EP0518663B1 - Hornstrahler für Parabolantenne - Google Patents

Hornstrahler für Parabolantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0518663B1
EP0518663B1 EP19920305353 EP92305353A EP0518663B1 EP 0518663 B1 EP0518663 B1 EP 0518663B1 EP 19920305353 EP19920305353 EP 19920305353 EP 92305353 A EP92305353 A EP 92305353A EP 0518663 B1 EP0518663 B1 EP 0518663B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parabolic
hollow portion
reflector
reflector antenna
opposite end
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920305353
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0518663A2 (de
EP0518663A3 (en
Inventor
Keiji Fukuzawa
Yoshikazu Yoshida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sony Corp
Original Assignee
Sony Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Publication of EP0518663A2 publication Critical patent/EP0518663A2/de
Publication of EP0518663A3 publication Critical patent/EP0518663A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0518663B1 publication Critical patent/EP0518663B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0208—Corrugated horns
    • H01Q13/0225—Corrugated horns of non-circular cross-section
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H01Q19/132—Horn reflector antennas; Off-set feeding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a parabolic-reflector antenna for receiving satellite broadcasts, and more particularly to a primary horn for use in such a parabolic-reflector antenna.
  • one parabolic-reflector antenna comprises a parabolic reflector 1 for reflecting an incoming radio wave, and a polarization converter 2 for converting the radio wave reflected by the parabolic reflector 1 from circular polarization into linear polarization.
  • the parabolic reflector 1 is of a circular shape (i.e., a circular aperture) as viewed from the broadcasting satellite.
  • the polarization converter 2 comprises a primary horn which also has a circular aperture for guiding the radio wave reflected by the parabolic reflector 1 to a polarization converting system.
  • the parabolic-reflector antenna Since the parabolic-reflector antenna has the parabolic reflector 1 of a circular aperture, if the parabolic-reflector antenna faces a plurality of broadcasting satellites that are located relatively closely to each other, then it tends to receive radio waves from those broadcasting satellites which the antenna is not aimed at.
  • JP-A-57 193105 discloses an horn antenna for obtaining a TM 11 mode.
  • the antenna comprises a horn which tapers inwardly from an elliptical inlet to a circular outlet and a TM 11 mode generating section which comprises a cylindrical guide connecting the circular outlet to a conical guide.
  • US-A-4731616 discloses an antenna horn for use as part of an antenna system such as an offset parabolic antenna system.
  • the horns of this antenna include a plurality of sections which enable the propagation of both the TE 11 mode and the TM 11 mode.
  • GB-A-1 525 514 upon which the precharacterizing portion of claim 1 is based, discloses the cross-sections of primary feeds for offset parabolic reflector antennas.
  • a parabolic-reflector antenna comprising:
  • FIG. 2 shows a parabolic-reflector antenna having a polarization converter including a primary horn according to the present invention.
  • the parabolic-reflector antenna comprises a parabolic reflector 12 mounted on a support column 11, and a polarization converter 13 positioned at the focal point of the parabolic reflector 12 so that radio waves reflected by the parabolic reflector 12 are concentrated on the polarization converter 13.
  • the polarization converter 13 is connected to a signal converter 15 by a waveguide 14.
  • a circularly polarized radio wave transmitted from the broadcasting satellite is reflected toward the polarization converter 13 by the parabolic reflector 12.
  • the polarization converter 13 converts the circularly polarized radio wave into a linearly polarized radio wave, which is guided to the signal converter 15 by the waveguide 14.
  • the signal converter 15 converts the linearly polarized radio wave into an electric signal that is sent to a tuner (not shown).
  • the parabolic reflector 12 comprises a reflector having an elliptical aperture with a horizontal major axis. With the horizontal major axis, the parabolic reflector 12 has high horizontal directivity. If many broadcasting satellites are positioned relatively closely to each other, then the parabolic reflector 12 with high horizontal directivity is able to reliably receive radio waves from a desired one of the broadcasting satellites with regard to that direction.
  • the parabolic reflector 12 with high horizontal directivity has low vertical directivity, but compensating for the reduction in the vertical directivity of the parabolic reflector 12, the polarization converter 13 has a primary horn for receiving radio waves reflected by the parabolic reflector 12, the primary horn having an elliptical aperture with a vertical major axis, as described later on.
  • Radio waves transmitted from broadcasting satellites are circularly polarized so that antennas for receiving the radio waves from the broadcasting satellites can easily be installed without concern over the planes of polarization of the radio waves.
  • circularly polarized radio waves cannot efficiently be converted into electric signals, they are first converted into linearly polarized radio waves by the polarization converter 13 for subsequent conversion into electric signals.
  • the polarization of circularly polarized radio waves is rotating clockwise or counterclockwise in order to prevent radio waves transmitted by two broadcasting satellites that are located relatively closely to each other from interfering with each other. For example, if the polarization of circularly polarized radio waves transmitted by a broadcasting satellite of Japan is rotating clockwise, and there is a broadcasting satellite of Korea is positioned in the vicinity of the broadcasting satellite of Japan, then the polarization of circularly polarized radio waves transmitted by the broadcasting satellite of Korea is rotating counterclockwise so that the radio waves transmitted by the broadcasting satellite of Korea will not develop interference over Japan and the radio waves transmitted by the broadcasting satellite of Japan will not develop interference over Korea.
  • the elliptical aperture of the parabolic reflector 12 shown in FIG. 3 is however ineffective to discriminate clearly between the clockwise and counterclockwise rotating polarizations.
  • the parabolic reflector 12 is supposed to receive circularly polarized radio waves whose polarization is rotating clockwise (or counterclockwise), it also receives circularly polarized radio waves whose polarization is rotating counterclockwise (or clockwise).
  • the same problem arises with respect to discriminating between vertically linearly polarized radio waves and horizontally linearly polarized radio waves. Therefore, parabolic reflector 12 with the elliptical aperture has poor cross polarization discrimination.
  • the primary horn of the polarization converter 13 comprises a dual-mode horn having a vertically elongate elliptical aperture, as shown in FIGS. 4 through 6.
  • the primary horn for receiving radio waves reflected by the parabolic reflector 12 is composed of three successive hollow portions 21, 22, 23 defined by respective inner surfaces.
  • the first portion 21, which is elliptical in cross section, has an elliptical aperture on one end having a vertical major axis and a horizontal minor axis.
  • the orientation of the elliptical aperture of the portion 21 is perpendicular to the orientation of the elliptical aperture of the parabolic reflector 12 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the inner surface of the first portion 21 is progressively tapered or smaller in diameter in a direction away from its aperture.
  • the innermost end of the first portion 21 is of a circular cross section and joined to the outermost end of the second portion 22 which is circular in cross section and has a constant diameter.
  • the joined ends of the first and second portions 21, 22 are of the same diameter.
  • the innermost end of the second portion 22 is in turn joined to the outermost end of the third portion 23 which is circular in cross section and progressively tapered or smaller in diameter away from the second portion 22.
  • the innermost end of the second portion 22 is larger in diameter than the outermost end of the third portion 23.
  • a step 25 is interposed between the second and third portions 22, 23.
  • the first, second, and third portions 21, 22, 23 are held substantially coaxial with each other in axially juxtaposed relationship to each other.
  • the innermost end of the third portion 23 is joined to a waveguide 24 having a constant diameter.
  • An end plate 26 having a recess 27 defined therein is joined to the innermost end of the waveguide 24.
  • the waveguide 24 and the recess 27 jointly provide a space in which a film substrate 28 is disposed.
  • the film substrate 28 has a probe 31 (see FIG. 7) positioned in confronting relationship to the waveguide 24, and another probe 35 positioned in confronting relationship to the waveguide 14.
  • the dual-mode horn configuration of the primary horn is effective to generate a high-order mode of electric field for improving the cross polarization discrimination. For example, if circularly polarized radio waves whose polarization is rotating counterclockwise are received, the primary horn suppresses circularly polarized radio waves whose polarization is rotating clockwise.
  • the primary horn is thus capable of compensate for the reduction in the cross polarization discrimination which is caused by the elliptical aperture of the parabolic reflector 12.
  • FIG. 7 shows a pattern on the film substrate 28.
  • the film substrate 28, which is flexible and highly thin, has the probe 31, branches 32, 33, a coupling 34, and the probe 35 that are internally formed of aluminum foil as a continuous pattern.
  • the branches 32, 33 and the coupling 34 jointly make up a suspended line 42.
  • the probe 31 serves as a converting section 41 for converting a waveguide mode into a suspended line mode
  • the probe 35 serves as a converting section 43 for converting a suspended line mode into a waveguide mode.
  • the probe 31 is of a substantially square shape and positioned in confronting relationship to (i.e., within the waveguide passage of) the waveguide 24.
  • the square probe 31 has two adjacent perpendicular sides to which ends of the respective branches 32, 33 are joined.
  • the branch 32 is longer than the branch 33 such that their transmission line lengths differ from each other by 1/4 of the wavelength ⁇ of the received radio wave.
  • the other ends of the branches 32, 33 are joined to each other by the coupling 34.
  • the coupling 34 is connected to the probe 35, which is positioned within (i.e., within the waveguide passage of) the waveguide 14.
  • a printed resistor 36 is interposed between the branches 32, 33.
  • the pattern thus formed on the film substrate 23 serves as a Wilkinson type combiner.
  • radio waves transmitted by the broadcasting satellites are circularly polarized with the clockwise rotating polarization.
  • the circularly polarized radio waves are composed of a combination of two electric fields directed at a right angle, with one electric field leading the other by 90°.
  • the branch 32 which is ⁇ /4 longer than the branch 33, detects the electric field, indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 4, that leads the other electric field by 90°, whereas the branch 33 detects the electric field, indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 4, that lags the other electric field by 90°.
  • the branch 32 is ⁇ /4 longer than the branch 33, the electric field which is detected by the branch 32 reaches the coupling 34 with a delay of 90° with respect to the electric field which is detected by the branch 33.
  • the coupling 34 and hence the probe 35 joined thereto detect and output a linearly polarized radio wave, which is then propagated through the waveguide 14 and supplied to the signal converter 15.
  • the signal converter 15 converts the supplied linearly polarized radio wave into an electric signal.
  • the pattern formed on the film substrate 28 as shown in FIG. 7 is capable of receiving some of circularly polarized radio waves with the counterclockwise rotating polarization as well as the circularly polarized radio waves with the clockwise rotating polarization.
  • Such circularly polarized radio waves with the counterclockwise rotating polarization are however suppressed by the printed resistor 35 interposed between the resistors 32, 33.
  • the inclusion of the printed resistor 35, together with the dual-mode horn configuration, serves to improve the cross polarization discrimination.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Parabolantenne, mit:
    einem Parabolspiegel (12); und
    einem Hornstrahler (13), der im Brennpunkt des Parabolspiegels (12) positioniert ist;
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Parabolspiegel (12) eine elliptische Öffnung hat, die eine erste Hauptachse hat;
    der Hornstrahler (13) eine elliptische Öffnung hat, die eine zweite Hauptachse hat; und
    die erste Hauptachse senkrecht zur zweiten Hauptachse ist.
  2. Parabolantenne nach Anspruch 1, wobei die erste Hauptachse sich horizontal ausdehnt und die zweite Hauptachse sich senkrecht ausdehnt.
  3. Parabolantenne nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Hornstrahler (13) aufweist:
       einen ersten Hohlbereich (21), der eine elliptische Öffnung auf seinem einen Ende hat und einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf seinem entgegengesetzten Ende, wobei der erste Hohlbereich (21) durch eine Innenfläche bestimmt ist, die schrittweise von dem einen Ende in Richtung auf das entgegengesetzte Ende verjüngt ist.
  4. Parabolantenne nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Hornstrahler (13) außerdem einen dritten Hohlbereich (23) besitzt, der einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf seinem einen Ende hat und einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf seinem entgegengesetzten Ende, wobei der dritte Hohlbereich (23) durch eine Innenfläche bestimmt ist, die schrittweise von dem einen Ende in Richtung auf das entgegengesetzte Ende verjüngt ist, wobei der erste (21) und der dritte (23) Hohlbereich koaxial zueinander in axial angrenzender Lage zueinander gehalten ist.
  5. Parabolantenne nach Anspruch 4, wobei der Hornstrahler einen zweiten Hohlbereich (22) besitzt, der einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt und einen konstanten Durchmesser von seinem einen Ende zu seinem entgegengesetzten Ende hat, wobei das eine Ende des zweiten Hohlbereichs (22) mit dem entgegengesetzten Ende des ersten Hohlbereichs (21) verbunden ist, wobei das entgegengesetzte Ende des zweiten Hohlbereichs (22) mit dem einem Ende des dritten Hohlbereichs (23) verbunden ist.
  6. Parabolantenne nach Anspruch 5, wobei das entgegengesetzte Ende des ersten Hohlbereichs (21) und das eine Ende des zweiten Hohlbereichs (22) den gleichen Durchmesser haben.
  7. Parabolantenne nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, wobei das entgegengesetzte Ende des zweiten Hohlbereichs (22) einen Durchmesser hat, der größer ist als der Durchmesser des einen Endes des dritten Hohlbereichs (23).
  8. Parabolantenne nach Anspruch 7, die außerdem einen Absatz (25) besitzt, der zwischen dem entgegengesetzten Ende des zweiten Hohlbereichs (22) und dem einen Ende des dritten Hohlbereichs (23) angeordnet ist.
  9. Parabolantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, die außerdem aufweist:
    eine Einrichtung (28), die mit dem dritten Hohlbereich (23) verbunden ist, um eine zirkular-polarisierte Rundfunkwelle in eine linear-polarisierte Rundfunkwelle umzusetzen; und
    einen Hohlleiter (14), der mit der Einrichtung verbunden ist, um die linear-polarisierte Rundfunkwelle, die durch die Einrichtung umgesetzt wurde, zu leiten.
EP19920305353 1991-06-14 1992-06-11 Hornstrahler für Parabolantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0518663B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP169321/91 1991-06-14
JP16932191A JP3466634B2 (ja) 1991-06-14 1991-06-14 パラボラアンテナ

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0518663A2 EP0518663A2 (de) 1992-12-16
EP0518663A3 EP0518663A3 (en) 1994-08-24
EP0518663B1 true EP0518663B1 (de) 1998-01-14

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ID=15884382

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920305353 Expired - Lifetime EP0518663B1 (de) 1991-06-14 1992-06-11 Hornstrahler für Parabolantenne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0518663B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3466634B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69224010T2 (de)
TW (1) TW211087B (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2584235Y2 (ja) * 1993-09-13 1998-10-30 八木アンテナ株式会社 衛星受信用アンテナ
JP5004846B2 (ja) * 2008-03-26 2012-08-22 三菱電機株式会社 ビーム走査反射鏡アンテナ

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1525514A (en) * 1975-10-29 1978-09-20 Rudge A Primary feeds for offset parabolic reflector antennas
JPS57193105A (en) * 1981-05-25 1982-11-27 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Horn antenna
US4731616A (en) * 1985-06-03 1988-03-15 Fulton David A Antenna horns

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69224010D1 (de) 1998-02-19
TW211087B (de) 1993-08-11
DE69224010T2 (de) 1998-05-14
EP0518663A2 (de) 1992-12-16
EP0518663A3 (en) 1994-08-24
JPH04368009A (ja) 1992-12-21
JP3466634B2 (ja) 2003-11-17

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