EP0519231A2 - Warning installation for induction smelt furnace - Google Patents

Warning installation for induction smelt furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0519231A2
EP0519231A2 EP92108661A EP92108661A EP0519231A2 EP 0519231 A2 EP0519231 A2 EP 0519231A2 EP 92108661 A EP92108661 A EP 92108661A EP 92108661 A EP92108661 A EP 92108661A EP 0519231 A2 EP0519231 A2 EP 0519231A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
furnace lining
ceramic
electrode
electrodes
furnace
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EP92108661A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0519231B1 (en
EP0519231A3 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dr.-Ing. Hopf
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Feuerfest Ueberwachungstechnologie Saveway GmbH
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Feuerfest Ueberwachungstechnologie Saveway GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/0021Devices for monitoring linings for wear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pre-warning device for breakthroughs of metal melts on ceramic furnace linings of melting furnaces, in particular induction melting furnaces with electrodes or electrode network to be arranged on the respective furnace lining, in particular on the outside thereof, the electrodes being divided into two groups of different polarity, spaced apart and to determine the electrical, temperature-dependent resistance of the furnace lining between the two electrode groups can be connected to an evaluation unit.
  • the ceramic furnace linings are subject to very hard thermal, chemical and mechanical stresses during operation. This results in washouts and possibly cracks that can penetrate to the inductor in an induction melting furnace. If penetration of the molten metal towards the inductor is not recognized in good time, the induction melting furnace may be seriously damaged and, in extreme cases, even explosive emptying of the melting unit.
  • prewarning devices of the generic type which use the principle of resistance measurement. This is based on the knowledge that the electrical resistance between any two contact points of the ceramic furnace lining, for example on the outside, is dependent on the temperature, in that it drops considerably with increasing temperature, by a few powers of ten in the high-resistance range. If there is a breakthrough in the wall of the furnace lining, a local temperature increase takes place, which can be determined with a suitable distribution of the electrodes on the furnace lining and on its outer wall via the resistance measurement. The problem lies in being able to arrange the electrode network on the outside of the ceramic furnace lining with a sufficiently close mesh in order to be able to achieve a safe early warning of the melt breakthrough that is imminent.
  • the electrode network is arranged in grooves on the outside of a so-called finished crucible, which is inserted into an induction furnace as a prefabricated part and is surrounded there with a ceramic back-ramming compound in order to fill the necessary annular gap towards the inductor wall.
  • the electrode network is at a sufficient distance from the inductor wall in order to be able to signal an impending breakthrough point in good time without the inductor being damaged.
  • the use of ready-made crucibles is very low, because conventional furnace delivery is preferred in which the furnace lining is built up from the ceramic material at the place of use.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a pre-warning device of the type mentioned, which allows easy attachment of the electrodes in the outside of the furnace lining and ensures high display security of the entire system.
  • This task is carried out at a pre-warning device
  • Generic type according to the invention solved in that at least one of the electrodes is arranged as an electrode network on one side on a ceramic film.
  • This ceramic film is arranged either with the side provided with the electrode network or with the side facing away from the furnace lining.
  • the film has a lower thermal conductivity and a lower electrical conductivity and in the second case an approximately the same or higher thermal conductivity as well as an approximately the same or higher electrical conductivity compared to the ceramic material of the furnace lining.
  • it does not matter whether only one of the electrodes of the two electrode groups or the electrodes of both groups are formed by the electrode network.
  • the arrangement of the electrode network on the ceramic film is crucial.
  • the ceramic film with the applied electrode network is prefabricated for the respective application and can be used regardless of whether the ceramic furnace lining is built up in a conventional delivery in the melting furnace, such as an induction melting furnace, or is introduced into the furnace as a finished crucible becomes.
  • the ceramic film with the integrated electrode network can easily be attached in an equidistant arrangement to the inductor wall in an induction melting furnace, and it can also take on the role of a thermal barrier coating.
  • a ceramic Foil material is preferably a fine, felt-like non-woven fabric made of ceramic material, as is known per se and roughly comparable in mechanical properties to a stiff, rigid paper or cardboard web.
  • the ceramic foil material has a behavior which does that the furnace lining is similar. If, on the other hand, the electrode network is arranged between the ceramic foil material and the ceramic furnace lining, the thermal resistance and the electrical resistance of the foil material must be higher, expediently much higher than that of the furnace lining.
  • a particularly advantageous development of the invention is to arrange the electrode network between two such ceramic foils, of which the foil to be arranged adjacent to the outside of the furnace lining has approximately the same or higher thermal conductivity and a lower specific resistance and that on the furnace lining foil to be arranged on the opposite side have a lower thermal conductivity and a higher specific resistance than the ceramic material of the furnace lining.
  • the thermal and electrical insulation properties of the ceramic film which has the higher resistance values make it possible it even saves a separate insulation layer, which is usually provided in an induction melting furnace between the inductor wall and the ceramic furnace lining.
  • a melting chamber 1 which, except for an upper opening, is completely surrounded by a furnace lining 2, which consists of a sinterable, ceramic material.
  • a furnace lining 2 which consists of a sinterable, ceramic material.
  • an intermediate layer 3 adjoins the furnace lining 2 radially outward, in which an electrode network 7 is embedded, whereupon will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the intermediate layer is further surrounded on the outside by a coil compensation mass 4, behind which an induction coil 5 and a magnetic conductor 6 in the form of a yoke lie further radially outwards.
  • the peculiarity of such an induction melting furnace lies in the formation of the intermediate layer 3 between the ceramic furnace lining 2 and the spool lenausrete 4, because this intermediate layer 3 takes over both an insulation function and has the electrode network 7 mentioned, which to an electrical monitoring system for timely signaling of breakthroughs Metal melting heard through the ceramic furnace lining 2.
  • This electrode network 7 extends over the entire circumference along the outside of the ceramic furnace lining 2, as will be explained below with reference to the processing according to FIG. 4.
  • the intermediate layer 3 consists of one or more pre-assembled components, which is described below with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the intermediate layer 3 is composed of a plurality of prefabricated ceramic mats 8, each of which extends over the height of the furnace lining 2.
  • a ceramic mat 8 is shown in Fig. 3, it is such a prefabricated component that is adapted to the particular type of furnace for which it is to be used. It has an inner Film 9 and an outer film 10, both of which have, for example, a felt-like structure made of ceramic fibers. Both foils 9 and 10 have approximately the strength and the bendability of cardboard, they can therefore be adapted in their composite to the inner curvature of the furnace wall, which is formed without infeed by the coil compensation mass 4 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the foils 9 and 10 can also be called a web material because they can be cut to length from longer webs of the ceramic material.
  • the electrical monitoring system is based on the principle of measuring the resistance of the ceramic furnace lining 2 between two electrodes 11, which form the electrode network 7 in a plurality or multiplicity in a special configuration, which is arranged between the two ceramic foils 9 and 10. It must therefore be measured into the ceramic material of the furnace lining 2 from the mat 8 in the installed position on the outside of the furnace lining 2. Therefore, the film 9 lying directly on the furnace lining 2 has electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity properties which correspond to or are at least similar to those of the furnace lining 2. In contrast, the outer film 10 lying away from the furnace lining 2 in the installed position has insulating properties, that is to say it has a much lower electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity than the inner film 9.
  • the specific resistances of the foils 9 and 10 required in relation to the ceramic material of the furnace lining 2 can be set by suitable supplements, which are added to the ceramic material of the foils 9 and 10.
  • the electrodes 11 of the electrode network 7 consist of a material which has a high resistance to temperature changes, a high heat resistance and good corrosion resistance; austenitic electrode wires are suitable for this.
  • the electrodes 11 are assigned to a first group 12 and a second group 13, the electrodes 11, which are adjacent to one another, belong to the different groups 12 and 13 and are arranged equidistantly relative to one another. Therefore, the electrodes 11 of the two groups 12 and 13 form opposing comb-like structures which interlock in the direction of the comb teeth, so that one electrode 11 of one group 12 is adjacent to electrodes 11 of the other group 13.
  • This entire electrode network 7 is located between the two foils 9 and 10, which are connected to one another in a suitable manner, as a result of which the electrode network 7 is also fixed.
  • leads 14 and 15 are led out at a suitable point, which are connected to one of the electrode groups 12 and 13, which are subjected to different polarities during operation.
  • the mats 8 are arranged circumferentially around the furnace lining 2.
  • the mats 8 are along the through the ceramic Streak 4 formed inner wall of the inductor as an intermediate layer 3 (Fig. 1 and 2) prior to delivery of the furnace lining 2.
  • the height of the furnace lining to be monitored, ie to be covered by the mats 8, is identified by arrow A and the corresponding extent by arrow B. So that breakthrough monitoring is partially possible for each of the mats 8, the respective one supply line 8 had an electrical connection to a separate input of an evaluation unit 16, while the other supply lines of the mats 8 are at a base potential.
  • each of these mats 8 forms a monitoring segment for itself, so that an emerging melt breakthrough along the circumference of the furnace lining can be indicated by the evaluation unit 16 in relation to zones or segments. This makes it possible to localize the impending fault.
  • the mats 8 can also be divided from one another in the vertical direction if it is desired to locate the impending fault location in the vertical direction of the furnace lining.
  • the two groups 12, 13 of the electrode network 7 are acted upon by a sinusoidal AC voltage, the frequency of which is between 20 and 30 Hz.
  • This frequency range has proven to be the one with the least interference due to harmonic effects, stray effects and due to the usual mains frequency of 50 Hz and the frequencies with which the inductor of an induction melting furnace is operated Switching overvoltages occur.
  • This is also related to the complexity of the electrical resistances which lie between the electrodes 11 of the two groups 12 and 13 of the electrode network 7 and which have a capacitive component which is also caused by the respective mat 8 in which the electrode network 7 in question is embedded is. False indications caused by a DC measuring voltage, which are caused by polarization phenomena in the material of the furnace lining, are avoided by the above-mentioned measuring AC voltage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Such a warning device serves for indicating ruptures by metal smelts on ceramic furnace linings of smelt furnaces. It has electrodes which are arranged on the respective furnace lining, are subdivided into two groups of different polarity and are arranged at intervals from one another. The groups of electrodes are able to be connected to an evaluation unit for determining the electrical, temperature-dependent resistance of the furnace lining. In order to permit a simple attachment of the electrodes to the outside of the furnace lining and to ensure a high indicating reliability of the overall system, at least one of the electrodes is arranged as an electrode network on one side of a ceramic sheet. This ceramic sheet is arranged on the furnace lining either with the side provided with the electrode network or with the side facing away from the said network, the sheet having in the first case a lower thermal conductivity and a lower electrical conductivity and in the second case having an approximately equal or higher thermal conductivity and an approximately equal or higher electrical conductivity to or than the ceramic material of the furnace lining. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorwarneinrichtung für Durchbrüche von Metallschmelzen an keramischen Ofenfuttern von Schmelzöfen, insbesondere von Induktionsschmelzöfen mit am jeweiligen Ofenfutter, wie insbesondere an dessen Außenseite, anzuordnenden Elektroden oder Elektrodennetzwerk, wobei die Elektroden in zwei Gruppen unterschiedlicher Polarität unterteilt, in Abständen voneinander angeordnet und zur Ermittlung des elektrischen, temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes des Ofenfutters zwischen den beiden Elektrodengruppen mit einer Auswerteinheit verbindbar sind.The invention relates to a pre-warning device for breakthroughs of metal melts on ceramic furnace linings of melting furnaces, in particular induction melting furnaces with electrodes or electrode network to be arranged on the respective furnace lining, in particular on the outside thereof, the electrodes being divided into two groups of different polarity, spaced apart and to determine the electrical, temperature-dependent resistance of the furnace lining between the two electrode groups can be connected to an evaluation unit.

Bei Schmelzöfen der erwähnten Art unterliegen die keramischen Ofenfutter im Betrieb sehr harten thermischen, chemischen und mechanischen Beanspruchungen. Es bilden sich dadurch Auswaschungen und eventuell Risse, die bei einem Induktionsschmelzofen bis zum Induktor vordringen können. Wird ein Durchdringen der flüssigen Metallschmelze zum Induktor hin nicht rechtzeitig erkannt, kann es zu erheblichen Beschädigungen des Induktionsschmelzofens und im Extremfall sogar zur explosionsartigen Entleerung des Schmelzaggregates kommen.In melting furnaces of the type mentioned, the ceramic furnace linings are subject to very hard thermal, chemical and mechanical stresses during operation. This results in washouts and possibly cracks that can penetrate to the inductor in an induction melting furnace. If penetration of the molten metal towards the inductor is not recognized in good time, the induction melting furnace may be seriously damaged and, in extreme cases, even explosive emptying of the melting unit.

Um solche Defekte bei Induktionsschmelzöfen frühzeitig erkennen zu können, sind Vorwarneinrichtungen der gattungsgemäßen Art bekannt, die das Prinzip der Widerstandsmessung nutzen. Dies beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß der elektrische Widerstand zwischen zwei beliebigen Kontaktpunkten des keramischen Ofenfutters beispielsweise an der Außenseite von der Temperatur abhängig ist, indem er mit zunehmender Temperatur erheblich sinkt, und zwar um einige Zehnerpotenzen im hochohmigen Bereich. Bahnt sich in der Wandung des Ofenfutters eine Durchbruchstelle an, findet eine örtliche Temperaturerhöhung statt, die man bei geeigneter Verteilung der Elektroden am Ofenfutter wie an seiner Außenwand über die Widerstandsmessung feststellen kann. Das Problem liegt darin, das Elektrodennetzwerk ausreichend engmaschig an der Außenseite des keramischen Ofenfutters anordnen zu können, um eine sichere Frühwarnung des sich anbahnenden Schmelzendurchbruchs erzielen zu können.In order to be able to recognize such defects in induction melting furnaces at an early stage, prewarning devices of the generic type are known which use the principle of resistance measurement. This is based on the knowledge that the electrical resistance between any two contact points of the ceramic furnace lining, for example on the outside, is dependent on the temperature, in that it drops considerably with increasing temperature, by a few powers of ten in the high-resistance range. If there is a breakthrough in the wall of the furnace lining, a local temperature increase takes place, which can be determined with a suitable distribution of the electrodes on the furnace lining and on its outer wall via the resistance measurement. The problem lies in being able to arrange the electrode network on the outside of the ceramic furnace lining with a sufficiently close mesh in order to be able to achieve a safe early warning of the melt breakthrough that is imminent.

Bei einer bekannten, gattungsgemäßen Vorwarneinrichtung für einen Induktionsschmelzofen ist das Elektrodennetzwerk in Nuten auf der Außenseite eines sogenannten Fertigtiegels angeordnet, der in einen Induktionsofen als vorgefertigtes Teil eingesetzt und dort mit einer keramischen Hinterstampfmasse umgeben wird, um den notwendigen Ringspalt zur Induktorwandung hin auszufüllen. Hierbei liegt zwar das Elektrodennetzwerk in ausreichendem Abstand vor der Induktorwandung, um eine sich anbahnende Durchbruchsstelle rechtzeitig signalisieren zu können, ohne daß der Induktor Schaden nimmt. In der Praxis ist jedoch der Einsatz von Fertigtiegeln sehr gering, denn überwiegend wird eine konventionelle Ofenzustellung bevorzugt, bei der das Ofenfutter am Einsatzort aus dem keramischen Material aufgebaut wird.In a known, generic prewarning device for an induction melting furnace, the electrode network is arranged in grooves on the outside of a so-called finished crucible, which is inserted into an induction furnace as a prefabricated part and is surrounded there with a ceramic back-ramming compound in order to fill the necessary annular gap towards the inductor wall. Here, the electrode network is at a sufficient distance from the inductor wall in order to be able to signal an impending breakthrough point in good time without the inductor being damaged. In practice, however, the use of ready-made crucibles is very low, because conventional furnace delivery is preferred in which the furnace lining is built up from the ceramic material at the place of use.

Bei diesem Zustellungsverfahren bestehen erhebliche Schwierigkeiten, das Elektrodennetzwerk zur Signalisation von Durchbruchstellen mit einem vertretbaren Aufwand so installieren zu können, daß eine sichere und genaue Früherkennung einer Fehlerstelle möglich ist. Man hat sich bei der konventionellen Zustellung mit der Verwendung von Stabelektroden beholfen, die in vertikaler Ausrichtung zwischen einer Wärmedämmschicht und dem Tiegelmaterial entlang dem Umfang des Tiegels angeordnet wurden, vergleiche DE-27 18 016-A1. Auch hier wird die Verringerung des elektrischen Widerstandes des zumindest teilweise ausgesinterten, keramischen Tiegelmaterials zwischen den benachbarten Elektroden infolge Temperaturerhöhung ausgewertet. Der Nachteil dieses bekannten Systems liegt in der Gefahr eines Kurzschlusses der Induktorspannung sowie einer Beeinflussung der Meßspannung über die vertikalen Elektroden bei feuchter Wärmedämmschicht, zum anderen ist die Installation und der Anschluß der Elektroden aufwendig. Bezüglich der Anzeigesicherheit zeigt das bekannte System ebenfalls Mängel, da die vordringende Metallschmelze relativ spät erkannt wird.With this delivery method, there are considerable difficulties in being able to install the electrode network for signaling breakthrough points with reasonable effort so that a reliable and accurate early detection of a fault point is possible. In conventional delivery, use has been made of stick electrodes which have been arranged in a vertical orientation between a heat insulation layer and the crucible material along the circumference of the crucible, compare DE-27 18 016-A1. Here, too, the reduction in the electrical resistance of the at least partially sintered ceramic crucible material between the adjacent electrodes as a result of the temperature increase is evaluated. The disadvantage of this known system lies in the risk of a short circuit in the inductor voltage and an influence on the measuring voltage via the vertical electrodes when the thermal insulation layer is moist, and secondly the installation and connection of the electrodes is complex. The known system also shows deficiencies in terms of display security, since the advancing metal melt is recognized relatively late.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorwarneinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welche eine einfache Anbringung der Elektroden in der Außenseite des Ofenfutters ermöglicht und eine hohe Anzeigesicherheit des gesamten Systems gewährleistet.The invention has for its object to provide a pre-warning device of the type mentioned, which allows easy attachment of the electrodes in the outside of the furnace lining and ensures high display security of the entire system.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorwarneinrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß zumindest eine der Elektroden als Elektrodennetzwerk einseitig auf einer keramischen Folie angeordnet ist. Diese keramische Folie wird entweder mit der mit dem Elektrodennetzwerk versehenden Seite oder mit der diesem abgewandten Seite am Ofenfutter angeordnet. Im ersteren Falle hat die Folie eine niedrigere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie eine geringere elektrische Leitfähigkeit und im zweiten Fall eine etwa gleiche oder höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie eine etwa gleiche oder höhere elektrische Leitfähigkeit gegenüber dem keramischen Material des Ofenfutters. Grundsätzlich spielt es hierbei keine Rolle, ob nur eine der Elektroden der beiden Elektrodengruppen oder die Elektroden beider Gruppen durch das Elektrodennetzwerk gebildet werden. Entscheidend kommt es auf die Anordnung des Elektrodennetzwerkes auf der keramischen Folie an.This task is carried out at a pre-warning device Generic type according to the invention solved in that at least one of the electrodes is arranged as an electrode network on one side on a ceramic film. This ceramic film is arranged either with the side provided with the electrode network or with the side facing away from the furnace lining. In the former case, the film has a lower thermal conductivity and a lower electrical conductivity and in the second case an approximately the same or higher thermal conductivity as well as an approximately the same or higher electrical conductivity compared to the ceramic material of the furnace lining. Basically, it does not matter whether only one of the electrodes of the two electrode groups or the electrodes of both groups are formed by the electrode network. The arrangement of the electrode network on the ceramic film is crucial.

Wesentlich für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorwarneinrichtung ist, daß die keramische Folie mit dem aufgebrachten Elektrodennetzwerk für den jeweiligen Einsatzfall vorgefertigt werden und unabhängig davon verwendet werden kann, ob das keramische Ofenfutter in herkömmlicher Zustellung im Schmelzofen, wie einem Induktionsschmelzofen, aufgebaut oder als Fertigtiegel in den Ofen eingebracht wird. Die keramische Folie mit dem integrierten Elektrodennetzwerk läßt sich leicht in äquidistanter Anordnung zur Induktorwandung bei einem Induktionsschmelzofen anbringen, wobei sie noch zusätzlich die Aufgabe als Wärmedämmschicht mit übernehmen kann. Als keramisches Folienmaterial wird vorzugsweise ein feines, filzartiges Faservlies aus keramischem Werkstoff verwendet, wie es an sich bekannt und in etwa in seinen mechanischen Eigenschaften mit einer steifen steifen Papier- oder Kartonbahn vergleichbar ist.It is essential for a prewarning device according to the invention that the ceramic film with the applied electrode network is prefabricated for the respective application and can be used regardless of whether the ceramic furnace lining is built up in a conventional delivery in the melting furnace, such as an induction melting furnace, or is introduced into the furnace as a finished crucible becomes. The ceramic film with the integrated electrode network can easily be attached in an equidistant arrangement to the inductor wall in an induction melting furnace, and it can also take on the role of a thermal barrier coating. As a ceramic Foil material is preferably a fine, felt-like non-woven fabric made of ceramic material, as is known per se and roughly comparable in mechanical properties to a stiff, rigid paper or cardboard web.

Nach der Erfindung wird nicht mehr im keramischen Tiegelmaterial selbst sondern von außen in das keramische Material hineingemessen, deshalb ist es wichtig, daß zum einen bei Anordnung der keramischen Folie zwischen dem Elektrodennetzwerk und der Außenseite des keramischen Ofenfutters der keramische Folienwerkstoff ein Verhalten hat, welches dem des Ofenfutters ähnlich ist. Wird hingegen zum anderen das Elektrodennetzwerk zwischen dem keramischen Folienmaterial und dem keramischen Ofenfutter angeordnet, muß der Wärmewiderstand und der elektrische Widerstand des Folienwerkstoffes höher, zweckmäßig sehr viel höher als der des Ofenfutters sein. Daraus ergibt sich, daß eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung darin liegt, das Elektrodennetzwerk zwischen zwei solcher keramischen Folien anzuordnen, von denen die benachbart der Außenseite des Ofenfutters anzuordnende Folie eine etwa gleiche oder höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie einen niedrigeren spezifischen Widerstand und die auf der vom Ofenfutter abgewandten Seite anzuordnende Folie eine niedrigere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie einen höheren spezifischen Widerstand als das keramische Material des Ofenfutters haben. Die thermischen und elektrischen Isolationseigenschaften derjenigen keramischen Folie, welche die höheren Widerstandswerte hat, ermöglichen es sogar, eine separate Dämmschicht einzusparen, die bei einem Induktionsschmelzofen zwischen der Induktorwandung und dem keramischen Ofenfutter üblicherweise vorgesehen wird.According to the invention, it is no longer measured in the ceramic crucible material itself but from the outside into the ceramic material, which is why it is important that, on the one hand, when the ceramic foil is arranged between the electrode network and the outside of the ceramic furnace lining, the ceramic foil material has a behavior which does that the furnace lining is similar. If, on the other hand, the electrode network is arranged between the ceramic foil material and the ceramic furnace lining, the thermal resistance and the electrical resistance of the foil material must be higher, expediently much higher than that of the furnace lining. It follows from this that a particularly advantageous development of the invention is to arrange the electrode network between two such ceramic foils, of which the foil to be arranged adjacent to the outside of the furnace lining has approximately the same or higher thermal conductivity and a lower specific resistance and that on the furnace lining foil to be arranged on the opposite side have a lower thermal conductivity and a higher specific resistance than the ceramic material of the furnace lining. The thermal and electrical insulation properties of the ceramic film which has the higher resistance values make it possible it even saves a separate insulation layer, which is usually provided in an induction melting furnace between the inductor wall and the ceramic furnace lining.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel noch näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch einen Induktionsschmelzofen,
Fig. 2
in vergrößerter Darstellung das Schnittbild der Ofenwandung gemäß dem Ausschnitt in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
die perspektivische Ansicht einer vorgefertigten, keramischen Matte als Element einer Vorwarneinrichtung für Durchbrüche von Metallschmelzen bei einem Induktionsschmelzofen nach den Figuren 1 und 2 und
Fig. 4
die Abwicklung einer Auskleidung eines Induktionsschmelzofens mit mehreren Matten gemäß Fig. 3 einschließlich einer Darstellung der Verbindung mit der zugehörigen elektrischen Auswerteinheit.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing using an exemplary embodiment. Show:
Fig. 1
2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through an induction melting furnace,
Fig. 2
4 shows an enlarged representation of the sectional view of the furnace wall according to the detail in FIG.
Fig. 3
the perspective view of a prefabricated, ceramic mat as an element of a pre-warning device for breakthroughs of metal melts in an induction melting furnace according to Figures 1 and 2 and
Fig. 4
the handling of a lining of an induction melting furnace with several mats according to FIG. 3 including a representation of the connection with the associated electrical evaluation unit.

Im einzelnen erkennt man an dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Induktionsschmelzofen einen Schmelzraum 1, der bis auf eine obere Öffnung vollständig von einem Ofenfutter 2 umgeben wird, das aus einem sinterfähigen, keramischen Material besteht. Wie in Ergänzung Fig. 2 weiter erkennen läßt, schließt radial nach außen an das Ofenfutter 2 eine Zwischenlage 3 an, in die ein Elektrodennetzwerk 7 eingebettet ist, worauf nachstehend noch näher eingegangen werden wird. Die Zwischenlage wird weiter nach außen hin von einer Spulenausgleichsmasse 4 umgeben, hinter der weiter radial nach außen hin eine Induktionsspule 5 und ein Magnetleiter 6 in Gestalt eines Joches liegen.1 shows a melting chamber 1, which, except for an upper opening, is completely surrounded by a furnace lining 2, which consists of a sinterable, ceramic material. As can be seen in addition in FIG. 2, an intermediate layer 3 adjoins the furnace lining 2 radially outward, in which an electrode network 7 is embedded, whereupon will be discussed in more detail below. The intermediate layer is further surrounded on the outside by a coil compensation mass 4, behind which an induction coil 5 and a magnetic conductor 6 in the form of a yoke lie further radially outwards.

Die Besonderheit eines solchen Induktionsschmelzofens liegt in der Ausbildung der Zwischenlage 3 zwischen dem keramischen Ofenfutter 2 und der Spu lenausgleichsmasse 4, weil diese Zwischenlage 3 sowohl eine Dämmfunktion übernimmt als auch das erwähnte Elektrodennetzwerk 7 aufweist, welches zu einem elektrischen Überwachungssystem zur rechtzeitigen Signalisierung von Durchbrüchen von Metallschmelzen durch das keramische Ofenfutter 2 hindurch gehört. Dieses Elektrodennetzwerk 7 erstreckt sich über den gesamten Umfang entlang der Außenseite des keramischen Ofenfutters 2, wie anhand der Abwicklung gemäß Fig. 4 weiter unten noch erläutert werden wird. Die Zwischenlage 3 besteht aus einem oder mehreren vorkonfektionierten Bauteilen, was nachstehend anhand von Fig. 3 beschrieben wird.The peculiarity of such an induction melting furnace lies in the formation of the intermediate layer 3 between the ceramic furnace lining 2 and the spool lenausgleichsmasse 4, because this intermediate layer 3 takes over both an insulation function and has the electrode network 7 mentioned, which to an electrical monitoring system for timely signaling of breakthroughs Metal melting heard through the ceramic furnace lining 2. This electrode network 7 extends over the entire circumference along the outside of the ceramic furnace lining 2, as will be explained below with reference to the processing according to FIG. 4. The intermediate layer 3 consists of one or more pre-assembled components, which is described below with reference to FIG. 3.

Entlang dem Umfang des Ofenfutters 2 setzt sich die Zwischenlage 3 aus einer Mehrzahl von vorgefertigten, keramischen Matten 8 zusammen, die jeweils über die Höhe des Ofenfutters 2 reichen. Eine solche keramische Matte 8 ist in Fig. 3 wiedergegeben, es handelt sich um ein solches vorkonfektioniertes Bauteil, das an den jeweiligen Ofentyp angepaßt ist, für den es verwendet werden soll. Es weist eine innere Folie 9 und eine äußere Folie 10 auf, die beide einen beispielsweise filzartigen Aufbau aus keramischen Fasern haben. Beide Folien 9 und 10 haben etwa die Stärke und die Biegefähigkeit von Karton, sie lassen sich deshalb in ihrem Verbund der Innenrundung der Ofenwandung anpassen, die ohne Zustellung durch die Spulenausgleichsmasse 4 (Fig. 1 und 2) gebildet wird. Man kann die Folien 9 und 10 deshalb auch als ein Bahnmaterial bezeichnen, weil sie von längeren Bahnen des keramischen Werkstoffes abgelängt werden können.Along the circumference of the furnace lining 2, the intermediate layer 3 is composed of a plurality of prefabricated ceramic mats 8, each of which extends over the height of the furnace lining 2. Such a ceramic mat 8 is shown in Fig. 3, it is such a prefabricated component that is adapted to the particular type of furnace for which it is to be used. It has an inner Film 9 and an outer film 10, both of which have, for example, a felt-like structure made of ceramic fibers. Both foils 9 and 10 have approximately the strength and the bendability of cardboard, they can therefore be adapted in their composite to the inner curvature of the furnace wall, which is formed without infeed by the coil compensation mass 4 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The foils 9 and 10 can also be called a web material because they can be cut to length from longer webs of the ceramic material.

Das elektrische Überwachungssystem beruht auf dem Prinzip der Widerstandsmessung des keramischen Ofenfutters 2 zwischen zwei Elektroden 11, die in einer Mehr- oder Vielzahl in einer besonderen Konfiguration das Elektrodennetzwerk 7 bilden, welches zwischen den beiden keramischen Folien 9 und 10 angeordnet ist. Es muß also von der in Einbaulage außenseitig an dem Ofenfutter 2 anliegenden Matte 8 in das keramische Material des Ofenfutters 2 hineingemessen werden. Deshalb hat die unmittelbar an dem Ofenfutter 2 anliegende Folie 9 elektrische Leiteigenschaften und Wärmeleiteigenschaften, die denjenigen des Ofenfutters 2 entsprechen oder wenigstens ähnlich sind. Die in Einbaulage vom Ofenfutter 2 abliegende, äußere Folie 10 hat dagegen Dämmeigenschaften, sie weist also eine sehr viel geringere elektrische Leitfähigkeit und Wärmeleitfähigkeit als die innere Folie 9 auf. Die jeweils erforderlichen spezifischen Widerstände der Folien 9 und 10 in Relation zu dem keramischen Material des Ofenfutters 2 können durch geeignete Zuschläge eingestellt werden, die dem keramischen Werkstoff der Folien 9 und 10 beigegeben werden.The electrical monitoring system is based on the principle of measuring the resistance of the ceramic furnace lining 2 between two electrodes 11, which form the electrode network 7 in a plurality or multiplicity in a special configuration, which is arranged between the two ceramic foils 9 and 10. It must therefore be measured into the ceramic material of the furnace lining 2 from the mat 8 in the installed position on the outside of the furnace lining 2. Therefore, the film 9 lying directly on the furnace lining 2 has electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity properties which correspond to or are at least similar to those of the furnace lining 2. In contrast, the outer film 10 lying away from the furnace lining 2 in the installed position has insulating properties, that is to say it has a much lower electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity than the inner film 9. The specific resistances of the foils 9 and 10 required in relation to the ceramic material of the furnace lining 2 can be set by suitable supplements, which are added to the ceramic material of the foils 9 and 10.

Die Elektroden 11 des Elektrodennetzwerkes 7 bestehen aus einem Material, das eine hohe Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit, eine hohe Warmfestigkeit und gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit hat; hierfür kommen austenitische Elektrodendrähte in Betracht. Die Elektroden 11 sind einer ersten Gruppe 12 und einer zweiten Gruppe 13 zugeordnet, wobei die Elektroden 11, die einander benachbart liegen, zu den verschiedenen Gruppen 12 und 13 gehören und relativ zueinander äquidistant angeordnet sind. Deshalb bilden die Elektroden 11 der beiden Gruppen 12 und 13 einander gegenständige kammartige Gebilde, die in Richtung der Kammzähne ineinandergreifen, so daß jeweils eine Elektrode 11 der einen Gruppe 12 Elektroden 11 der anderen Gruppe 13 benachbart ist. Dieses gesamte Elektrodennetzwerk 7 befindet sich zwischen den beiden Folien 9 und 10, die in geeigneter Weise miteinander verbunden sind, wodurch zugleich das Elektrodennetzwerk 7 fixiert ist. Auf der Matte 8 sind an geeigneter Stelle Zuleitungen 14 und 15 herausgeführt, die mit je einer der Elektrodengruppen 12 und 13 verbunden sind, die im Betrieb mit voneinander verschiedenen Polaritäten beaufschlagt werden.The electrodes 11 of the electrode network 7 consist of a material which has a high resistance to temperature changes, a high heat resistance and good corrosion resistance; austenitic electrode wires are suitable for this. The electrodes 11 are assigned to a first group 12 and a second group 13, the electrodes 11, which are adjacent to one another, belong to the different groups 12 and 13 and are arranged equidistantly relative to one another. Therefore, the electrodes 11 of the two groups 12 and 13 form opposing comb-like structures which interlock in the direction of the comb teeth, so that one electrode 11 of one group 12 is adjacent to electrodes 11 of the other group 13. This entire electrode network 7 is located between the two foils 9 and 10, which are connected to one another in a suitable manner, as a result of which the electrode network 7 is also fixed. On the mat 8, leads 14 and 15 are led out at a suitable point, which are connected to one of the electrode groups 12 and 13, which are subjected to different polarities during operation.

Wie Fig. 4 veranschaulicht, werden in Umfangsrichtung um das Ofenfutter 2 herum mehrere der keramischen Matten 8, beispielsweise 5, angeordnet. In der Praxis werden die Matten 8 entlang der durch die keramische Ausstreichmasse 4 gebildete Innenwandung des Induktors als Zwischenlage 3 (Fig. 1 und 2) vor der Zustellung des Ofenfutters 2 verlegt. In Fig. 4 ist die zu überwachende, von den Matten 8 also zu überdeckende Höhe des Ofenfutters mit dem Pfeil A und der entsprechende Umfang mit dem Pfeil B gekennzeichnet. Damit für jede der Matten 8 partiell eine Durchbruchüberwachung möglich ist, ist die jeweilige eine Zuleitung einer hatte 8 mit einem separaten Eingang einer Auswerteinheit 16 elektrisch verbunden, während die übrigen Zuleitungen der Matten 8 an einem Basispotential liegen. Jede dieser Matten 8 bildet ein Überwachungssegment für sich, so daß entlang dem Umfang des Ofenfutters ein sich anbahnender Schmelzendurchbruch zonen- oder segmentbezogen von der Auswerteinheit 16 angezeigt werden kann. Damit ist eine Lokalisierung des sich anbahnenden Fehlerfalles möglich. Anders als beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel können die Matten 8 auch in Höhenrichtung gegeneinander abgeteilt sein, wenn eine Lokalisierung der sich anbahnenden Fehlerstelle in Höhenrichtung des Ofenfutters gewünscht wird.As illustrated in FIG. 4, several of the ceramic mats 8, for example 5, are arranged circumferentially around the furnace lining 2. In practice, the mats 8 are along the through the ceramic Streak 4 formed inner wall of the inductor as an intermediate layer 3 (Fig. 1 and 2) prior to delivery of the furnace lining 2. 4, the height of the furnace lining to be monitored, ie to be covered by the mats 8, is identified by arrow A and the corresponding extent by arrow B. So that breakthrough monitoring is partially possible for each of the mats 8, the respective one supply line 8 had an electrical connection to a separate input of an evaluation unit 16, while the other supply lines of the mats 8 are at a base potential. Each of these mats 8 forms a monitoring segment for itself, so that an emerging melt breakthrough along the circumference of the furnace lining can be indicated by the evaluation unit 16 in relation to zones or segments. This makes it possible to localize the impending fault. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown, the mats 8 can also be divided from one another in the vertical direction if it is desired to locate the impending fault location in the vertical direction of the furnace lining.

Über die Auswerteinheit 16 werden die beiden Gruppen 12, 13 des Elektrodennetzwerks 7 (Fig. 3) mit einer sinusförmigen Wechselspannung beaufschlagt, deren Frequenz zwischen 20 und 30 Hz liegt. Dieser Frequenzbereich hat sich mit Rücksicht auf die übliche Netzfrequenz von 50 Hz und die Frequenzen, mit denen der Induktor eines Induktionsschmelzofens betrieben wird, als diejenige erwiesen, bei der die geringsten Störungen infolge von Oberwellen-, Streueffekten und Schaltüberspannungen auftreten. Das hängt zusätzlich mit der Komplexität der elektrischen Widerstände zusammen, die zwischen den Elektroden 11 der beiden Gruppen 12 und 13 des Elektrodennetzwerks 7 liegen und die eine kapazitive Komponente haben, welche mit durch die jeweilige Matte 8 bedingt ist, in die das betreffende Elektrodennetzwerk 7 eingebettet ist. Durch eine Meßgleichspannung hervorgerufene Fehlanzeigen, die durch Polarisationserscheinungen im Material des Ofenfutters bedingt sind, werden durch die genannte Meßwechselspannung vermieden.Via the evaluation unit 16, the two groups 12, 13 of the electrode network 7 (FIG. 3) are acted upon by a sinusoidal AC voltage, the frequency of which is between 20 and 30 Hz. This frequency range has proven to be the one with the least interference due to harmonic effects, stray effects and due to the usual mains frequency of 50 Hz and the frequencies with which the inductor of an induction melting furnace is operated Switching overvoltages occur. This is also related to the complexity of the electrical resistances which lie between the electrodes 11 of the two groups 12 and 13 of the electrode network 7 and which have a capacitive component which is also caused by the respective mat 8 in which the electrode network 7 in question is embedded is. False indications caused by a DC measuring voltage, which are caused by polarization phenomena in the material of the furnace lining, are avoided by the above-mentioned measuring AC voltage.

Claims (10)

Vorwarneinrichtung für Durchbrüche von Metallschmelzen an keramischen Ofenfuttern von Schmelzöfen, insbesondere von Induktionsschmelzöfen am jeweiligen Ofenfutter (2)anzuordnenden Elektroden (11), die in zwei Gruppen (12, 13) unterschiedlicher Polarität unterteilt sind, welche in Abständen voneinander angeordnet sind und die zur Ermittlung des elektrischen, temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes des Ofenfutters (2) zwischen den beiden Elektrodengruppen (12, 13) mit einer Auswerteinheit (16) verbindbar sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zumindest eine der Elektroden als Elektrodennetzwerk (7) einseitig auf einer keramischen Folie (9) oder (10) angeordnet ist, die entweder mit der mit dem Elektrodennetzwerk (7) versehenen Seite oder mit der diesem abgewandten Seite am Ofenfutter (2) anzuordnen ist, wobei die Folie (9) oder (10) im ersten Fall eine niedrigere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie eine geringere elektrische Leitfähigkeit und im zweiten Fall eine etwa gleiche oder höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie eine etwa gleiche oder höhere elektrische Leitfähigkeit gegenüber dem keramischen Material des Ofenfut ters (2) hat.
Pre-warning device for breakthroughs of metal melts on ceramic furnace linings of melting furnaces, in particular of induction melting furnaces on the respective furnace lining (2) electrodes (11) which are divided into two groups (12, 13) of different polarity, which are arranged at intervals from each other and which are used for determination the electrical, temperature-dependent resistance of the furnace lining (2) between the two electrode groups (12, 13) can be connected to an evaluation unit (16),
characterized,
that at least one of the electrodes is arranged as an electrode network (7) on one side on a ceramic film (9) or (10), which is to be arranged either with the side provided with the electrode network (7) or with the side facing away from the furnace lining (2) , the film (9) or (10) in the first case having a lower thermal conductivity and a lower electrical conductivity and in the second case an approximately the same or higher thermal conductivity and an approximately the same or higher electrical conductivity compared to the ceramic material of the furnace lining (2) Has.
Vorwarneinrichtung für Durchbrüche von Metallschmelzen an keramischen Ofenfuttern von Schmelzöfen, insbesondere von Induktionsschmelzöfen mit einem auf die Außenseite des jeweiligen Ofenfutters anzuordnenden Netzwerk von Elektroden, die in zwei Gruppen unterschiedlicher Polarität unterteilt sind, welche in Abständen voneinander angeordnet sind undie zur Ermittlung des elektrischen, temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes des Ofenfutters zwischen den beiden Elektrodengruppen mit einer Auswerteinheit verbindbar sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Elektrodennetzwerk (7) einseitig auf einer keramischen Folie (9) oder (10) angeordnet ist, die entweder mit der mit dem Elektrodennetzwerk (7) versehenen Seite oder mit der diesem abgewandten Seite an der Außenseite des Ofenfutters (2) anzuordnen ist, wobei die Folie (9) oder (10) im ersten Fall eine niedrigere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie eine geringere elektrische Leitfähigkeit und im zweiten Fall eine etwa gleiche oder höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie eine etwa gleiche oder höhere elektrische Leitfähigkeit gegenüber dem keramischen Material des Ofenfutters hat.
Pre-warning device for breakthroughs of metal melts on ceramic furnace linings of melting furnaces, in particular induction melting furnaces with a network of electrodes to be arranged on the outside of the respective furnace lining are divided into two groups of different polarity, which are spaced from each other and which can be connected to an evaluation unit to determine the electrical, temperature-dependent resistance of the furnace lining between the two electrode groups,
characterized,
that the electrode network (7) is arranged on one side on a ceramic film (9) or (10) which is to be arranged either with the side provided with the electrode network (7) or with the side facing away from it on the outside of the furnace lining (2), wherein the film (9) or (10) in the first case has a lower thermal conductivity and a lower electrical conductivity and in the second case an approximately the same or higher thermal conductivity and an approximately the same or higher electrical conductivity compared to the ceramic material of the furnace lining.
Vorwarneinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die keramische Folie (9) oder (10) bei Anordnung mit dem Elektrodennetzwerk (7) benachbart der Außenseite des Ofenfutters (2) einen niedrigeren spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand und bei Anordnung mit dem Elektrodennetzwerk (7) auf der dem Ofenfutter (2) abgewandten Seite einen höheren spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand als das keramische Material des Ofenfutters (2) hat.
Pre-warning device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the ceramic film (9) or (10) when arranged with the electrode network (7) adjacent to the outside of the furnace lining (2) has a lower specific electrical resistance and when arranged with the electrode network (7) on the side facing away from the furnace lining (2) has a higher specific electrical resistance than the ceramic material of the furnace lining (2).
Vorwarneinrichtung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Elektrodennetzwerk (7) zwischen zwei keramischen Folien (9 und 10) angeordnet ist, von denen die benachbart der Außenseite des Ofenfutters (2) anzuordnende Folie (9) eine etwa gleiche oder höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie einen niedrigeren spezifischen Widerstand und die auf der vom Ofenfutter (2) abgewandten Seite anzuordnende Folie (10) eine niedrigere Wärmeleitfähigkeit sowie einen höheren spezifischen Widerstand als das keramische Material des Ofenfutters (2) hat.
Pre-warning device according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the electrode network (7) is arranged between two ceramic foils (9 and 10), of which the foil (9) to be arranged adjacent to the outside of the furnace lining (2) has approximately the same or higher thermal conductivity and a lower specific resistance and that on the Foil (10) facing away from the furnace lining (2) has a lower thermal conductivity and a higher specific resistance than the ceramic material of the furnace lining (2).
Vorwarneinrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die beiden keramischen Folien (9 und 10) mit dem dazwischen angeordneten Elektrodennetzwerk (7) zu einer vorgefertigten, keramischen Matte (8) mit herausgeführten Anschlußleitungen (14, 15) einbaufertig zusammengefügt sind.
Pre-warning device according to claim 4,
characterized,
that the two ceramic foils (9 and 10) with the electrode network (7) arranged between them are assembled ready for installation into a prefabricated ceramic mat (8) with lead-out leads (14, 15).
Vorwarneinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß mehrere keramische Folien (9 oder 10) oder keramische Matten (8) in Umfangs- und/oder in Höhenrichtung des betreffenden Ofenfutters (2) vorgesehen werden, die je für sich mit der Auswerteinheit (16) zwecks getrennter Überwachung verbindbar sind.
Prewarning device according to one of Claims 1-5,
characterized,
that several ceramic foils (9 or 10) or ceramic mats (8) are provided in the circumferential and / or in the vertical direction of the furnace lining (2) in question, which can each be connected to the evaluation unit (16) for separate monitoring.
Vorwarneinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die beiden Gruppen (12, 13) der Elektroden- bzw. der Elektrodennetzwerke (7) Wechselspannung beaufschlagt werden.
Prewarning device according to one of Claims 1-6,
characterized,
that the two groups (12, 13) of the electrode or electrode networks (7) are subjected to alternating voltage.
Vorwarneinrichtung nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die beiden Gruppe (12, 13) der Elektrodennetzwerke (7) einer Folie (9 oder 10) oder Matte (8) mit einer sinusförmigen Wechselspannung beaufschlagt werden, deren Frequenz zwischen 20 und 30 Hz liegt.
Pre-warning device according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the two groups (12, 13) of the electrode networks (7) of a film (9 or 10) or mat (8) are acted upon by a sinusoidal AC voltage, the frequency of which is between 20 and 30 Hz.
Vorwarneinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Elektroden (11) einer Gruppe 12, 13) eine Kammform haben und beide Elektrodengruppen (12 und 13) mit den in Richtung der Kammzähne angeordneten Elektroden (11) einander abwechselnd sowie äquidistant ineinandergreifend angeordnet sind.
Prewarning device according to one of Claims 1-8,
characterized,
that the electrodes (11) of a group 12, 13) have a comb shape and both electrode groups (12 and 13) with the electrodes (11) arranged in the direction of the comb teeth are arranged in an alternating and equidistant manner.
Vorwarneinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die eine der Elektroden durch das Elektrodennetzwerk (7) und die andere Elektrode durch die Schmelze gebildet wird.
Prewarning device according to one of Claims 1-8,
characterized,
that one of the electrodes is formed by the electrode network (7) and the other electrode by the melt.
EP92108661A 1991-06-19 1992-05-22 Warning installation for induction smelt furnace Expired - Lifetime EP0519231B1 (en)

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DE4120205 1991-06-19

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DE1220086B (en) * 1965-07-08 1966-06-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Device to indicate beginning and to prevent complete breakthroughs in the crucible
DE2718016A1 (en) * 1977-04-22 1979-05-10 Kotylev Melting furnace lining electrical parameters monitor - has maximum and average value units for lining condition assessment
FR2427569A1 (en) * 1978-05-30 1979-12-28 Kolotilo Daniil Induction melting furnace wear indication system - has carbon containing fabric screen between crucible and furnace inductor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19602249A1 (en) * 1996-01-23 1997-07-24 Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh Early warning system for molten metal break-through in induction furnaces
WO2004015349A3 (en) * 2002-08-06 2004-04-22 Lios Technology Gmbh Furnace, method and monitoring system for monitoring its condition
EP1818638A2 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-15 Saveway GmbH & Co. KG Method for monitoring an induction oven and induction oven
EP1818638A3 (en) * 2006-02-10 2008-01-23 Saveway GmbH & Co. KG Method for monitoring an induction oven and induction oven

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL294910A1 (en) 1993-02-08
EP0519231B1 (en) 1995-03-01
HU9201919D0 (en) 1992-09-28
PL169101B1 (en) 1996-06-28
HU215627B (en) 1999-01-28
EP0519231A3 (en) 1993-01-13
US5319671A (en) 1994-06-07
JPH05180583A (en) 1993-07-23
HK1000923A1 (en) 1998-05-08
DE4120205A1 (en) 1992-12-24
JP3305359B2 (en) 2002-07-22
CZ187092A3 (en) 1993-01-13
CZ285114B6 (en) 1999-05-12
ATE119268T1 (en) 1995-03-15
DE59201510D1 (en) 1995-04-06
HUT62698A (en) 1993-05-28
SK187092A3 (en) 1995-06-07

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