervals, a substantially continuous front closure capable of bouncing and flowing towards the discharge the projections of water and / or snow directed onto the plate or sheet.
  • the elongated rectangular openings are arranged parallel to one another and delimit between them elongated solid rectangular intervals, or else the rectangular openings are arranged on the plate or sheet in a network of parallel lines and columns between they and each have a length of between 20 and 100 mm and a width of between 10 and 20 mm, suitable for limiting the crossing of water and snow projections.
  • the generally rectangular openings are formed by pushing out the rectangular trigger guard outward bounded by two parallel slots forming the parallel long side faces of the trigger guard, while the two ends of the trigger guard thus formed remain integral with the sheet.
  • the inclined connection part at each end of the trigger guard is rounded, in the direction of the width of the trigger guard, in the shape of a bow gradually coming to project above the plate or sheet.
  • the elongated full intervals between the openings have a hollow groove longitudinally capable of limiting the discharge into the rectangular openings, of the water which flows over these solid intervals.
  • the bridges each have, in their part located at the distance d from the plate or sheet, at least one projecting longitudinal molding or rib capable, on the one hand, of facilitating the lateral rebound of the drops of water which strike the trigger guard and, on the other hand, to stiffen the central part of said trigger guard.
  • the longitudinal molding is preferably formed by pushing out the sheet metal constituting the trigger guard.
  • the ventilation elements for building cover comprising an opening for communication between the interior of the building and the outside atmosphere are characterized in that the opening is closed with respect to water and snow projections from bad weather by a ventilation grille of the type described and the bridges of which are oriented longitudinally in the direction of flow of the water.
  • the grid is preferably arranged projecting from an upper sheet fixed to a base plate placed on a roof and the upper sheet carrying the grid is folded at one of its ends, a short distance from the base plate, to spare a passage for ventilation and evacuation of water by gravity.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 there is shown a longitudinal sheet metal ventilation element 1 provided with a row of lateral ventilation openings 2 arranged in pairs 2a, 2b on either side of a trigger guard 4. These openings in fact leave a cutout 3 of generally rectangular shape formed through the sheet 1 and which is covered frontally by the trigger guard 4 of generally rectangular shape.
  • the trigger guard 4 which has a generally planar surface is placed at a distance d from the general surface 1a of the sheet which is clearly less than the width l of the openings. This distance d is between 1 and 5 mm, the smallest dimensions making it possible to retain powdery snow well.
  • the trigger guard 4 is progressively connected to the plate 1 at each of its ends by a connecting part 4a, 4b, inclined relative to the plate and which is rounded in the width direction of the bow-shaped trigger guard 5 , 6 in the zone of connection with the sheet 1.
  • the connection parts 4a, 4b thus start from the end of the cutout 3 with a central crown on the bow part 5, 6 and each continue by projecting from the surface 1a of the sheet 1 by the connection portion to the trigger guard 4 which is progressively less curved in the center, without however completely losing its curved shape which causes the rebound favorable to the evacuation, projections of the water droplets and of the grains powder snow.
  • the bridges 4 and the full rectangular gaps 7 between the openings 3 and the sheet 1 are oriented longitudinally in the direction of flow of the water over the plate 1.
  • the plate 1 is arranged vertically and the bridges 4 are oriented vertically with their longitudinal axis 4e placed lengthwise, as shown in FIG. 2, where the ventilation plate 1 proper in sheet metal is extended in the mass of the sheet metal by a hooking part 8.
  • the bridges 4 are each provided in their part located at the distance d from the surface 1a of the sheet 1, with a longitudinal rib 9 provided at each end with a part tapered in the shape of a bow 10 and 11 to better repel water and powdery snow.
  • the ribs or moldings 9 also serve to make the bridge 4 more rigid and are generally formed directly by pushing back the plate of the trigger guard, or else when the ventilation grid is molded in a single piece of plastic, during the molding of the trigger guard 4.
  • the openings rectangular 3 of the sheet 1, each covered with a trigger guard 4 providing pairs of lateral ventilation passages 2a, 2b, are arranged parallel to each other by providing between them identical rectangular intervals 7 planes and regularly distributed to constitute, for example, a roof ventilation line, as shown in section in Figure 2.
  • a roof ventilation element sometimes also called "cat door", although it no longer allows the passage of cats, consists of an upper sheet 12, preferably of resistant metal corrosion such as zinc and whose edge edges 13 are turned over on three sides to stop the water and channel it into service towards the drain on a front side 13 ′ arranged in service at the bottom.
  • a projecting grid part 14 is formed by pushing back on the upper sheet 12 and has, at its lower part in use, a folded tongue 15 which does not close completely in alignment with the edge on the side 13 ′, in thus leaving a thin passage 16 for the leaks collected by a lower tank 17.
  • a lower sheet or base plate 18, also preferably made of zinc, is formed by folding or stamping with the tray 17 provided with a rear edge 17a.
  • the lower sheet 18 is normally integrated in a roof, for example in the middle of the slates of the roof, where it is applied to the battens of the roof, and it is rigidly connected by any suitable means such as rivets to the sheet upper 12.
  • its planar lateral edges 18a, 18c, arranged in a U with the front edge 18b are applied on the lateral planar edges 13a, 13c of the upper sheet 12 having substantially the same shapes and dimensions in plan.
  • the folded tab 15 is placed just in front of the front edge 17b of the tray 17, leaving the passage 16 open and the pairs of planar edges 13a, 18a and 13c, 18c are made integral by any suitable means such as welding, stapling, etc.
  • the rear plane edge 13b of the upper sheet closes the tray 17 upwards.
  • the ventilation element shown in exploded view in Figure 3 being thus assembled, is mounted inclined in the direction of the slope of a roof panel, so that the water which has accidentally passed through the ventilation grid according to l invention, formed on the projection 14, is collected by the tray 17 and then evacuated by gravity on the front edge 17b of the tray 17, through the passage slot 16 and from there on the flat edge 18b and the elements of blanket, such as slates.
  • the ventilation grille according to the invention which is formed on the projecting part 14 consists of rectangular openings (see the openings 3 in FIG. 2) formed by pushing out the rectangular trigger guard 4 delimited between two parallel slots forming the long parallel side faces 4c and 4d of the trigger guard.
  • the two ends of the trigger guard formed by pushing remain integral with the sheet 14 by taking a shape of rounded bow which strengthens the attachment of the trigger guard while channeling the water and the snow on hollow grooves 7a (only one groove is shown ) full intervals 7 between the openings 3.
  • the ventilation openings which lead to pairs of lateral passages and which are each covered by a trigger guard 4 are arranged on the projecting part 14 of the upper sheet 1 according to a network.
  • the network is made up according to FIG. 3 of three parallel lines of eight openings or else of eight columns of three openings.
  • the openings 3 generally have a length between 20 and 100 mm and a width between 10 and 20 mm.
  • the component parts of the ventilation elements such as that shown in Figure 3, can be made of metal sheet (zinc, aluminum, leaded or unleaded stainless steel, copper, etc.) but also in plastic molding and other material resistant to corrosion, solar radiation and to extreme temperature variations in an environment liable to be exposed to the sun (-30, -40 to + 150 ° C).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

The ventilation grid is intended to be inserted between an internal space and a space which is likely to be subjected to weather effects and comprises a plate or a metal sheet (1) in which there are openings (3) having the general shape of an elongate rectangle and separated by solid elongate lengths (7) of the plate or metal sheet (1). Each rectangular opening (3) is covered on the outside by a rectangular bridging piece (4) placed at a distance d from the surface of the plate, which distance is much less than the width of the rectangular openings and the bridging piece (4) is connected in a progressive manner in all directions to the plate (1) by a connection part of generally inclined shape (4a, 4b). Application to ventilation elements protected so as to prevent powder snow from coming in. <IMAGE>

Description

La présence invention concerne une grille de ventilation destinée à être interposée entre un espace intérieur et une ambiance extérieure susceptible d'être soumise à des projections d'eau ou de neige des intempéries, et comprenant une plaque ou tôle dans laquelle sont ménagées des ouvertures de forme générale rectangulaire allongée, séparées par des intervalles allongés pleins de la plaque ou tôle, chaque ouverture rectangulaire étant recouverte vers l'extérieur par un pontet rectangulaire placé à une distance d de la surface de la plaque qui est nettement inférieure à la largeur des ouvertures rectangulaires. L'invention concerne également des éléments d'aération comportant de telles grilles de ventilation.The present invention relates to a ventilation grille intended to be interposed between an interior space and an exterior atmosphere capable of being subjected to projections of water or snow from bad weather, and comprising a plate or sheet in which are formed openings of generally elongated rectangular shape, separated by elongated solid intervals of the plate or sheet, each rectangular opening being covered towards the outside by a rectangular trigger guard placed at a distance d from the surface of the plate which is clearly less than the width of the openings rectangular. The invention also relates to ventilation elements comprising such ventilation grilles.

Certaines grilles de ventilation, en particulier celles qui sont placées en des lieux soumis aux intempéries, par exemple celles qui sont prévues sur les toits des immeubles, doivent laisser le passage à des flux d'air en circulation naturelle non pulsée sur des sections relativement importantes sans laisser pénétrer de l'eau à l'intérieur des immeubles au cours des pluies violentes. Ces conditions d'arrêt des intempéries sont souvent plus contraignantes à l'égard de la neige poudreuse qu'à l'égard de la pluie. En effet, les pluies violentes ne durent pas et il est possible d'évacuer à l'égout l'eau qui a traversé la grille pendant une pluie violente, alors que la neige peut passer pendant plusieurs jours de suite sous forme poudreuse sur un toit et venir s'accumuler, après avoir traversé la grille de ventilation, dans une zone limitée à l'intérieur du bâtiment et fondre dans cette zone d'accumulation en dégradant les installations placées en-dessous.Certain ventilation grilles, in particular those which are placed in places subject to bad weather, for example those which are envisaged on the roofs of buildings, must allow the passage to air flows in natural circulation not pulsed on relatively important sections without allowing water to enter the interior of buildings during heavy rain. These conditions for stopping bad weather are often more restrictive with regard to powdery snow than with respect to rain. Indeed, the heavy rains do not last and it is possible to drain the water that has passed through the grid during a heavy rain, while the snow can pass for several days in a row in powder form on a roof and come accumulate, after passing through the ventilation grille, in a limited area inside the building and melt in this accumulation area, degrading the installations placed below.

La présente invention propose une grille de ventilation qui, tout en laissant libre un passage d'air important, repousse les projections d'eau telles que celles d'une pluie violente, et s'oppose à la traversée de la neige collante ou poudreuse.The present invention provides a ventilation grid which, while leaving free a significant passage of air, repels water projections such as those of heavy rain, and opposes the crossing of sticky or powdery snow.

A cet effet, selon l'invention, ladite distance d de la surface de la plaque est comprise entre 1 et 5 mm, de préférence entre 1 et 3 mm, pour délimiter une paire d'ouvertures latérales de ventilation aptes à s'opposer à la traversée de la neige même poudreuse, le pontet est raccordé dans toutes les directions à la plaque à chacune de ses extrémités, de façon progressive, par une partie de raccordement de forme générale inclinée par rapport à la plaque pour mieux faire rebondir les projections d'eau et de neige et l'axe longitudinal de chacun des pontets est orienté pour venir se placer en service sensiblement dans le sens d'écoulement par gravité de l'eau sur la plaque, l'ensemble des pontets étant agencé de manière à former, avec lesdits intervalles allongés pleins, une obturation frontale sensiblement continue apte à faire rebondir et s'écouler vers l'évacuation les projections d'eau et/ou de neige dirigées sur la plaque ou tôle.To this end, according to the invention, said distance d from the surface of the plate is between 1 and 5 mm, preferably between 1 and 3 mm, to delimit a pair of lateral ventilation openings capable of opposing crossing even powdery snow, the trigger guard is connected in all directions to the plate at each of its ends, in a progressive manner, by a connection part of general shape inclined relative to the plate to better bounce the projections of water and snow and the longitudinal axis of each of the bridges is oriented to come into service substantially in the direction of flow by gravity of the water on the plate, all of the bridges being arranged so as to form , with said full elongated intervals, a substantially continuous front closure capable of bouncing and flowing towards the discharge the projections of water and / or snow directed onto the plate or sheet.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les ouvertures rectangulaires allongées sont disposées parallèlement les unes aux autres et délimitent entre elles des intervalles allongés pleins rectangulaires, ou bien les ouvertures rectangulaires sont disposées sur la plaque ou tôle selon un réseau de lignes et de colonnes parallèles entre elles et présentent chacune une longueur comprise entre 20 et 100 mm et une largeur comprise entre 10 et 20 mm, propres à limiter la traversée des projections d'eau et de neige.According to another embodiment, the elongated rectangular openings are arranged parallel to one another and delimit between them elongated solid rectangular intervals, or else the rectangular openings are arranged on the plate or sheet in a network of parallel lines and columns between they and each have a length of between 20 and 100 mm and a width of between 10 and 20 mm, suitable for limiting the crossing of water and snow projections.

Lorsque la grille de ventilation est ménagée dans une tôle métallique, les ouvertures de forme générale rectangulaire sont formées par repoussage vers l'extérieur du pontet rectangulaire délimité par deux fentes parallèles formant les faces latérales parallèles longues du pontet, tandis que les deux extrémités du pontet ainsi formé restent solidaires de la tôle. La partie de raccordement inclinée à chaque extrémité du pontet est arrondie, dans le sens de la largeur du pontet, en forme d'étraver venant progressivement faire saillie au-dessus de la plaque ou tôle. Les intervalles allongés pleins entre les ouvertures présentent longitudinalement un sillon en creux apte à limiter le déversement dans les ouvertures rectangulaires, de l'eau qui s'écoule sur ces intervalles pleins.When the ventilation grille is formed in a metal sheet, the generally rectangular openings are formed by pushing out the rectangular trigger guard outward bounded by two parallel slots forming the parallel long side faces of the trigger guard, while the two ends of the trigger guard thus formed remain integral with the sheet. The inclined connection part at each end of the trigger guard is rounded, in the direction of the width of the trigger guard, in the shape of a bow gradually coming to project above the plate or sheet. The elongated full intervals between the openings have a hollow groove longitudinally capable of limiting the discharge into the rectangular openings, of the water which flows over these solid intervals.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation, les pontets présentent chacun, dans leur partie située à la distance d de la plaque ou tôle, au moins une moulure ou nervure longitudinale en saillie apte, d'une part, à faciliter le rebond latéral des gouttes d'eau qui frappent le pontet et, d'autre part, à rigidifier la partie centrale dudit pontet. La moulure longitudinale est formée de préférence par repoussage vers l'extérieur de la tôle constituant le pontet.According to yet another embodiment, the bridges each have, in their part located at the distance d from the plate or sheet, at least one projecting longitudinal molding or rib capable, on the one hand, of facilitating the lateral rebound of the drops of water which strike the trigger guard and, on the other hand, to stiffen the central part of said trigger guard. The longitudinal molding is preferably formed by pushing out the sheet metal constituting the trigger guard.

Les éléments d'aération pour couverture de bâtiment comportant une ouverture de communication entre l'intérieur du bâtiment et l'ambiance extérieure sont caractérisés en ce que l'ouverture est obturée à l'égard des projections d'eau et de neige des intempéries par une grille de ventilation du type décrit et dont les pontets sont orientés longitudinalement dans le sens d'écoulement de l'eau. La grille est disposée de préférence en saillie sur une tôle supérieure fixée sur une plaque de socle posée sur une toiture et la tôle supérieure portant la grille est rabattue à l'une de ses extrémités, à faible distance de la plaque de socle, pour ménager un passage de ventilation et d'évacuation d'eau par gravité.The ventilation elements for building cover comprising an opening for communication between the interior of the building and the outside atmosphere are characterized in that the opening is closed with respect to water and snow projections from bad weather by a ventilation grille of the type described and the bridges of which are oriented longitudinally in the direction of flow of the water. The grid is preferably arranged projecting from an upper sheet fixed to a base plate placed on a roof and the upper sheet carrying the grid is folded at one of its ends, a short distance from the base plate, to spare a passage for ventilation and evacuation of water by gravity.

D'autres buts, avantages et caractéristiques apparaîtront à la lecture de la description de divers modes de réalisation de l'invention, faite à titre non limitatif et en regard du dessin annexé dans lequel:

  • la figure 1 reprĂ©sente en perspective de face un Ă©lĂ©ment de grille de ventilation en position de service verticale;
  • la figure 2 reprĂ©sente l'Ă©lĂ©ment de grille de la figure 1 en coupe selon le plan II-II de la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 reprĂ©sente en perspective Ă©clatĂ©e un Ă©lĂ©ment de ventilation de toiture Ă©quipĂ© d'une grille de ventilation selon l'invention.
Other objects, advantages and characteristics will appear on reading the description of various embodiments of the invention, given without limitation and with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 shows a front perspective of a ventilation grille element in the vertical service position;
  • 2 shows the grid element of Figure 1 in section along the plane II-II of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows in exploded perspective a roof ventilation element fitted with a ventilation grid according to the invention.

Sur les figures 1 et 2, on a représenté un élément de ventilation longitudinal en tôle 1 muni d'une rangée d'ouvertures latérales de ventilation 2 disposées parallèlement par couples 2a, 2b de part et d'autre d'un pontet 4. Ces ouvertures partent en fait d'une découpe 3 de forme générale rectangulaire ménagée à travers la tôle 1 et qui est recouverte frontalement par le pontet 4 de forme générale rectangulaire. Le pontet 4 qui présente une surface générale plane est placé à une distance d de la surface générale 1a de la tôle qui est nettement inférieure à la largeur l des ouvertures. Cette distance d est comprise entre 1 et 5 mm, les dimensions les plus faibles permettant de bien retenir la neige poudreuse.In Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a longitudinal sheet metal ventilation element 1 provided with a row of lateral ventilation openings 2 arranged in pairs 2a, 2b on either side of a trigger guard 4. These openings in fact leave a cutout 3 of generally rectangular shape formed through the sheet 1 and which is covered frontally by the trigger guard 4 of generally rectangular shape. The trigger guard 4 which has a generally planar surface is placed at a distance d from the general surface 1a of the sheet which is clearly less than the width l of the openings. This distance d is between 1 and 5 mm, the smallest dimensions making it possible to retain powdery snow well.

Le pontet 4 est raccordé de façon progressive à la plaque 1 à chacune de ses extrémités par une partie de raccordement 4a, 4b, inclinée par rapport à la plaque et qui est arrondie dans le sens de la largeur du pontet en forme d'étrave 5, 6 dans la zone de raccordement avec la tôle 1. Les parties de raccordement 4a, 4b partent ainsi de l'extrémité de la découpe 3 avec un bombé central sur la partie d'étrave 5, 6 et se poursuivent chacune en faisant saillie sur la surface 1a de la tôle 1 par la partie de raccordement au pontet 4 qui est progressivement moins bombée au centre, sans perdre toutefois complètement sa forme bombée qui provoque le rebond favorable à l'évacuation, des projections des gouttelettes d'eau et des grains de neige poudreuse.The trigger guard 4 is progressively connected to the plate 1 at each of its ends by a connecting part 4a, 4b, inclined relative to the plate and which is rounded in the width direction of the bow-shaped trigger guard 5 , 6 in the zone of connection with the sheet 1. The connection parts 4a, 4b thus start from the end of the cutout 3 with a central crown on the bow part 5, 6 and each continue by projecting from the surface 1a of the sheet 1 by the connection portion to the trigger guard 4 which is progressively less curved in the center, without however completely losing its curved shape which causes the rebound favorable to the evacuation, projections of the water droplets and of the grains powder snow.

Lorsque la grille de ventilation 1 est en position de service, par exemple sur une toiture, les pontets 4 et les intervalles rectangulaires pleins 7 entre les ouvertures 3 et la tôle 1 sont orientés longitudinalement dans le sens d'écoulement de l'eau sur la plaque 1. Dans le cas limite extrême, la plaque 1 est disposée verticalement et les pontets 4 sont orientés verticalement avec leur axe longitudinal 4e placé dans le sens de la longueur, comme représenté sur la figure 2, où la plaque de ventilation 1 proprement dite en tôle est prolongée dans la masse de la tôle par une partie d'accrochage 8.When the ventilation grille 1 is in the service position, for example on a roof, the bridges 4 and the full rectangular gaps 7 between the openings 3 and the sheet 1 are oriented longitudinally in the direction of flow of the water over the plate 1. In the extreme limit case, the plate 1 is arranged vertically and the bridges 4 are oriented vertically with their longitudinal axis 4e placed lengthwise, as shown in FIG. 2, where the ventilation plate 1 proper in sheet metal is extended in the mass of the sheet metal by a hooking part 8.

Afin de mieux rejeter et faire rebondir les projections d'eau, les pontets 4 sont chacun munis dans leur partie située à la distance d de la surface 1a de la tôle 1, d'une nervure longitudinale 9 munie à chaque extrémité d'une partie effilée en forme d'étrave 10 et 11 permettant de mieux repousser l'eau et la neige poudreuse. Les nervures ou moulures 9 servent également à rendre plus rigide le pontet 4 et sont formées en général directement par repoussage de la tôle du pontet, ou bien lorsque la grille de ventilation est moulée monobloc en matière plastique, au moulage du pontet 4. Les ouvertures rectangulaires 3 de la tôle 1, recouvertes chacune d'un pontet 4 ménageant des paires de passage latéraux d'aération 2a, 2b, sont disposées parallèles les unes aux autres en ménageant entre elles des intervalles rectangulaires identiques 7 plans et régulièrement répartis pour constituer, par exemple, une ligne de ventilation de toiture, telle que représentée en coupe sur la figure 2.In order to better reject and make the water splashes rebound, the bridges 4 are each provided in their part located at the distance d from the surface 1a of the sheet 1, with a longitudinal rib 9 provided at each end with a part tapered in the shape of a bow 10 and 11 to better repel water and powdery snow. The ribs or moldings 9 also serve to make the bridge 4 more rigid and are generally formed directly by pushing back the plate of the trigger guard, or else when the ventilation grid is molded in a single piece of plastic, during the molding of the trigger guard 4. The openings rectangular 3 of the sheet 1, each covered with a trigger guard 4 providing pairs of lateral ventilation passages 2a, 2b, are arranged parallel to each other by providing between them identical rectangular intervals 7 planes and regularly distributed to constitute, for example, a roof ventilation line, as shown in section in Figure 2.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 3, un élément de ventilation de toiture appelé parfois encore "chatière", bien qu'il ne permette plus le passage des chats, est constitué d'une tôle supérieure 12, de préférence en métal résistant à la corrosion tel que du zinc et dont les arêtes de bordure 13 sont retournées sur trois côtés pour arrêter l'eau et la canaliser en service vers l'évacuation sur un côté avant 13′ disposé en service à la partie inférieure. Une partie de grille en saillie 14 est formée par repoussage sur la tôle supérieure 12 et présente, à sa partie inférieure en service, une languette rabattue 15 qui ne se referme pas complètement dans l'alignement de l'arête du côté 13′, en laissant ainsi un mince passage 16 pour les fuites collectées par un bac inférieur 17.In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, a roof ventilation element sometimes also called "cat door", although it no longer allows the passage of cats, consists of an upper sheet 12, preferably of resistant metal corrosion such as zinc and whose edge edges 13 are turned over on three sides to stop the water and channel it into service towards the drain on a front side 13 ′ arranged in service at the bottom. A projecting grid part 14 is formed by pushing back on the upper sheet 12 and has, at its lower part in use, a folded tongue 15 which does not close completely in alignment with the edge on the side 13 ′, in thus leaving a thin passage 16 for the leaks collected by a lower tank 17.

Une tôle inférieure ou plaque de socle 18, réalisée également de préférence en zinc, est formée par pliage ou estampage avec le bac 17 muni d'un rebord arrière 17a. La tôle inférieure 18 est normalement intégrée dans une toiture, par exemple au milieu des ardoises de la toiture, où elle vient s'appliquer sur les liteaux de la toiture, et elle est reliée rigidement par tout moyen adéquat tel que des rivets à la tôle supérieure 12. Pour cela, ses bords latéraux plans 18a, 18c, disposés en U avec le bord avant 18b viennent s'appliquer sur les bords plans latéraux 13a, 13c de la tôle supérieure 12 présentant sensiblement les mêmes formes et dimensions en plan. La languette rabattue 15 vient se placer juste devant le bord avant 17b du bac 17 en laissant le passage 16 ouvert et les couples de bords plans 13a, 18a et 13c, 18c sont rendus solidaires par tout moyen adéquat tel que soudure, agrafage, etc. Le bord plan arrière 13b de la tôle supérieure ferme le bac 17 vers le haut. L'élément de ventilation représenté en vue éclatée à la figure 3 étant ainsi assemblé,est monté incliné dans le sens de la pente d'un pan de toiture, de telle façon que l'eau qui a traversé accidentellement la grille de ventilation selon l'invention, ménagée sur la partie en saille 14, soit recueillie par le bac 17 et ensuite évacuée par gravité sur le bord avant 17b du bac 17, à travers la fente de passage 16 et de là sur le bord plan 18b et les éléments de couverture, tels que des ardoises.A lower sheet or base plate 18, also preferably made of zinc, is formed by folding or stamping with the tray 17 provided with a rear edge 17a. The lower sheet 18 is normally integrated in a roof, for example in the middle of the slates of the roof, where it is applied to the battens of the roof, and it is rigidly connected by any suitable means such as rivets to the sheet upper 12. For this, its planar lateral edges 18a, 18c, arranged in a U with the front edge 18b are applied on the lateral planar edges 13a, 13c of the upper sheet 12 having substantially the same shapes and dimensions in plan. The folded tab 15 is placed just in front of the front edge 17b of the tray 17, leaving the passage 16 open and the pairs of planar edges 13a, 18a and 13c, 18c are made integral by any suitable means such as welding, stapling, etc. The rear plane edge 13b of the upper sheet closes the tray 17 upwards. The ventilation element shown in exploded view in Figure 3 being thus assembled, is mounted inclined in the direction of the slope of a roof panel, so that the water which has accidentally passed through the ventilation grid according to l invention, formed on the projection 14, is collected by the tray 17 and then evacuated by gravity on the front edge 17b of the tray 17, through the passage slot 16 and from there on the flat edge 18b and the elements of blanket, such as slates.

La grille de ventilation selon l'invention qui est formée sur la partie en saillie 14 est constituée d'ouvertures rectangulaires (voir les ouvertures 3 à la figure 2) formées par repoussage vers l'extérieur du pontet rectangulaire 4 délimité entre deux fentes parallèles formant les faces latérales parallèles longues 4c et 4d du pontet. Les deux extrémités du pontet formées par repoussage restent solidaires de la tôle 14 en prenant une forme d'étrave arrondie qui renforce l'attache du pontet tout en canalisant l'eau et la neige sur des sillons en creux 7a (seul un sillon est représenté) des intervalles pleins 7 entre les ouvertures 3.The ventilation grille according to the invention which is formed on the projecting part 14 consists of rectangular openings (see the openings 3 in FIG. 2) formed by pushing out the rectangular trigger guard 4 delimited between two parallel slots forming the long parallel side faces 4c and 4d of the trigger guard. The two ends of the trigger guard formed by pushing remain integral with the sheet 14 by taking a shape of rounded bow which strengthens the attachment of the trigger guard while channeling the water and the snow on hollow grooves 7a (only one groove is shown ) full intervals 7 between the openings 3.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 3, les ouvertures de ventilation qui débouchent sur des paires de passages latéraux et qui sont recouvertes chacune par un pontet 4 sont disposées sur la partie en saillie 14 de la tôle supérieure 1 selon un réseau. Le réseau est constitué selon la figure 3 de trois lignes parallèles de huit ouvertures ou bien de huit colonnes de trois ouvertures. Les ouvertures 3 présentent généralement une longueur comprise entre 20 et 100 mm et une largeur comprise entre 10 et 20 mm. La protection à l'égard de la neige poudreuse étant particulièrement recherchée, il est avantageux de donner une valeur limitée à la hauteur h comprise entre 1 et 3 mm, de manière à retenir rapidement des grains de neige poudreuse à l'entrée des ouvertures latérales 2a et 2b, afin d'obturer ces ouvertures à l'égard de la neige qui continue à déferler sur le toit et qui, à la différence de l'eau qui revient par gravité sur la face 18b du socle inférieur 18, tend à passer par soufflage à l'intérieur du bâtiment via l'ouverture arrière 17c du bac 17, bien que cette ouverture 17c soit, en service, à une altitude supérieure à celle de l'arête avant 17b. La capacité de retenir la neige poudreuse de la grille de ventilation selon l'invention se comprend aisément lorsque la neige défile dans le sens de l'écoulement de l'eau ou bien dans le sens frontal, car les pontets 4 s'opposent à la pénétration de la neige, mais cette capacité présente un caractère plus surprenant dans le sens latéral où existent des paires d'ouvertures latérales 2a, 2b. Il semblerait, qu'en dehors de la première ouverture latérale, les autres ouvertures latérales soient soumises à un remous qui rebondit sur les pontets 4, que ceux-ci soient disposés vers l'extérieur comme représenté sur les figures 1 à 3 ou bien vers l'intérieur comme envisagé en variante. Ce remous empêche de façon surprenante la pénétration de la neige poudreuse à travers les ouvertures latérales 2a, 2b, lorsque cette neige est entraînée par un vent violent qui transporte rapidement la neige d'un endroit à un autre du toit. Les pièces constitutives des éléments de ventilation tels que celui représenté à la figure 3, peuvent être réalisées en tôle métallique (zinc, aluminium, acier inoxydable plombé ou non, cuivre, etc.) mais aussi en moulage en matière plastique et autre matériau résistant à la corrosion, au rayonnement solaire et aux variations extrêmes de température dans une ambiance susceptible d'être exposée au soleil (-30, -40 à +150°C).As can be seen in FIG. 3, the ventilation openings which lead to pairs of lateral passages and which are each covered by a trigger guard 4 are arranged on the projecting part 14 of the upper sheet 1 according to a network. The network is made up according to FIG. 3 of three parallel lines of eight openings or else of eight columns of three openings. The openings 3 generally have a length between 20 and 100 mm and a width between 10 and 20 mm. Since protection against powdery snow is particularly sought after, it is advantageous to give a value limited to the height h of between 1 and 3 mm, so as to quickly retain grains of powdery snow at the entrance to the side openings 2a and 2b, in order to close these openings with respect to the snow which continues to surge on the roof and which, unlike the water which returns by gravity to the face 18b of the lower base 18, tends to pass by blowing inside the building via the rear opening 17c of the tank 17, although this opening 17c is, in service, at an altitude higher than that of the front edge 17b. The ability to retain the powdery snow from the ventilation grille according to the invention is easily understood when the snow passes in the direction of water flow or in the frontal direction, because the bridges 4 oppose the snow penetration, but this capacity has a more surprising character in the lateral direction where pairs of lateral openings 2a, 2b exist. It would seem that, apart from the first lateral opening, the other lateral openings are subjected to a swirl which rebounds on the bridges 4, that these are arranged towards the outside as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 or towards the interior as envisaged as a variant. This backwash surprisingly prevents the penetration of powdery snow through the side openings 2a, 2b, when this snow is driven by a strong wind which quickly transports the snow from one place to another on the roof. The component parts of the ventilation elements such as that shown in Figure 3, can be made of metal sheet (zinc, aluminum, leaded or unleaded stainless steel, copper, etc.) but also in plastic molding and other material resistant to corrosion, solar radiation and to extreme temperature variations in an environment liable to be exposed to the sun (-30, -40 to + 150 ° C).

Claims (7)

1.- Grille de ventilation destinée à être interposée entre un espace intérieur et une ambiance extérieure susceptible d'être soumise à des projections d'eau ou de neige des intempéries et comprenant une plaque ou tôle (1) dans laquelle sont ménagées des ouvertures (2) de forme générale rectangulaire allongée, séparées par des intervalles allongés pleins (7) de la plaque ou tôle, chaque ouverture rectangulaire étant recouverte vers l'extérieur par un pontet rectangulaire (4) placé à une distance de la surface de la plaque qui est nettement inférieure à la largeur des ouvertures rectangulaires (2), caractérisée en ce que ladite distance (d) est comprise entre 1 et 5 mm, de préférence entre 1 et 3 mm, pour délimiter une paire (2a, 2b) d'ouvertures latérales de ventilation aptes à s'opposer à la traversée de la neige même poudreuse, en ce que le pontet est raccordé dans toutes les directions à la plaque à chacune de ses extrémités de façon progressive, par une partie de raccordement de forme générale inclinée (4a, 4b) par rapport à la plaque (1) pour mieux faire rebondir les projections d'eau et de neige et en ce que l'axe longitudinal (4e) de chacun des pontets (4) est orienté pour venir se placer en service sensiblement dans le sens d'écoulement par gravité de l'eau sur la plaque, l'ensemble des pontets (4) étant agencé de manière à former avec lesdits intervalles allongés pleins (7) une obturation frontale sensiblement continue apte à faire rebondir et s'écouler vers l'évacuation les projections d'eau et/ou de neige dirigées sur la plaque ou tôle (1). 1.- Ventilation grille intended to be interposed between an interior space and an exterior atmosphere likely to be subjected to splashing water or snow from bad weather and comprising a plate or sheet (1) in which are made openings ( 2) of generally elongated rectangular shape, separated by full elongated intervals (7) of the plate or sheet, each rectangular opening being covered towards the outside by a rectangular bridge (4) placed at a distance from the surface of the plate which is significantly less than the width of the rectangular openings (2), characterized in that said distance (d) is between 1 and 5 mm, preferably between 1 and 3 mm, to delimit a pair (2a, 2b) of openings ventilation side panels capable of opposing the passage of powdery snow, in that the trigger guard is connected in all directions to the plate at each of its ends progressively ve, by a generally inclined connection part (4a, 4b) relative to the plate (1) to better rebound the projections of water and snow and in that the longitudinal axis (4e) of each of bridges (4) is oriented to be placed in service substantially in the direction of flow by gravity of the water on the plate, all the bridges (4) being arranged so as to form with said full elongated intervals (7 ) a substantially continuous front closure capable of bouncing and flowing towards the discharge the water and / or snow projections directed onto the plate or sheet (1). 2.- Grille de ventilation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite partie de raccordement inclinée (4a, 4b) à chaque extrémité du pontet (4) est arrondie dans le sens de la largeur du pontet, en forme d'étrave (5, 6) venant progressivement faire saillie au-dessus de la plaque ou tôle (1). 2.- ventilation grille according to claim 1, characterized in that said inclined connection part (4a, 4b) at each end of the trigger guard (4) is rounded in the direction of the width of the trigger guard, in the shape of a bow ( 5, 6) progressively protruding above the plate or sheet (1). 3.- Grille de ventilation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les intervalles allongés pleins (7) entre les ouvertures (3) présentent longitudinalement un sillon en creux (7a) apte à limiter le déversement dans les ouvertures rectangulaires (3) de l'eau qui s'écoule sur ces intervalles pleins (7). 3.- ventilation grille according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the full elongated intervals (7) between the openings (3) have longitudinally a hollow groove (7a) capable of limiting the discharge into the rectangular openings (3) of the water which flows over these full intervals (7). 4.- Grille de ventilation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les pontets (4) présentent chacun, dans leur partie située à la distance (d) de la plaque ou tôle, au moins une moulure ou nervure longitudinale (9) en saillie, apte, d'une part, à faciliter le rebond latéral des gouttes d'eau qui frappent le pontet et, d'autre part, à rigidifier la partie centrale dudit pontet (4). 4.- ventilation grille according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bridges (4) each have, in their part located at the distance (d) of the plate or sheet, at least one molding or longitudinal rib (9) projecting, adapted, on the one hand, to facilitate the lateral rebound of the water drops which strike the trigger guard and, on the other hand, to stiffen the central part of said trigger guard (4). 5.- Grille de ventilation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la moulure longitudinale (9) est formée par repoussage vers l'extérieur de la tôle constituant le pontet (4). 5. A ventilation grille according to claim 4, characterized in that the longitudinal molding (9) is formed by pushing out the sheet forming the trigger guard (4). 6.- Elément d'aération pour couverture de bâtiment comportant une ouverture de communication entre l'intérieur du bâtiment et l'ambiance extérieure, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture est obturée à l'égard des projections d'eau et de neige des intempéries par une grille de ventilation (14) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 et dont les pontets (4) sont orientés longitudinalement dans le sens d'écoulement de l'eau. 6.- Ventilation element for building cover comprising a communication opening between the interior of the building and the outside atmosphere, characterized in that the opening is closed with respect to water and snow projections from bad weather by a ventilation grille (14) according to one of claims 1 to 5 and the bridges (4) of which are oriented longitudinally in the direction of flow of the water. 7.- Elément d'aération selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la grille (14) est disposée en saillie sur une tôle supérieure (12) fixée sur une plaque de socle (18) posée sur une toiture et en ce que la tôle supérieure (12) portant la grille (14) est rabattue à l'une de ses extrémités, à faible distance de la plaque de socle (18), pour ménager un passage (16) de ventilation et d'évacuation d'eau par gravité. 7.- ventilation element according to claim 6, characterized in that the grid (14) is arranged projecting from an upper sheet (12) fixed on a base plate (18) placed on a roof and in that the upper sheet (12) carrying the grid (14) is folded down at one of its ends, a short distance from the base plate (18), to provide a passage (16) for ventilation and evacuation of water by gravity.
EP92401561A 1991-06-18 1992-06-05 Ventilation grid and aerating element using such a grid Expired - Lifetime EP0519780B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9107432 1991-06-18
FR9107432A FR2678012B1 (en) 1991-06-18 1991-06-18 VENTILATION GRILLE AND VENTILATION ELEMENT USING SUCH A GRILLE.

Publications (2)

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EP0519780A1 true EP0519780A1 (en) 1992-12-23
EP0519780B1 EP0519780B1 (en) 1996-03-20

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EP92401561A Expired - Lifetime EP0519780B1 (en) 1991-06-18 1992-06-05 Ventilation grid and aerating element using such a grid

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EP (1) EP0519780B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE135788T1 (en)
DE (2) DE519780T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2038961T1 (en)
FR (1) FR2678012B1 (en)
GR (1) GR930300063T1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006107782A1 (en) * 2005-04-01 2006-10-12 Carolina O'hagin Low profile roof vent

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR743204A (en) * 1933-03-25
FR2175020A1 (en) * 1972-03-07 1973-10-19 Robertson Co H H
FR2523186A1 (en) * 1982-03-08 1983-09-16 Goubaud Michel Vent for roof of buildings - has base plate lying flush to roof with underlying channel
GB2196033A (en) * 1986-10-10 1988-04-20 Ega Ltd Roof space ventilator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR743204A (en) * 1933-03-25
FR2175020A1 (en) * 1972-03-07 1973-10-19 Robertson Co H H
FR2523186A1 (en) * 1982-03-08 1983-09-16 Goubaud Michel Vent for roof of buildings - has base plate lying flush to roof with underlying channel
GB2196033A (en) * 1986-10-10 1988-04-20 Ega Ltd Roof space ventilator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006107782A1 (en) * 2005-04-01 2006-10-12 Carolina O'hagin Low profile roof vent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69209160D1 (en) 1996-04-25
FR2678012A1 (en) 1992-12-24
FR2678012B1 (en) 1996-02-23
EP0519780B1 (en) 1996-03-20
GR930300063T1 (en) 1993-06-30
ATE135788T1 (en) 1996-04-15
DE519780T1 (en) 1993-08-12
ES2038961T1 (en) 1993-08-16

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